diff --git a/src/RobotLoader/RobotLoader.php b/src/RobotLoader/RobotLoader.php
index d214e07..7409d53 100644
--- a/src/RobotLoader/RobotLoader.php
+++ b/src/RobotLoader/RobotLoader.php
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ class RobotLoader
 
 	/** @var string[] */
 	public array $acceptFiles = ['*.php'];
+	public bool $topLevelOnly = true;
 	private bool $autoRebuild = true;
 	private bool $reportParseErrors = true;
 
@@ -229,7 +230,7 @@ private function refreshClasses(): void
 				$classes[$file] = []; // prevents the error when adding the same file twice
 
 				foreach ($foundClasses as $class) {
-					if (isset($this->classes[$class])) {
+					if (isset($this->classes[$class]) && $this->classes[$class][0] !== $file) {
 						throw new Nette\InvalidStateException(sprintf(
 							'Ambiguous class %s resolution; defined in %s and in %s.',
 							$class,
@@ -361,7 +362,7 @@ private function scanPhp(string $file): array
 					$namespace = $name ? $name . '\\' : '';
 					$minLevel = $token->text === '{' ? 1 : 0;
 
-				} elseif ($name && $level === $minLevel) {
+				} elseif ($name && ($level === $minLevel || !$this->topLevelOnly)) {
 					$classes[] = $namespace . $name;
 				}
 
diff --git a/tests/Loaders/RobotLoader.topLevel.phpt b/tests/Loaders/RobotLoader.topLevel.phpt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..93d2bd3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Loaders/RobotLoader.topLevel.phpt
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+<?php
+
+/**
+ * Test: Nette\Loaders\RobotLoader top level.
+ */
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+use Nette\Loaders\RobotLoader;
+use Tester\Assert;
+
+
+require __DIR__ . '/../bootstrap.php';
+
+
+$loader = new RobotLoader;
+$loader->setTempDirectory(getTempDir());
+$loader->topLevelOnly = false;
+$loader->addDirectory(__DIR__ . '/files');
+$loader->register();
+
+Assert::true(class_exists('ConditionalClass'));   // files/conditional.class.php
diff --git a/tests/Loaders/files/conditional.class.php b/tests/Loaders/files/conditional.class.php
index 60c2e5e..0f8d38f 100644
--- a/tests/Loaders/files/conditional.class.php
+++ b/tests/Loaders/files/conditional.class.php
@@ -6,4 +6,8 @@
 	class ConditionalClass
 	{
 	}
+} else {
+	class ConditionalClass
+	{
+	}
 }