refactor(typingsInstaller): modernize architecture and improve type safety

- Replace monolithic installer with focused classes (NpmClient, TypingsRegistry, InstallationCache)
- Eliminate undefined usage in favor of explicit union types
- Add async/await pattern replacing blocking execSync operations
- Implement LRU installation cache to prevent redundant installs
- Add retry logic with exponential backoff for failed operations
- Introduce structured logging with JSON format and metrics collection
- Enhance security with package name sanitization and command array building
- Add comprehensive error handling with custom error types
- Implement proper resource management and graceful shutdown
- Fix memory leaks from unbounded cache growth and improve cleanup

Breaking: Constructor parameter order changed, config now uses validated objects

Author: KushalMeghani1644

package-lock.json

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@
         "@types/minimist": "^1.2.5",
         "@types/mocha": "^10.0.10",
         "@types/ms": "^0.7.34",
-        "@types/node": "latest",
+        "@types/node": "^24.3.1",
         "@types/source-map-support": "^0.5.10",
         "@types/which": "^3.0.4",
         "@typescript-eslint/rule-tester": "^8.39.1",