You can find the docker-compose.yaml file used in this exercise here.
If you're using Windows, use a PowerShell terminal.
Make a new folder just for this assignment, and copy docker-compose.yaml into it.
Change to this folder and bring up the containers:
docker-compose upExample:
micah@trapdoor wordpress % docker-compose up
Creating network "wordpress_default" with the default driver
Creating volume "wordpress_db_data" with default driver
Creating volume "wordpress_wordpress_data" with default driver
Creating wordpress_db_1 ... done
Creating wordpress_wordpress_1 ... done
Attaching to wordpress_db_1, wordpress_wordpress_1
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:33+00:00 [Note] [Entrypoint]: Entrypoint script for MariaDB Server 1:10.9.2+maria~ubu2204 started.
wordpress_1 | WordPress not found in /var/www/html - copying now...
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:33+00:00 [Note] [Entrypoint]: Switching to dedicated user 'mysql'
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:33+00:00 [Note] [Entrypoint]: Entrypoint script for MariaDB Server 1:10.9.2+maria~ubu2204 started.
wordpress_1 | Complete! WordPress has been successfully copied to /var/www/html
wordpress_1 | No 'wp-config.php' found in /var/www/html, but 'WORDPRESS_...' variables supplied; copying 'wp-config-docker.php' (WORDPRESS_DB_HOST WORDPRESS_DB_NAME WORDPRESS_DB_PASSWORD WORDPRESS_DB_USER)
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:34+00:00 [Note] [Entrypoint]: Initializing database files
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:34 0 [Warning] mariadbd: io_uring_queue_init() failed with ENOMEM: try larger memory locked limit, ulimit -l, or https://mariadb.com/kb/en/systemd/#configuring-limitmemlock under systemd (262144 bytes required)
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:34 0 [Warning] InnoDB: liburing disabled: falling back to innodb_use_native_aio=OFF
wordpress_1 | AH00558: apache2: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 172.23.0.3. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message
wordpress_1 | AH00558: apache2: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 172.23.0.3. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message
wordpress_1 | [Sun Aug 28 18:07:34.449415 2022] [mpm_prefork:notice] [pid 1] AH00163: Apache/2.4.54 (Debian) PHP/7.4.30 configured -- resuming normal operations
wordpress_1 | [Sun Aug 28 18:07:34.449484 2022] [core:notice] [pid 1] AH00094: Command line: 'apache2 -D FOREGROUND'
db_1 |
db_1 |
db_1 | PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MariaDB root USER !
db_1 | To do so, start the server, then issue the following command:
db_1 |
db_1 | '/usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation'
db_1 |
db_1 | which will also give you the option of removing the test
db_1 | databases and anonymous user created by default. This is
db_1 | strongly recommended for production servers.
db_1 |
db_1 | See the MariaDB Knowledgebase at https://mariadb.com/kb
db_1 |
db_1 | Please report any problems at https://mariadb.org/jira
db_1 |
db_1 | The latest information about MariaDB is available at https://mariadb.org/.
db_1 |
db_1 | Consider joining MariaDB's strong and vibrant community:
db_1 | https://mariadb.org/get-involved/
db_1 |
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:35+00:00 [Note] [Entrypoint]: Database files initialized
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:35+00:00 [Note] [Entrypoint]: Starting temporary server
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:35+00:00 [Note] [Entrypoint]: Waiting for server startup
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:35 0 [Note] mariadbd (server 10.9.2-MariaDB-1:10.9.2+maria~ubu2204) starting as process 93 ...
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:35 0 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.11
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:35 0 [Note] InnoDB: Number of transaction pools: 1
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:35 0 [Note] InnoDB: Using crc32 + pclmulqdq instructions
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:35 0 [Note] mariadbd: O_TMPFILE is not supported on /tmp (disabling future attempts)
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:35 0 [Warning] mariadbd: io_uring_queue_init() failed with ENOMEM: try larger memory locked limit, ulimit -l, or https://mariadb.com/kb/en/systemd/#configuring-limitmemlock under systemd (262144 bytes required)
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:35 0 [Warning] InnoDB: liburing disabled: falling back to innodb_use_native_aio=OFF
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:35 0 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, total size = 128.000MiB, chunk size = 2.000MiB
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:35 0 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:35 0 [Note] InnoDB: File system buffers for log disabled (block size=4096 bytes)
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:35 0 [Note] InnoDB: 128 rollback segments are active.
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:35 0 [Note] InnoDB: Setting file './ibtmp1' size to 12.000MiB. Physically writing the file full; Please wait ...
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:35 0 [Note] InnoDB: File './ibtmp1' size is now 12.000MiB.
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:35 0 [Note] InnoDB: log sequence number 45479; transaction id 14
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:35 0 [Note] Plugin 'FEEDBACK' is disabled.
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:35 0 [Warning] 'user' entry 'root@0362065ce624' ignored in --skip-name-resolve mode.
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:35 0 [Warning] 'proxies_priv' entry '@% root@0362065ce624' ignored in --skip-name-resolve mode.
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:35 0 [Note] mariadbd: ready for connections.
db_1 | Version: '10.9.2-MariaDB-1:10.9.2+maria~ubu2204' socket: '/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock' port: 0 mariadb.org binary distribution
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:36+00:00 [Note] [Entrypoint]: Temporary server started.
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:38+00:00 [Note] [Entrypoint]: Securing system users (equivalent to running mysql_secure_installation)
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:38+00:00 [Note] [Entrypoint]: Creating database wordpress
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:38+00:00 [Note] [Entrypoint]: Creating user wordpress
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:38+00:00 [Note] [Entrypoint]: Giving user wordpress access to schema wordpress
db_1 |
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:38+00:00 [Note] [Entrypoint]: Stopping temporary server
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:38 0 [Note] mariadbd (initiated by: root[root] @ localhost []): Normal shutdown
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:38 0 [Note] InnoDB: FTS optimize thread exiting.
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:38 0 [Note] InnoDB: Starting shutdown...
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:38 0 [Note] InnoDB: Dumping buffer pool(s) to /var/lib/mysql/ib_buffer_pool
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:38 0 [Note] InnoDB: Buffer pool(s) dump completed at 220828 18:07:38
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:38 0 [Note] InnoDB: Removed temporary tablespace data file: "./ibtmp1"
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:38 0 [Note] InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 46729; transaction id 15
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:38 0 [Note] mariadbd: Shutdown complete
db_1 |
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:39+00:00 [Note] [Entrypoint]: Temporary server stopped
db_1 |
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:39+00:00 [Note] [Entrypoint]: MariaDB init process done. Ready for start up.
db_1 |
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:39 0 [Note] mariadbd (server 10.9.2-MariaDB-1:10.9.2+maria~ubu2204) starting as process 1 ...
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:39 0 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.11
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:39 0 [Note] InnoDB: Number of transaction pools: 1
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:39 0 [Note] InnoDB: Using crc32 + pclmulqdq instructions
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:39 0 [Note] mariadbd: O_TMPFILE is not supported on /tmp (disabling future attempts)
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:39 0 [Warning] mariadbd: io_uring_queue_init() failed with ENOMEM: try larger memory locked limit, ulimit -l, or https://mariadb.com/kb/en/systemd/#configuring-limitmemlock under systemd (262144 bytes required)
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:39 0 [Warning] InnoDB: liburing disabled: falling back to innodb_use_native_aio=OFF
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:39 0 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, total size = 128.000MiB, chunk size = 2.000MiB
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:39 0 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:39 0 [Note] InnoDB: File system buffers for log disabled (block size=4096 bytes)
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:39 0 [Note] InnoDB: 128 rollback segments are active.
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:39 0 [Note] InnoDB: Setting file './ibtmp1' size to 12.000MiB. Physically writing the file full; Please wait ...
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:39 0 [Note] InnoDB: File './ibtmp1' size is now 12.000MiB.
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:39 0 [Note] InnoDB: log sequence number 46729; transaction id 14
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:39 0 [Note] InnoDB: Loading buffer pool(s) from /var/lib/mysql/ib_buffer_pool
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:39 0 [Note] Plugin 'FEEDBACK' is disabled.
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:39 0 [Warning] You need to use --log-bin to make --expire-logs-days or --binlog-expire-logs-seconds work.
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:39 0 [Note] InnoDB: Buffer pool(s) load completed at 220828 18:07:39
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:39 0 [Note] Server socket created on IP: '0.0.0.0'.
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:39 0 [Note] Server socket created on IP: '::'.
db_1 | 2022-08-28 18:07:39 0 [Note] mariadbd: ready for connections.
db_1 | Version: '10.9.2-MariaDB-1:10.9.2+maria~ubu2204' socket: '/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock' port: 3306 mariadb.org binary distribution
Open a separate terminal and run:
docker-compose psExample:
micah@trapdoor wordpress % docker-compose ps
Name Command State Ports
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
wordpress_db_1 docker-entrypoint.sh mariadbd Up 3306/tcp
wordpress_wordpress_1 docker-entrypoint.sh apach ... Up 0.0.0.0:8000->80/tcp```
Open a bash shell in the WordPress container:
```sh
docker-compose exec wordpress bash
Example:
micah@trapdoor wordpress % docker-compose exec wordpress bash
root@1ba135713d6d:/var/www/html#
Check out the files in the WordPress container.
ls -lhExample:
root@1ba135713d6d:/var/www/html# ls -lh
total 232K
-rw-r--r-- 1 www-data www-data 405 Feb 6 2020 index.php
-rw-r--r-- 1 www-data www-data 20K Jan 1 2022 license.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 www-data www-data 7.3K Mar 22 21:11 readme.html
-rw-r--r-- 1 www-data www-data 7.0K Jan 21 2021 wp-activate.php
drwxr-xr-x 9 www-data www-data 4.0K Jul 12 16:16 wp-admin
-rw-r--r-- 1 www-data www-data 351 Feb 6 2020 wp-blog-header.php
-rw-r--r-- 1 www-data www-data 2.3K Nov 9 2021 wp-comments-post.php
-rw-rw-r-- 1 www-data www-data 5.4K Aug 23 23:37 wp-config-docker.php
-rw-r--r-- 1 www-data www-data 3.0K Dec 14 2021 wp-config-sample.php
-rw-r--r-- 1 www-data www-data 5.5K Aug 28 18:07 wp-config.php
drwxr-xr-x 5 www-data www-data 4.0K Jul 12 16:16 wp-content
-rw-r--r-- 1 www-data www-data 3.9K Apr 28 09:49 wp-cron.php
drwxr-xr-x 26 www-data www-data 16K Jul 12 16:16 wp-includes
-rw-r--r-- 1 www-data www-data 2.5K Mar 19 20:31 wp-links-opml.php
-rw-r--r-- 1 www-data www-data 3.9K Apr 12 01:47 wp-load.php
-rw-r--r-- 1 www-data www-data 48K Apr 29 14:36 wp-login.php
-rw-r--r-- 1 www-data www-data 8.4K Mar 22 16:25 wp-mail.php
-rw-r--r-- 1 www-data www-data 24K Apr 12 09:26 wp-settings.php
-rw-r--r-- 1 www-data www-data 32K Apr 11 11:42 wp-signup.php
-rw-r--r-- 1 www-data www-data 4.7K Apr 11 11:42 wp-trackback.php
-rw-r--r-- 1 www-data www-data 3.2K Jun 8 2020 xmlrpc.php
Let's see what's in wp-config.php:
cat wp-config.phpExample:
root@1ba135713d6d:/var/www/html# cat wp-config.php
<?php
/**
* The base configuration for WordPress
*
* The wp-config.php creation script uses this file during the installation.
* You don't have to use the web site, you can copy this file to "wp-config.php"
* and fill in the values.
*
* This file contains the following configurations:
*
* * Database settings
* * Secret keys
* * Database table prefix
* * ABSPATH
*
* This has been slightly modified (to read environment variables) for use in Docker.
*
* @link https://wordpress.org/support/article/editing-wp-config-php/
*
* @package WordPress
*/
// IMPORTANT: this file needs to stay in-sync with https://github.com/WordPress/WordPress/blob/master/wp-config-sample.php
// (it gets parsed by the upstream wizard in https://github.com/WordPress/WordPress/blob/f27cb65e1ef25d11b535695a660e7282b98eb742/wp-admin/setup-config.php#L356-L392)
// a helper function to lookup "env_FILE", "env", then fallback
if (!function_exists('getenv_docker')) {
// https://github.com/docker-library/wordpress/issues/588 (WP-CLI will load this file 2x)
function getenv_docker($env, $default) {
if ($fileEnv = getenv($env . '_FILE')) {
return rtrim(file_get_contents($fileEnv), "\r\n");
}
else if (($val = getenv($env)) !== false) {
return $val;
}
else {
return $default;
}
}
}
// ** Database settings - You can get this info from your web host ** //
/** The name of the database for WordPress */
define( 'DB_NAME', getenv_docker('WORDPRESS_DB_NAME', 'wordpress') );
/** Database username */
define( 'DB_USER', getenv_docker('WORDPRESS_DB_USER', 'example username') );
/** Database password */
define( 'DB_PASSWORD', getenv_docker('WORDPRESS_DB_PASSWORD', 'example password') );
/**
* Docker image fallback values above are sourced from the official WordPress installation wizard:
* https://github.com/WordPress/WordPress/blob/f9cc35ebad82753e9c86de322ea5c76a9001c7e2/wp-admin/setup-config.php#L216-L230
* (However, using "example username" and "example password" in your database is strongly discouraged. Please use strong, random credentials!)
*/
/** Database hostname */
define( 'DB_HOST', getenv_docker('WORDPRESS_DB_HOST', 'mysql') );
/** Database charset to use in creating database tables. */
define( 'DB_CHARSET', getenv_docker('WORDPRESS_DB_CHARSET', 'utf8') );
/** The database collate type. Don't change this if in doubt. */
define( 'DB_COLLATE', getenv_docker('WORDPRESS_DB_COLLATE', '') );
/**#@+
* Authentication unique keys and salts.
*
* Change these to different unique phrases! You can generate these using
* the {@link https://api.wordpress.org/secret-key/1.1/salt/ WordPress.org secret-key service}.
*
* You can change these at any point in time to invalidate all existing cookies.
* This will force all users to have to log in again.
*
* @since 2.6.0
*/
define( 'AUTH_KEY', getenv_docker('WORDPRESS_AUTH_KEY', '46edecbb34e8de68911318ccf8df68fe61908830') );
define( 'SECURE_AUTH_KEY', getenv_docker('WORDPRESS_SECURE_AUTH_KEY', '697b9513ce1c9864f6611c732ee13ade7bdae9e8') );
define( 'LOGGED_IN_KEY', getenv_docker('WORDPRESS_LOGGED_IN_KEY', '64104bef0443b4ea26401d89ad66a7b95cc4c993') );
define( 'NONCE_KEY', getenv_docker('WORDPRESS_NONCE_KEY', '25c86eaf78f2760183eab6348049481390613059') );
define( 'AUTH_SALT', getenv_docker('WORDPRESS_AUTH_SALT', '7799a3619c478e747853e0dff993700cb8deb8ea') );
define( 'SECURE_AUTH_SALT', getenv_docker('WORDPRESS_SECURE_AUTH_SALT', '87e3bfe026c4674588e40285c304157d7c66a527') );
define( 'LOGGED_IN_SALT', getenv_docker('WORDPRESS_LOGGED_IN_SALT', '436cfc5d65cd47ae084a0b702620bbed05f9dab0') );
define( 'NONCE_SALT', getenv_docker('WORDPRESS_NONCE_SALT', 'd154627689453325c946d67ce0599c7be6ad192e') );
// (See also https://wordpress.stackexchange.com/a/152905/199287)
/**#@-*/
/**
* WordPress database table prefix.
*
* You can have multiple installations in one database if you give each
* a unique prefix. Only numbers, letters, and underscores please!
*/
$table_prefix = getenv_docker('WORDPRESS_TABLE_PREFIX', 'wp_');
/**
* For developers: WordPress debugging mode.
*
* Change this to true to enable the display of notices during development.
* It is strongly recommended that plugin and theme developers use WP_DEBUG
* in their development environments.
*
* For information on other constants that can be used for debugging,
* visit the documentation.
*
* @link https://wordpress.org/support/article/debugging-in-wordpress/
*/
define( 'WP_DEBUG', !!getenv_docker('WORDPRESS_DEBUG', '') );
/* Add any custom values between this line and the "stop editing" line. */
// If we're behind a proxy server and using HTTPS, we need to alert WordPress of that fact
// see also https://wordpress.org/support/article/administration-over-ssl/#using-a-reverse-proxy
if (isset($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PROTO']) && strpos($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PROTO'], 'https') !== false) {
$_SERVER['HTTPS'] = 'on';
}
// (we include this by default because reverse proxying is extremely common in container environments)
if ($configExtra = getenv_docker('WORDPRESS_CONFIG_EXTRA', '')) {
eval($configExtra);
}
/* That's all, stop editing! Happy publishing. */
/** Absolute path to the WordPress directory. */
if ( ! defined( 'ABSPATH' ) ) {
define( 'ABSPATH', __DIR__ . '/' );
}
/** Sets up WordPress vars and included files. */
require_once ABSPATH . 'wp-settings.php';
In your first terminal, press CTRL-C to stop the containers.