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paquTianQiTu.py
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'''
实现在中央气象台批量下载天气图，并分类存放在各自文件夹中
'''
import os
import time
import requests
from selenium import webdriver
## 导入 selenium 的浏览器驱动接口
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.service import Service
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from webdriver_manager.chrome import ChromeDriverManager
from webdriver_manager.firefox import GeckoDriverManager
from webdriver_manager.microsoft import EdgeChromiumDriverManager
bigmonth = ['01', '03', '04', '05', '07', '08', '10', '12']
levels = [
# '/html/body/div[2]/div/div[2]/div[1]/div[1]/div[2]/ul/li[1]/a',
# '/html/body/div[2]/div/div[2]/div[1]/div[1]/div[2]/ul/li[2]/a',
# '/html/body/div[2]/div/div[2]/div[1]/div[1]/div[2]/ul/li[3]/a',
# '/html/body/div[2]/div/div[2]/div[1]/div[1]/div[2]/ul/li[4]/a',
'/html/body/div[2]/div/div[2]/div[1]/div[1]/div[2]/ul/li[5]/a',
# '/html/body/div[2]/div/div[2]/div[1]/div[1]/div[2]/ul/li[6]/a',
# '/html/body/div[2]/div/div[2]/div[1]/div[1]/div[2]/ul/li[7]/a']
]
levels1 = ['500hPa']
# levels1 = ['地面', '925hPa', '850hPa', '700hPa', '500hPa', '200hPa', '100hPa']
area = [
# '/html/body/div[2]/div/div[2]/div[1]/div[1]/div[1]/ul/li[1]/a',
'/html/body/div[2]/div/div[2]/div[1]/div[1]/div[1]/ul/li[2]/a']
area1 = ['亚欧']
# area1 = ['中国', '亚欧']
###################################################打开驱动浏览器软件，并打开网页#############################################
# try:
# with open('PaquTianqiTu_config.txt', 'r') as a:
# f = open('PaquTianqiTu_config.txt', 'r')
# path = f.readline()
# f.close()
# f = open(path, 'r')
# webnum = f.readline()[:-1]
# picturepath = f.readline()
# except:
# print("第一次使用吗？Y/n")
# while True:
# a = input()
# if a == 'n' or a == 'N' or a == 'no' or a == 'No':
# print('找不到程序配置文件，需遵守下面的操作重新配置。')
# break
# if a == 'Y' or a == 'y' or a == 'yes' or a == 'Yes':
# print('请遵守下面的操作开始配置。')
# break
# print('输入错误，请重新输入。')
# print('①请输入配置文件所需在的路径 (格式为：d:\\path\\path1)。')
# print('ps:尽量不要选择 C 盘下的路径，除非确保有权限在 C 盘写入文件。')
# while True:
# inputpath = input()
# configpath = inputpath + '\\' + 'PaquTianqiTu_config.txt'
# if inputpath[1:3] != ':\\':
# print("输入错误，注意格式为：d:\\path\\path1")
# continue
# try:
# if not os.path.exists(inputpath):
# os.makedirs(inputpath)
# f = open(configpath, 'w')
# f.close()
# break
# except:
# print("输入错误，注意格式为：d:\\path\\path1")
# print('\n')
# print('②输入你所使用的浏览器，输入序号即可')
# print('Edge(微软自带)\t1')
# print('FireFox(火狐)\t2')
# print('Chrome(谷歌)\t3')
# while True:
# webnumber = input()
# if webnumber == '1' or webnumber == '2' or webnumber == '3':
# break
# print("输入错误，请输入阿拉伯数字")
# print('\n')
# print('③输入图片的存放路径')
# print('注意格式与上面的路径一样')
# while True:
# picturepath = input()
# if picturepath[1:3] != ':\\':
# print('输入错误，请重新输入。')
# continue
# try:
# if not os.path.exists(picturepath):
# os.makedirs(picturepath)
# f = open(picturepath + '\\' + 'hh.txt', 'w')
# f.close()
# os.remove(picturepath + '\\' + 'hh.txt')
# break
# except:
# print('输入错误，请重新输入。')
# print('\n')
# f = open("PaquTianqiTu_config.txt", 'w')
# f.write(configpath)
# f.close()
# f = open(configpath, 'w')
# f.write(webnumber)
# f.write('\n')
# f.write(picturepath)
# f.close()
# print('配置结束，谢谢 ^_^ ')
picturepath='d:\\picture'
webnum='1'
if webnum == '1':
# Edge
service = Service(executable_path=EdgeChromiumDriverManager().install())
print(dir(service))
print(service.path)
driver = webdriver.Edge(service.path)
if webnum == '2':
# FireFox
service = Service(executable_path=GeckoDriverManager().install())
driver = webdriver.Firefox(service=service)
if webnum == '3':
# Chrome
service = Service(executable_path=ChromeDriverManager().install())
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
# #加载浏览器驱动
driver.get('http://www.nmc.cn/publish/observations/china/dm/weatherchart-h000.htm')
# #打开天气图页面
driver.maximize_window()
time.sleep(2) # 休息
#######################################################################################################################
for area_i in area:
########################################选择模块####################################################################
########### 模拟鼠标选择高度层
button1 = driver.find_element(by=By.XPATH, value=area_i)
# 通过 link 文字精确定位元素
action = ActionChains(driver).move_to_element(button1)
# 鼠标悬停在一个元素上
action.click(button1).perform()
# 鼠标单击
time.sleep(2)
# 注意加等待时间，避免因速度太快而失败
####################################################################################################################
for levels_i in levels:
########################################选择模块##################################################################
########### 模拟鼠标选择高度层
button1 = driver.find_element(by=By.XPATH, value=levels_i)
# 通过 link 文字精确定位元素
action = ActionChains(driver).move_to_element(button1)
# 鼠标悬停在一个元素上
action.click(button1).perform()
# 鼠标单击
time.sleep(2)
# 注意加等待时间，避免因速度太快而失败
####################################################################################################################
list = driver.find_elements(by=By.XPATH, value='//*[@id="mCSB_1_container"]/div') ##存放天气图各个时刻一起的 Xpath 路径
for path in list: ##依次读取下载存放天气图
img_url = path.find_element(by=By.XPATH, value='.').get_attribute('data-img') # 在网页源码的同一级下 用 .
img_name = path.find_element(by=By.XPATH, value='.').get_attribute('data-img')
img_name = img_name[-37:-25] #### 截取到日期方便后面命名存放
img_name_year = img_name[:4]
img_name_month = img_name[4:6]
img_name_day = img_name[6:8]
img_name_hour = str(int(img_name[8:12]) + 10800) ###转换成北京时间，并且为了小时分钟显示 0000 这样的格式，加了 10800，后面再截取
####对日期的处理，有些加了八小时变成北京时间之后，日期会发生改变，下面就是对日期在闰年、非闰年，大小月等情况时的处理
if int(img_name_hour) > 12400:
img_name_day = str(int(img_name_day) + 101)
img_name_day = img_name_day[1:3]
img_name_hour = str(int(img_name_hour) - 2400)
img_name_hour = img_name_hour[1:5]
if int(img_name_year) % 4 == 0 and int(img_name_year) % 100 != 0: ####闰年的判定
if img_name_month == '02':
if int(img_name_day) > 29:
img_name_day = '01'
if img_name_month in bigmonth:
if int(img_name_day) > 31:
if img_name_month == '12':
img_name_month = '01'
else:
img_name_month = str(int(img_name_month) + 101)[1:]
img_name_day = '01'
else:
if int(img_name_day) > 30:
img_name_month = str(int(img_name_month) + 101)[1:]
img_name_day = '01'
else:
if img_name_month == '02':
if int(img_name_day) > 28:
img_name_day = '01'
if img_name_month in bigmonth:
if int(img_name_day) > 31:
if img_name_month == '12':
img_name_month = '01'
else:
img_name_month = str(int(img_name_month) + 101)[1:]
img_name_day = '01'
else:
if int(img_name_day) > 30:
img_name_month = str(int(img_name_month) + 101)[1:]
img_name_day = '01'
else:
img_name_hour = img_name_hour[1:5]
page = requests.get(img_url) #### 在链接中找到图片
img = page.content #### 存取二进制的图片
'''
你存放文件的路径
'''
img_name_uppath = picturepath + '\\' + area1[area.index(area_i)] + '\\' + levels1[levels.index(
levels_i)] + '\\' + img_name_year + '\\' + img_name_month ###前面的 'd:\\picture\\'可以改成自己存放图片的路径
if not os.path.exists(img_name_uppath): ####创建多级目录，在不存在这个目录的情况下
os.makedirs(img_name_uppath)
img_name_path = img_name_uppath + '\\' + img_name_year + '_' + img_name_month + '_' + img_name_day + '_' + img_name_hour + '.jpg'
with open(img_name_path, mode='wb') as f:
f.write(img)
end = time.time()