diff --git a/pkg/providers/kube/kube.go b/pkg/providers/kube/kube.go
index 89acea2..eef4245 100644
--- a/pkg/providers/kube/kube.go
+++ b/pkg/providers/kube/kube.go
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	_ "embed"
 	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
 
 	"cuelang.org/go/cue"
 	"cuelang.org/go/cue/cuecontext"
@@ -198,7 +199,11 @@ func ApplyInParallel(ctx context.Context, params *ApplyInParallelParams) (*Apply
 // Patch patch CR in cluster.
 func Patch(ctx context.Context, params *providertypes.Params[cue.Value]) (cue.Value, error) {
 	handlers := getHandlers(params.RuntimeParams)
-	val := params.Params.LookupPath(cue.ParsePath("value"))
+	parameter := params.Params.LookupPath(cue.ParsePath("$params"))
+	if !parameter.Exists() {
+		return cue.Value{}, fmt.Errorf("$params not found")
+	}
+	val := parameter.LookupPath(cue.ParsePath("value"))
 	obj := new(unstructured.Unstructured)
 	b, err := val.MarshalJSON()
 	if err != nil {
@@ -211,7 +216,7 @@ func Patch(ctx context.Context, params *providertypes.Params[cue.Value]) (cue.Va
 	if key.Namespace == "" {
 		key.Namespace = "default"
 	}
-	cluster, err := params.Params.LookupPath(cue.ParsePath("cluster")).String()
+	cluster, err := parameter.LookupPath(cue.ParsePath("cluster")).String()
 	if err != nil {
 		return cue.Value{}, err
 	}
@@ -220,7 +225,7 @@ func Patch(ctx context.Context, params *providertypes.Params[cue.Value]) (cue.Va
 		return cue.Value{}, err
 	}
 	baseVal := cuecontext.New().CompileString("").FillPath(cue.ParsePath(""), obj)
-	patcher := params.Params.LookupPath(cue.ParsePath("patch"))
+	patcher := parameter.LookupPath(cue.ParsePath("patch"))
 
 	base, err := model.NewBase(baseVal)
 	if err != nil {
diff --git a/pkg/providers/kube/kube_test.go b/pkg/providers/kube/kube_test.go
index fba9791..49f1409 100644
--- a/pkg/providers/kube/kube_test.go
+++ b/pkg/providers/kube/kube_test.go
@@ -163,19 +163,21 @@ var _ = Describe("Test Workflow Provider Kube", func() {
 		Expect(err).ToNot(HaveOccurred())
 
 		v := cuecontext.New().CompileString(`
-value: {
-	apiVersion: "v1"
-	kind:       "Pod"
-	metadata: name: "test-app-1"
-}
-cluster: ""
-patch: {
-	metadata: name: "test-app-1"
-	spec: {
-		containers: [{
-			// +patchStrategy=retainKeys
-			image: "nginx:notfound"
-		}]
+$params: {
+	value: {
+		apiVersion: "v1"
+		kind:       "Pod"
+		metadata: name: "test-app-1"
+	}
+	cluster: ""
+	patch: {
+		metadata: name: "test-app-1"
+		spec: {
+			containers: [{
+				// +patchStrategy=retainKeys
+				image: "nginx:notfound"
+			}]
+		}
 	}
 }
 `)
diff --git a/pkg/providers/util/util.go b/pkg/providers/util/util.go
index 0f05900..bac4f7c 100644
--- a/pkg/providers/util/util.go
+++ b/pkg/providers/util/util.go
@@ -43,17 +43,21 @@ type PatchVars struct {
 
 // PatchK8sObject patch k8s object
 func PatchK8sObject(_ context.Context, params *providertypes.Params[cue.Value]) (cue.Value, error) {
-	base, err := model.NewBase(params.Params.LookupPath(cue.ParsePath("value")))
+	parameter := params.Params.LookupPath(cue.ParsePath("$params"))
+	if !parameter.Exists() {
+		return cue.Value{}, fmt.Errorf("$params not found")
+	}
+	base, err := model.NewBase(parameter.LookupPath(cue.ParsePath("value")))
 	if err != nil {
 		return cue.Value{}, err
 	}
-	if err = base.Unify(params.Params.LookupPath(cue.ParsePath("patch"))); err != nil {
-		return params.Params.FillPath(cue.ParsePath("err"), err.Error()), nil
+	if err = base.Unify(parameter.LookupPath(cue.ParsePath("patch"))); err != nil {
+		return params.Params.FillPath(value.FieldPath("$returns", "err"), err.Error()), nil
 	}
 
 	workload, err := base.Compile()
 	if err != nil {
-		return params.Params.FillPath(cue.ParsePath("err"), err.Error()), nil
+		return params.Params.FillPath(value.FieldPath("$returns", "err"), err.Error()), nil
 	}
 	return params.Params.FillPath(value.FieldPath("$returns", "result"), params.Params.Context().CompileBytes(workload)), nil
 }
diff --git a/pkg/providers/util/util_test.go b/pkg/providers/util/util_test.go
index 134c16a..863e5f2 100644
--- a/pkg/providers/util/util_test.go
+++ b/pkg/providers/util/util_test.go
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ spec: template: metadata: name: "test-patchStrategy"`,
 		t.Run(name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			r := require.New(t)
 			res, err := PatchK8sObject(ctx, &providertypes.Params[cue.Value]{
-				Params: cuectx.CompileString(tc.value),
+				Params: cuectx.CompileString(fmt.Sprintf("$params:{%s}", tc.value)),
 			})
 			if tc.expectedErr != nil {
 				r.Equal(tc.expectedErr.Error(), err.Error())