diff --git a/source/main.cpp b/source/main.cpp
index c331048..ec98594 100644
--- a/source/main.cpp
+++ b/source/main.cpp
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
 #include <math.h>
 
 #include <string>
@@ -20,13 +21,29 @@
 
 int main(int argc, char* argv[])
 {
-	Host *host = new Host(780, 780);
+	//default to full resolution
+	int windowWidth = 0;
+	int windowHeight = 0;
+	int opt;
+
+	while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, "w:h:")) != -1) {
+    	switch (opt) {
+    		case 'w': windowWidth = (int)strtol(optarg, NULL, 10); break;
+    		case 'h': windowHeight = (int)strtol(optarg, NULL, 10); break;
+        }
+    }
+
+	printf("windowWidth: %d\n", windowWidth);
+	printf("windowHeight: %d\n", windowHeight);
+
+	Host *host = new Host(windowWidth, windowHeight);
 	PicoRam *memory = new PicoRam();
 	Audio *audio = new Audio(memory);
 
 	Logger_Initialize(host->logFilePrefix());
-	
+	Logger_Write("initializing Vm\n");
 	Vm *vm = new Vm(host, memory, nullptr, nullptr, audio);
+	
 
 	host->setUpPaletteColors();
 	host->oneTimeSetup(audio);
@@ -36,14 +53,7 @@ int main(int argc, char* argv[])
 	host->unpackCarts();
 	#endif
 
-	Logger_Write("initializing Vm\n");
-
-	bool vmInitResult = vm->Initialize();
-
-	if (!vmInitResult) {
-		Logger_Write("vm init failed\n");
-		return 1;
-	}
+	
 	
 	Logger_Write("initialized Vm and host\n");
 
@@ -63,8 +73,11 @@ int main(int argc, char* argv[])
 	}
 	#else
 	if (argc > 1) {
-		cart = argv[1];
-		loadCart = true;
+		//ugly hack for backward compat - single argument. w/h need to be passed after
+		if (argv[1][0] != '-') {
+			cart = argv[1];
+			loadCart = true;
+		}
 	}
 	#endif
 
diff --git a/source/vm.cpp b/source/vm.cpp
index 4c8176c..e26b045 100644
--- a/source/vm.cpp
+++ b/source/vm.cpp
@@ -37,6 +37,149 @@ using namespace z8;
 static const char DefaultCartName[] = "__FAKE08-DEFAULT.p8";
 static const char SettingsCartName[] = "__FAKE08-SETTINGS.p8";
 
+bool _initializeLuaState(lua_State* luaState) {
+    // initialize Lua interpreter
+    
+    // load Lua base libraries (print / math / etc)
+    luaL_openlibs(luaState);
+    lua_pushglobaltable(luaState);
+
+    //system
+    //must be registered before loading globals for pause menu to work
+    lua_register(luaState, "__listcarts", listcarts);
+    lua_register(luaState, "__getbioserror", getbioserror);
+    lua_register(luaState, "__loaddefaultcart", loaddefaultcart);
+    lua_register(luaState, "__loadsettingscart", loadsettingscart);
+    lua_register(luaState, "__togglepausemenu", togglepausemenu);
+    lua_register(luaState, "__resetcart", resetcart);
+    //lua_register(luaState, "load", load);
+	
+    //settings
+    lua_register(luaState, "__getsetting", getsetting);
+    lua_register(luaState, "__setsetting", setsetting);
+    
+    lua_register(luaState, "__installpackins", installpackins);
+    
+    //label
+    lua_register(luaState, "__loadlabel", loadlabel);
+    
+    lua_register(luaState, "__getlualine", getlualine);
+    
+    //register global functions first, they will get local aliases when
+    //the rest of the api is registered
+    //graphics
+    lua_register(luaState, "cls", cls);
+    lua_register(luaState, "pset", pset);
+    lua_register(luaState, "pget", pget);
+    lua_register(luaState, "color", color);
+    lua_register(luaState, "line", line);
+    lua_register(luaState, "tline", tline);
+    lua_register(luaState, "circ", circ);
+    lua_register(luaState, "circfill", circfill);
+    lua_register(luaState, "oval", oval);
+    lua_register(luaState, "ovalfill", ovalfill);
+    lua_register(luaState, "rect", rect);
+    lua_register(luaState, "rectfill", rectfill);
+    lua_register(luaState, "print", print);
+    lua_register(luaState, "cursor", cursor);
+    lua_register(luaState, "spr", spr);
+    lua_register(luaState, "sspr", sspr);
+    lua_register(luaState, "fget", fget);
+    lua_register(luaState, "fset", fset);
+    lua_register(luaState, "sget", sget);
+    lua_register(luaState, "sset", sset);
+    lua_register(luaState, "camera", camera);
+    lua_register(luaState, "clip", clip);
+
+    lua_register(luaState, "pal", pal);
+    lua_register(luaState, "palt", palt);
+
+    lua_register(luaState, "mget", mget);
+    lua_register(luaState, "mset", mset);
+    lua_register(luaState, "map", gfx_map);
+    lua_register(luaState, "mapdraw", gfx_map);
+
+    //stubbed in graphics:
+    lua_register(luaState, "fillp", fillp);
+
+    //input
+    lua_register(luaState, "btn", btn);
+    lua_register(luaState, "btnp", btnp);
+
+    lua_register(luaState, "time", time);
+    lua_register(luaState, "t", time);
+
+    //audio:
+    lua_register(luaState, "music", music);
+    lua_register(luaState, "sfx", sfx);
+
+    //memory
+    lua_register(luaState, "cstore", cstore);
+    lua_register(luaState, "memcpy", api_memcpy);
+    lua_register(luaState, "memset", api_memset);
+    lua_register(luaState, "peek", peek);
+    lua_register(luaState, "poke", poke);
+    lua_register(luaState, "peek2", peek2);
+    lua_register(luaState, "poke2", poke2);
+    lua_register(luaState, "peek4", peek4);
+    lua_register(luaState, "poke4", poke4);
+    lua_register(luaState, "reload", reload);
+    lua_register(luaState, "reset", reset);
+
+    //cart data
+    lua_register(luaState, "cartdata", cartdata);
+    lua_register(luaState, "dget", dget);
+    lua_register(luaState, "dset", dset);
+
+    //
+    lua_register(luaState, "printh", printh);
+    lua_register(luaState, "stat", stat);
+    lua_register(luaState, "_update_buttons", _update_buttons);
+    lua_register(luaState, "run", run);
+    lua_register(luaState, "extcmd", extcmd);
+    lua_register(luaState, "_set_fps", setFps);
+
+    //rng
+    lua_register(luaState, "rnd", rnd);
+    lua_register(luaState, "srand", srand);
+
+    //load in global lua fuctions for pico 8- part of this is setting a local variable
+    //with the same name as all the globals we just registered
+    //auto convertedGlobalLuaFunctions = convert_emojis(p8GlobalLuaFunctions);
+    
+    auto convertedP8Bios = charset::utf8_to_pico8(p8Bios);
+    
+    int loadedBiosResult = luaL_dostring(luaState, convertedP8Bios.c_str());
+
+    if (loadedBiosResult != LUA_OK) {
+        Logger_Write("ERROR loading pico 8 bios\n");
+        Logger_Write("Error: %s\n", lua_tostring(luaState, -1));
+        lua_pop(luaState, 1);
+
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // Push the eris.init_persist_all function on the top of the lua stack (or nil if it doesn't exist)
+    // we call this function to establish the default global state of things not to save in the save state
+    // needs to be called after globals are loaded but before the cart is run, or _init is called
+    //TODO: move these calls to the glue code?
+    lua_getglobal(luaState, "eris");
+	lua_getfield(luaState, -1, "init_persist_all");
+
+    if (lua_pcall(luaState, 0, 0, 0)){
+        Logger_Write("Error setting up lua persistence: %s\n", lua_tostring(luaState, -1));
+        lua_pop(luaState, 1);
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    //pop the eris.init_persist_all fuction off the stack now that we're done with it
+    lua_pop(luaState, 1);
+
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+
 Vm::Vm(
     Host* host,
     PicoRam* memory,
@@ -87,6 +230,27 @@ Vm::Vm(
     initPicoApi(_memory, _graphics, _input, this, _audio);
     //initGlobalApi(_graphics);
 
+    //reset memory (may have to be more selective about zeroing out to be accurate?)
+    _memory->Reset();
+
+    //seed rng
+    auto now = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
+    api_srand(fix32::frombits((int32_t)now.time_since_epoch().count()));
+
+    //set graphics state
+    _graphics->color();
+    _graphics->clip();
+    _graphics->pal();
+
+    //reset audio
+    _audio->resetAudioState();
+
+    _luaState = luaL_newstate();
+
+    lua_setpico8memory(_luaState, (uint8_t *)&_memory->data);
+
+    _initializeLuaState(_luaState);
+
 }
 
 Vm::~Vm(){
@@ -115,181 +279,6 @@ PicoRam* Vm::getPicoRam(){
 jmp_buf place;
 bool abortLua;
 
-bool Vm::Initialize() {
-    _picoFrameCount = 0;
-
-    _cartdataKey = "";
-
-    //reset memory (may have to be more selective about zeroing out to be accurate?)
-    _memory->Reset();
-
-    //seed rng
-    auto now = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
-    api_srand(fix32::frombits((int32_t)now.time_since_epoch().count()));
-
-    //set graphics state
-    _graphics->color();
-    _graphics->clip();
-    _graphics->pal();
-
-    //reset audio
-    _audio->resetAudioState();
-
-    _cartChangeQueued = false;
-    abortLua = false;
-
-    // initialize Lua interpreter
-    _luaState = luaL_newstate();
-
-    lua_setpico8memory(_luaState, (uint8_t *)&_memory->data);
-    // load Lua base libraries (print / math / etc)
-    luaL_openlibs(_luaState);
-    lua_pushglobaltable(_luaState);
-
-    //system
-    //must be registered before loading globals for pause menu to work
-    lua_register(_luaState, "__listcarts", listcarts);
-    lua_register(_luaState, "__getbioserror", getbioserror);
-    lua_register(_luaState, "__loaddefaultcart", loaddefaultcart);
-    lua_register(_luaState, "__loadsettingscart", loadsettingscart);
-    lua_register(_luaState, "__togglepausemenu", togglepausemenu);
-    lua_register(_luaState, "__resetcart", resetcart);
-    //lua_register(_luaState, "load", load);
-	
-    //settings
-    lua_register(_luaState, "__getsetting", getsetting);
-    lua_register(_luaState, "__setsetting", setsetting);
-    
-    lua_register(_luaState, "__installpackins", installpackins);
-    
-    //label
-    lua_register(_luaState, "__loadlabel", loadlabel);
-    
-    lua_register(_luaState, "__getlualine", getlualine);
-    
-    //register global functions first, they will get local aliases when
-    //the rest of the api is registered
-    //graphics
-    lua_register(_luaState, "cls", cls);
-    lua_register(_luaState, "pset", pset);
-    lua_register(_luaState, "pget", pget);
-    lua_register(_luaState, "color", color);
-    lua_register(_luaState, "line", line);
-    lua_register(_luaState, "tline", tline);
-    lua_register(_luaState, "circ", circ);
-    lua_register(_luaState, "circfill", circfill);
-    lua_register(_luaState, "oval", oval);
-    lua_register(_luaState, "ovalfill", ovalfill);
-    lua_register(_luaState, "rect", rect);
-    lua_register(_luaState, "rectfill", rectfill);
-    lua_register(_luaState, "print", print);
-    lua_register(_luaState, "cursor", cursor);
-    lua_register(_luaState, "spr", spr);
-    lua_register(_luaState, "sspr", sspr);
-    lua_register(_luaState, "fget", fget);
-    lua_register(_luaState, "fset", fset);
-    lua_register(_luaState, "sget", sget);
-    lua_register(_luaState, "sset", sset);
-    lua_register(_luaState, "camera", camera);
-    lua_register(_luaState, "clip", clip);
-
-    lua_register(_luaState, "pal", pal);
-    lua_register(_luaState, "palt", palt);
-
-    lua_register(_luaState, "mget", mget);
-    lua_register(_luaState, "mset", mset);
-    lua_register(_luaState, "map", gfx_map);
-    lua_register(_luaState, "mapdraw", gfx_map);
-
-    //stubbed in graphics:
-    lua_register(_luaState, "fillp", fillp);
-
-    //input
-    lua_register(_luaState, "btn", btn);
-    lua_register(_luaState, "btnp", btnp);
-
-    lua_register(_luaState, "time", time);
-    lua_register(_luaState, "t", time);
-
-    //audio:
-    lua_register(_luaState, "music", music);
-    lua_register(_luaState, "sfx", sfx);
-
-    //memory
-    lua_register(_luaState, "cstore", cstore);
-    lua_register(_luaState, "memcpy", api_memcpy);
-    lua_register(_luaState, "memset", api_memset);
-    lua_register(_luaState, "peek", peek);
-    lua_register(_luaState, "poke", poke);
-    lua_register(_luaState, "peek2", peek2);
-    lua_register(_luaState, "poke2", poke2);
-    lua_register(_luaState, "peek4", peek4);
-    lua_register(_luaState, "poke4", poke4);
-    lua_register(_luaState, "reload", reload);
-    lua_register(_luaState, "reset", reset);
-
-    //cart data
-    lua_register(_luaState, "cartdata", cartdata);
-    lua_register(_luaState, "dget", dget);
-    lua_register(_luaState, "dset", dset);
-
-    //
-    lua_register(_luaState, "printh", printh);
-    lua_register(_luaState, "stat", stat);
-    lua_register(_luaState, "_update_buttons", _update_buttons);
-    lua_register(_luaState, "run", run);
-    lua_register(_luaState, "extcmd", extcmd);
-    lua_register(_luaState, "_set_fps", setFps);
-
-    //rng
-    lua_register(_luaState, "rnd", rnd);
-    lua_register(_luaState, "srand", srand);
-
-    //load in global lua fuctions for pico 8- part of this is setting a local variable
-    //with the same name as all the globals we just registered
-    //auto convertedGlobalLuaFunctions = convert_emojis(p8GlobalLuaFunctions);
-    
-    auto convertedP8Bios = charset::utf8_to_pico8(p8Bios);
-    
-    int loadedBiosResult = luaL_dostring(_luaState, convertedP8Bios.c_str());
-
-    if (loadedBiosResult != LUA_OK) {
-        _cartLoadError = "ERROR loading pico 8 bios";
-        Logger_Write("ERROR loading pico 8 bios\n");
-        Logger_Write("Error: %s\n", lua_tostring(_luaState, -1));
-        lua_pop(_luaState, 1);
-
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    // Push the eris.init_persist_all function on the top of the lua stack (or nil if it doesn't exist)
-    // we call this function to establish the default global state of things not to save in the save state
-    // needs to be called after globals are loaded but before the cart is run, or _init is called
-    //TODO: move these calls to the glue code?
-    lua_getglobal(_luaState, "eris");
-	lua_getfield(_luaState, -1, "init_persist_all");
-
-    if (lua_pcall(_luaState, 0, 0, 0)){
-        Logger_Write("Error setting up lua persistence: %s\n", lua_tostring(_luaState, -1));
-        lua_pop(_luaState, 1);
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    //pop the eris.init_persist_all fuction off the stack now that we're done with it
-    lua_pop(_luaState, 1);
-
-    
-
-    if (abortLua) {
-        //trigger closing of cart and reload of bios
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    _cartLoadError = "";
-
-    return true;
-
-}
 
 bool Vm::loadCart(Cart* cart) {
     _picoFrameCount = 0;
diff --git a/source/vm.h b/source/vm.h
index 1be5236..a940c9d 100644
--- a/source/vm.h
+++ b/source/vm.h
@@ -67,8 +67,6 @@ class Vm {
        Audio* audio = nullptr);
     ~Vm();
 
-    bool Initialize();
-
     void LoadBiosCart();
     
     void LoadSettingsCart();