feat(python): add leet code 140, 2109

Author: jerodg

check.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+# Find all directories containing "leet_code" folder
+roots=()
+for dir in */; do
+    if [ -d "${dir}leet_code" ]; then
+        roots+=("${dir%/}")
+    fi
+done
+
+if [ ${#roots[@]} -eq 0 ]; then
+    echo "No directories containing 'leet_code' folder found."
+    exit 1
+fi
+
+# Create associative array to store all unique numeric filenames
+declare -A all_files
+# Create associative array to track which roots are missing which files
+declare -A missing_files
+
+# First pass: collect all numeric filenames
+for root in "${roots[@]}"; do
+    while IFS= read -r file; do
+        # Extract basename without extension
+        base=$(basename "$file")
+        filename="${base%.*}"
+        # Check if filename contains only digits
+        if [[ $filename =~ ^[0-9]+$ ]]; then
+            all_files[$filename]=1
+        fi
+    done < <(find "${root}/leet_code" -type f 2>/dev/null)
+done
+
+# Second pass: check which files are missing from each root
+for filename in "${!all_files[@]}"; do
+    missing=""
+    for root in "${roots[@]}"; do
+        # Check if any file with this numeric base exists (regardless of extension)
+        if ! ls "${root}/leet_code/${filename}".* >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+            if [ -z "$missing" ]; then
+                missing="$root"
+            else
+                missing="$missing, $root"
+            fi
+        fi
+    done
+    if [ ! -z "$missing" ]; then
+        missing_files[$filename]="$missing"
+    fi
+done
+
+# Output results
+if [ ${#missing_files[@]} -eq 0 ]; then
+    echo "All roots contain the same numeric files."
+else
+    echo "Missing files by root:"
+    echo "----------------------"
+    # Sort the filenames numerically
+    while IFS= read -r filename; do
+        if [ -n "${missing_files[$filename]}" ]; then
+            echo "File $filename missing from: ${missing_files[$filename]}"
+        fi
+    done < <(printf "%s\n" "${!missing_files[@]}" | sort -n)
+fi

python/.idea/codeStyles/codeStyleConfig.xml

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+3.13

python/.idea/misc.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+"""Copyright ©2010-2024 <a href="https://github.com/jerodg/">JerodG</a>.
+
+This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the
+Server Side Public License (SSPL) as published by MongoDB, Inc., either version 1 of the License,
+or (at your option) any later version.
+
+This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without
+even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the SSPL
+for more details.
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or
+substantial portions of the Software. You should have received a copy of the SSPL along with this
+program. If not, see SSPL.
+"""
+import copy
+
+
+class TrieNode:
+    """A node in the Trie data structure used to store words."""
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        """Initializes a TrieNode with an empty dictionary for children and a boolean to mark the end of a word."""
+        self.children = {}
+        self.word = False
+
+    def add_word(self, word: str) -> None:
+        """
+        Adds a word to the Trie.
+
+        Args:
+            word (str): The word to be added to the Trie.
+        """
+        cur = self
+        for c in word:
+            if c not in cur.children:
+                cur.children[c] = TrieNode()
+            cur = cur.children[c]
+        cur.word = True
+
+
+class Solution:
+    """A class to solve the problem of word segmentation using a Trie and depth-first search."""
+
+    def wordBreak(self, s: str, word_dict: list[str]) -> list[str]:
+        """
+        Finds all possible sentences that can be formed by segmenting the string `s` using words from `word_dict`.
+
+        Args:
+            s (str): The input string to be segmented.
+            word_dict (list[str]): A list of valid words for segmentation.
+
+        Returns:
+            list[str]: A list of all possible sentences formed by valid segmentations.
+        """
+        root = TrieNode()
+        for w in word_dict:
+            root.add_word(w)
+
+        res = []
+
+        def dfs(i: int, node: TrieNode, word: str, a: list[str], flag: bool = False) -> None:
+            """
+            Performs depth-first search to find all valid segmentations.
+
+            Args:
+                i (int): The current index in the string `s`.
+                node (TrieNode): The current node in the Trie.
+                word (str): The current word being formed.
+                a (list[str]): The current list of words formed so far.
+                flag (bool): A flag indicating if a valid word has been formed.
+            """
+            if i == len(s):
+                if flag:
+                    res.append(" ".join(a))
+                return
+
+            if s[i] not in node.children:
+                return
+
+            word += s[i]
+            node = node.children[s[i]]
+
+            if node.word:
+                a1 = copy.copy(a)
+                a1.append(word)
+                dfs(i + 1, root, '', a1, flag=True)
+
+            dfs(i + 1, node, word, a)
+
+        dfs(0, root, '', [])
+
+        return res

python/.idea/python.iml

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+"""Copyright ©2010-2024 <a href="https://github.com/jerodg/">JerodG</a>.
+
+This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the
+Server Side Public License (SSPL) as published by MongoDB, Inc., either version 1 of the License,
+or (at your option) any later version.
+
+This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without
+even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the SSPL
+for more details.
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or
+substantial portions of the Software. You should have received a copy of the SSPL along with this
+program. If not, see SSPL.
+"""
+
+
+class Solution:
+    """A class to solve the problem of adding spaces at specified positions in a string."""
+
+    def addSpaces(self, s: str, spaces: List[int]) -> str:
+        """
+        Inserts spaces into the string `s` at the positions specified in the list `spaces`.
+
+        Args:
+            s (str): The input string where spaces need to be added.
+            spaces (List[int]): A list of indices where spaces should be inserted.
+
+        Returns:
+            str: The modified string with spaces inserted at the specified positions.
+        """
+        index, result = 0, []
+
+        for space in spaces:
+            # Append the substring from the current index to the space index
+            result.append(s[index: space])
+            # Update the index to the current space position
+            index = space
+
+        # Append the remaining part of the string after the last space
+        result.append(s[index:])
+
+        # Join all parts with a space and return the final string
+        return ' '.join(result)

python/.python-version

@@ -1,109 +1,12 @@
 [project]
-name = "python-code-challenges"
-version = "0.4.0"
-description = "Code Challenges"
+name = "python"
+version = "0.1.0"
+description = "Add your description here"
 readme = "README.md"
-license-files = { paths = ["../LICENSE.adoc"] }
-requires-python = ">= 3.12"
-authors = [{ name = "JerodG", email = "[email protected]" }]
-dependencies = [
-]
-
-
-[build-system]
-requires = ["hatchling"]
-build-backend = "hatchling.build"
-
-
-[tool.rye]
-managed = true
-dev-dependencies = [
-    "pytest>=8.0.2",
-    "pytest-benchmark>=4.0.0",
-    "pytest-cov>=4.1.0",
-]
-
-
-[[tool.rye.sources]]
-name = "default"
-url = "https://pypi.org/simple/"
-
-
-[tool.hatch.metadata]
-allow-direct-references = true
+requires-python = ">=3.13"
+dependencies = []
 
-
-[tool.hatch.build.targets.wheel]
-packages = ["code_wars/", "hackerrank/", "leetcode/"]
-
-
-[tool.ruff]
-# Exclude a variety of commonly ignored directories.
-exclude = [
-    ".bzr",
-    ".direnv",
-    ".eggs",
-    ".git",
-    ".git-rewrite",
-    ".hg",
-    ".ipynb_checkpoints",
-    ".mypy_cache",
-    ".nox",
-    ".pants.d",
-    ".pyenv",
-    ".pytest_cache",
-    ".pytype",
-    ".ruff_cache",
-    ".svn",
-    ".tox",
-    ".venv",
-    ".vscode",
-    "__pypackages__",
-    "_build",
-    "buck-out",
-    "build",
-    "dist",
-    "node_modules",
-    "site-packages",
-    "venv",
-    ".idea",
-    ".venv"
+[dependency-groups]
+dev = [
+    "ruff>=0.8.1",
 ]
-
-line-length = 120
-fix = true
-indent-width = 4
-target-version = "py312"
-include = ["*.py"]
-respect-gitignore = true
-
-
-
-[tool.ruff.lint]
-# Enable Pyflakes (`F`) and a subset of the pycodestyle (`E`)  codes by default.
-# Unlike Flake8, Ruff doesn't enable pycodestyle warnings (`W`) or
-# McCabe complexity (`C901`) by default.
-select = ["E4", "E7", "E9", "F", "W", "C901", "C"]
-ignore = []
-preview = true
-task-tags = ["TODO", "FIXME"]
-# Allow fix for all enabled rules (when `--fix`) is provided.
-fixable = ["ALL"]
-unfixable = []
-# Allow unused variables when underscore-prefixed.
-dummy-variable-rgx = "^(_+|(_+[a-zA-Z0-9_]*[a-zA-Z0-9]+?))$"
-
-[tool.ruff.format]
-quote-style = "single"
-indent-style = "space"
-skip-magic-trailing-comma = true
-line-ending = "lf"
-docstring-code-format = true
-docstring-code-line-length = 100
-
-
-[tool.pytest.ini_options]
-minversion = "6.0"
-addopts = "-ra -q"
-testpaths = ["tests"]
-markers = ["random: marks tests as random (deselect with '-m \"not random\"')"]