电脑/python/Flask/flask-restful.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<!-- 2016-07-30 六 23:06 -->
<meta  charset="utf-8">
<meta  name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<title>flask-restful</title>
<meta  name="generator" content="Org-mode">
<meta  name="author" content="万泽(德山书生)">
<meta  name="description" content="制作者邮箱：a358003542@gmail.com"
>
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<h1 class="title">flask-restful</h1>
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<h2>Table of Contents</h2>
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<ul>
<li><a href="#orgheadline1">1. org模式入门</a></li>
</ul>
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<div class="outline-2">
<h2 id="orgheadline1">org模式入门</h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-1">
<p>
然后flask0.7版本之后新加入了 <code>MethodView</code> 类，如下所示:
</p>

<pre>
class UserAPI(MethodView):

    def get(self, user_id):
        if user_id is None:
            # return a list of users
            pass
        else:
            # expose a single user
            pass

    def post(self):
        # create a new user
        pass

    def delete(self, user_id):
        # delete a single user
        pass

    def put(self, user_id):
        # update a single user
        pass
</pre>

<p>
这已经很方便就能编写出restful api接口了，但实际编写restfulapi推荐使用 flask-restful 这个插件。具体使用参看官方文档的这个例子:
</p>
<pre>
from flask import Flask
from flask_restful import Resource, Api

app = Flask(__name__)
api = Api(app)

class HelloWorld(Resource):
    def get(self):
        return {'hello': 'world'}

api.add_resource(HelloWorld, '/')

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(debug=True)
</pre>

<p>
注意一下几点:
</p>
<ol class="org-ol">
<li>返回的是字典类型，该插件会自动jsonify处理的。</li>
<li><code>api.add_resource(ClassName,'/resname/&lt;path:path&gt;',endpoint='resname')</code> ，endpoint定义了这个restfulapi的视图函数的endpoint值，然后你可以用 <code>url_for</code> 来快速生成对应的URL。</li>
<li>该类中的方法其实等同于之前谈及的flask的视图函数，所以request session等这些变量也是可以使用的（存疑？）。</li>
<li>你可以这样:</li>
</ol>
<pre>
class FoldersAPI(Resource):
    def __init__(self):
        parser = reqparse.RequestParser()
        parser.add_argument('name')
        parser.add_argument('description')
        parser.add_argument('apikey')
        self.args = parser.parse_args()
        if self.args.get('apikey'):
            g.apikey = self.args.get('apikey')
</pre>
<p>
来给你的restfulapi endpoint 刷入一些参数，如果没设置参数，则该 <code>self.args['name']</code> 就是默认值 None。这些参数在后面的视图函数 get post之类中都是可以使用的。这个 <code>reqparse</code> 来自:
</p>
<pre>
from flask_restful import reqparse
</pre>

<p>
你可以看到其使用和 argparse 模块很接近。如果你熟悉python的argparse模块，那么可以毫不费力的来直接使用了。
</p>

<p>
如果你要刷入一个列表，则需要如下设置:
</p>
<pre>
parser.add_argument('name', action='append')
</pre>

<p>
你还可以利用其从flask的request对象上刷值:
</p>
<pre>
parser.add_argument('name', type=int, location='form')
</pre>
<p>
这个我还不太清楚，似乎我们应该这样把之前提及的request变量刷的值引入进来。这样这套api也是可以为视图层所使用了。
</p>


<p>
具体例子请参看我写的 <a href="https://github.com/a358003542/flask-examples">flask-examples</a> 那里，具体是 restfulapi.py 。
</p>

<p>
更多内容请参看官方文档。这个插件的官方文档的中文翻译版本可以在这里 <a href="http://flask-restful-cn.readthedocs.org/zh/latest/quickstart.html">阅读</a> 。
</p>
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