电脑/linux/svn/svn基础.html

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<body>
<div id="content">
<header>
<h1 class="title">svn基础</h1>
</header><nav id="table-of-contents">
<h2>Table of Contents</h2>
<div id="text-table-of-contents">
<ul>
<li><a href="#orgheadline2">1. 前言</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#orgheadline1">1.1. 安装</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#orgheadline3">2. 管理员新建一个仓库</a></li>
<li><a href="#orgheadline4">3. 客户端检出仓库</a></li>
<li><a href="#orgheadline6">4. 客户端将某个文件或文件夹加入索引</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#orgheadline5">4.1. <code>--force</code></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#orgheadline7">5. 客户端提交本地修改</a></li>
<li><a href="#orgheadline8">6. 更新服务器仓库的修改到本地</a></li>
<li><a href="#orgheadline9">7. 文件夹约定</a></li>
<li><a href="#orgheadline10">8. 一般客户端的工作流程</a></li>
<li><a href="#orgheadline11">9. 参考资料</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</nav>


<div class="outline-2">
<h2 id="orgheadline2">前言</h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-1">
<p>
svn版本控制是一种基于client/server模型很自然的发展，其中server在svn中是一个很重要的概念。而git相比svn更加的去中心化了，这种去中心化是有代价的，那就是git相比svn更加复杂了。
</p>

<p>
本文只讨论linux下的使用情况。然后作者写这篇文章的时候已经有一定的git使用经验了，可能本文并不适合对版本控制没有任何概念的读者。
</p>
</div>


<div class="outline-3">
<h3 id="orgheadline1">安装</h3>
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-1-1">
<p>
在windwos下推荐使用 <a href="http://tortoisesvn.net/">tortoisesvn</a> ，就是那只萌哒哒的乌龟。
</p>

<p>
在ubuntu下则是:
</p>
<pre>
sudo apt-get install subversion
</pre>

<p>
centos下是:
</p>
<pre>
sudo yum install subversion
</pre>

<p>
一般用户就使用svn命令，读者可以使用 <code>svn --help</code> 来简单看一下用法。和管理员操作相关的还有两个命令 <code>svnadmin</code> 和 <code>svnserve</code> ，同样可用 <code>--help</code> 来看一下用法。
</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>


<div class="outline-2">
<h2 id="orgheadline3">管理员新建一个仓库</h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-2">
<pre>
svnadmin create testsvn
</pre>
</div>
</div>


<div class="outline-2">
<h2 id="orgheadline4">客户端检出仓库</h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-3">
<p>
客户端第一次和服务器交互，需要使用checkout命令来检出仓库。
</p>

<pre>
svn checkout theurl
</pre>
</div>
</div>


<div class="outline-2">
<h2 id="orgheadline6">客户端将某个文件或文件夹加入索引</h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-4">
<p>
客户端将某个文件或文件夹加入索引:
</p>

<pre>
svn add doc
</pre>
<p>
这里将文件夹doc里面的所有内容加入索引。
</p>
</div>

<div class="outline-3">
<h3 id="orgheadline5"><code>--force</code></h3>
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-4-1">
<p>
如果某个文件夹内某些文件已经add了某些文件还没有add，然后你希望这个文件夹里面所有的文件都add进去，那么可以通过加上选项 <code>--force</code> 来达到这个目的。
</p>

<pre>
svn add --force doc
</pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>

<div class="outline-2">
<h2 id="orgheadline7">客户端提交本地修改</h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-5">
<p>
客户端提交本地修改使用commit命令。
</p>
<pre>
svn commit -m 'say something'
</pre>
</div>
</div>


<div class="outline-2">
<h2 id="orgheadline8">更新服务器仓库的修改到本地</h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-6">
<p>
更新服务器仓库的修改到本地，相当于git 的pull命令，svn对应的是update命令。
</p>
<pre>
svn update
</pre>
</div>
</div>


<div class="outline-2">
<h2 id="orgheadline9">文件夹约定</h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-7">
<p>
一般约定trunck是开发主线（相当于git的master），然后branches文件夹是开发支线，然后tags文件夹是标签副本。
</p>
</div>
</div>


<div class="outline-2">
<h2 id="orgheadline10">一般客户端的工作流程</h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-8">
<ol class="org-ol">
<li>svn update ，将服务器端的最新内容更新到本地</li>
<li>本地修改项目文件，此外还有 <code>svn add；svn delete；svn copy；svn move</code> 。</li>
<li>检视你的修改，svn status ； svn diff。</li>
<li>撤消你的修改，svn revert</li>
<li>发布你的更改，svn commit。</li>
</ol>
</div>
</div>


<div class="outline-2">
<h2 id="orgheadline11">参考资料</h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-9">
<ol class="org-ol">
<li>svn 官方文档 1.7版。</li>
<li>基本的入门信息 <a href="http://www.flyne.org/article/851">这篇网页</a> 介绍得挺好的。</li>
</ol>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>