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Merge pull request #5 from dylanjtuttle/variables
Add support for variables
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‎Cargo.toml

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[package]
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name = "jazzy"
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version = "0.1.0"
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version = "0.2.0"
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edition = "2021"
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# See more keys and their definitions at https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/manifest.html

‎README.md

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# jazzy
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[![Rust](https://github.com/jazzylang/jazzy/actions/workflows/rust-ci.yml/badge.svg)](https://github.com/jazzylang/jazzy/actions/workflows/rust-ci.yml)
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A modern statically typed programming language
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![Jazzy REPL header ASCII art](https://i.imgur.com/aG5ROKh.png)
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A better programming language (than my last one)
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## Installation
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To install jazzy, clone the repository:
@@ -29,9 +31,11 @@ $ jazzy -h
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```
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## Features
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jazzy currently only supports expressions with number and boolean literals. To execute a jazzy expression, either type it out in the REPL and press enter:
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```bash
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=^..^= 1 + 1
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jazzy currently only supports collections of variable assignments and expressions on integers, floating-point numbers, and booleans. To execute a jazzy program, either type it out in the REPL one line at a time:
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```
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=^..^= let x := 1;
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=^..^= x + 1
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2
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=^..^=
@@ -42,237 +46,64 @@ or create a `.jzy` file with a single expression in it:
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1 < 3 and 99 >= 100
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```
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and invoke the compiler on it:
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```bash
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$ jazzy expression.jzy
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false
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```
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### Operators
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#### Addition (`+`)
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| Left Operand | Right Operand | Output |
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|:------------:|:-------------:|:-------:|
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| Integer | Integer | Integer |
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| Float | Float | Float |
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The addition operator takes two numbers and adds them together:
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```
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=^..^= 1 + 2
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3
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```
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#### Subtraction (`-`)
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| Left Operand | Right Operand | Output |
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|:------------:|:-------------:|:-------:|
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| Integer | Integer | Integer |
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| Float | Float | Float |
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The subtraction operator takes two numbers and subtracts them:
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```
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=^..^= 1 - 2
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-1
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```
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#### Multiplication (`*`)
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| Left Operand | Right Operand | Output |
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|:------------:|:-------------:|:-------:|
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| Integer | Integer | Integer |
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| Float | Float | Float |
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The multiplication operator takes two numbers and multiplies them together:
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```
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=^..^= 1 * 2
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2
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```
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#### Division (`/`)
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| Left Operand | Right Operand | Output |
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|:------------:|:-------------:|:-------:|
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| Integer | Integer | Integer |
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| Float | Float | Float |
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The division operator takes two numbers, divides them, and returns the quotient:
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```
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=^..^= 1 / 2
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0
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```
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NOTE: The output of the division operator depends on the type of its operands. If the operands are integers, the division operator performs integer division, which truncates the decimal quotient towards zero in order to return an integer. If the operands are floating-point numbers, the division operator does not alter the decimal quotient:
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```
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=^..^= 1.0 / 2.0
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0.5
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```
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#### Remainder (`%`)
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| Left Operand | Right Operand | Output |
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|:------------:|:-------------:|:-------:|
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| Integer | Integer | Integer |
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| Float | Float | Float |
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The remainder operator takes two numbers, divides them, and returns the remainder:
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```
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=^..^= 1 % 2
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1
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=^..^= 4 % 2
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0
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```
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#### Boolean AND (`and`)
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| Left Operand | Right Operand | Output |
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|:------------:|:-------------:|:-------:|
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| `bool` | `bool` | `bool` |
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The boolean AND operator takes two booleans and produces a boolean representing whether both operands are `true`:
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| Left Operand | Right Operand | Output |
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|:------------:|:-------------:|:-------:|
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| `true` | `true` | `true` |
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| `true` | `false` | `false` |
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| `false` | `true` | `false` |
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| `false` | `false` | `false` |
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```
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=^..^= true and true
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true
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```
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#### Boolean OR (`or`)
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| Left Operand | Right Operand | Output |
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|:------------:|:-------------:|:-------:|
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| `bool` | `bool` | `bool` |
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The boolean OR operator takes two booleans and produces a boolean representing whether either or both operands are `true`:
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| Left Operand | Right Operand | Output |
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|:------------:|:-------------:|:-------:|
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| `true` | `true` | `true` |
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| `true` | `false` | `true` |
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| `false` | `true` | `true` |
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| `false` | `false` | `false` |
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```
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=^..^= true or false
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true
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```
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#### Less Than (`<`)
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| Left Operand | Right Operand | Output |
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|:------------:|:-------------:|:-------:|
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| Integer | Integer | `bool` |
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| Float | Float | `bool` |
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The less than operator takes two numbers and returns a boolean representing whether the first operand was less than the second:
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```
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=^..^= 1 < 2
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true
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=^..^= 1 < 1
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$ jazzy expression.jzy
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false
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```
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#### Less Than Or Equal To (`<=`)
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| Left Operand | Right Operand | Output |
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|:------------:|:-------------:|:-------:|
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| Integer | Integer | `bool` |
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| Float | Float | `bool` |
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The less than or equal to operator takes two numbers and returns a boolean representing whether the first operand was less than or equal to the second:
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```
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=^..^= 1 <= 2
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true
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=^..^= 1 <= 1
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true
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### Variables
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Variables can be declared as such:
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```
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#### Greater Than (`>`)
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| Left Operand | Right Operand | Output |
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|:------------:|:-------------:|:-------:|
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| Integer | Integer | `bool` |
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| Float | Float | `bool` |
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The greater than operator takes two numbers and returns a boolean representing whether the first operand was greater than the second:
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```
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=^..^= 2 > 1
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true
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=^..^= 1 > 1
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false
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let x := 1;
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```
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#### Greater Than Or Equal To (`>=`)
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| Left Operand | Right Operand | Output |
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|:------------:|:-------------:|:-------:|
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| Integer | Integer | `bool` |
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| Float | Float | `bool` |
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The greater than or equal to operator takes two numbers and returns a boolean representing whether the first operand was greater than or equal to the second:
60+
The name of your variable is called an "identifier". The idiomatic style for jazzy variable identifiers is not snake case or camel case, like in a lot of common programming languages, but what many people call "kebab case":
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```
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=^..^= 2 >= 1
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true
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=^..^= 1 >= 1
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true
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let some-variable := 3.14;
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```
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#### Equal To (`==`)
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| Left Operand | Right Operand | Output |
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|:------------:|:-------------:|:-------:|
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| A | A | `bool` |
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An interesting consequence of this decision is that all of our binary operators (think +, -, etc) need to be surrounded by whitespace. Otherwise, we wouldn't know the difference between subtracting a variable `b` from a variable `a` and referencing a variable `a-b`!
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The equal to operator takes two values **of the same type** and returns a boolean representing whether they have the same value:
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```
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=^..^= 1 == 1
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true
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Variables are immutable by default, meaning once you declare them, you cannot assign them a new value.
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=^..^= 1 == 2
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false
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```
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#### Not Equal To (`!=`)
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| Left Operand | Right Operand | Output |
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|:------------:|:-------------:|:-------:|
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| A | A | `bool` |
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![Multiple assignments to immutable variable error](https://i.imgur.com/VkelC0c.png)
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The not equal to operator takes two values **of the same type** and returns a boolean representing whether they do not have the same value:
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To declare a variable as mutable, allowing you to assign it a new value later, simply add a `mut` after the `let`:
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```
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=^..^= 1 != 1
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false
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=^..^= 1 != 2
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true
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let mut x := 1;
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x := 2;
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```
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#### Unary Minus (`-`)
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| Operand | Output |
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|:-------:|:-------:|
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| Integer | Integer |
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| Float | Float |
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The unary minus operator takes a single number and returns the negated value of that number:
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There are lots of situations where the jazzy compiler can figure out what the type of your variable is by itself. However, if you run into a situation where it can't (or you just want to explicitly set it for readability), you can add a type hint:
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```
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=^..^= -1
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-1
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=^..^= --1
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1
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let x (i64) := 1;
25680
```
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258-
#### Unary Boolean NOT (`not`)
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| Operand | Output |
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|:-------:|:-------:|
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| `bool` | `bool` |
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### Types
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263-
The unary boolean NOT operator takes a single boolean and returns the negated value of that boolean:
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```
265-
=^..^= not true
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false
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Speaking of types, jazzy currently has three categories of them: booleans, integers, and floating-point numbers.
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268-
=^..^= not not true
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true
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```
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#### Booleans
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| Type | Description |
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|:----:|:-----------:|
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| bool | Boolean |
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272-
### Literals
273-
There are four kinds of literal values you can use in jazzy expressions:
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There are two boolean literals: `true` and `false`.
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#### Integers
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| Type | Description |
95+
|:----:|:------------------------:|
96+
| i8 | Signed 8-bit integer |
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| i16 | Signed 16-bit integer |
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| i32 | Signed 32-bit integer |
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| i64 | Signed 64-bit integer |
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| i128 | Signed 128-bit integer |
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| u8 | Unsigned 8-bit integer |
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| u16 | Unsigned 16-bit integer |
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| u32 | Unsigned 32-bit integer |
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| u64 | Unsigned 64-bit integer |
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| u128 | Unsigned 128-bit integer |
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Integer literal values can be represented in three bases:
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```c
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// Base 10 (decimal)
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1
293124
```
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#### Floating-Point Numbers
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#### Floating point numbers
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| Type | Description |
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|:----:|:------------:|
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| f32 | 32-bit float |
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| f64 | 64-bit float |
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Floating-point literal values can be represented in two ways:
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```c
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// Traditional
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31400000000
312148
```
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314-
#### Boolean
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There are two boolean literal values, `true` and `false`.
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317150
### Comments
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Comments can be used to explain your code, and are ignored by the compiler, so they have no effect on how your code runs. There are two types of comments:
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```

‎src/infrastructure/error.rs

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@@ -71,6 +71,9 @@ pub enum ErrorType {
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IllegalImplicitCastError,
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IncompatibleTypesError,
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OverflowError,
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UnexpectedTokenError,
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UnrecognizedIdentifierError,
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MultipleAssignmentError,
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}
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7679
impl ErrorType {
@@ -99,6 +102,9 @@ impl ErrorType {
99102
ErrorType::IllegalImplicitCastError => format!("[E0010] {}", self.description()),
100103
ErrorType::IncompatibleTypesError => format!("[E0011] {}", self.description()),
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ErrorType::OverflowError => format!("[E0012] {}", self.description()),
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ErrorType::UnexpectedTokenError => format!("[E0013] {}", self.description()),
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ErrorType::UnrecognizedIdentifierError => format!("[E0014] {}", self.description()),
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ErrorType::MultipleAssignmentError => format!("[E0015] {}", self.description()),
102108
}
103109
}
104110

@@ -121,6 +127,11 @@ impl ErrorType {
121127
ErrorType::IllegalImplicitCastError => String::from("Illegal implicit cast"),
122128
ErrorType::IncompatibleTypesError => String::from("Incompatible types"),
123129
ErrorType::OverflowError => String::from("Integer overflow"),
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ErrorType::UnexpectedTokenError => String::from("Unexpected token"),
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ErrorType::UnrecognizedIdentifierError => String::from("Unrecognized identifier"),
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ErrorType::MultipleAssignmentError => {
133+
String::from("Multiple assignments to immutable variable")
134+
}
124135
}
125136
}
126137
}
@@ -233,6 +244,8 @@ impl ConsoleErrorReporter {
233244
self.has_error = false;
234245
self.error_num = 0;
235246
self.warning_num = 0;
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self.errors_reported = vec![];
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self.warnings_reported = vec![];
236249
}
237250

238251
fn report(&mut self, error_type: ErrorType, messages: Vec<ErrorMessage>, hint: Option<String>) {

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