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HIP 115: Redefining the MOBILE Maker Approval Process

  • Author: Andy Zyvoloski & the Helium Foundation
  • Contributor: Groot
  • Start Date: 2024-03-25
  • Category: Technical, Economic
  • Original HIP PR: #921
  • Tracking Issue: #957
  • Voting Requirements: veMOBILE Holders

Summary

This Helium Improvement Proposal (HIP) defines the approval process and requirements for Manufacturers of MOBILE CBRS Hotspots and Access Points (MOBILE Makers) to get and retain a Maker Key, which will allow their Hotspots and Access Points to be onboarded.

Previous Related HIPs

  • HIP 19 documents the current requirements manufacturers must undergo to be approved for a Maker Key
  • HIP 53 lays out the foundation and requirements for MOBILE Makers to produce equipment eligible to work with the Helium 5G Network.
  • HIP 96 introduces new onboarding fees for Wi-Fi Access Points

Motivation

HIP 53 lays out the foundation and requirements that MOBILE Makers adhere to in order to produce equipment eligible to work with the Helium MOBILE Network. These requirements include manufactures:

  • Create a MOBILE Maker NFT in their maker account
  • Deposit a minimum Stake of 50M MOBILE in their maker account
  • Obtain MOBILE Network governance approval

In the case of Bobcat and Nebra, both have produced a 5G Hotspot; however, neither have satisfied either requirements above.

Stakeholders

  • MOBILE Makers - Manufacturers wishing to create MOBILE network compatible hardware will be required to adhere to the requirements within this HIP.
  • MOBILE Deployers - MOBILE deployers who purchase MOBILE network equipment from non-compliant MOBILE Makers may be unable to onboard their equipment, and will need to request a refund with the manufacturer.

Detailed Explanation

This HIP imposes the Helium Foundation, to authorize a MOBILE Maker Account and award a Maker Key, after the Maker has setup the Maker accounts with suitable stake and onboard funds and satisfied the below requirements. Please note, that approval of this HIP will also serve as Nova Labs' subnetwork governance approval.

Requirements

  1. Propose a HIP to become a MOBILE Maker
  2. Work with the Helium Foundation and Firmware developers to ensure their firmware is compatible
  3. Complete and publish penetration testing results of hardware
  4. Provide evidence to the Helium Foundation they have the source of liquidity to provide the required stake
  5. The HIP goes to vote and approval is granted based on current thresholds required for MOBILE governance (today, 67% approval and 100,000,000 veMOBILE vote power)
  6. The Maker creates a Solana Maker account, mints a Maker NFT, and stakes a bond of MOBILE tokens (currently specified as 50,000,000 through HIP-53).
  7. The Maker provides a copy of the Makers secure boot key in an escrow wallet held by the foundation
  8. The Maker must have the following initial minimum balances within their Maker Onboarding Wallet:
  • 4,000 USDC (Or same value of suitable tokens for onboarding 100 hotspots)
  • 2 SOL
  • 1 MOBILE

When these requirements are met, the Helium Foundation will request the Helium Program Multisig to issue a MakerApprovalV0 transaction to allow the maker to issue and onboard Hotspots. In the case of Bobcat and Nebra, both have produced a MOBILE CBRS Hotspot; however, neither have satisfied the staking or governance approval requirements. Therefore, 30 days after the passing of this HIP, the Helium Foundation will revoke the maker approval on-chain, and change their API keys off-chain, which will prevent any more Hotspots from being onboarded from those makers.

USDC maintained within the Maker Onboarding Wallet will automatically be swapped/converted to MOBILE/HNT/DC, and then subsequently burned for each onboard.

The MOBILE Maker may only have one staked Maker Account and one Maker Onboarding wallet per 50M stake.

  • The Maker Account holds the Maker NFT and staked funds and the maker has no access to this.
  • The Maker Onboarding Wallet holds the tokens used for onboarding.

Ongoing MOBILE Maker Requirements

As a part of this HIP, MOBILE Makers will be required to keep a minimum balance of tokens within their Maker Onboarding Wallet. The minimum balance was calculated to support at least 100 onboards for the highest onboarding fee ($40), and will be the same regardless of what type of device the Maker produces.

Minimum Balance Requirements

Required Solana Balance Required USDC Balance Required MOBILE Balance
0.5 SOL 4,000 USDC 1 MOBILE

MOBILE Maker Slashing

A smart contract will be created to automatically slash the MOBILE Makers 50M stake if that MOBILE Maker does not maintain the minimum balances identified above. If the MOBILE Makers onboarding wallet balance goes below the minimum threshold defined in this HIP, they will have 1 epoch to replenish their wallet before slashing occurs. If the onboarding wallet stays below the minimum threshold on the 2nd epoch, the smart contract will automatically burn 0.10% (50,000 MOBILE) of the 50M MOBILE stake. For each epoch that the onboarding wallet stays below the minimum balance, the percentage burned will increase by 0.01. For example, if a MOBILE Makers onboarding wallet is below the minimum balance, on the second epoch, 0.10% of the stake balance will be burned, on the third epoch, 0.11% of the remaining stake will be burned, on the fourth epoch, 0.12% of the remaining stake will be burned, and so on. If the balance is replenished above the minimum, and then falls again, the slash will reset to 0.10%.

The Helium Foundation and/or the MOBILE subnetwork may make a request, which must be approved by the subnetwork, to slash the stake of MOBILE Makers if the MOBILE Maker fails to add software support or updates for essential operations, such as adding Passpoint profiles of service providers in a timely manner, updating the software on the device if needed, etc. The slash will start at 0.10% on day one, and increase by .01% everyday until the foundation has determined the Maker has taken appropriate steps to remediate the problem.

If the staked MOBILE account balance falls under 30M MOBILE, the Maker Key will be revoked the same epoch the staked balance falls under 30M MOBILE. In order to reactivate their Maker Key, the Maker must replenish the staked balance to at least 50M.

Retirement of a MOBILE Maker

In some instances, MOBILE Makers may wish to stop producing MOBILE devices, and request their stake be returned. In order for the stake to be returned to the MOBILE Maker, the following must occur:

  • The Helium Foundation must conduct an audit to ensure the following:

    • The MOBILE Maker has issued a press release posted on their website that they are ceasing production and sales of said devices
    • The MOBILE Maker has stopped advertising such devices for sale, and will not sell any more to vendors or customers.
    • The MOBILE Maker will produce records that document total sales volume so the amount of sales can be reconciled against devices onboarded.
    • The Maker must transfer over their secure boot signing keys to the Helium Foundation

    Ultimately, the Helium Foundation will have the final say in determining whether the Maker has satisfied the above.

The foundation will then require the onboarding wallet be replenished so at the time of the audit, the Maker Onboarding Wallet holds at least enough tokens so that all remaining devices that have not been onboarded may be onboarded as of that date, plus an extra 1% to cover any swapping fees. For example, if a Maker has a total of 1000 indoor Wi-Fi access points that have yet to be onboarded, they will require to have at least 20,200 USDC within their Maker Escrow Wallet.

After the audit is complete, and the MOBILE Maker Escrow Wallet was funded to support the remaining onboards, the slashing smart contract will be removed, and the stake will be released no sooner than 60 epochs after the above requirements were met. If new information should arise within the 60 epochs that wasn't disclosed during the initial audit, the Helium Foundation may request a new audit.

Migration of MOBILE Maker Wallets to MOBILE Maker Escrow Wallets

In instances where MOBILE Makers already have a pre-existing MOBILE Maker Wallet, all tokens from these wallets will be migrated to the Maker Escrow Wallet. This includes the data credits, which will be allowed a one-time contract endpoint to be transferred to the new program-owned escrow wallet. Further, regardless if a previous wallet will be used at first, a new MOBILE Maker Escrow Wallet must be created with the minimum wallet requirements noted above. The escrow wallet will use all held MOBILE and DC before exhausting its USDC.

Drawbacks

Hotspot Deployers who have yet to onboard their 5G Bobcat CBRS Hotspot will have 30 days after HIP passing to onboard the hotspot. If the Hotspot is not onboarded within 30 days after HIP passing, the Hotspot will never be allowed to be onboarded.

Deployment Impact

Upon HIP passing, the Helium Foundation will need to do the following:

Phase 1

  • 30 epochs after HIP passing, the Helium Foundation will strip any MOBILE Maker’s Maker Key’s that have not been approved by the subDAO and have not staked 50M MOBILE. The removal of the MOBILE Makers key will prevent any more hotspots from that MOBILE Maker from being onboarded.

Phase 2

  • Makers must fund their existing onboarding wallet with the required USDC to meet the requirements of this HIP. Makers will have 30 epochs to supply the required funds, or their maker keys will be revoked.
  • The Helium Foundation will review that all MOBILE makers have met the Requirements listed above.
  • The Helium Foundation will create a new MOBILE Maker Escrow Wallet in which MOBILE Makers will have to deposit funds to onboard their devices, and Makers will not have access to withdraw funds.
  • The Helium Foundation will implement a way for USDC balances to automatically be swapped/converted to MOBILE/HNT/DC at market value, which will then be burned to pay for the MOBILE and DC onboarding fee for each device.

Note that the funds can be gathered into the existing onboarding wallets without the smart contracts having been completed.

Phase 3

  • All mobile onboarding wallets will be migrated to the new MOBILE Maker Escrow Wallets, taking with it all MOBILE, USDC, and DC tokens.
  • The MOBILE Maker Escrow related smart contracts will be deployed
  • All new onboards on the mobile network will happen through the excrow wallet
  • These changes may require a big-bang update to all mobile maker apps

Phase 4

  • The Helium Foundation will create a slashing smart contract to slash the MOBILE stake of MOBILE Makers who do not meet the minimum wallet balances set forward within this HIP.
  • The Helium Foundation will create a way to replenish a stake if it falls below 50M MOBILE.
  • The Helium Foundation will implement a way to withdraw funds in the case of retirement. This withdrawal will require the signoff of the Helium Program Multisig.

If a MOBILE Maker's onboarding wallet falls below the minimum balance thresholds before Phase 3 is implemented, slashing will start on the first epoch of implementation.

After Implementation

  • The Helium Foundation will ensure that the MakerApprovalV0 transaction and Maker Keys will only be issued to MOBILE Makers who have satisfied all requirements noted within this HIP.

Success Metrics:

This HIP is successful when only approved MOBILE Makers are allowed to have their hotspots onboarded to the Helium MOBILE subnetwork.