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631-1189957-gif文件格式的读写.sy.md

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opencv

回忆

  • 上次制作的时钟
    • 数字式
    • 表盘式
  • 在此过程中使用PIL包
    • 使用系统字体 在矩阵中进行了绘画
    • 而且让画面动了起来
  • 可以把动画保存下来吗？🤔

安装包

  • 首先要安装一个读写文件的工具
    • imageio
pip install imageio
  • 安装之后查看帮助

imageio

firefox https://pypi.org/project/imageio/

图片描述

  • 例程显示读写方法
>>> import imageio
>>> im = imageio.imread('imageio:astronaut.png')
>>> im.shape  # im is a numpy array
(512, 512, 3)
>>> imageio.imwrite('astronaut-gray.jpg', im[:, :, 0])
  • 那如何将动画保存成gif格式呢？

黑白闪动的gif图

  • 通过查询可以使用imageio完成
firefox https://github.com/imageio/imageio

图片描述

具体代码

import numpy as np       
import imageio        
import cv2            
from random import randint
black = np.zeros((480,640,3), np.uint8)
white = np.zeros((480,640,3), np.uint8)
white[:] = (255,255,255)
image_lst = []        
image_lst.append(black)
image_lst.append(white)
imageio.mimsave('./test.gif', image_lst, fps=1)
  • 一秒黑，然后一直都是白的
firefox test.gif
  • 可以做彩色闪动的效果吗？

红绿蓝的闪动效果

import numpy as np
import imageio
import cv2
from random import randint
red = np.zeros((480,640,3), np.uint8)
green = np.zeros((480,640,3), np.uint8)
blue = np.zeros((480,640,3), np.uint8)
blue[:] = (0,0,255)
green[:] = (0,255,0)
red[:] = (255,0,0)
image_lst = [red,green,blue]
imageio.mimsave('./test.gif', image_lst, fps=1)
  • 刷新网页
    • 红绿蓝各一秒
    • 然后停止

图片描述

  • 可以无限循环吗？

循环设置

imageio.mimsave('./test.gif', image_lst,duration=0.5,loop=0)
  • 修改最后一句
    • fps 帧频率
    • duration 每帧持续时间
    • loop 循环次数 0为无限

图片描述

  • 刷新网页观察

抖音的基础效果

图片描述

  • 期待效果

图片描述

代码实现

import cv2           
import imageio       
import numpy as np   
from random import randint
before = cv2.imread("/home/shiyanlou/tiktok.jpg")
image_list = []      
for i in range(30):  
    after = np.zeros((300,300,3),np.uint8)
    r = randint(0,50)
    print(r)         
    after[r:300,r:300,0] = before[0:300-r,0:300-r,0]
    after[0:300-r,0:300-r,1] = before[r:300,r:300,1]
    after[0:300-r,0:300-r,2] = before[r:300,r:300,2]
    image_list.append(after)
imageio.mimsave("./test.gif",image_list,fps=30)
  • 问题是方向太过固定
  • 能否更加随机呢？

下面的是抖音完整版

import cv2                                                   
import imageio                                               
import numpy as np                                           
from random import randint                       
before = cv2.imread("/home/shiyanlou/tiktok.jpg")          
image_list = []                                              
for i in range(30):                                          
    after = np.zeros((300,300,3),np.uint8)                   
    r0 = randint(0,50) - 25                                  
    r1 = randint(0,50) - 25                                  
    r2 = randint(0,50) - 25                                  
    r3 = randint(0,50) - 25                                  
    if r0 >= 0 and r1 >= 0:                                  
        after[r0:300,r1:300,0] = before[0:300-r0,0:300-r1,0] 
    elif r0 >=0 and r1<0:                                    
        after[r0:300,0:300+r1,0] = before[0:300-r0,-r1:300,0]
    elif r0<0 and r1>=0:                                     
        after[0:300+r0,r1:300,0] = before[-r0:300,0:300-r1,0]
    else:                                                    
        after[0:300+r0,0:300+r1,0] = before[-r0:300,-r1:300,0]
    if r2 >= 0 and r3 >= 0:                                  
        after[r2:300,r3:300,1:3] = before[0:300-r2,0:300-r3,1:3]
    elif r2 >=0 and r3<0:                                    
        after[r2:300,0:300+r3,1:3] = before[0:300-r2,-r3:300,1:3]
    elif r2<0 and r3>=0:                                     
        after[0:300+r2,r3:300,1:3] = before[-r2:300,0:300-r3,1:3]
    else:                                                    
        after[0:300+r2,0:300+r3,1:3] = before[-r2:300,-r3:300,1:3]
                                                             
    image_list.append(after)                                 
imageio.mimsave("./test.gif",image_list,fps=30)
  • 运行效果

图片描述

  • 可以慢下来 并且看清每次位移吗？

抖音数据

import cv2                                                   
import imageio                                               
import numpy as np                                           
from random import randint   
before = cv2.imread("/home/shiyanlou/tiktok.jpg")
image_list = []                              
for i in range(30):                          
    after = np.zeros((300,300,3),np.uint8)   
    r0 = randint(0,50) - 25                  
    r1 = randint(0,50) - 25                  
    r2 = randint(0,50) - 25                  
    r3 = randint(0,50) - 25                  
    if r0 >= 0 and r1 >= 0:                  
        after[r0:300,r1:300,0] = before[0:300-r0,0:300-r1,0]
    elif r0 >=0 and r1<0:                    
        after[r0:300,0:300+r1,0] = before[0:300-r0,-r1:300,0]
    elif r0<0 and r1>=0:                     
        after[0:300+r0,r1:300,0] = before[-r0:300,0:300-r1,0]
    else:                                    
        after[0:300+r0,0:300+r1,0] = before[-r0:300,-r1:300,0]
    if r2 >= 0 and r3 >= 0:                  
        after[r2:300,r3:300,1:3] = before[0:300-r2,0:300-r3,1:3]
    elif r2 >=0 and r3<0:                    
        after[r2:300,0:300+r3,1:3] = before[0:300-r2,-r3:300,1:3]
    elif r2<0 and r3>=0:                     
        after[0:300+r2,r3:300,1:3] = before[-r2:300,0:300-r3,1:3]
    else:                                    
        after[0:300+r2,0:300+r3,1:3] = before[-r2:300,-r3:300,1:3]
    s = str(r0) + ":" + str(r1) + "," + str(r2) + ":" + str(r3)
    cv2.putText(after,s,(0,80),cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_TRIPLEX,1,(255,255,255),1)
    image_list.append(after)                 
imageio.mimsave("./test.gif",image_list,fps=1)
  • 参数观察

图片描述

总结

  • 这次制作了动图gif
  • 可以设置
    • fps
    • duration
    • loop
  • 以前的动画
    • 应该都可以保存成动图了
  • 动画还有什么好玩的吗？🤔
  • 下次再说👋