diff --git a/src/sentry/preprod/api/endpoints/organization_preprod_artifact_assemble.py b/src/sentry/preprod/api/endpoints/organization_preprod_artifact_assemble.py
index 3238be8c55fe..205b729bd314 100644
--- a/src/sentry/preprod/api/endpoints/organization_preprod_artifact_assemble.py
+++ b/src/sentry/preprod/api/endpoints/organization_preprod_artifact_assemble.py
@@ -35,6 +35,8 @@
     IntegrationProviderSlug.BITBUCKET_SERVER,
 ]
 
+MAX_INSTALL_GROUPS = 16
+
 
 def validate_vcs_parameters(data: dict[str, Any]) -> str | None:
     head_sha = data.get("head_sha")
@@ -80,8 +82,10 @@ def validate_preprod_artifact_schema(request_body: bytes) -> tuple[dict[str, Any
             "release_notes": {"type": "string"},
             "install_groups": {
                 "type": "array",
-                "items": {"type": "string", "maxLength": 255},
+                "items": {"type": "string", "minLength": 1, "maxLength": 255},
                 "minItems": 1,
+                "maxItems": MAX_INSTALL_GROUPS,
+                "uniqueItems": True,
             },
             **VCS_SCHEMA_PROPERTIES,
         },
@@ -94,7 +98,7 @@ def validate_preprod_artifact_schema(request_body: bytes) -> tuple[dict[str, Any
         "chunks": "The chunks field is required and must be provided as an array of 40-character hexadecimal strings.",
         "build_configuration": "The build_configuration field must be a string.",
         "release_notes": "The release_notes field must be a string.",
-        "install_groups": "The install_groups field must be an array of strings, each with maximum length of 255 characters.",
+        "install_groups": f"The install_groups field must contain between 1 and {MAX_INSTALL_GROUPS} unique, non-empty strings, each with a maximum length of 255 characters.",
         **VCS_ERROR_MESSAGES,
     }
 
diff --git a/tests/sentry/preprod/api/endpoints/test_organization_preprod_artifact_assemble.py b/tests/sentry/preprod/api/endpoints/test_organization_preprod_artifact_assemble.py
index 8f49dd2e737e..337838d2ea3c 100644
--- a/tests/sentry/preprod/api/endpoints/test_organization_preprod_artifact_assemble.py
+++ b/tests/sentry/preprod/api/endpoints/test_organization_preprod_artifact_assemble.py
@@ -229,6 +229,57 @@ def test_empty_strings_with_valid_data_filtered_out(self) -> None:
             "build_configuration": "debug",
         }
 
+    def test_maximum_install_groups_allowed(self) -> None:
+        data = {
+            "checksum": "a" * 40,
+            "chunks": [],
+            "install_groups": [f"group-{index}" for index in range(16)],
+        }
+
+        result, error = validate_preprod_artifact_schema(orjson.dumps(data))
+
+        assert error is None
+        assert result == data
+
+    def test_too_many_install_groups_rejected(self) -> None:
+        data = {
+            "checksum": "a" * 40,
+            "chunks": [],
+            "install_groups": [f"group-{index}" for index in range(17)],
+        }
+
+        result, error = validate_preprod_artifact_schema(orjson.dumps(data))
+
+        assert error is not None
+        assert "16" in error
+        assert result == {}
+
+    def test_duplicate_install_groups_rejected(self) -> None:
+        data = {
+            "checksum": "a" * 40,
+            "chunks": [],
+            "install_groups": ["alpha", "alpha"],
+        }
+
+        result, error = validate_preprod_artifact_schema(orjson.dumps(data))
+
+        assert error is not None
+        assert "unique" in error
+        assert result == {}
+
+    def test_empty_install_group_rejected(self) -> None:
+        data = {
+            "checksum": "a" * 40,
+            "chunks": [],
+            "install_groups": ["alpha", ""],
+        }
+
+        result, error = validate_preprod_artifact_schema(orjson.dumps(data))
+
+        assert error is not None
+        assert "non-empty" in error
+        assert result == {}
+
 
 class ValidateVcsParametersTest(TestCase):
     """Unit tests for VCS parameter validation function - no database required."""