Fire smoke not going up #14607

obsalami · 2025-05-05T19:11:23Z

obsalami
May 5, 2025

Hello,

Please I observed that the smoke from my model is flat and horizontal. I expected the smoke too rise up at least a little bit before the smoke starts to descend. Please can anyone tell me why I have this situation?

NB: All the boundaries are OPEN in this model.

mcgratta · 2025-05-05T19:15:04Z

mcgratta
May 5, 2025
Maintainer

Is there a WIND ?

3 replies

obsalami May 5, 2025
Author

Helo Kevin, No wind in the model.

mcgratta May 5, 2025
Maintainer

How about GVEC? If your input file is simple, post it.

obsalami May 5, 2025
Author

BESS_V3.fds
Generated by PyroSim 2024.2.1209
22 avr. 2025, 18 h 37 min 53 s

&HEAD CHID='BESS_V3'/
&TIME T_END=500.0/
&DUMP DT_RESTART=300.0, DT_SL3D=0.25/
&MISC SIMULATION_MODE='LES'/

&MESH ID='MESH-01-01', IJK=25,42,70, XB=-10.0,-3.421053,-1.0,10.0,-10.0,10.0/
&MESH ID='MESH-01-02', IJK=26,42,70, XB=-3.421053,3.421053,-1.0,10.0,-10.0,10.0/
&MESH ID='MESH-01-03', IJK=25,42,70, XB=3.421053,10.0,-1.0,10.0,-10.0,10.0/

&SPEC ID='SFPE POLYURETHANE_GM27_fuel', FORMULA='C1.0H1.7O0.3N0.08'/

&REAC ID='SFPE POLYURETHANE_GM27',
FYI='SFPE Handbook, 5th Edition, Tables A.38 and A.39',
FUEL='SFPE POLYURETHANE_GM27_fuel',
CO_YIELD=0.042,
SOOT_YIELD=0.198,
HEAT_OF_COMBUSTION=1.64E+4,
RADIATIVE_FRACTION=0.537/

&DEVC ID='t_top_temp', QUANTITY='TEMPERATURE', XYZ=-2.67,2.0,1.0/
&DEVC ID='t_top_CO', QUANTITY='VOLUME FRACTION', SPEC_ID='CARBON MONOXIDE', XYZ=-2.67,2.0,1.0/
&DEVC ID='t_top_irritant', QUANTITY='FIC', XYZ=-2.67,2.0,1.0/
&DEVC ID='t_top_FED', QUANTITY='FED', XYZ=-2.67,2.0,1.0/
&DEVC ID='t_top_soot', QUANTITY='VOLUME FRACTION', SPEC_ID='SOOT', XYZ=-2.67,2.0,1.0/
&DEVC ID='t_top_viz', QUANTITY='VISIBILITY', XYZ=-2.67,2.0,1.0/
&DEVC ID='t_2m_temp', QUANTITY='TEMPERATURE', XYZ=-2.67,1.5,1.0/
&DEVC ID='t_2m_Co', QUANTITY='VOLUME FRACTION', SPEC_ID='CARBON MONOXIDE', XYZ=-2.67,1.5,1.0/
&DEVC ID='t_2m_FED', QUANTITY='FED', XYZ=-2.67,1.5,1.0/
&DEVC ID='t_2m_Soot', QUANTITY='VOLUME FRACTION', SPEC_ID='SOOT', XYZ=-2.67,1.5,1.0/
&DEVC ID='t_top_temp01', QUANTITY='TEMPERATURE', XYZ=-4.67,2.0,1.0/
&DEVC ID='t_top_temp02', QUANTITY='TEMPERATURE', XYZ=-6.67,2.0,1.0/
&DEVC ID='t_top_temp03', QUANTITY='TEMPERATURE', XYZ=-8.67,2.0,1.0/
&DEVC ID='t_top_CO01', QUANTITY='VOLUME FRACTION', SPEC_ID='CARBON MONOXIDE', XYZ=-4.67,2.0,1.0/
&DEVC ID='t_top_CO02', QUANTITY='VOLUME FRACTION', SPEC_ID='CARBON MONOXIDE', XYZ=-6.67,2.0,1.0/
&DEVC ID='t_top_CO03', QUANTITY='VOLUME FRACTION', SPEC_ID='CARBON MONOXIDE', XYZ=-8.67,2.0,1.0/
&DEVC ID='t_top_FED01', QUANTITY='FED', XYZ=-4.67,2.0,1.0/
&DEVC ID='t_top_FED02', QUANTITY='FED', XYZ=-6.67,2.0,1.0/
&DEVC ID='t_top_FED03', QUANTITY='FED', XYZ=-8.67,2.0,1.0/
&DEVC ID='t_top_soot01', QUANTITY='VOLUME FRACTION', SPEC_ID='SOOT', XYZ=-4.67,2.0,1.0/
&DEVC ID='t_top_soot02', QUANTITY='VOLUME FRACTION', SPEC_ID='SOOT', XYZ=-6.67,2.0,1.0/
&DEVC ID='t_top_soot03', QUANTITY='VOLUME FRACTION', SPEC_ID='SOOT', XYZ=-8.67,2.0,1.0/
&DEVC ID='t_top_viz01', QUANTITY='VISIBILITY', XYZ=-4.67,2.0,1.0/
&DEVC ID='t_top_viz02', QUANTITY='VISIBILITY', XYZ=-6.67,2.0,1.0/
&DEVC ID='t_top_viz03', QUANTITY='VISIBILITY', XYZ=-8.67,2.0,1.0/
&DEVC ID='t_2m_temp01', QUANTITY='TEMPERATURE', XYZ=-4.67,1.5,1.0/
&DEVC ID='t_2m_temp02', QUANTITY='TEMPERATURE', XYZ=-6.67,1.5,1.0/
&DEVC ID='t_top_FED05', QUANTITY='FED', XYZ=-1.09,2.0,1.0/
&DEVC ID='t_2m_temp03', QUANTITY='TEMPERATURE', XYZ=-8.67,1.5,1.0/
&DEVC ID='t_2m_Co01', QUANTITY='VOLUME FRACTION', SPEC_ID='CARBON MONOXIDE', XYZ=-4.67,1.5,1.0/
&DEVC ID='t_2m_Co02', QUANTITY='VOLUME FRACTION', SPEC_ID='CARBON MONOXIDE', XYZ=-6.67,1.5,1.0/
&DEVC ID='t_2m_Co03', QUANTITY='VOLUME FRACTION', SPEC_ID='CARBON MONOXIDE', XYZ=-8.67,1.5,1.0/
&DEVC ID='t_2m_FED01', QUANTITY='FED', XYZ=-4.67,1.5,1.0/
&DEVC ID='t_2m_FED02', QUANTITY='FED', XYZ=-6.67,1.5,1.0/
&DEVC ID='t_2m_FED03', QUANTITY='FED', XYZ=-8.67,1.5,1.0/
&DEVC ID='t_2m_Soot01', QUANTITY='VOLUME FRACTION', SPEC_ID='SOOT', XYZ=-4.67,1.5,1.0/
&DEVC ID='t_2m_Soot02', QUANTITY='VOLUME FRACTION', SPEC_ID='SOOT', XYZ=-6.67,1.5,1.0/
&DEVC ID='t_2m_Soot03', QUANTITY='VOLUME FRACTION', SPEC_ID='SOOT', XYZ=-8.67,1.5,1.0/
&DEVC ID='t_top_temp04', QUANTITY='TEMPERATURE', XYZ=-1.88,2.0,1.0/
&DEVC ID='t_top_CO04', QUANTITY='VOLUME FRACTION', SPEC_ID='CARBON MONOXIDE', XYZ=-1.88,2.0,1.0/
&DEVC ID='t_top_FED04', QUANTITY='FED', XYZ=-1.88,2.0,1.0/
&DEVC ID='t_top_soot04', QUANTITY='VOLUME FRACTION', SPEC_ID='SOOT', XYZ=-1.88,2.0,1.0/
&DEVC ID='t_top_temp05', QUANTITY='TEMPERATURE', XYZ=-1.09,2.0,1.0/
&DEVC ID='t_top_CO05', QUANTITY='VOLUME FRACTION', SPEC_ID='CARBON MONOXIDE', XYZ=-1.09,2.0,1.0/
&DEVC ID='t_top_soot05', QUANTITY='VOLUME FRACTION', SPEC_ID='SOOT', XYZ=-1.09,2.0,1.0/
&DEVC ID='t_top_temp06', QUANTITY='TEMPERATURE', XYZ=-0.3,2.0,1.0/
&DEVC ID='t_top_CO06', QUANTITY='VOLUME FRACTION', SPEC_ID='CARBON MONOXIDE', XYZ=-0.3,2.0,1.0/
&DEVC ID='t_top_FED06', QUANTITY='FED', XYZ=-0.3,2.0,1.0/
&DEVC ID='t_top_soot06', QUANTITY='VOLUME FRACTION', SPEC_ID='SOOT', XYZ=-0.3,2.0,1.0/
&DEVC ID='t_top_temp07', QUANTITY='TEMPERATURE', XYZ=0.49,2.0,1.0/
&DEVC ID='t_top_CO07', QUANTITY='VOLUME FRACTION', SPEC_ID='CARBON MONOXIDE', XYZ=0.49,2.0,1.0/
&DEVC ID='t_top_FED07', QUANTITY='FED', XYZ=0.49,2.0,1.0/
&DEVC ID='t_top_soot07', QUANTITY='VOLUME FRACTION', SPEC_ID='SOOT', XYZ=0.49,2.0,1.0/
&DEVC ID='t_top_temp08', QUANTITY='TEMPERATURE', XYZ=1.28,2.0,1.0/
&DEVC ID='t_top_CO08', QUANTITY='VOLUME FRACTION', SPEC_ID='CARBON MONOXIDE', XYZ=1.28,2.0,1.0/
&DEVC ID='t_top_FED08', QUANTITY='FED', XYZ=1.28,2.0,1.0/
&DEVC ID='t_top_soot08', QUANTITY='VOLUME FRACTION', SPEC_ID='SOOT', XYZ=1.28,2.0,1.0/
&DEVC ID='heat_flux', QUANTITY='RADIATIVE HEAT FLUX GAS', XYZ=-0.3,1.5,2.5, ORIENTATION=0.0,0.0,-1.0/
&DEVC ID='heat_flux01', QUANTITY='RADIATIVE HEAT FLUX GAS', XYZ=-0.3,1.5,3.5, ORIENTATION=0.0,0.0,-1.0/
&DEVC ID='heat_flux02', QUANTITY='RADIATIVE HEAT FLUX GAS', XYZ=-0.3,1.5,4.5, ORIENTATION=0.0,0.0,-1.0/
&DEVC ID='heat_flux03', QUANTITY='RADIATIVE HEAT FLUX GAS', XYZ=-0.3,1.5,5.5, ORIENTATION=0.0,0.0,-1.0/
&DEVC ID='heat_flux04', QUANTITY='RADIATIVE HEAT FLUX GAS', XYZ=-0.3,1.5,6.5, ORIENTATION=0.0,0.0,-1.0/
&DEVC ID='heat_flux05', QUANTITY='RADIATIVE HEAT FLUX GAS', XYZ=-0.3,1.5,7.5, ORIENTATION=0.0,0.0,-1.0/

&SURF ID='Fire',
COLOR='RED',
HRRPUA=2069.6,
TMP_FRONT=180.0/

&OBST ID='Battery_module', XB=-2.5,-1.71,0.96,1.2,0.0,2.2, COLOR='GRAY 80', THICKEN=.TRUE./
&OBST ID='Battery_module', XB=-2.5,-1.71,1.2,1.44,0.0,2.2, COLOR='GRAY 80', THICKEN=.TRUE./
&OBST ID='Battery_module', XB=-2.5,-1.71,1.44,1.68,0.0,2.2, COLOR='GRAY 80', THICKEN=.TRUE./
&OBST ID='Battery_module', XB=-2.5,-1.71,1.68,1.92,0.0,2.2, COLOR='GRAY 80', THICKEN=.TRUE., SURF_ID6='INERT','INERT','INERT','Fire','INERT','INERT'/
&OBST ID='Battery_module', XB=-2.5,-1.71,0.0,0.24,0.0,2.2, COLOR='GRAY 80', THICKEN=.TRUE./
&OBST ID='Battery_module', XB=-2.5,-1.71,0.24,0.48,0.0,2.2, COLOR='GRAY 80', THICKEN=.TRUE./
&OBST ID='Battery_module', XB=-2.5,-1.71,0.48,0.72,0.0,2.2, COLOR='GRAY 80', THICKEN=.TRUE./
&OBST ID='Battery_module', XB=-2.5,-1.71,0.72,0.96,0.0,2.2, COLOR='GRAY 80', THICKEN=.TRUE./
&OBST ID='Battery_module', XB=-1.71,-0.92,0.96,1.2,0.0,2.2, COLOR='GRAY 80', THICKEN=.TRUE./
&OBST ID='Battery_module', XB=-1.71,-0.92,1.2,1.44,0.0,2.2, COLOR='GRAY 80', THICKEN=.TRUE./
&OBST ID='Battery_module', XB=-1.71,-0.92,1.44,1.68,0.0,2.2, COLOR='GRAY 80', THICKEN=.TRUE./
&OBST ID='Battery_module', XB=-1.71,-0.92,1.68,1.92,0.0,2.2, COLOR='GRAY 80', THICKEN=.TRUE., SURF_ID6='INERT','INERT','INERT','Fire','INERT','INERT'/
&OBST ID='Battery_module', XB=-0.92,-0.13,0.96,1.2,0.0,2.2, COLOR='GRAY 80', THICKEN=.TRUE./
&OBST ID='Battery_module_fire source', XB=-0.92,-0.13,1.2,1.44,0.0,2.2, COLOR='GRAY 80', THICKEN=.TRUE./
&OBST ID='Battery_module', XB=-0.92,-0.13,1.44,1.68,0.0,2.2, COLOR='GRAY 80', THICKEN=.TRUE./
&OBST ID='Battery_module', XB=-0.92,-0.13,1.68,1.92,0.0,2.2, COLOR='GRAY 80', THICKEN=.TRUE., SURF_ID6='INERT','INERT','INERT','Fire','INERT','INERT'/
&OBST ID='Battery_module', XB=-0.13,0.66,0.96,1.2,0.0,2.2, COLOR='GRAY 80', THICKEN=.TRUE./
&OBST ID='Battery_module', XB=-0.13,0.66,1.2,1.44,0.0,2.2, COLOR='GRAY 80', THICKEN=.TRUE./
&OBST ID='Battery_module', XB=-0.13,0.66,1.44,1.68,0.0,2.2, COLOR='GRAY 80', THICKEN=.TRUE./
&OBST ID='Battery_module', XB=-0.13,0.66,1.68,1.92,0.0,2.2, COLOR='GRAY 80', THICKEN=.TRUE., SURF_ID6='INERT','INERT','INERT','Fire','INERT','INERT'/
&OBST ID='Battery_module', XB=0.66,1.45,0.96,1.2,0.0,2.2, COLOR='GRAY 80', THICKEN=.TRUE./
&OBST ID='Battery_module', XB=0.66,1.45,1.2,1.44,0.0,2.2, COLOR='GRAY 80', THICKEN=.TRUE./
&OBST ID='Battery_module', XB=0.66,1.45,1.44,1.68,0.0,2.2, COLOR='GRAY 80', THICKEN=.TRUE./
&OBST ID='Battery_module', XB=0.66,1.45,1.68,1.92,0.0,2.2, COLOR='GRAY 80', THICKEN=.TRUE., SURF_ID6='INERT','INERT','INERT','Fire','INERT','INERT'/
&OBST ID='Battery_module', XB=1.45,2.24,0.96,1.2,0.0,2.2, COLOR='GRAY 80', THICKEN=.TRUE./
&OBST ID='Battery_module', XB=1.45,2.24,1.2,1.44,0.0,2.2, COLOR='GRAY 80', THICKEN=.TRUE./
&OBST ID='Battery_module', XB=1.45,2.24,1.44,1.68,0.0,2.2, COLOR='GRAY 80', THICKEN=.TRUE./
&OBST ID='Battery_module', XB=1.45,2.24,1.68,1.92,0.0,2.2, COLOR='GRAY 80', THICKEN=.TRUE., SURF_ID6='INERT','INERT','INERT','Fire','INERT','INERT'/
&OBST ID='Battery_module', XB=-1.71,-0.92,0.0,0.24,0.0,2.2, COLOR='GRAY 80', THICKEN=.TRUE./
&OBST ID='Battery_module', XB=-1.71,-0.92,0.24,0.48,0.0,2.2, COLOR='GRAY 80', THICKEN=.TRUE./
&OBST ID='Battery_module', XB=-1.71,-0.92,0.48,0.72,0.0,2.2, COLOR='GRAY 80', THICKEN=.TRUE./
&OBST ID='Battery_module', XB=-1.71,-0.92,0.72,0.96,0.0,2.2, COLOR='GRAY 80', THICKEN=.TRUE./
&OBST ID='Battery_module', XB=-0.92,-0.13,0.0,0.24,0.0,2.2, COLOR='GRAY 80', THICKEN=.TRUE./
&OBST ID='Battery_module', XB=-0.92,-0.13,0.24,0.48,0.0,2.2, COLOR='GRAY 80', THICKEN=.TRUE./
&OBST ID='Battery_module', XB=-0.92,-0.13,0.48,0.72,0.0,2.2, COLOR='GRAY 80', THICKEN=.TRUE./
&OBST ID='Battery_module', XB=-0.92,-0.13,0.72,0.96,0.0,2.2, COLOR='GRAY 80', THICKEN=.TRUE./
&OBST ID='Battery_module', XB=-0.13,0.66,0.0,0.24,0.0,2.2, COLOR='GRAY 80', THICKEN=.TRUE./
&OBST ID='Battery_module', XB=-0.13,0.66,0.24,0.48,0.0,2.2, COLOR='GRAY 80', THICKEN=.TRUE./
&OBST ID='Battery_module', XB=-0.13,0.66,0.48,0.72,0.0,2.2, COLOR='GRAY 80', THICKEN=.TRUE./
&OBST ID='Battery_module', XB=-0.13,0.66,0.72,0.96,0.0,2.2, COLOR='GRAY 80', THICKEN=.TRUE./
&OBST ID='Battery_module', XB=0.66,1.45,0.0,0.24,0.0,2.2, COLOR='GRAY 80', THICKEN=.TRUE./
&OBST ID='Battery_module', XB=0.66,1.45,0.24,0.48,0.0,2.2, COLOR='GRAY 80', THICKEN=.TRUE./
&OBST ID='Battery_module', XB=0.66,1.45,0.48,0.72,0.0,2.2, COLOR='GRAY 80', THICKEN=.TRUE./
&OBST ID='Battery_module', XB=0.66,1.45,0.72,0.96,0.0,2.2, COLOR='GRAY 80', THICKEN=.TRUE./
&OBST ID='Battery_module', XB=1.45,2.24,0.0,0.24,0.0,2.2, COLOR='GRAY 80', THICKEN=.TRUE./
&OBST ID='Battery_module', XB=1.45,2.24,0.24,0.48,0.0,2.2, COLOR='GRAY 80', THICKEN=.TRUE./
&OBST ID='Battery_module', XB=1.45,2.24,0.48,0.72,0.0,2.2, COLOR='GRAY 80', THICKEN=.TRUE./
&OBST ID='Battery_module', XB=1.45,2.24,0.72,0.96,0.0,2.2, COLOR='GRAY 80', THICKEN=.TRUE./
&OBST ID='PCS', XB=-2.5,-1.71,-0.24,0.0,0.0,2.2, RGB=204,204,255, THICKEN=.TRUE./
&OBST ID='PCS', XB=-1.71,-0.92,-0.24,0.0,0.0,2.2, RGB=204,204,255, THICKEN=.TRUE./
&OBST ID='PCS', XB=-0.92,-0.13,-0.24,0.0,0.0,2.2, RGB=204,204,255, THICKEN=.TRUE./
&OBST ID='PCS', XB=-0.13,0.66,-0.24,0.0,0.0,2.2, RGB=204,204,255, THICKEN=.TRUE./
&OBST ID='PCS', XB=0.66,1.45,-0.24,0.0,0.0,2.2, RGB=204,204,255, THICKEN=.TRUE./
&OBST ID='PCS', XB=1.45,2.24,-0.24,0.0,0.0,2.2, RGB=204,204,255, THICKEN=.TRUE./
&OBST ID='PCS', XB=-2.5,-1.71,-0.24,0.0,0.0,2.2, RGB=204,204,255, THICKEN=.TRUE./
&OBST ID='PCS', XB=-1.71,-0.92,-0.24,0.0,0.0,2.2, RGB=204,204,255, THICKEN=.TRUE./
&OBST ID='PCS', XB=-0.92,-0.13,-0.24,0.0,0.0,2.2, RGB=204,204,255, THICKEN=.TRUE./
&OBST ID='PCS', XB=-0.13,0.66,-0.24,0.0,0.0,2.2, RGB=204,204,255, THICKEN=.TRUE./
&OBST ID='PCS', XB=0.66,1.45,-0.24,0.0,0.0,2.2, RGB=204,204,255, THICKEN=.TRUE./
&OBST ID='PCS', XB=1.45,2.24,-0.24,0.0,0.0,2.2, RGB=204,204,255, THICKEN=.TRUE./
&OBST ID='PCS', XB=-2.5,-1.71,-0.24,0.0,0.0,2.2, RGB=204,204,255, THICKEN=.TRUE./
&OBST ID='PCS', XB=-1.71,-0.92,-0.24,0.0,0.0,2.2, RGB=204,204,255, THICKEN=.TRUE./
&OBST ID='PCS', XB=-0.92,-0.13,-0.24,0.0,0.0,2.2, RGB=204,204,255, THICKEN=.TRUE./
&OBST ID='PCS', XB=-0.13,0.66,-0.24,0.0,0.0,2.2, RGB=204,204,255, THICKEN=.TRUE./
&OBST ID='PCS', XB=0.66,1.45,-0.24,0.0,0.0,2.2, RGB=204,204,255, THICKEN=.TRUE./
&OBST ID='PCS', XB=1.45,2.24,-0.24,0.0,0.0,2.2, RGB=204,204,255, THICKEN=.TRUE./

&VENT ID='Mesh Vent: MESH-01-01 [XMIN]', SURF_ID='OPEN', XB=-10.0,-10.0,-1.0,10.0,-10.0,10.0/
&VENT ID='Mesh Vent: MESH-01-01 [YMAX]', SURF_ID='OPEN', XB=-10.0,-3.421053,10.0,10.0,-10.0,10.0/
&VENT ID='Mesh Vent: MESH-01-01 [ZMAX]', SURF_ID='OPEN', XB=-10.0,-3.421053,-1.0,10.0,10.0,10.0/
&VENT ID='Mesh Vent: MESH-01-01 [ZMIN]', SURF_ID='OPEN', XB=-10.0,-3.421053,-1.0,10.0,-10.0,-10.0/
&VENT ID='Mesh Vent: MESH-01-02 [YMAX]', SURF_ID='OPEN', XB=-3.421053,3.421053,10.0,10.0,-10.0,10.0/
&VENT ID='Mesh Vent: MESH-01-02 [ZMAX]', SURF_ID='OPEN', XB=-3.421053,3.421053,-1.0,10.0,10.0,10.0/
&VENT ID='Mesh Vent: MESH-01-02 [ZMIN]', SURF_ID='OPEN', XB=-3.421053,3.421053,-1.0,10.0,-10.0,-10.0/
&VENT ID='Mesh Vent: MESH-01-03 [XMAX]', SURF_ID='OPEN', XB=10.0,10.0,-1.0,10.0,-10.0,10.0/
&VENT ID='Mesh Vent: MESH-01-03 [YMAX]', SURF_ID='OPEN', XB=3.421053,10.0,10.0,10.0,-10.0,10.0/
&VENT ID='Mesh Vent: MESH-01-03 [ZMAX]', SURF_ID='OPEN', XB=3.421053,10.0,-1.0,10.0,10.0,10.0/
&VENT ID='Mesh Vent: MESH-01-03 [ZMIN]', SURF_ID='OPEN', XB=3.421053,10.0,-1.0,10.0,-10.0,-10.0/

&SLCF QUANTITY='TEMPERATURE', CELL_CENTERED=.TRUE., ID='Tem', PBX=-0.394737/

&TAIL /

mcgratta · 2025-05-05T19:37:34Z

mcgratta
May 5, 2025
Maintainer

Z is the vertical direction.

4 replies

obsalami May 5, 2025
Author

Hmmm. I see. need to reset my axes. Thank you very much Kevin. Thanks

Vojta-Salek May 5, 2025

Or you can change the direction of gravity (search for GVEC).

obsalami May 5, 2025
Author

Thanks Vojta

drjfloyd May 6, 2025
Collaborator

While you can change GVEC, stratification and particle movement on solids still assumes the Z (K index) direction is vertical. GVEC was implemented mostly for tunnels where the Z direction still vastly dominates GVEC.

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obsalami
May 5, 2025

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obsalami May 5, 2025
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