@article{pias2011epistemology, title={On the epistemology of computer simulation}, author={Pias, Claus}, journal={Zeitschrift f{"u}r Medien-und Kulturforschung}, volume={2011}, number={1}, pages={29--54}, year={2011}, publisher={Felix Meiner Verlag} }
John von Neumann declared the end of the era of »analogy« and »representation« and the dawn of an era of »simulation« p30
The German VDI-guideline 3633 states very simply: »Simulation is the imitation of a system and its dynamic processes in a model capable of experimental deployment in order to generate knowledge [...]. In particular, these processes are developed within a certain time frame.« p31
In short, for my purposes, the term »simulation« means the totality of vari- ous practices and widespread forms of knowledge that have been emerging since 1945 through the new medium of computers
Peter Galison stated that CS indicates a transformation in the understanding of computers in science from mere »tools« to »nature«.
While appropriate programming structures provide virtual environments for »computer experiments«,8 CS establishes a »trading zone« between di erent scienti c disci- plines. These are no longer distinguished by their disparate »objects of inquiry« but coalesce through similar »strategies of practice«.