diff --git a/integration/query_response_compression_test.go b/integration/query_response_compression_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3e981659edb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/integration/query_response_compression_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+//go:build requires_docker
+// +build requires_docker
+
+package integration
+
+import (
+	"compress/gzip"
+	"fmt"
+	"net/http"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+
+	"github.com/cortexproject/cortex/integration/e2e"
+	e2edb "github.com/cortexproject/cortex/integration/e2e/db"
+	"github.com/cortexproject/cortex/integration/e2ecortex"
+)
+
+func TestQueryResponseCompression(t *testing.T) {
+	s, err := e2e.NewScenario(networkName)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	defer s.Close()
+
+	// Start dependencies.
+	consul := e2edb.NewConsul()
+	minio := e2edb.NewMinio(9000, bucketName)
+	require.NoError(t, s.StartAndWaitReady(consul, minio))
+
+	flags := mergeFlags(BlocksStorageFlags(), map[string]string{
+		"-api.response-compression-enabled": "true",
+	})
+
+	distributor := e2ecortex.NewDistributor("distributor", e2ecortex.RingStoreConsul, consul.NetworkHTTPEndpoint(), flags, "")
+	ingester := e2ecortex.NewIngester("ingester", e2ecortex.RingStoreConsul, consul.NetworkHTTPEndpoint(), flags, "")
+	require.NoError(t, s.StartAndWaitReady(distributor, ingester))
+
+	// Wait until the distributor has updated the ring.
+	require.NoError(t, distributor.WaitSumMetrics(e2e.Equals(512), "cortex_ring_tokens_total"))
+
+	// Push series to Cortex.
+	now := time.Now()
+	c, err := e2ecortex.NewClient(distributor.HTTPEndpoint(), "", "", "", "user-1")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	series, _ := generateSeries("series_1", now)
+	res, err := c.Push(series)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.Equal(t, 200, res.StatusCode)
+
+	storeGateway := e2ecortex.NewStoreGateway("store-gateway", e2ecortex.RingStoreConsul, consul.NetworkHTTPEndpoint(), flags, "")
+	querier := e2ecortex.NewQuerier("querier", e2ecortex.RingStoreConsul, consul.NetworkHTTPEndpoint(), flags, "")
+	require.NoError(t, s.StartAndWaitReady(storeGateway, querier))
+
+	// Wait until the querier has updated the ring.
+	require.NoError(t, querier.WaitSumMetrics(e2e.Equals(2*512), "cortex_ring_tokens_total"))
+
+	endpoint := fmt.Sprintf("http://%s/api/prom/api/v1/query?query=series_1", querier.HTTPEndpoint())
+
+	t.Run("Compressed", func(t *testing.T) {
+		req, err := http.NewRequest("GET", endpoint, nil)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		req.Header.Set("X-Scope-OrgID", "user-1")
+		req.Header.Set("Accept-Encoding", "gzip")
+
+		resp, err := http.DefaultClient.Do(req)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		defer resp.Body.Close()
+
+		require.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, resp.StatusCode)
+		require.Equal(t, "gzip", resp.Header.Get("Content-Encoding"))
+
+		gzipReader, err := gzip.NewReader(resp.Body)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		defer gzipReader.Close()
+	})
+
+	t.Run("Uncompressed", func(t *testing.T) {
+		req, err := http.NewRequest("GET", endpoint, nil)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		req.Header.Set("X-Scope-OrgID", "user-1")
+
+		resp, err := http.DefaultClient.Do(req)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		defer resp.Body.Close()
+
+		require.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, resp.StatusCode)
+		require.Empty(t, resp.Header.Get("Content-Encoding"))
+	})
+}