之前在部署arch linux时比较偷懒，没有采用正规的网络设置方法，而是使用脚本来启动有线和无线网络。
- start_lan
sudo wpa_supplicant -c /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant-my_wifi.conf -D wired -i enp0s25 &
sleep 5
sudo dhcpcd enp0s25- start_wifi
sudo ifconfig wlp3s0 down
sleep 1
sudo ifconfig wlp3s0 up
sudo wpa_supplicant -B -c /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant-my_wifi.conf -i wlp3s0
sleep 5
sudo dhcpcd wlp3s0但是我发现发现无线脚本运行时候报错
SIOCSIFFLAGS: Operation not possible due to RF-kill
Successfully initialized wpa_supplicant
rfkill: WLAN soft blocked
dhcpcd-9.2.0 starting
DUID 00:04:62:91:a1:81:51:17:11:cb:b7:60:eb:9e:7a:2e:cc:7b
dhcpcd_prestartinterface: Operation not possible due to RF-kill
wlp3s0: waiting for carrier
timed out
dhcpcd exited为何会出现 rfkill: WLAN soft blocked 报错？
参考 How to unblock something listed in rfkill?
- 检查 rfkill
rfkill list all
显示无线接口存在 Soft blocked
0: tpacpi_bluetooth_sw: Bluetooth
Soft blocked: no
Hard blocked: no
1: hci0: Bluetooth
Soft blocked: no
Hard blocked: no
2: phy0: Wireless LAN
Soft blocked: yes
Hard blocked: no
"Hard blocked" 不能通过软件修改，需要检查是否是硬件开关关闭，例如ThinkPad笔记本的侧边有一个硬件拨动开关可以关闭无线设备
"Soft blocked" 是软件关闭，例如失败的驱动或者内核模块导致连接断开
- 解除block: 这里可以看到无线接口是
2: phy0: Wireless LAN，所以使用这个标号就是2
rfkill unblock 2
- 然后再次
rfkill list all检查就可以看到软件阻断已经关闭
0: tpacpi_bluetooth_sw: Bluetooth
Soft blocked: no
Hard blocked: no
1: hci0: Bluetooth
Soft blocked: no
Hard blocked: no
2: phy0: Wireless LAN
Soft blocked: no
Hard blocked: no
- 再次执行
./start_wifi
但是提示无法从驱动读取 SSID
Successfully initialized wpa_supplicant
wlp3s0: Could not read SSID from driver
dhcpcd-9.2.0 starting
DUID 00:04:62:91:a1:81:51:17:11:cb:b7:60:eb:9e:7a:2e:cc:7b
wlp3s0: waiting for carrier
timed out
dhcpcd exited
我发现可能是我在 /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant-my_wifi.conf 有一个配置影响了SSID获取
ap_scan=0
将这个配置修改成 ap_scan=1 ，即
ctrl_interface=/var/run/wpa_supplicant
ap_scan=1
network={
ssid="my_wifi"
key_mgmt=WPA-EAP
eap=PEAP
phase1="peaplabel=0"
phase2="auth=MSCHAPV2"
identity="my_id"
password="my_passwd"
}然后再执行
sudo wpa_supplicant -c /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant-my_wifi.conf -i wlp3s0
则正常连接成功，此时使用 iwconfig 可以看到
...
wlp3s0 IEEE 802.11 ESSID:"my_wifi"
Mode:Managed Frequency:5.745 GHz Access Point: xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx
Bit Rate=12 Mb/s Tx-Power=15 dBm
Retry short limit:7 RTS thr:off Fragment thr:off
Power Management:off
Link Quality=53/70 Signal level=-57 dBm
Rx invalid nwid:0 Rx invalid crypt:0 Rx invalid frag:0
Tx excessive retries:0 Invalid misc:0 Missed beacon:0
...
- 首先使用
rfkill确保无线网卡已经激活
sudo apt install rfkill
- 检查无线网卡状态
rfkill list
如果wifi被软件block，需要unblock
rfkill unblock wifi
- 停止NetworkManager(如果是Ubuntu桌面版本，通常需要停止NetworkManager)
sudo systemctl stop NetworkManager
sudo systemctl disable NetworkManager
- 使用iwconfig命令检查
iwconfig
显示输出
lo no wireless extensions.
enp0s25 no wireless extensions.
wlp3s0 IEEE 802.11 ESSID:off/any
Mode:Managed Access Point: Not-Associated Tx-Power=15 dBm
Retry short limit:7 RTS thr:off Fragment thr:off
Encryption key:off
Power Management:off
virbr0 no wireless extensions.
virbr0-nic no wireless extensions.
anbox0 no wireless extensions
这里可以看到 Access Point: Not-Associated
如果无线接口没有显示，可能需要激活:
sudo ifconfig wlp3s0 up
- 然后扫描无线网络：
sudo iwlist wlp3s0 scan | grep ESSID
此时可以看到周围可用的无线热点名字列表
- 安装wpa_supplicant
sudo apt install wpasupplicant
- wapsupplicant提供了一个
wpa_passphrase工具可以创建配置:
wpa_passphrase your-ESSID your-passphrase | sudo tee /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant-home.conf
- 然后我们通过命令行就可以连接
sudo wpa_supplicant -c /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant-home.conf -i wlp3s0
如果终端显示的输出没有报错，就可以在命令行上添加 -B 参数以便在后台运行 wpa_supplicant 进程
sudo wpa_supplicant -B -c /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant-home.conf -i wlp3s0
-
连接正常，则使用
iwconfig可以看到已经连接到无线Access Point -
最后执行dhcp
sudo dhclient wlp3s0
如果无线网络是隐藏SSID，则需要在 wpa_supplicant.conf 配置中加上
scan_ssid=1