Update dependency pandas to v2.3.1 (#3339)

Co-authored-by: renovate[bot] <29139614+renovate[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>

Author: renovate[bot]

flink-python/dev/dev-requirements.txt

@@ -21,8 +21,8 @@ py4j==0.10.9.9
 python-dateutil==2.9.0.post0
 cloudpickle==3.1.1
 avro-python3==1.10.2
-pandas==2.3.0; python_version >= '3.7'
-pandas==2.3.0; python_version < '3.7'
+pandas==2.3.1; python_version >= '3.7'
+pandas==2.3.1; python_version < '3.7'
 pyarrow==20.0.0; python_version >= '3.7'
 pyarrow==20.0.0; python_version < '3.7'
 pytz>=2018.3