diff --git a/.github/workflows/build.yml b/.github/workflows/build.yml
index b1f964b..fb7edfb 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/build.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/build.yml
@@ -4,13 +4,24 @@ on: [push, pull_request]
 
 jobs:
   docker-build:
-    name: Docker Run Test on ${{ matrix.platform }}
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    name: Docker Run Test on ${{ matrix.platform }}-${{ matrix.python_tag_type }}
+    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
     strategy:
       matrix:
         platform:
-          # No need to test on amd64
+          - linux/amd64
           - linux/arm64
+        python_tag_type:
+          - slim
+          - alpine
+        exclude:
+          # amd64 with glibc have full direct test
+          - platform: linux/amd64
+            python_tag_type: slim
+
+          # test alpine only on amd64
+          - platform: linux/arm64
+            python_tag_type: alpine
 
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
@@ -20,40 +31,44 @@ jobs:
         uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
       - name: Set up Docker Buildx
         uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
-      - name: Docker Build and Push
+
+      - name: Docker Build
         uses: docker/build-push-action@v5
         with:
           context: .
-          file: ./ci/Dockerfile.test
+          file: ./ci/Dockerfile.${{ matrix.python_tag_type }}.test
           platforms: ${{ matrix.platform }}
-          tags: cyvcf2:test
+          tags: cyvcf2:${{ matrix.python_tag_type }}-test
           push: false
           load: true
           build-args: |
-            PYTHON_VERSION=slim
+            PYTHON_VERSION=${{ matrix.python_tag_type }}
 
       - name: Docker Run Tests
         run: |
-          docker run --rm --platform ${{ matrix.platform }} cyvcf2:test pytest --cov cyvcf2 --cov-report term-missing
+          docker run --rm --platform ${{ matrix.platform }} cyvcf2:${{ matrix.python_tag_type }}-test pytest --cov cyvcf2 --cov-report term-missing
 
   build:
     name: Run tests on Python ${{ matrix.python-version }} ${{ matrix.os }}
-    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}-latest
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        os: [ubuntu, macos]
-        python-version: ["3.7", "3.8", "3.9", "3.10", "3.11", "3.12"]
+        os: [ubuntu-22.04, macos-12]
+        python-version:
+          ["pypy3.10", "3.7", "3.8", "3.9", "3.10", "3.11", "3.12"]
         exclude:
-          # Run only the latest versions on macOS
-          - os: macos
+          # Run only the latest versions on macOS and windows
+          - os: macos-12
+            python-version: "pypy3.10"
+          - os: macos-12
             python-version: "3.7"
-          - os: macos
+          - os: macos-12
             python-version: "3.8"
-          - os: macos
+          - os: macos-12
             python-version: "3.9"
-          - os: macos
+          - os: macos-12
             python-version: "3.10"
-          - os: macos
+          - os: macos-12
             python-version: "3.11"
 
     steps:
@@ -65,12 +80,20 @@ jobs:
         with:
           python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}
 
+      - name: Set macOS env
+        if: runner.os == 'macOS'
+        run: |
+          # building options
+          echo "MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET=10.9" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+          echo "ARCHFLAGS=-arch x86_64" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+
       - name: Install Linux build prerequisites
         if: runner.os == 'Linux'
         run: |
           sudo apt-get update
           sudo apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends libcurl4-openssl-dev zlib1g-dev libssl-dev liblzma-dev \
             libbz2-dev libdeflate-dev
+
       - name: Install macOS build prerequisites
         if: runner.os == 'macOS'
         run: |
@@ -81,17 +104,70 @@ jobs:
           pip install -r requirements.txt
           pip install pytest pytest-cov
           CYVCF2_HTSLIB_CONFIGURE_OPTIONS="--enable-libcurl --enable-s3 --enable-lzma --enable-bz2 --with-libdeflate" \
-            CYTHONIZE=1 MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET=10.9 python setup.py build_ext -i
+            CYTHONIZE=1 python setup.py build_ext -i
+
+      - name: Test
+        run: |
+          pytest --cov cyvcf2 --cov-report term-missing
+
+  windows_build:
+    name: Run tests on Python windows-2022 MSYS2 UCRT64
+    runs-on: windows-2022
+    defaults:
+      run:
+        shell: msys2 {0}
+
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        with:
+          submodules: recursive
+
+      - name: "Setup MSYS2"
+        uses: msys2/setup-msys2@v2
+        with:
+          msystem: UCRT64
+          path-type: inherit
+          install: >-
+            mingw-w64-ucrt-x86_64-gcc
+            mingw-w64-ucrt-x86_64-make
+            mingw-w64-ucrt-x86_64-libdeflate
+            mingw-w64-ucrt-x86_64-xz
+            mingw-w64-ucrt-x86_64-curl
+            mingw-w64-ucrt-x86_64-zlib
+            mingw-w64-ucrt-x86_64-bzip2
+            mingw-w64-ucrt-x86_64-tools-git
+            mingw-w64-ucrt-x86_64-python-pkgconfig
+            mingw-w64-ucrt-x86_64-pkg-config
+            mingw-w64-ucrt-x86_64-ninja
+            mingw-w64-ucrt-x86_64-python
+            mingw-w64-ucrt-x86_64-python-pip
+            make
+            automake
+            autoconf
+            git
+
+      - name: Install Windows build prerequisites
+        run: |
+          cd htslib
+          autoreconf -i
+          ./configure --enable-libcurl --enable-s3 --enable-lzma --enable-bz2 --with-libdeflate
+          make
+          make install
+
+      - name: Install
+        run: |
+          pip install -r requirements.txt
+          pip install pytest pytest-cov
+          CYTHONIZE=1 python setup.py build_ext -i
 
       - name: Test
         run: |
           pytest --cov cyvcf2 --cov-report term-missing
 
   sdist:
-    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}-latest
+    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        os: [ubuntu]
         python-version: ["3.12"]
 
     steps:
diff --git a/.github/workflows/wheels.yml b/.github/workflows/wheels.yml
index 4c2848a..0f7513f 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/wheels.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/wheels.yml
@@ -18,43 +18,71 @@ on:
 
 jobs:
   build_wheels:
-    name: Build wheels on ${{ matrix.os }}
-    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}-latest
+    name: Build wheels for  ${{ matrix.python-version }}-${{ matrix.buildplat[1] }}
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.buildplat[0] }}
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        os: [ubuntu, macos]
-        python-version: ["3.12"]
+        buildplat:
+          - [ubuntu-22.04, manylinux_x86_64]
+          - [ubuntu-22.04, musllinux_x86_64]
+          - [ubuntu-22.04, manylinux_aarch64]
+          - [ubuntu-22.04, musllinux_aarch64]
+          # macOS build arm64 on x86_64 with cross-compiler
+          - [macos-12, macosx_x86_64]
+        python-version: [pp310, cp37, cp38, cp39, cp310, cp311, cp312]
+        exclude:
+          # pp310, cp37, cp38 on musllinux is not support
+          - buildplat: [ubuntu-22.04, musllinux_x86_64]
+            python-version: cp37
+          - buildplat: [ubuntu-22.04, musllinux_x86_64]
+            python-version: cp38
+          - buildplat: [ubuntu-22.04, musllinux_x86_64]
+            python-version: pp310
+          - buildplat: [ubuntu-22.04, musllinux_aarch64]
+            python-version: cp37
+          - buildplat: [ubuntu-22.04, musllinux_aarch64]
+            python-version: cp38
+          - buildplat: [ubuntu-22.04, musllinux_aarch64]
+            python-version: pp310
 
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
           submodules: recursive
-      - name: Set up Python ${{ matrix.python-version }}
-        uses: actions/setup-python@v5
-        with:
-          python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}
 
       - name: Set up QEMU
         if: runner.os == 'Linux'
         uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
 
-      - name: Build wheels for Linux
+      - name: Build wheels
         uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v2.16.2
-        if: runner.os == 'Linux'
         with:
           package-dir: .
           output-dir: wheelhouse
           config-file: "{package}/pyproject.toml"
         env:
-          CIBW_SKIP: "pp* *i686*"
+          # select
+          CIBW_BUILD: ${{ matrix.python-version }}-${{ matrix.buildplat[1] }}
+
+          # linux
           CIBW_MANYLINUX_X86_64_IMAGE: manylinux2014
-          CIBW_MUSLLINUX_X86_64_IMAGE: musllinux_1_1
+          # manylinux2014 can't build on aarch64
+          CIBW_MANYLINUX_AARCH64_IMAGE: manylinux_2_28
+          CIBW_MUSLLINUX_X86_64_IMAGE: musllinux_1_2
+          CIBW_MUSLLINUX_AARCH64_IMAGE: musllinux_1_2
           CIBW_ARCHS_LINUX: auto64 aarch64
           CIBW_BEFORE_BUILD_LINUX: "{project}/ci/linux-deps"
-          CIBW_TEST_COMMAND: "{project}/ci/test"
+          CIBW_REPAIR_WHEEL_COMMAND_LINUX: 'LD_LIBRARY_PATH="$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/lib64" && auditwheel repair -w {dest_dir} {wheel}'
+
+          # macos
+          CIBW_ARCHS_MACOS: auto64 arm64
+          CIBW_BEFORE_BUILD_MACOS: "{project}/ci/osx-deps"
+
+          # build
           CIBW_ENVIRONMENT: >-
             CYVCF2_HTSLIB_CONFIGURE_OPTIONS="--enable-libcurl --enable-s3 --enable-lzma --enable-bz2 --with-libdeflate"
             CYTHONIZE=1
+          CIBW_TEST_COMMAND: "{project}/ci/test"
 
       # Enable tmate debugging of manually-triggered workflows if the input option was provided
       - name: Setup tmate session
@@ -67,7 +95,7 @@ jobs:
 
   build_sdist:
     name: Build source distribution
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
@@ -90,7 +118,7 @@ jobs:
 
   upload_pypi:
     needs: [build_wheels, build_sdist]
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
     # upload to PyPI on every tag starting with 'v'
     if: github.event_name == 'push' && startsWith(github.event.ref, 'refs/tags/v')
     steps:
diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index ad219d6..c3def5c 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -19,3 +19,4 @@ _templates
 setup-requires/*
 .cache/v/cache/lastfailed
 .idea
+**/__pycache__
diff --git a/ci/Dockerfile.alpine.test b/ci/Dockerfile.alpine.test
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e2b841e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ci/Dockerfile.alpine.test
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+ARG PYTHON_VERSION=alpine 
+
+FROM python:${PYTHON_VERSION}
+
+WORKDIR /workspace
+
+RUN apk add --no-cache build-base autoconf automake git xz-dev curl-dev libdeflate-dev bzip2-dev
+
+COPY . .
+
+RUN pip install -r requirements.txt && pip install pytest pytest-cov
+
+# build cyvcf2
+RUN CYVCF2_HTSLIB_CONFIGURE_OPTIONS="--enable-libcurl --enable-s3 --enable-lzma --enable-bz2 --with-libdeflate" \
+    CYTHONIZE=1 python setup.py build_ext -i
diff --git a/ci/Dockerfile.test b/ci/Dockerfile.slim.test
similarity index 100%
rename from ci/Dockerfile.test
rename to ci/Dockerfile.slim.test
diff --git a/ci/linux-deps b/ci/linux-deps
index 7c2c71b..70e66fd 100755
--- a/ci/linux-deps
+++ b/ci/linux-deps
@@ -13,16 +13,15 @@ echo "manylinux image woking on $ID"
 
 # Install cyvcf2 development files.
 case "$ID" in
-alpine)
-    apk add --no-cache xz-dev curl-dev
+almalinux)
+    dnf install -y bzip2-devel xz-devel libcurl-devel openssl-devel openblas-devel epel-release
 
-    LIBDEFLATE_VERSION=1.19
-    curl -L -o libdeflate-v"$LIBDEFLATE_VERSION".tar.gz https://github.com/ebiggers/libdeflate/archive/refs/tags/v"$LIBDEFLATE_VERSION".tar.gz
-    tar xzf libdeflate-v"$LIBDEFLATE_VERSION".tar.gz
-    cd libdeflate-"$LIBDEFLATE_VERSION"
-    cmake -B build && cmake --build build
-    cd ./build/ && make install
-    cd ../..
+    # packages at epel
+    dnf install -y libdeflate-devel
+    ;;
+
+alpine)
+    apk add --no-cache xz-dev curl-dev libdeflate-dev
     ;;
 
 centos)
diff --git a/ci/osx-arm64-deps b/ci/osx-arm64-deps
deleted file mode 100755
index 4a4918f..0000000
--- a/ci/osx-arm64-deps
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/bash
-
-set -e
-
-git submodule init
-git submodule update
-git submodule update --init --recursive
-
-# configure fails with autoconf 2.71, so downgrade
-# see https://github.com/asdf-vm/asdf-erlang/issues/195
-brew install autoconf@2.69 && \
-brew link --overwrite autoconf@2.69 && \
-autoconf -V
-
-cd htslib
-autoheader
-autoconf
-./configure --enable-libcurl --enable-s3 --enable-lzma --enable-bz2 --without-libdeflate
-make
diff --git a/ci/osx-deps b/ci/osx-deps
index b349908..907700e 100755
--- a/ci/osx-deps
+++ b/ci/osx-deps
@@ -1,26 +1,26 @@
 #!/bin/bash
 
-set -e
+set -euo pipefail
 
-git submodule init
-git submodule update
-git submodule update --init --recursive
+export DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/lib
+# same with python
+export MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET=10.9
 
-# configure fails with autoconf 2.71, so downgrade
-# see https://github.com/asdf-vm/asdf-erlang/issues/195
-brew install autoconf@2.69 && \
-brew link --overwrite autoconf@2.69 && \
-autoconf -V
+brew install automake
+brew unlink xz
 
-curl -L -o libdeflate-v1.8.tar.gz https://github.com/ebiggers/libdeflate/archive/refs/tags/v1.8.tar.gz
-tar xzf libdeflate-v1.8.tar.gz
-cd libdeflate-1.8
-make
-make install
-cd ..
+# build liblzma and libdelfate for muti arch
 
-cd htslib
-autoheader
-autoconf
-./configure --enable-libcurl --enable-s3 --enable-lzma --enable-bz2
-make
+XZ_VERSION=5.4.5
+curl -L -o xz-$XZ_VERSION.tar.gz "https://github.com/tukaani-project/xz/releases/download/v$XZ_VERSION/xz-$XZ_VERSION.tar.gz"
+tar -xf xz-$XZ_VERSION.tar.gz
+cd xz-$XZ_VERSION
+cmake -B build && cmake --build build
+cd ./build && make install
+
+LIBDEFLATE_VERSION=1.19
+curl -L -o libdeflate-v"$LIBDEFLATE_VERSION".tar.gz https://github.com/ebiggers/libdeflate/archive/refs/tags/v"$LIBDEFLATE_VERSION".tar.gz
+tar xzf libdeflate-v"$LIBDEFLATE_VERSION".tar.gz
+cd libdeflate-"$LIBDEFLATE_VERSION"
+cmake -B build && cmake --build build
+cd ./build && make install
diff --git a/cyvcf2/tests/test_reader.py b/cyvcf2/tests/test_reader.py
index 13f3f9e..0b466e5 100644
--- a/cyvcf2/tests/test_reader.py
+++ b/cyvcf2/tests/test_reader.py
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 from __future__ import print_function
 import os.path
+import platform
 import tempfile
 import sys
 import os
@@ -965,13 +966,20 @@ def test_alt_homozygous_gt():
     assert v.gt_bases[0] == '<*:DEL>/<*:DEL>'
 
 def test_write_missing_contig():
-    input_vcf = VCF('{}/seg.vcf.gz'.format(HERE))
-    output_vcf = Writer('/dev/null', input_vcf)
+    input_vcf = VCF("{}/seg.vcf.gz".format(HERE))
+    if platform.system() == "Windows":
+        output_vcf = "__o.vcf"
+    else:
+        output_vcf = "/dev/null"
+    output_vcf = Writer(output_vcf, input_vcf)
     for v in input_vcf:
-        v.genotypes = [[1,1,False]]
+        v.genotypes = [[1, 1, False]]
         output_vcf.write_record(v)
     output_vcf.close()
 
+    if platform.system() == "Windows":
+        os.unlink("__o.vcf")
+
 def test_set_samples():
     vcf = VCF(VCF_PATH)
     assert len(vcf.samples) == 189, len(vcf.samples)
@@ -1000,9 +1008,14 @@ def test_issue44():
     #           "./."            "."          ".|."           "0|0"
     expected = [[-1, -1, False], [-1, False], [-1, -1, True], [0, 0, True]]
     #print("", file=sys.stderr)
-    for i, v in enumerate(VCF('__o.vcf')):
+
+    t = VCF('__o.vcf')
+    for i, v in enumerate(t):
         #print(v.genotypes, file=sys.stderr)
         assert v.genotypes == [expected[i]], (i, v.genotypes, expected[i])
+
+    # file should be closed before delete
+    t.close()
     os.unlink("__o.vcf")
 
 def test_id_field_updates():
diff --git a/htslib b/htslib
index d8ca374..8f72310 160000
--- a/htslib
+++ b/htslib
@@ -1 +1 @@
-Subproject commit d8ca374b1977601246ce4a20370c7b78441a01aa
+Subproject commit 8f7231035d0409d525767c66d9f49f1f967ee1df
diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml
index 8193b5d..4018caa 100644
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -1,2 +1,8 @@
 [build-system]
-requires = ["setuptools", "wheel", "cython>=0.23.3", "oldest-supported-numpy"]
+requires = [
+    "setuptools",
+    "wheel",
+    "cython>=0.23.3",
+    'oldest-supported-numpy; os_name != "nt"',
+    'numpy; os_name == "nt"'
+]
diff --git a/requirements.txt b/requirements.txt
index 91828fc..4b1062f 100644
--- a/requirements.txt
+++ b/requirements.txt
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 cython>=0.23.3
-oldest-supported-numpy
 coloredlogs
 click
 setuptools
+numpy; os_name == 'nt'  
+oldest-supported-numpy; os_name != 'nt'
diff --git a/setup.py b/setup.py
index 5e927c0..b855fe4 100644
--- a/setup.py
+++ b/setup.py
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import ctypes
 import glob
 import os
+import platform
 import shutil
 import sys
 import subprocess
@@ -50,16 +51,18 @@ def no_cythonize(extensions, **_ignore):
 
 
 def check_libhts():
-    try:
-        ctypes.CDLL("libhts.so")
-        return True
-    except Exception:
-        return False
-
+    os_type = platform.system()
+    if os_type == "Linux":
+        lib_name = "libhts.so"
+    elif os_type == "Darwin":  # macOS
+        lib_name = "libhts.dylib"
+    elif os_type == "Windows":
+        lib_name = "hts-3.dll"
+    else:
+        return False  # Unsupported OS
 
-def check_libdeflate():
     try:
-        ctypes.CDLL("libdeflate.so")
+        ctypes.CDLL(lib_name)
         return True
     except Exception:
         return False
@@ -106,6 +109,12 @@ class cyvcf2_build_ext(build_ext):
     def run(self):
         print("# cyvcf2: htslib mode is {}".format(CYVCF2_HTSLIB_MODE))
         if CYVCF2_HTSLIB_MODE == "BUILTIN" or not check_libhts():
+            if platform.system() == "Windows":
+                # Windows htslib can't be built internall
+                raise RuntimeError(
+                    "Required library 'hts-3.dll' not found. Please install htslib first."
+                )
+
             print(
                 "# cyvcf2: htslib configure options is {}".format(
                     CYVCF2_HTSLIB_CONFIGURE_OPTIONS
@@ -129,7 +138,7 @@ def run(self):
 
             extra_libs = []
             # read the htslib config.status file to get the linked libraries
-            with open("htslib/config.status", "r") as f:
+            with open(os.path.join("htslib", "config.status"), "r") as f:
                 for line in f:
                     if 'S["static_LIBS"]' in line:
                         linked_libs_str = line.split("=")[1].strip()[1:-1]
@@ -146,6 +155,9 @@ def run(self):
 
 class cyvcf2_sdist(sdist):
     def run(self):
+        if platform.system() == "Windows":
+            raise RuntimeError("cyvcf2 Can't build sdist on Windows")
+
         pre_sdist()
 
         super().run()
@@ -174,15 +186,16 @@ def run(self):
         if os.path.exists(cyvcf2_c_path):
             os.remove(cyvcf2_c_path)
 
-        so_files = glob.glob("cyvcf2/cyvcf2.cpython-*.so")
-        for file in so_files:
+        lib_files = glob.glob("cyvcf2/cyvcf2.cpython-*")
+        for file in lib_files:
             os.remove(file)
 
-        print("cleaning htslib build files")
-        current_directory = os.getcwd()
-        os.chdir(os.path.join(current_directory, "htslib"))
-        subprocess.run(["make", "distclean"], check=True)
-        os.chdir(current_directory)
+        if platform.system() != "Windows":
+            print("cleaning htslib build files")
+            current_directory = os.getcwd()
+            os.chdir(os.path.join(current_directory, "htslib"))
+            subprocess.run(["make", "distclean"], check=True)
+            os.chdir(current_directory)
 
 
 # How to link against HTSLIB
@@ -190,7 +203,20 @@ def run(self):
 #           builtin htslib code (default)
 # EXTERNAL: use shared libhts.so compiled outside of
 #           cyvcf2
-CYVCF2_HTSLIB_MODE = os.environ.get("CYVCF2_HTSLIB_MODE", "BUILTIN")
+if platform.system() == "Windows":
+    # can't static link to htslib on Windows
+    htslib_mode_default = "EXTERNAL"
+else:
+    htslib_mode_default = "BUILTIN"
+
+CYVCF2_HTSLIB_MODE = os.environ.get("CYVCF2_HTSLIB_MODE", htslib_mode_default)
+
+if platform.system() == "Windows" and CYVCF2_HTSLIB_MODE == "BUILTIN":
+    print(
+        "# cyvcf2 WARNING: The use of cyvcf2 on Windows is experimental. It will not work when statically linked to htslib. Fallback to htslib EXTERNAL mode"
+    )
+    CYVCF2_HTSLIB_MODE = "EXTERNAL"
+
 CYVCF2_HTSLIB_CONFIGURE_OPTIONS = os.environ.get(
     "CYVCF2_HTSLIB_CONFIGURE_OPTIONS", None
 )