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<meta property="og:description" content="1：安装 pip install fabric 2：基本使用 在项目目录下新建fabfile.py文件，写入如下代码。fab的所有任务均写在fabfile.py文件或者fabfile包目录中（含有__init__.py） from fabric.api import * def uname(): local("uname -s") 3：在远程机器上执行 在远程机器上执行，需要把local换成run。 from fabric.api import * def uname(): run("uname -s") $ fab uname 运行这个命令，会让你输入远程机器的名字。然后在指定的机器上执行uname -s 4：指定主机 可以通过env.hosts指定。env是一个dict子类，可以像操作字典一样访问它，也可以想类一样直接访问它的属性。 from …" />
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<meta name="twitter:description" content="1：安装 pip install fabric 2：基本使用 在项目目录下新建fabfile.py文件，写入如下代码。fab的所有任务均写在fabfile.py文件或者fabfile包目录中（含有__init__.py） from fabric.api import * def uname(): local("uname -s") 3：在远程机器上执行 在远程机器上执行，需要把local换成run。 from fabric.api import * def uname(): run("uname -s") $ fab uname 运行这个命令，会让你输入远程机器的名字。然后在指定的机器上执行uname -s 4：指定主机 可以通过env.hosts指定。env是一个dict子类，可以像操作字典一样访问它，也可以想类一样直接访问它的属性。 from …">
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使用fabric远程部署代码
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<h4>1：安装</h4>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>pip install fabric
</pre></div>
<h4>2：基本使用</h4>
<p>在项目目录下新建fabfile.py文件，写入如下代码。fab的所有任务均写在fabfile.py文件或者fabfile包目录中（含有__init__.py）</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">fabric.api</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="o">*</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">uname</span><span class="p">():</span>
<span class="n">local</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"uname -s"</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
<h4>3：在远程机器上执行</h4>
<p>在远程机器上执行，需要把local换成run。</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">fabric.api</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="o">*</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">uname</span><span class="p">():</span>
<span class="n">run</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"uname -s"</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ fab uname
</pre></div>
<p>运行这个命令，会让你输入远程机器的名字。然后在指定的机器上执行uname -s</p>
<h4>4：指定主机</h4>
<p>可以通过env.hosts指定。env是一个dict子类，可以像操作字典一样访问它，也可以想类一样直接访问它的属性。</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">fabric.api</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">env</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">run</span>
<span class="n">env</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">hosts</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'host1'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'host2'</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">mytask</span><span class="p">():</span>
<span class="n">run</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'ls /var/www'</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
<p>可以通过命令行选项指定</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ fab -H host1,host2 mytask
</pre></div>
<p><em>注意：命令行指定的主机会被env.hosts覆盖。可以通过env.hosts.extend(['host3', 'host4'])追加</em> <br>
可以给具体的某个任务指定主机，这样会更灵活*</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ fab mytask:hosts<span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"host1;host2"</span>
</pre></div>
<p>在fabfile文件你直接通过hosts装饰器给某个任务指定主机</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">fabric.api</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">hosts</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">run</span>
<span class="nd">@hosts</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'host1'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'host2'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">mytask</span><span class="p">():</span>
<span class="n">run</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'ls /var/www'</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
<p><strong>注意：以上主机的定义的优先顺序为：fab mytask:host=host1，@hosts('host1')，env.hosts = ['host1']，--hosts=host1</strong></p>
<h4>5：定义远程主机角色组</h4>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">fabric.api</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">env</span>
<span class="n">env</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">roledefs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="s1">'web'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'www1'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'www2'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'www3'</span><span class="p">],</span>
<span class="s1">'dns'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'ns1'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'ns2'</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="nd">@roles</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'web'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">mytask</span><span class="p">():</span>
<span class="n">run</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'ls /var/www'</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
<p>上面任务会在主机www1，www2，www3上执行</p>
<h4>6：定义排除的主机</h4>
<p>使用--exclude-hosts/-x排除不想执行的主机。</p>
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