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triangle.cpp
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triangle.cpp
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#define GLFW_INCLUDE_VULKAN
#include <GLFW/glfw3.h>
#define STB_IMAGE_IMPLEMENTATION
#include <stb_image.h>
#include <VecMat.h>
#include <chrono>
#include <vector>
#include <set>
#include <string>
#include <cstdio>
#include <stdexcept>
#include <optional>
#include <limits>
#include <fstream>
#pragma warning(disable : 26812) // Disable enum class warning from Vulkan enums
const uint32_t WIN_WIDTH = 800;
const uint32_t WIN_HEIGHT = 800;
const int MAX_FRAMES_IN_FLIGHT = 2;
const std::vector<const char*> deviceExtensions = {
VK_KHR_SWAPCHAIN_EXTENSION_NAME
};
const std::string TEX_FILENAME = "textures/l'ete.jpg";
typedef std::chrono::high_resolution_clock Clock;
typedef std::chrono::seconds::period Period;
uint32_t currentFrame = 0;
bool framebufferResized = false;
float size = 0.5f;
GLFWwindow* window;
VkInstance instance;
VkPhysicalDevice physicalDevice = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
VkDevice logicalDevice;
VkQueue graphicsQueue;
VkQueue presentQueue;
VkSurfaceKHR surface;
VkSwapchainKHR swapchain;
VkFormat swapchainImageFormat;
VkExtent2D swapchainExtent;
std::vector<VkImage> swapchainImages;
std::vector<VkImageView> swapchainImageViews;
std::vector<VkFramebuffer> swapchainFramebuffers;
VkRenderPass renderPass;
VkPipelineLayout pipelineLayout;
VkDescriptorSetLayout descriptorSetLayout;
VkPipeline graphicsPipeline;
VkCommandPool commandPool;
VkDescriptorPool descriptorPool;
std::vector<VkDescriptorSet> descriptorSets;
VkImage textureImage;
VkDeviceMemory textureImageMemory;
VkImageView textureImageView;
VkSampler textureSampler;
VkBuffer vertexBuffer;
VkDeviceMemory vertexBufferMemory;
VkBuffer indexBuffer;
VkDeviceMemory indexBufferMemory;
std::vector<VkBuffer> uniformBuffers;
std::vector<VkDeviceMemory> uniformBuffersMemory;
std::vector<VkCommandBuffer> commandBuffers;
std::vector<VkSemaphore> imageAvailableSemaphores;
std::vector<VkSemaphore> renderFinishedSemaphores;
std::vector<VkFence> inFlightFences;
struct QueueFamilyIndices {
std::optional<uint32_t> graphicsFamily = std::nullopt;
std::optional<uint32_t> presentFamily = std::nullopt;
bool isComplete() { return graphicsFamily.has_value() && presentFamily.has_value(); }
};
struct SwapchainSupportDetails {
VkSurfaceCapabilitiesKHR capabilities{};
std::vector<VkSurfaceFormatKHR> formats;
std::vector<VkPresentModeKHR> presentModes;
};
struct Vertex {
vec3 pos;
vec3 normal;
vec4 color;
vec2 uv;
static VkVertexInputBindingDescription getBindingDescription() {
VkVertexInputBindingDescription bindingDescription{};
bindingDescription.binding = 0;
bindingDescription.stride = sizeof(Vertex);
bindingDescription.inputRate = VK_VERTEX_INPUT_RATE_VERTEX;
return bindingDescription;
}
static std::vector<VkVertexInputAttributeDescription> getAttributeDescriptions() {
std::vector<VkVertexInputAttributeDescription> attributeDescriptions(4);
attributeDescriptions[0].binding = 0;
attributeDescriptions[0].location = 0;
attributeDescriptions[0].format = VK_FORMAT_R32G32B32_SFLOAT;
attributeDescriptions[0].offset = offsetof(Vertex, pos);
attributeDescriptions[1].binding = 0;
attributeDescriptions[1].location = 1;
attributeDescriptions[1].format = VK_FORMAT_R32G32B32_SFLOAT;
attributeDescriptions[1].offset = offsetof(Vertex, normal);
attributeDescriptions[2].binding = 0;
attributeDescriptions[2].location = 2;
attributeDescriptions[2].format = VK_FORMAT_R32G32B32A32_SFLOAT;
attributeDescriptions[2].offset = offsetof(Vertex, color);
attributeDescriptions[3].binding = 0;
attributeDescriptions[3].location = 3;
attributeDescriptions[3].format = VK_FORMAT_R32G32_SFLOAT;
attributeDescriptions[3].offset = offsetof(Vertex, uv);
return attributeDescriptions;
}
};
struct UniformBufferObject {
mat4 model;
mat4 view;
mat4 proj;
};
const std::vector<Vertex> vertices = {
// POS NORMAL COLOR UV
{{-1, -1, 1}, {0, 0, 1}, {1, 0, 0, 1}, {1, 1}},
{{1, -1, 1}, {0, 0, 1}, {1, 0, 0, 1}, {0, 1}},
{{1, 1, 1}, {0, 0, 1}, {1, 0, 0, 1}, {0, 0}},
{{-1, 1, 1}, {0, 0, 1}, {1, 0, 0, 1}, {1, 0}},
{{-1, -1, -1}, {0, 0, -1}, {0, 1, 0, 1}, {1, 1}},
{{1, -1, -1}, {0, 0, -1}, {0, 1, 0, 1}, {0, 1}},
{{1, 1, -1}, {0, 0, -1}, {0, 1, 0, 1}, {0, 0}},
{{-1, 1, -1}, {0, 0, -1}, {0, 1, 0, 1}, {1, 0}},
{{-1, -1, 1}, {-1, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 1, 1}, {1, 1}},
{{-1, -1, -1}, {-1, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 1, 1}, {0, 1}},
{{-1, 1, -1}, {-1, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 1, 1}, {0, 0}},
{{-1, 1, 1}, {-1, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 1, 1}, {1, 0}},
{{1, -1, 1}, {1, 0, 0}, {1, 1, 0, 1}, {1, 1}},
{{1, -1, -1}, {1, 0, 0}, {1, 1, 0, 1}, {0, 1}},
{{1, 1, -1}, {1, 0, 0}, {1, 1, 0, 1}, {0, 0}},
{{1, 1, 1}, {1, 0, 0}, {1, 1, 0, 1}, {1, 0}},
{{-1, 1, 1}, {0, 1, 0}, {0, 1, 1, 1}, {1, 1}},
{{1, 1, 1}, {0, 1, 0}, {0, 1, 1, 1}, {0, 1}},
{{1, 1, -1}, {0, 1, 0}, {0, 1, 1, 1}, {0, 0}},
{{-1, 1, -1}, {0, 1, 0}, {0, 1, 1, 1}, {1, 0}},
{{-1, -1, 1}, {0, -1, 0}, {1, 0, 1, 1}, {1, 1}},
{{1, -1, 1}, {0, -1, 0}, {1, 0, 1, 1}, {0, 1}},
{{1, -1, -1}, {0, -1, 0}, {1, 0, 1, 1}, {0, 0}},
{{-1, -1, -1}, {0, -1, 0}, {1, 0, 1, 1}, {1, 0}}
};
const std::vector<uint32_t> indices = {
0, 1, 2, 2, 3, 0, // front
6, 5, 4, 4, 7, 6, // back
10, 9, 8, 8, 11, 10, // left
12, 13, 14, 14, 15, 12, // right
16, 17, 18, 18, 19, 16, // top
22, 21, 20, 20, 23, 22 // bottom
};
float clamp(float val, float min, float max) { float _val = val < min ? min : val; return _val > max ? max : _val; }
uint32_t clamp(uint32_t val, uint32_t min, uint32_t max) { uint32_t _val = val < min ? min : val; return _val > max ? max : _val; }
static std::vector<char> readBinaryFile(const std::string& filename) {
std::ifstream file;
file.open(filename, std::ios::ate | std::ios::binary);
if (!file.is_open())
throw std::runtime_error("Failed to open file '" + filename + "'!");
size_t fileSize = (size_t) file.tellg();
std::vector<char> buf(fileSize);
file.seekg(0);
file.read(buf.data(), fileSize);
file.close();
return buf;
}
void kbdCallback(GLFWwindow* w, int key, int scancode, int action, int mods) {
if (key == GLFW_KEY_Q || key == GLFW_KEY_ESCAPE) glfwSetWindowShouldClose(w, true);
}
void framebufferResizeCallback(GLFWwindow* window, int width, int height) {
framebufferResized = true;
}
void scrollCallback(GLFWwindow* window, double xoffset, double yoffset) {
size = clamp((float)(size + 0.01 * yoffset), 0.01f, 1.0f);
}
QueueFamilyIndices getQueueFamilies(VkPhysicalDevice device) {
QueueFamilyIndices queueFamilyIndices;
// Retrieve queue families for device
uint32_t queueFamilyCount = 0;
vkGetPhysicalDeviceQueueFamilyProperties(device, &queueFamilyCount, nullptr);
if (queueFamilyCount == 0)
return queueFamilyIndices;
std::vector<VkQueueFamilyProperties> queueFamilies(queueFamilyCount);
vkGetPhysicalDeviceQueueFamilyProperties(device, &queueFamilyCount, queueFamilies.data());
// Check for queue families with graphics and presentation support
for (uint32_t i = 0; i < queueFamilyCount; i++) {
if (queueFamilies[i].queueFlags & VK_QUEUE_GRAPHICS_BIT)
queueFamilyIndices.graphicsFamily = std::make_optional(i);
VkBool32 present = false;
vkGetPhysicalDeviceSurfaceSupportKHR(device, i, surface, &present);
if (present)
queueFamilyIndices.presentFamily = std::make_optional(i);
}
return queueFamilyIndices;
}
SwapchainSupportDetails querySwapchainSupport(VkPhysicalDevice device) {
SwapchainSupportDetails details;
// Query device surface capabilities
vkGetPhysicalDeviceSurfaceCapabilitiesKHR(device, surface, &details.capabilities);
// Query device surface formats
uint32_t formatCounts;
vkGetPhysicalDeviceSurfaceFormatsKHR(device, surface, &formatCounts, nullptr);
if (formatCounts != 0) {
details.formats.resize(formatCounts);
vkGetPhysicalDeviceSurfaceFormatsKHR(device, surface, &formatCounts, details.formats.data());
}
// Query device presentation modes
uint32_t presentModeCount;
vkGetPhysicalDeviceSurfacePresentModesKHR(device, surface, &presentModeCount, nullptr);
if (presentModeCount != 0) {
details.presentModes.resize(presentModeCount);
vkGetPhysicalDeviceSurfacePresentModesKHR(device, surface, &presentModeCount, details.presentModes.data());
}
return details;
}
bool isDeviceSuitable(VkPhysicalDevice device) {
// Check if device has queue family with graphics and present capabilities
QueueFamilyIndices queueFamilyIndices = getQueueFamilies(device);
// Check if device supports all required extensions (from deviceExtensions)
uint32_t extensionCount;
vkEnumerateDeviceExtensionProperties(device, nullptr, &extensionCount, nullptr);
std::vector<VkExtensionProperties> availableExtensions(extensionCount);
vkEnumerateDeviceExtensionProperties(device, nullptr, &extensionCount, availableExtensions.data());
std::set<std::string> requiredExtensions(deviceExtensions.begin(), deviceExtensions.end());
for (const VkExtensionProperties& extension : availableExtensions)
requiredExtensions.erase(extension.extensionName);
// Check if swapchain adequate
bool adequateSwapChain = false;
if (requiredExtensions.empty()) {
SwapchainSupportDetails swapchainSupport = querySwapchainSupport(device);
adequateSwapChain = !swapchainSupport.formats.empty() && !swapchainSupport.presentModes.empty();
}
// Get device features and check if anisotropy supported
VkPhysicalDeviceFeatures supportedFeatures;
vkGetPhysicalDeviceFeatures(device, &supportedFeatures);
return queueFamilyIndices.isComplete() && requiredExtensions.empty() && adequateSwapChain && supportedFeatures.samplerAnisotropy;
}
uint32_t findMemoryType(uint32_t typeFilter, VkMemoryPropertyFlags properties) {
VkPhysicalDeviceMemoryProperties memProperties;
vkGetPhysicalDeviceMemoryProperties(physicalDevice, &memProperties);
for (uint32_t i = 0; i < memProperties.memoryTypeCount; i++)
if ((typeFilter & (1 << i)) && (memProperties.memoryTypes[i].propertyFlags & properties) == properties)
return i;
throw std::runtime_error("Failed to find suitable memory type!");
}
VkShaderModule createShaderModule(const std::vector<char>& code) {
// Create shader module creation info struct
VkShaderModuleCreateInfo createInfo{};
createInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SHADER_MODULE_CREATE_INFO;
createInfo.codeSize = code.size();
createInfo.pCode = (const uint32_t*)code.data();
// Create shader module
VkShaderModule shaderModule;
VkResult res = vkCreateShaderModule(logicalDevice, &createInfo, nullptr, &shaderModule);
if (res != VK_SUCCESS)
throw std::runtime_error("Failed to create shader module!");
return shaderModule;
}
void createVkInstance() {
// Create application info struct
VkApplicationInfo appInfo{};
appInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_APPLICATION_INFO;
appInfo.pApplicationName = "Vulkan Playground";
appInfo.applicationVersion = VK_MAKE_VERSION(1, 0, 0);
appInfo.pEngineName = "No engine";
appInfo.engineVersion = VK_MAKE_VERSION(1, 0, 0);
appInfo.apiVersion = VK_API_VERSION_1_0;
// Get instance extensions required by GLFW
uint32_t glfwExtensionCount = 0;
const char** glfwExtensions = glfwGetRequiredInstanceExtensions(&glfwExtensionCount);
printf("GLFW Required Extensions:\n");
for (uint32_t i = 0; i < glfwExtensionCount; i++) printf("\t%s\n", glfwExtensions[i]);
// Get available extensions
uint32_t extensionCount = 0;
vkEnumerateInstanceExtensionProperties(nullptr, &extensionCount, nullptr);
std::vector<VkExtensionProperties> extensions(extensionCount);
vkEnumerateInstanceExtensionProperties(nullptr, &extensionCount, extensions.data());
printf("Available extensions\n");
for (const VkExtensionProperties& ext : extensions) printf("\t%s\n", ext.extensionName);
// Create instance creation info struct
VkInstanceCreateInfo createInfo{};
createInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_INSTANCE_CREATE_INFO;
createInfo.pApplicationInfo = &appInfo;
createInfo.enabledExtensionCount = glfwExtensionCount;
createInfo.ppEnabledExtensionNames = glfwExtensions;
createInfo.enabledLayerCount = 0;
// Create instance
VkResult res = vkCreateInstance(&createInfo, nullptr, &instance);
if (res != VK_SUCCESS)
throw std::runtime_error("Failed to create vulkan instance!");
}
void selectPhysicalDevice() {
// Get number of physical devices
uint32_t device_count = 0;
vkEnumeratePhysicalDevices(instance, &device_count, nullptr);
if (device_count == 0)
throw std::runtime_error("Couldn't find any GPUs with Vulkan support!");
// Enumerate all found physical devices
std::vector<VkPhysicalDevice> devices(device_count);
vkEnumeratePhysicalDevices(instance, &device_count, devices.data());
// Pick a suitable device
for (const VkPhysicalDevice device : devices)
if (isDeviceSuitable(device)) { physicalDevice = device; break; }
if (physicalDevice == VK_NULL_HANDLE)
throw std::runtime_error("Failed to find a suitable GPU!");
// Retrieve device properties, report selected device
VkPhysicalDeviceProperties device_props;
vkGetPhysicalDeviceProperties(physicalDevice, &device_props);
printf("Selected GPU '%s'.\n", device_props.deviceName);
}
void createLogicalDevice() {
QueueFamilyIndices queueFamilyIndices = getQueueFamilies(physicalDevice);
float queuePriority = 1.0f;
// Create graphics queue creation info struct
VkDeviceQueueCreateInfo gfxQueueCreateInfo{};
gfxQueueCreateInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DEVICE_QUEUE_CREATE_INFO;
gfxQueueCreateInfo.queueFamilyIndex = queueFamilyIndices.graphicsFamily.value();
gfxQueueCreateInfo.queueCount = 1;
gfxQueueCreateInfo.pQueuePriorities = &queuePriority;
// Create present queue creation info struct
VkDeviceQueueCreateInfo prsQueueCreateInfo{};
prsQueueCreateInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DEVICE_QUEUE_CREATE_INFO;
prsQueueCreateInfo.queueFamilyIndex = queueFamilyIndices.presentFamily.value();
prsQueueCreateInfo.queueCount = 1;
prsQueueCreateInfo.pQueuePriorities = &queuePriority;
// Create device features struct
VkPhysicalDeviceFeatures deviceFeatures{};
deviceFeatures.samplerAnisotropy = VK_TRUE;
// Create logical device creation info struct
std::vector<VkDeviceQueueCreateInfo> queueCreateInfos{ gfxQueueCreateInfo, prsQueueCreateInfo };
VkDeviceCreateInfo createInfo{};
createInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DEVICE_CREATE_INFO;
createInfo.pQueueCreateInfos = queueCreateInfos.data();
createInfo.queueCreateInfoCount = (uint32_t)queueCreateInfos.size();
createInfo.pEnabledFeatures = &deviceFeatures;
createInfo.enabledExtensionCount = (uint32_t)deviceExtensions.size();
createInfo.ppEnabledExtensionNames = deviceExtensions.data();
createInfo.enabledLayerCount = 0;
VkResult res = vkCreateDevice(physicalDevice, &createInfo, nullptr, &logicalDevice);
if (res != VK_SUCCESS)
throw std::runtime_error("Failed to create logical device!");
// Get graphics queue
vkGetDeviceQueue(logicalDevice, queueFamilyIndices.graphicsFamily.value(), 0, &graphicsQueue);
vkGetDeviceQueue(logicalDevice, queueFamilyIndices.presentFamily.value(), 0, &presentQueue);
}
void createSurface() {
VkResult res = glfwCreateWindowSurface(instance, window, nullptr, &surface);
if (res != VK_SUCCESS)
throw std::runtime_error("Failed to create window surface!");
}
void createSwapchain() {
SwapchainSupportDetails swapChainSupport = querySwapchainSupport(physicalDevice);
// Select swapchain format
VkSurfaceFormatKHR surfaceFormat = swapChainSupport.formats[0];
for (const VkSurfaceFormatKHR availableFormat : swapChainSupport.formats) {
if (availableFormat.format == VK_FORMAT_B8G8R8A8_SRGB
&& availableFormat.colorSpace == VK_COLOR_SPACE_SRGB_NONLINEAR_KHR)
surfaceFormat = availableFormat;
}
// Select presentation mode
VkPresentModeKHR presentMode = VK_PRESENT_MODE_FIFO_KHR;
for (const VkPresentModeKHR availablePresentMode : swapChainSupport.presentModes)
if (availablePresentMode == VK_PRESENT_MODE_MAILBOX_KHR)
presentMode = availablePresentMode;
// Select swap extent
VkExtent2D extent = swapChainSupport.capabilities.currentExtent;
if (extent.width == std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max()) {
int width, height;
glfwGetWindowSize(window, &width, &height);
extent.width = clamp((uint32_t)width, swapChainSupport.capabilities.minImageExtent.width, swapChainSupport.capabilities.maxImageExtent.width);
extent.height = clamp((uint32_t)height, swapChainSupport.capabilities.minImageExtent.height, swapChainSupport.capabilities.maxImageExtent.height);
}
// Query reasonable image count
uint32_t imageCount = swapChainSupport.capabilities.minImageCount + 1;
if (swapChainSupport.capabilities.maxImageCount > 0 && imageCount > swapChainSupport.capabilities.maxImageCount)
imageCount = swapChainSupport.capabilities.maxImageCount;
// Create swapchain creation info struct
VkSwapchainCreateInfoKHR createInfo{};
createInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SWAPCHAIN_CREATE_INFO_KHR;
createInfo.surface = surface;
createInfo.minImageCount = imageCount;
createInfo.imageFormat = surfaceFormat.format;
createInfo.imageColorSpace = surfaceFormat.colorSpace;
createInfo.imageExtent = extent;
createInfo.imageArrayLayers = 1;
createInfo.imageUsage = VK_IMAGE_USAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_BIT;
createInfo.preTransform = swapChainSupport.capabilities.currentTransform;
createInfo.compositeAlpha = VK_COMPOSITE_ALPHA_OPAQUE_BIT_KHR;
createInfo.presentMode = presentMode;
createInfo.clipped = VK_TRUE;
createInfo.oldSwapchain = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
// Check queue indices for sharing mode
QueueFamilyIndices indices = getQueueFamilies(physicalDevice);
if (indices.graphicsFamily != indices.presentFamily) {
uint32_t queueFamilyIndices[] = { indices.graphicsFamily.value(), indices.presentFamily.value() };
createInfo.imageSharingMode = VK_SHARING_MODE_CONCURRENT;
createInfo.queueFamilyIndexCount = 2;
createInfo.pQueueFamilyIndices = queueFamilyIndices;
} else {
createInfo.imageSharingMode = VK_SHARING_MODE_EXCLUSIVE;
createInfo.queueFamilyIndexCount = 0;
createInfo.pQueueFamilyIndices = nullptr;
}
// Create swapchain
VkResult res = vkCreateSwapchainKHR(logicalDevice, &createInfo, nullptr, &swapchain);
if (res != VK_SUCCESS)
throw std::runtime_error("Failed to create swapchain!");
// Retrieve handles to swapchain images
vkGetSwapchainImagesKHR(logicalDevice, swapchain, &imageCount, nullptr);
swapchainImages.resize(imageCount);
vkGetSwapchainImagesKHR(logicalDevice, swapchain, &imageCount, swapchainImages.data());
// Save swapchain image format and extent
swapchainImageFormat = surfaceFormat.format;
swapchainExtent = extent;
}
VkImageView createImageView(VkImage image, VkFormat format) {
VkImageViewCreateInfo viewInfo{};
viewInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_VIEW_CREATE_INFO;
viewInfo.image = image;
viewInfo.viewType = VK_IMAGE_VIEW_TYPE_2D;
viewInfo.format = format;
viewInfo.subresourceRange.aspectMask = VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT;
viewInfo.subresourceRange.baseMipLevel = 0;
viewInfo.subresourceRange.levelCount = 1;
viewInfo.subresourceRange.baseArrayLayer = 0;
viewInfo.subresourceRange.layerCount = 1;
VkImageView imageView;
VkResult res = vkCreateImageView(logicalDevice, &viewInfo, nullptr, &imageView);
if (res != VK_SUCCESS)
throw std::runtime_error("Failed to create image view!");
return imageView;
}
void createImageViews() {
// Reserve space for image views
swapchainImageViews.resize(swapchainImages.size());
// Create swapchain image views
for (size_t i = 0; i < swapchainImages.size(); i++)
swapchainImageViews[i] = createImageView(swapchainImages[i], swapchainImageFormat);
}
void createRenderPass() {
// Create render pass color attachment description
VkAttachmentDescription colorAttachment{};
colorAttachment.format = swapchainImageFormat;
colorAttachment.samples = VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT;
colorAttachment.loadOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_CLEAR;
colorAttachment.storeOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_STORE;
colorAttachment.stencilLoadOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_DONT_CARE;
colorAttachment.stencilStoreOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_DONT_CARE;
colorAttachment.initialLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED;
colorAttachment.finalLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_PRESENT_SRC_KHR;
// Create render pass color attachment reference
VkAttachmentReference colorAttachmentRef{};
colorAttachmentRef.attachment = 0;
colorAttachmentRef.layout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL;
VkSubpassDescription subpass{};
subpass.pipelineBindPoint = VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS;
subpass.colorAttachmentCount = 1;
subpass.pColorAttachments = &colorAttachmentRef;
// Create subpass dependencies
VkSubpassDependency dependency{};
dependency.srcSubpass = VK_SUBPASS_EXTERNAL;
dependency.dstSubpass = 0;
dependency.srcStageMask = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OUTPUT_BIT;
dependency.srcAccessMask = 0;
dependency.dstStageMask = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OUTPUT_BIT;
dependency.dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_WRITE_BIT;
// Create render pass info struct
VkRenderPassCreateInfo renderPassInfo{};
renderPassInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_RENDER_PASS_CREATE_INFO;
renderPassInfo.attachmentCount = 1;
renderPassInfo.pAttachments = &colorAttachment;
renderPassInfo.subpassCount = 1;
renderPassInfo.pSubpasses = &subpass;
renderPassInfo.dependencyCount = 1;
renderPassInfo.pDependencies = &dependency;
VkResult res = vkCreateRenderPass(logicalDevice, &renderPassInfo, nullptr, &renderPass);
if (res != VK_SUCCESS)
throw std::runtime_error("Failed to create render pass!");
}
void createDescriptorSetLayout() {
// Set up UBO descriptor set layout binding
VkDescriptorSetLayoutBinding uboLayoutBinding{};
uboLayoutBinding.binding = 0;
uboLayoutBinding.descriptorType = VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_UNIFORM_BUFFER;
uboLayoutBinding.descriptorCount = 1;
uboLayoutBinding.stageFlags = VK_SHADER_STAGE_VERTEX_BIT;
// Set up sample descriptor set layout binding
VkDescriptorSetLayoutBinding samplerLayoutBinding{};
samplerLayoutBinding.binding = 1;
samplerLayoutBinding.descriptorCount = 1;
samplerLayoutBinding.descriptorType = VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_COMBINED_IMAGE_SAMPLER;
samplerLayoutBinding.pImmutableSamplers = nullptr;
samplerLayoutBinding.stageFlags = VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT;
// Collect all bindings
std::vector<VkDescriptorSetLayoutBinding> layoutBindings = { uboLayoutBinding, samplerLayoutBinding };
// Create descriptor set layout
VkDescriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo layoutInfo{};
layoutInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DESCRIPTOR_SET_LAYOUT_CREATE_INFO;
layoutInfo.bindingCount = (uint32_t)layoutBindings.size();
layoutInfo.pBindings = layoutBindings.data();
VkResult res = vkCreateDescriptorSetLayout(logicalDevice, &layoutInfo, nullptr, &descriptorSetLayout);
if (res != VK_SUCCESS)
throw std::runtime_error("Failed to create descriptor set layout!");
}
void createGraphicsPipeline() {
VkResult res;
// Read shader code from spv files
std::vector<char> vertShaderCode = readBinaryFile("shaders/spv/triangle-vert.spv");
std::vector<char> fragShaderCode = readBinaryFile("shaders/spv/triangle-frag.spv");
// Create shader modules from code
VkShaderModule vertShaderModule = createShaderModule(vertShaderCode);
VkShaderModule fragShaderModule = createShaderModule(fragShaderCode);
// Create shader pipeline stage info structs
VkPipelineShaderStageCreateInfo vertShaderStageInfo{};
vertShaderStageInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_SHADER_STAGE_CREATE_INFO;
vertShaderStageInfo.stage = VK_SHADER_STAGE_VERTEX_BIT;
vertShaderStageInfo.module = vertShaderModule;
vertShaderStageInfo.pName = "main";
VkPipelineShaderStageCreateInfo fragShaderStageInfo{};
fragShaderStageInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_SHADER_STAGE_CREATE_INFO;
fragShaderStageInfo.stage = VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT;
fragShaderStageInfo.module = fragShaderModule;
fragShaderStageInfo.pName = "main";
VkPipelineShaderStageCreateInfo shaderStages[] = { vertShaderStageInfo, fragShaderStageInfo };
// Create pipeline vertex input state info struct
VkPipelineVertexInputStateCreateInfo vertexInputInfo{};
VkVertexInputBindingDescription bindingDescription = Vertex::getBindingDescription();
std::vector<VkVertexInputAttributeDescription> attributeDescriptions = Vertex::getAttributeDescriptions();
vertexInputInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_VERTEX_INPUT_STATE_CREATE_INFO;
vertexInputInfo.vertexBindingDescriptionCount = 1;
vertexInputInfo.vertexAttributeDescriptionCount = (uint32_t)attributeDescriptions.size();
vertexInputInfo.pVertexBindingDescriptions = &bindingDescription;
vertexInputInfo.pVertexAttributeDescriptions = attributeDescriptions.data();
// Create pipeline input assembly state info struct
VkPipelineInputAssemblyStateCreateInfo inputAssembly{};
inputAssembly.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_INPUT_ASSEMBLY_STATE_CREATE_INFO;
inputAssembly.topology = VK_PRIMITIVE_TOPOLOGY_TRIANGLE_LIST;
inputAssembly.primitiveRestartEnable = VK_FALSE;
// Create viewport info
VkViewport viewport{};
viewport.x = 0.0f;
viewport.y = 0.0f;
viewport.width = (float) swapchainExtent.width;
viewport.height = (float) swapchainExtent.height;
viewport.minDepth = 0.0f;
viewport.maxDepth = 1.0f;
// Create scissor rectangle
VkRect2D scissor{};
scissor.offset = { 0, 0 };
scissor.extent = swapchainExtent;
// Create viewport state from viewport and scissor rectangle
VkPipelineViewportStateCreateInfo viewportState{};
viewportState.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_VIEWPORT_STATE_CREATE_INFO;
viewportState.viewportCount = 1;
viewportState.pViewports = &viewport;
viewportState.scissorCount = 1;
viewportState.pScissors = &scissor;
// Create rasterizer state info struct
VkPipelineRasterizationStateCreateInfo rasterizer{};
rasterizer.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_RASTERIZATION_STATE_CREATE_INFO;
rasterizer.depthClampEnable = VK_FALSE;
rasterizer.rasterizerDiscardEnable = VK_FALSE;
rasterizer.polygonMode = VK_POLYGON_MODE_FILL;
rasterizer.lineWidth = 1.0f;
rasterizer.cullMode = VK_CULL_MODE_BACK_BIT;
rasterizer.frontFace = VK_FRONT_FACE_COUNTER_CLOCKWISE;
rasterizer.depthBiasEnable = VK_FALSE;
// Create multisampler state info struct
VkPipelineMultisampleStateCreateInfo multisampler{};
multisampler.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_MULTISAMPLE_STATE_CREATE_INFO;
multisampler.sampleShadingEnable = VK_FALSE;
multisampler.rasterizationSamples = VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT;
// Create color blend attachment state info struct
VkPipelineColorBlendAttachmentState colorBlendAttachment{};
colorBlendAttachment.colorWriteMask = VK_COLOR_COMPONENT_R_BIT | VK_COLOR_COMPONENT_G_BIT | VK_COLOR_COMPONENT_B_BIT | VK_COLOR_COMPONENT_A_BIT;
colorBlendAttachment.blendEnable = VK_FALSE;
// Create color blend state info struct
VkPipelineColorBlendStateCreateInfo colorBlending{};
colorBlending.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_COLOR_BLEND_STATE_CREATE_INFO;
colorBlending.logicOpEnable = VK_FALSE;
colorBlending.attachmentCount = 1;
colorBlending.pAttachments = &colorBlendAttachment;
// Create pipeline uniform layout
VkPipelineLayoutCreateInfo pipelineLayoutInfo{};
pipelineLayoutInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_LAYOUT_CREATE_INFO;
pipelineLayoutInfo.setLayoutCount = 1;
pipelineLayoutInfo.pSetLayouts = &descriptorSetLayout;
res = vkCreatePipelineLayout(logicalDevice, &pipelineLayoutInfo, nullptr, &pipelineLayout);
if (res != VK_SUCCESS)
throw std::runtime_error("Failed to create pipeline layout!");
// Create graphics pipeline info struct
VkGraphicsPipelineCreateInfo pipelineInfo{};
pipelineInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_GRAPHICS_PIPELINE_CREATE_INFO;
pipelineInfo.stageCount = 2;
pipelineInfo.pStages = shaderStages;
pipelineInfo.pVertexInputState = &vertexInputInfo;
pipelineInfo.pInputAssemblyState = &inputAssembly;
pipelineInfo.pViewportState = &viewportState;
pipelineInfo.pRasterizationState = &rasterizer;
pipelineInfo.pMultisampleState = &multisampler;
pipelineInfo.pDepthStencilState = nullptr;
pipelineInfo.pColorBlendState = &colorBlending;
pipelineInfo.pDynamicState = nullptr;
pipelineInfo.layout = pipelineLayout;
pipelineInfo.renderPass = renderPass;
pipelineInfo.subpass = 0;
pipelineInfo.basePipelineHandle = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
pipelineInfo.basePipelineIndex = -1;
// Create graphics pipeline
res = vkCreateGraphicsPipelines(logicalDevice, VK_NULL_HANDLE, 1, &pipelineInfo, nullptr, &graphicsPipeline);
if (res != VK_SUCCESS)
throw std::runtime_error("Failed to create graphics pipeline!");
// Clean up shader modules after graphics pipeline created
vkDestroyShaderModule(logicalDevice, vertShaderModule, nullptr);
vkDestroyShaderModule(logicalDevice, fragShaderModule, nullptr);
}
void createFramebuffers() {
swapchainFramebuffers.resize(swapchainImageViews.size());
for (size_t i = 0; i < swapchainImageViews.size(); i++) {
VkImageView attachments[] = { swapchainImageViews[i] };
VkFramebufferCreateInfo framebufferInfo{};
framebufferInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_FRAMEBUFFER_CREATE_INFO;
framebufferInfo.renderPass = renderPass;
framebufferInfo.attachmentCount = 1;
framebufferInfo.pAttachments = attachments;
framebufferInfo.width = swapchainExtent.width;
framebufferInfo.height = swapchainExtent.height;
framebufferInfo.layers = 1;
VkResult res = vkCreateFramebuffer(logicalDevice, &framebufferInfo, nullptr, &swapchainFramebuffers[i]);
if (res != VK_SUCCESS)
throw std::runtime_error("Failed to create framebuffer!");
}
}
void createCommandPool() {
QueueFamilyIndices queueFamilyIndices = getQueueFamilies(physicalDevice);
VkCommandPoolCreateInfo poolInfo{};
poolInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COMMAND_POOL_CREATE_INFO;
poolInfo.flags = VK_COMMAND_POOL_CREATE_RESET_COMMAND_BUFFER_BIT;
poolInfo.queueFamilyIndex = queueFamilyIndices.graphicsFamily.value();
VkResult res = vkCreateCommandPool(logicalDevice, &poolInfo, nullptr, &commandPool);
if (res != VK_SUCCESS)
throw std::runtime_error("Failed to create command pool!");
}
void beginOneTimeCommands(VkCommandBuffer& commandBuffer) {
// Allocate new command buffer
VkCommandBufferAllocateInfo allocInfo{};
allocInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COMMAND_BUFFER_ALLOCATE_INFO;
allocInfo.level = VK_COMMAND_BUFFER_LEVEL_PRIMARY;
allocInfo.commandPool = commandPool;
allocInfo.commandBufferCount = 1;
vkAllocateCommandBuffers(logicalDevice, &allocInfo, &commandBuffer);
// Begin recording to command buffer
VkCommandBufferBeginInfo beginInfo{};
beginInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COMMAND_BUFFER_BEGIN_INFO;
beginInfo.flags = VK_COMMAND_BUFFER_USAGE_ONE_TIME_SUBMIT_BIT;
vkBeginCommandBuffer(commandBuffer, &beginInfo);
}
void endOneTimeCommands(VkCommandBuffer& commandBuffer) {
// End recording to command buffer
vkEndCommandBuffer(commandBuffer);
// Submit command buffer, wait until device idle
VkSubmitInfo submitInfo{};
submitInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SUBMIT_INFO;
submitInfo.commandBufferCount = 1;
submitInfo.pCommandBuffers = &commandBuffer;
vkQueueSubmit(graphicsQueue, 1, &submitInfo, VK_NULL_HANDLE);
vkQueueWaitIdle(graphicsQueue);
// Free command buffer
vkFreeCommandBuffers(logicalDevice, commandPool, 1, &commandBuffer);
}
void createBuffer(VkDeviceSize size, VkBufferUsageFlags usage, VkMemoryPropertyFlags properties, VkBuffer& buffer, VkDeviceMemory& bufferMemory) {
VkResult res;
// Create buffer
VkBufferCreateInfo bufferInfo{};
bufferInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_BUFFER_CREATE_INFO;
bufferInfo.size = size;
bufferInfo.usage = usage;
bufferInfo.sharingMode = VK_SHARING_MODE_EXCLUSIVE;
res = vkCreateBuffer(logicalDevice, &bufferInfo, nullptr, &buffer);
if (res != VK_SUCCESS)
throw std::runtime_error("Failed to create buffer!");
// Get memory requirements of buffer
VkMemoryRequirements memRequirements;
vkGetBufferMemoryRequirements(logicalDevice, buffer, &memRequirements);
// Allocate buffer memory
VkMemoryAllocateInfo allocInfo{};
allocInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_MEMORY_ALLOCATE_INFO;
allocInfo.allocationSize = memRequirements.size;
allocInfo.memoryTypeIndex = findMemoryType(memRequirements.memoryTypeBits, properties);
res = vkAllocateMemory(logicalDevice, &allocInfo, nullptr, &bufferMemory);
if (res != VK_SUCCESS)
throw std::runtime_error("Failed to allocate buffer memory!");
// Bind memory to buffer
vkBindBufferMemory(logicalDevice, buffer, bufferMemory, 0);
}
void copyBuffer(VkBuffer srcBuffer, VkBuffer dstBuffer, VkDeviceSize size) {
// Allocate and start recording to one time use command buffer
VkCommandBuffer commandBuffer;
beginOneTimeCommands(commandBuffer);
// Copy source buffer to destination buffer
VkBufferCopy copyRegion{};
copyRegion.size = size;
vkCmdCopyBuffer(commandBuffer, srcBuffer, dstBuffer, 1, ©Region);
// End recording and free command buffer
endOneTimeCommands(commandBuffer);
}
void copyBufferToImage(VkBuffer buffer, VkImage image, uint32_t width, uint32_t height) {
// Allocate and start recording to one time use command buffer
VkCommandBuffer commandBuffer;
beginOneTimeCommands(commandBuffer);
// Set up buffer to image copy
VkBufferImageCopy region{};
region.bufferOffset = 0;
region.bufferRowLength = 0;
region.bufferImageHeight = 0;
region.imageSubresource.aspectMask = VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT;
region.imageSubresource.mipLevel = 0;
region.imageSubresource.baseArrayLayer = 0;
region.imageSubresource.layerCount = 1;
region.imageOffset = {0, 0, 0};
region.imageExtent = { width, height, 1 };
// Copy buffer to image
vkCmdCopyBufferToImage(commandBuffer, buffer, image, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_DST_OPTIMAL, 1, ®ion);
// End recording and free command buffer
endOneTimeCommands(commandBuffer);
}
void transitionImageLayout(VkImage image, VkFormat format, VkImageLayout oldLayout, VkImageLayout newLayout) {
// Allocate and start recording to one time use command buffer
VkCommandBuffer commandBuffer;
beginOneTimeCommands(commandBuffer);
VkImageMemoryBarrier barrier{};
barrier.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_MEMORY_BARRIER;
barrier.oldLayout = oldLayout;
barrier.newLayout = newLayout;
barrier.srcQueueFamilyIndex = VK_QUEUE_FAMILY_IGNORED;
barrier.dstQueueFamilyIndex = VK_QUEUE_FAMILY_IGNORED;
barrier.image = image;
barrier.subresourceRange.aspectMask = VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT;
barrier.subresourceRange.baseMipLevel = 0;
barrier.subresourceRange.levelCount = 1;
barrier.subresourceRange.baseArrayLayer = 0;
barrier.subresourceRange.layerCount = 1;
VkPipelineStageFlags sourceStage;
VkPipelineStageFlags destinationStage;
if (oldLayout == VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED && newLayout == VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_DST_OPTIMAL) {
barrier.srcAccessMask = 0;
barrier.dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT;
sourceStage = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TOP_OF_PIPE_BIT;
destinationStage = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT;
} else if (oldLayout == VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_DST_OPTIMAL && newLayout == VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_SHADER_READ_ONLY_OPTIMAL) {
barrier.srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT;
barrier.dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_SHADER_READ_BIT;
sourceStage = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT;
destinationStage = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_FRAGMENT_SHADER_BIT;
} else throw std::invalid_argument("Unsupported image layout transition!");
vkCmdPipelineBarrier(commandBuffer, sourceStage, destinationStage, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr, 1, &barrier);
// End recording and free command buffer
endOneTimeCommands(commandBuffer);
}
void createImage(uint32_t width, uint32_t height, VkFormat format, VkImageTiling tiling, VkImageUsageFlags usage, VkMemoryPropertyFlags properties, VkImage& image, VkDeviceMemory& imageMemory) {
VkResult res;
VkImageCreateInfo imageInfo{};
imageInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_CREATE_INFO;
imageInfo.imageType = VK_IMAGE_TYPE_2D;
imageInfo.extent.width = width;
imageInfo.extent.height = height;
imageInfo.extent.depth = 1;
imageInfo.mipLevels = 1;
imageInfo.arrayLayers = 1;
imageInfo.format = format;
imageInfo.tiling = tiling;
imageInfo.initialLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED;
imageInfo.usage = usage;
imageInfo.samples = VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT;
imageInfo.sharingMode = VK_SHARING_MODE_EXCLUSIVE;
res = vkCreateImage(logicalDevice, &imageInfo, nullptr, &image);
if (res != VK_SUCCESS)
throw std::runtime_error("failed to create image!");
VkMemoryRequirements memRequirements;
vkGetImageMemoryRequirements(logicalDevice, image, &memRequirements);
VkMemoryAllocateInfo allocInfo{};
allocInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_MEMORY_ALLOCATE_INFO;
allocInfo.allocationSize = memRequirements.size;
allocInfo.memoryTypeIndex = findMemoryType(memRequirements.memoryTypeBits, properties);
res = vkAllocateMemory(logicalDevice, &allocInfo, nullptr, &imageMemory);
if (res != VK_SUCCESS)
throw std::runtime_error("failed to allocate image memory!");
vkBindImageMemory(logicalDevice, image, imageMemory, 0);
}
void createTextureImage() {
// Reading image from file
int tWidth, tHeight, tChannels;
stbi_uc* pixels = stbi_load(TEX_FILENAME.c_str(), &tWidth, &tHeight, &tChannels, STBI_rgb_alpha);
VkDeviceSize imageSize = tWidth * tHeight * 4;
if (!pixels)
throw std::runtime_error("Failed to load texture '" + TEX_FILENAME + "'!");
// Creating staging buffer
VkBuffer stagingBuffer;
VkDeviceMemory stagingBufferMemory;
createBuffer(imageSize, VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT, VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_VISIBLE_BIT | VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_COHERENT_BIT, stagingBuffer, stagingBufferMemory);
// Copy pixels to staging buffer
void* data;
vkMapMemory(logicalDevice, stagingBufferMemory, 0, imageSize, 0, &data);
memcpy(data, pixels, (size_t)imageSize);
vkUnmapMemory(logicalDevice, stagingBufferMemory);
stbi_image_free(pixels);
// Create image
createImage(tWidth, tHeight, VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_SRGB, VK_IMAGE_TILING_OPTIMAL, VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT | VK_IMAGE_USAGE_SAMPLED_BIT, VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT, textureImage, textureImageMemory);
// Transition image layout to transfer destination, copy staging buffer to image, transition to shader read only layout
transitionImageLayout(textureImage, VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_SRGB, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_DST_OPTIMAL);
copyBufferToImage(stagingBuffer, textureImage, (uint32_t)tWidth, (uint32_t)tHeight);
transitionImageLayout(textureImage, VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_SRGB, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_DST_OPTIMAL, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_SHADER_READ_ONLY_OPTIMAL);
// Clean up staging buffer
vkDestroyBuffer(logicalDevice, stagingBuffer, nullptr);
vkFreeMemory(logicalDevice, stagingBufferMemory, nullptr);
// Create image view
textureImageView = createImageView(textureImage, VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_SRGB);
}
void createTextureSampler() {
// Get device properties for max anisotropy
VkPhysicalDeviceProperties properties{};
vkGetPhysicalDeviceProperties(physicalDevice, &properties);
// Create texture image sampler
VkSamplerCreateInfo samplerInfo{};
samplerInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SAMPLER_CREATE_INFO;
samplerInfo.magFilter = VK_FILTER_LINEAR;
samplerInfo.minFilter = VK_FILTER_LINEAR;
samplerInfo.addressModeU = VK_SAMPLER_ADDRESS_MODE_REPEAT;
samplerInfo.addressModeV = VK_SAMPLER_ADDRESS_MODE_REPEAT;
samplerInfo.addressModeW = VK_SAMPLER_ADDRESS_MODE_REPEAT;
samplerInfo.anisotropyEnable = VK_TRUE;
samplerInfo.maxAnisotropy = properties.limits.maxSamplerAnisotropy;
samplerInfo.borderColor = VK_BORDER_COLOR_INT_OPAQUE_BLACK;
samplerInfo.unnormalizedCoordinates = VK_FALSE;
samplerInfo.compareEnable = VK_FALSE;
samplerInfo.compareOp = VK_COMPARE_OP_ALWAYS;
samplerInfo.mipmapMode = VK_SAMPLER_MIPMAP_MODE_LINEAR;
samplerInfo.mipLodBias = 0.0f;
samplerInfo.minLod = 0.0f;
samplerInfo.maxLod = 0.0f;
VkResult res = vkCreateSampler(logicalDevice, &samplerInfo, nullptr, &textureSampler);
if (res != VK_SUCCESS)
throw std::runtime_error("Failed to create texture sampler!");
}
void createVertexBuffer() {
VkDeviceSize bufferSize = sizeof(Vertex) * vertices.size();
// Create staging buffer visible to host
VkBuffer stagingBuffer;
VkDeviceMemory stagingBufferMemory;
createBuffer(bufferSize, VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT, VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_VISIBLE_BIT | VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_COHERENT_BIT, stagingBuffer, stagingBufferMemory);
// Copy vertices to staging buffer as transfer source buffer, with host visible and coherent memory
void* data;
vkMapMemory(logicalDevice, stagingBufferMemory, 0, bufferSize, 0, &data);
memcpy(data, vertices.data(), (size_t)bufferSize);
vkUnmapMemory(logicalDevice, stagingBufferMemory);
// Create vertex buffer as transfer destination buffer, with device local memory
createBuffer(bufferSize, VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT | VK_BUFFER_USAGE_VERTEX_BUFFER_BIT, VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT, vertexBuffer, vertexBufferMemory);
// Copy from staging to vertex buffer
copyBuffer(stagingBuffer, vertexBuffer, bufferSize);
// Destroy staging buffer and free memory
vkDestroyBuffer(logicalDevice, stagingBuffer, nullptr);
vkFreeMemory(logicalDevice, stagingBufferMemory, nullptr);
}
void createIndexBuffer() {
VkDeviceSize bufferSize = sizeof(uint32_t) * indices.size();
// Create staging buffer visible to host
VkBuffer stagingBuffer;
VkDeviceMemory stagingBufferMemory;
createBuffer(bufferSize, VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT, VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_VISIBLE_BIT | VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_COHERENT_BIT, stagingBuffer, stagingBufferMemory);
// Copy indices to staging buffer as transfer soruce buffer, with host visible and coherent memory
void* data;
vkMapMemory(logicalDevice, stagingBufferMemory, 0, bufferSize, 0, &data);
memcpy(data, indices.data(), (size_t)bufferSize);
vkUnmapMemory(logicalDevice, stagingBufferMemory);
// Create index buffer as transfer destination buffer, with device local memory
createBuffer(bufferSize, VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT | VK_BUFFER_USAGE_INDEX_BUFFER_BIT, VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT, indexBuffer, indexBufferMemory);
// Copy from staging to index buffer
copyBuffer(stagingBuffer, indexBuffer, bufferSize);
// Destroy staging buffer and free memory
vkDestroyBuffer(logicalDevice, stagingBuffer, nullptr);
vkFreeMemory(logicalDevice, stagingBufferMemory, nullptr);
}
void createUniformBuffers() {
VkDeviceSize bufferSize = sizeof(UniformBufferObject);
uniformBuffers.resize(MAX_FRAMES_IN_FLIGHT);
uniformBuffersMemory.resize(MAX_FRAMES_IN_FLIGHT);
for (size_t i = 0; i < MAX_FRAMES_IN_FLIGHT; i++)
createBuffer(bufferSize, VK_BUFFER_USAGE_UNIFORM_BUFFER_BIT, VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_VISIBLE_BIT | VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_COHERENT_BIT, uniformBuffers[i], uniformBuffersMemory[i]);
}
void createDescriptorPool() {
std::vector<VkDescriptorPoolSize> poolSizes(2);
poolSizes[0].type = VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_UNIFORM_BUFFER;
poolSizes[0].descriptorCount = (uint32_t)MAX_FRAMES_IN_FLIGHT;
poolSizes[1].type = VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_COMBINED_IMAGE_SAMPLER;
poolSizes[1].descriptorCount = (uint32_t)MAX_FRAMES_IN_FLIGHT;
VkDescriptorPoolCreateInfo poolInfo{};
poolInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DESCRIPTOR_POOL_CREATE_INFO;
poolInfo.poolSizeCount = (uint32_t)poolSizes.size();
poolInfo.pPoolSizes = poolSizes.data();
poolInfo.maxSets = (uint32_t)MAX_FRAMES_IN_FLIGHT;
VkResult res = vkCreateDescriptorPool(logicalDevice, &poolInfo, nullptr, &descriptorPool);
if (res != VK_SUCCESS)
throw std::runtime_error("Failed to create descriptor pool!");
}
void allocateDescriptorSets() {
std::vector<VkDescriptorSetLayout> layouts(MAX_FRAMES_IN_FLIGHT, descriptorSetLayout);
VkDescriptorSetAllocateInfo allocInfo{};
allocInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DESCRIPTOR_SET_ALLOCATE_INFO;
allocInfo.descriptorPool = descriptorPool;
allocInfo.descriptorSetCount = (uint32_t)MAX_FRAMES_IN_FLIGHT;
allocInfo.pSetLayouts = layouts.data();
descriptorSets.resize(MAX_FRAMES_IN_FLIGHT);
VkResult res = vkAllocateDescriptorSets(logicalDevice, &allocInfo, descriptorSets.data());
if (res != VK_SUCCESS)
throw std::runtime_error("Failed to allocate descriptor sets!");
for (size_t i = 0; i < MAX_FRAMES_IN_FLIGHT; i++) {
// Create UBO descriptor info
VkDescriptorBufferInfo bufferInfo{};
bufferInfo.buffer = uniformBuffers[i];
bufferInfo.offset = 0;
bufferInfo.range = sizeof(UniformBufferObject);
// Create sampler descriptor info
VkDescriptorImageInfo imageInfo{};
imageInfo.imageLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_SHADER_READ_ONLY_OPTIMAL;
imageInfo.imageView = textureImageView;
imageInfo.sampler = textureSampler;
// Create descriptor writes for descriptor set allocations
std::vector<VkWriteDescriptorSet> descriptorWrites(2);
descriptorWrites[0].sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_WRITE_DESCRIPTOR_SET;
descriptorWrites[0].dstSet = descriptorSets[i];
descriptorWrites[0].dstBinding = 0;
descriptorWrites[0].dstArrayElement = 0;
descriptorWrites[0].descriptorType = VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_UNIFORM_BUFFER;
descriptorWrites[0].descriptorCount = 1;
descriptorWrites[0].pBufferInfo = &bufferInfo;
descriptorWrites[1].sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_WRITE_DESCRIPTOR_SET;
descriptorWrites[1].dstSet = descriptorSets[i];
descriptorWrites[1].dstBinding = 1;
descriptorWrites[1].dstArrayElement = 0;
descriptorWrites[1].descriptorType = VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_COMBINED_IMAGE_SAMPLER;
descriptorWrites[1].descriptorCount = 1;
descriptorWrites[1].pImageInfo = &imageInfo;
vkUpdateDescriptorSets(logicalDevice, (uint32_t)descriptorWrites.size(), descriptorWrites.data(), 0, nullptr);
}
}
void createSyncObjects() {
imageAvailableSemaphores.resize(MAX_FRAMES_IN_FLIGHT);
renderFinishedSemaphores.resize(MAX_FRAMES_IN_FLIGHT);
inFlightFences.resize(MAX_FRAMES_IN_FLIGHT);
VkSemaphoreCreateInfo semaphoreInfo{};
semaphoreInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_FENCE_CREATE_INFO;
VkFenceCreateInfo fenceInfo{};
fenceInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_FENCE_CREATE_INFO;
fenceInfo.flags = VK_FENCE_CREATE_SIGNALED_BIT;
for (size_t i = 0; i < MAX_FRAMES_IN_FLIGHT; i++) {
if (vkCreateSemaphore(logicalDevice, &semaphoreInfo, nullptr, &imageAvailableSemaphores[i]) != VK_SUCCESS)
throw std::runtime_error("Failed to create image available semaphore!");