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CodeIgniter 2.1 internationalization i18n
Category:Internationalization Category:Core::Language Category:Libraries::Internationalization Category:Libraries::Language
Internationalization (i18n) for CodeIgniter 2.x is small modification to: [url]http://maestric.com/doc/php/codeigniter_i18n[/url] to work with CodeIgniter 2.1.
Original Author: Jérôme Jaglale. Original Post (and instructions): [url]http://maestric.com/doc/php/codeigniter_i18n[/url]. Modifications by Yeb Reitsma Placeholders substitution in language strings: [url=http://codeigniter.com/member/40637]alvil[/url] (original wiki page: [url]http://codeigniter.com/wiki/Placeholders_substitution_in_language_strings/[/url])
Use [url=http://codeigniter.com/user_guide/libraries/language.html]CodeIgniter's Language Class[/url] through the language in the URI: [pre]http://example.com/en/welcome http://example.com/es/welcome[/pre] with the possibility to add placeholders ("%s") inside your language strings, to make it more dinamic.
a) With Apache it's usually achieved with mod_rewrite through an .htaccess. (See [url=http://codeigniter.com/user_guide/general/urls.html]CodeIgniter User Guide for URLs[/url] for more information about this)
b) In .application/config/config.php set to blank [pre]$config['index_page'] = ””[/pre]
<?php (defined('BASEPATH')) OR exit('No direct script access allowed');
// Originaly CodeIgniter i18n library by Jérôme Jaglale
// http://maestric.com/en/doc/php/codeigniter_i18n
// modification by Yeb Reitsma
/*
in case you use it with the HMVC modular extension
uncomment this and remove the other lines
load the MX_Loader class */
//require APPPATH."third_party/MX/Lang.php";
//class MY_Lang extends MX_Lang {
class MY_Lang extends CI_Lang {
/**************************************************
configuration
***************************************************/
// languages
private $languages = array(
'en' => 'english',
'de' => 'german',
'fr' => 'french',
'nl' => 'dutch'
);
// special URIs (not localized)
private $special = array (
"admin"
);
// where to redirect if no language in URI
private $uri;
private $default_uri;
private $lang_code;
/**************************************************/
function MY_Lang()
{
parent::__construct();
global $CFG;
global $URI;
global $RTR;
$this->uri = $URI->uri_string();
$this->default_uri = $RTR->default_controller;
$uri_segment = $this->get_uri_lang($this->uri);
$this->lang_code = $uri_segment['lang'] ;
$url_ok = false;
if ((!empty($this->lang_code)) && (array_key_exists($this->lang_code, $this->languages)))
{
$language = $this->languages[$this->lang_code];
$CFG->set_item('language', $language);
$url_ok = true;
}
if ((!$url_ok) && (!$this->is_special($uri_segment['parts'][0]))) // special URI -> no redirect
{
// set default language
$CFG->set_item('language', $this->languages[$this->default_lang()]);
$uri = (!empty($this->uri)) ? $this->uri: $this->default_uri;
$uri = ($uri[0] != '/') ? '/'.$uri : $uri;
$new_url = $CFG->config['base_url'].$this->default_lang().$uri;
header("Location: " . $new_url, TRUE, 302);
exit;
}
}
// get current language
// ex: return 'en' if language in CI config is 'english'
function lang()
{
global $CFG;
$language = $CFG->item('language');
$lang = array_search($language, $this->languages);
if ($lang)
{
return $lang;
}
return NULL; // this should not happen
}
function is_special($lang_code)
{
if ((!empty($lang_code)) && (in_array($lang_code, $this->special)))
return TRUE;
else
return FALSE;
}
function switch_uri($lang)
{
if ((!empty($this->uri)) && (array_key_exists($lang, $this->languages)))
{
if ($uri_segment = $this->get_uri_lang($this->uri))
{
$uri_segment['parts'][0] = $lang;
$uri = implode('/',$uri_segment['parts']);
}
else
{
$uri = $lang.'/'.$this->uri;
}
}
return $uri;
}
//check if the language exists
//when true returns an array with lang abbreviation + rest
function get_uri_lang($uri = '')
{
if (!empty($uri))
{
$uri = ($uri[0] == '/') ? substr($uri, 1): $uri;
$uri_expl = explode('/', $uri, 2);
$uri_segment['lang'] = NULL;
$uri_segment['parts'] = $uri_expl;
if (array_key_exists($uri_expl[0], $this->languages))
{
$uri_segment['lang'] = $uri_expl[0];
}
return $uri_segment;
}
else
return FALSE;
}
// default language: first element of $this->languages
function default_lang()
{
$browser_lang = !empty($_SERVER['HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE']) ? strtok(strip_tags($_SERVER['HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE']), ',') : '';
$browser_lang = substr($browser_lang, 0,2);
return (array_key_exists($browser_lang, $this->languages)) ? $browser_lang: 'en';
}
// add language segment to $uri (if appropriate)
function localized($uri)
{
if (!empty($uri))
{
$uri_segment = $this->get_uri_lang($uri);
if (!$uri_segment['lang'])
{
if ((!$this->is_special($uri_segment['parts'][0])) && (!preg_match('/(.+)\.[a-zA-Z0-9]{2,4}$/', $uri)))
{
$uri = $this->lang() . '/' . $uri;
}
}
}
return $uri;
}
}
// END MY_Lang Class
/* End of file MY_Lang.php */
/* Location: ./application/core/MY_Lang.php */Add your languages to the "$language" array. The first language will be the default language.
A special URI is not prefixed by a language. The root URI (/) is by default a special URI.
You might need other special URIs, like for an "admin" section, which would be in just one language.
Add "admin" to the "$special" array.
Now, links to "admin" won't be prefixed by the current language.
<?php if ( ! defined('BASEPATH')) exit('No direct script access allowed');
// Originaly CodeIgniter i18n library by Jérôme Jaglale
// http://maestric.com/en/doc/php/codeigniter_i18n
//modification by Yeb Reitsma
/*
in case you use it with the HMVC modular extention
uncomment this and remove the other lines
load the MX_Loader class */
//require APPPATH."third_party/MX/Config.php";
//class MY_Config extends MX_Config {
class MY_Config extends CI_Config {
function site_url($uri = '')
{
if (is_array($uri))
{
$uri = implode('/', $uri);
}
if (function_exists('get_instance'))
{
$CI =& get_instance();
$uri = $CI->lang->localized($uri);
}
return parent::site_url($uri);
}
}
// END MY_Config Class
/* End of file MY_Config.php */
/* Location: ./application/core/MY_Config.php */ In case you are going to use placeholders (add dynamic variables to your language strings), you'll need to modify the language helper in order to substitute each placeholder ("%s") with its correspondent value.
<?php if ( ! defined('BASEPATH')) exit('No direct script access allowed');
function lang($line, $id = '')
{
$CI =& get_instance();
$line = $CI->lang->line($line);
$args = func_get_args();
if(is_array($args)) array_shift($args);
if(is_array($args) && count($args))
{
foreach($args as $arg)
{
$line = str_replace_first('%s', $arg, $line);
}
}
if ($id != '')
{
$line = '<label for="'.$id.'">'.$line."</label>";
}
return $line;
}
function str_replace_first($search_for, $replace_with, $in)
{
$pos = strpos($in, $search_for);
if($pos === false)
{
return $in;
}
else
{
return substr($in, 0, $pos) . $replace_with . substr($in, $pos + strlen($search_for), strlen($in));
}
}
/* End of file MY_language_helper.php */
/* Location: ./application/helpers/MY_language_helper */Add these lines to ./application/config/routes.php:
// URI like '/en/about' -> use controller 'about'
$route['^(en|de|fr|nl)/(.+)$'] = "$2";
// '/en', '/de', '/fr' and '/nl' URIs -> use default controller
$route['^(en|de|fr|nl)$'] = $route['default_controller'];where en|de|fr|nl are the same languages as in your "MY_Lang"'s "$languages" array.
As explained in [url=http://codeigniter.com/user_guide/libraries/language.html]CodeIgniter's Language Class user guide[/url]. Read this carefully to learn how to load, store and write language files.
You can add placeholders inside your strings. For instance, if you like to add the "username" to a string, you can by writing this lang string:
$lang['welcome'] = "Welcome, %s.";See 8. Create View for further reference.
<?php
class About extends Controller {
function index()
{
// you might want to just autoload these two helpers
$this->load->helper('language');
$this->load->helper('url');
// load language file
$this->lang->load('about');
$this->load->view('about');
}
}
/* End of file about.php */
/* Location: ./application/controllers/about.php */To fetch a lang line or add an anchor:
<p><?=lang('about.gender')?></p>
<p><?=anchor('music','Shania Twain')?></p>Read [url=http://codeigniter.com/user_guide/helpers/language_helper.html]CodeIgniter's Language Helper user guide[/url] to learn more on how to fetch language lines.
In case you use placeholders inside your language strings, you can use them like this:
<p><?php $username = "John Doe";
echo lang('welcome', $username)?></p>This should appear like: ```php Welcome, John Doe.
That's all. Try it, it should work!
## Notes
- You might need to **translate some of CodeIgniter's language files** in system/language. Example: if you're using the “Form Validation” library for French pages, translate system/language/form_validation_lang.php to system/application/language/french/form_validation_lang.php.
- Links to internal pages are prefixed by the current language, but links to files are not:
```php
site_url('about/my_work');
// http://mywebsite.com/en/about/my_work
site_url('css/styles.css');
// http://mywebsite.com/css/styles.css
- Get the current language:
$this->lang->lang();
// en- Switch to another language:
anchor($this->lang->switch_uri('fr'),'Display current page in French');- [url=http://codeigniter.com/forums/viewthread/197965/#930928]Avoid Spider Bots problems with "$_SERVER['HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE']"[/url]
It works on a scratch installation of CodeIgniter 2.0.3, on MAPM 2.0.3 (localhost) in Mac OS X 10.7.2 (2011-10-23)