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atom.xml
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<feed xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom">
<title>atao89</title>
<subtitle>一个专注前端技术的菜鸟</subtitle>
<link href="http://example.com/atom.xml" rel="self"/>
<link href="http://example.com/"/>
<updated>2021-11-09T05:45:54.919Z</updated>
<id>http://example.com/</id>
<author>
<name>atao89</name>
</author>
<generator uri="https://hexo.io/">Hexo</generator>
<entry>
<title>Vue自定义指令</title>
<link href="http://example.com/2021/11/09/directive/"/>
<id>http://example.com/2021/11/09/directive/</id>
<published>2021-11-09T05:42:53.000Z</published>
<updated>2021-11-09T05:45:54.919Z</updated>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<h2 id="自定义指令"><a href="#自定义指令" class="headerlink" title="自定义指令"></a>自定义指令</h2><p>在某些情况下，Vue 提供给我们的指令是非常不够的，比如有一个输入框需要在点击的时候能弹出日期控件，这个功能 Vue 并不支持，但 Vue 支持我们自定义指令。</p><p>自定义指令和定义组件的方式很类式，也是有全局指令和局部指令之分</p><h3 id="全局指令"><a href="#全局指令" class="headerlink" title="全局指令"></a>全局指令</h3><figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">div</span> <span class="attr">id</span>=<span class="string">"app"</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"><!--在这里使用了一个自定义的指令 v-global--></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">input</span> <span class="attr">type</span>=<span class="string">"text"</span> <span class="attr">value</span>=<span class="string">""</span> <span class="attr">v-global</span> /></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"></<span class="name">div</span>></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 注册一个全局自定义指令 v-global，指令名称不用加前缀 v-</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 当元素使用了 v-global 这个指令时会触发对应的 function</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 参数 element：使用指令的元素</span></span><br><span class="line">Vue.directive(<span class="string">'global'</span>, <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params">element</span>)</span>{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">//默认触发钩子函数的 inserted</span></span><br><span class="line"> element.value = <span class="string">"世界和平"</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> element.focus();</span><br><span class="line">})</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> vm = <span class="keyword">new</span> Vue({</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">el</span>: <span class="string">'#app'</span></span><br><span class="line">})</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h3 id="局部指令"><a href="#局部指令" class="headerlink" title="局部指令"></a>局部指令</h3><figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">div</span> <span class="attr">id</span>=<span class="string">"app"</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"><!--在这里使用了一个自定义的指令 v-private--></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">input</span> <span class="attr">type</span>=<span class="string">"text"</span> <span class="attr">value</span>=<span class="string">""</span> <span class="attr">v-private</span> /></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"></<span class="name">div</span>></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> vm = <span class="keyword">new</span> Vue({</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">el</span>: <span class="string">'#app'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">directives</span>: {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">//注册一个局布指令 private，指令名称不用加前缀 v-</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 当元素使用了 v-private 这个指令时会触发对应的 function</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 参数 element：使用指令的元素</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">private</span>: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params">element</span>)</span>{</span><br><span class="line"> element.style.background = <span class="string">'#ccc'</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> element.value = <span class="string">"世界和平"</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line">})</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h3 id="钩子函数"><a href="#钩子函数" class="headerlink" title="钩子函数"></a>钩子函数</h3><p>钩子函数可以理解成是指令的生命周期<br><figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">div</span> <span class="attr">id</span>=<span class="string">"app"</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"><!--在这里使用了一个自定义的指令 v-global--></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">input</span> <span class="attr">type</span>=<span class="string">"text"</span> <span class="attr">v-model</span>=<span class="string">"text"</span> <span class="attr">v-demo</span>=<span class="string">"{color:'red'}"</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"></<span class="name">div</span>></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">Vue.directive(<span class="string">'demo'</span>, {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">//被绑定元素插入父节点时调用</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">//默认触发此方法 Vue.directive('demo', function(element){})</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">//后于 bind 触发 </span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">//参数 element： 使用指令的元素</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">//参数 binding： 使用指令的属性对象</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">//参数 vnode： 整个 Vue 实例</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">inserted</span>: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params">element, binding, vnode</span>)</span>{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">console</span>.log(<span class="string">'inserted'</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">//只调用一次，指令第一次绑定到元素时调用，</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">//用这个钩子函数可以定义一个在绑定时执行一次的初始化动作</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">//先于 inserted 触发</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">bind</span>: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params">element, binding, vnode</span>)</span>{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">console</span>.log(<span class="string">'bind'</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> element.style.color = binding.value.color</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">//被绑定元素所在的模板更新时调用，而不论绑定值是否变化</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">update</span>: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params">element, binding, vnode</span>)</span>{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">console</span>.log(<span class="string">'update'</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">//被绑定元素所在模板完成一次更新周期时调用。</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">componentUpdated</span>: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params">element, binding, vnode</span>)</span>{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">console</span>.log(<span class="string">'componentUpdated'</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line">})</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> vm = <span class="keyword">new</span> Vue({</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">el</span>: <span class="string">'#app'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">data</span>:{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">text</span>: <span class="string">'钩子函数'</span></span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line">})</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p><h3 id="案例：自定义日期控件"><a href="#案例：自定义日期控件" class="headerlink" title="案例：自定义日期控件"></a>案例：自定义日期控件</h3><p>这里用 boostrap 的 datepicker 插件实现<br><figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">div</span> <span class="attr">id</span>=<span class="string">"app"</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"><!--直接在 jQuery 环境下使用 datepicker 插件--></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">input</span> <span class="attr">type</span>=<span class="string">"text"</span> <span class="attr">id</span>=<span class="string">"datepicker"</span> <span class="attr">data-date-format</span>=<span class="string">"yyyy-mm-dd"</span>/></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"><!--使用 Vue 自定义指令 v-datepicker--></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">input</span> <span class="attr">type</span>=<span class="string">"text"</span> <span class="attr">v-datepicker</span> <span class="attr">data-date-format</span>=<span class="string">"yyyy-mm-dd"</span>/></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">input</span> <span class="attr">type</span>=<span class="string">"button"</span> <span class="attr">value</span>=<span class="string">"保存"</span> @<span class="attr">click</span>=<span class="string">"save"</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">span</span>></span>{{dataform.birthday}}<span class="tag"></<span class="name">span</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"></<span class="name">div</span>></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">//在没有使用 Vue 前，datepicker 插件在 jQuery 的环境下是这样使用</span></span><br><span class="line">$(<span class="string">'#datepicker'</span>).datepicker();</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//使用 Vue 自定义指令 v-datepicker</span></span><br><span class="line">Vue.directive(<span class="string">'datepicker'</span>, <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params">element, binding, vnode</span>)</span>{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// data = dataform.birthday</span></span><br><span class="line"> $(element).datepicker({</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">language</span>: <span class="string">'zh-CN'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">pickTime</span>: <span class="literal">false</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">todayBtn</span>: <span class="literal">true</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">autoclose</span>: <span class="literal">true</span></span><br><span class="line"> }).on(<span class="string">'changeDate'</span>, <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params"></span>)</span>{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">//由于不是手动在 input 输入值，所以双向绑定 v-model 无效</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">//所以需要手动改变实例的数据模型</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">var</span> data = $(element).data(<span class="string">'model'</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span>(data){</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// datas = ['dataform', 'birthday']</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">var</span> datas = data.split(<span class="string">'.'</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">//context = vm</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">var</span> context = vnode.context;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">//循环属性自动添加</span></span><br><span class="line"> datas.map(<span class="function">(<span class="params">ele, idx</span>) =></span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">//最后一个属性就直接赋值</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span>(idx == datas.length - <span class="number">1</span>){</span><br><span class="line"> context[ele] = element.value</span><br><span class="line"> } <span class="keyword">else</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">//动态添加属性</span></span><br><span class="line"> context = context[ele]</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> })</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> })</span><br><span class="line">})</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> vm = <span class="keyword">new</span> Vue({</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">el</span>: <span class="string">'#app'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">data</span>: {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">dataform</span>: {}</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">methods</span>: {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">save</span>: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params"></span>)</span>{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">//使用 $set 更新 dataform</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">//更多 $set 的使用在下面继续介绍</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">this</span>.$set(<span class="built_in">this</span>.dataform)</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line">})</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p><h2 id="set-介绍"><a href="#set-介绍" class="headerlink" title="$set 介绍"></a>$set 介绍</h2><p>当实例对象 data 先设置好了结构，比如：data: {dataform: {}}，在后期想添加一个属性 username 时，这个 username 不会自动绑定到视图当中，所以调用 $set(原对象，新属性名，属性值) 进行绑定到视图当中<br><figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">div</span> <span class="attr">id</span>=<span class="string">"app"</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">input</span> <span class="attr">type</span>=<span class="string">"button"</span> <span class="attr">value</span>=<span class="string">"set"</span> @<span class="attr">click</span>=<span class="string">"set"</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">span</span>></span>{{dataform.username}}<span class="tag"></<span class="name">span</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"></<span class="name">div</span>></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> vm = <span class="keyword">new</span> Vue({</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">el</span>: <span class="string">'#app'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">data</span>: {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">dataform</span>: {}</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">methods</span>: {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">set</span>: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params"></span>)</span>{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 直接赋值不会显示在视图上</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// this.dataform.username = '123'</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">//改用 $set 更新可以在视图上显示</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">this</span>.$set(<span class="built_in">this</span>.dataform, <span class="string">'username'</span>, <span class="string">'123'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line">})</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>]]></content>
<summary type="html"><h2 id="自定义指令"><a href="#自定义指令" class="headerlink" title="自定义指令"></a>自定义指令</h2><p>在某些情况下，Vue 提供给我们的指令是非常不够的，比如有一个输入框需要在点击的时候能弹出日期控件，这个功能 Vue</summary>
<category term="前端" scheme="http://example.com/categories/%E5%89%8D%E7%AB%AF/"/>
<category term="vue" scheme="http://example.com/tags/vue/"/>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>路由</title>
<link href="http://example.com/2021/11/08/router/"/>
<id>http://example.com/2021/11/08/router/</id>
<published>2021-11-08T08:43:12.000Z</published>
<updated>2021-11-08T08:46:01.236Z</updated>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<h2 id="路由"><a href="#路由" class="headerlink" title="路由"></a>路由</h2><p>通过 URL 映射到对应的功能实现，Vue 的路由使用要先引入 vue-router.js</p><h3 id="基本路由入门"><a href="#基本路由入门" class="headerlink" title="基本路由入门"></a>基本路由入门</h3><p>定义 component<br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> Foo = { <span class="attr">template</span>: <span class="string">'<div><h1>Foo Content</h1></div>'</span> };</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> Bar = { <span class="attr">template</span>: <span class="string">'<div><h1>Bar Content</h1></div>'</span> };</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><br>定义路由规则<br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">//每个路由应该映射一个组件。 其中"component" 可以是自定义的组件</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//当 url 为 http://localhost/index.html#/foo 页面会渲染组件 Foo</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//当 url 为 http://localhost/index.html#/bar 页面会渲染组件 Bar</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> routes = [</span><br><span class="line"> {<span class="attr">path</span>: <span class="string">'/foo'</span>, <span class="attr">component</span>: Foo},</span><br><span class="line"> {<span class="attr">path</span>: <span class="string">'/bar'</span>, <span class="attr">component</span>: Bar}</span><br><span class="line">]</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><br>使用<br><figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">div</span> <span class="attr">id</span>=<span class="string">"app"</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">h1</span>></span>Hello VueRouter<span class="tag"></<span class="name">h1</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">p</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"><!-- 使用 router-link 组件来导航. --></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"><!-- 通过传入 `to` 属性指定链接. --></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"><!-- <router-link> 默认会被渲染成一个 `<a>` 标签 --></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"><!-- 属性 `to` 对应生成 `<a>` 标签的 `href` 属性--></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">router-link</span> <span class="attr">to</span>=<span class="string">"/foo"</span>></span>Foo<span class="tag"></<span class="name">router-link</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">router-link</span> <span class="attr">to</span>=<span class="string">"/bar"</span>></span>Bar<span class="tag"></<span class="name">router-link</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"></<span class="name">p</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"><!--路由匹配的组件在此处渲染--></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">router-view</span>></span><span class="tag"></<span class="name">router-view</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"></<span class="name">div</span>></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> router = <span class="keyword">new</span> VueRouter({</span><br><span class="line"> routes <span class="comment">// （缩写）相当于 routes: routes</span></span><br><span class="line">})</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">new</span> Vue({</span><br><span class="line"> router</span><br><span class="line">}).$mount(<span class="string">'#app'</span>)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><br><a href="https://dk-lan.github.io/vue/VueBasic/Router/router.html">效果预览</a></p><h3 id="路由参数"><a href="#路由参数" class="headerlink" title="路由参数"></a>路由参数</h3><figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">div</span> <span class="attr">id</span>=<span class="string">"app"</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">h1</span>></span>Hello VueRouter<span class="tag"></<span class="name">h1</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">p</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">router-link</span> <span class="attr">to</span>=<span class="string">"/user/1"</span>></span>User1<span class="tag"></<span class="name">router-link</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">router-link</span> <span class="attr">to</span>=<span class="string">"/user/2"</span>></span>User2<span class="tag"></<span class="name">router-link</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"></<span class="name">p</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">router-view</span>></span><span class="tag"></<span class="name">router-view</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"></<span class="name">div</span>></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>通过对象 $route.params 来获取参数<br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> User = { <span class="attr">template</span>: <span class="string">'<div><h1>{{$route.params.userid}}</h1></div>'</span> };</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> routes = [</span><br><span class="line"> {<span class="attr">path</span>: <span class="string">'/user/:userid'</span>, <span class="attr">component</span>: User}</span><br><span class="line">] </span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> router = <span class="keyword">new</span> VueRouter({</span><br><span class="line"> routes</span><br><span class="line">})</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">new</span> Vue({</span><br><span class="line"> router</span><br><span class="line">}).$mount(<span class="string">'#app'</span>)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><br><a href="https://dk-lan.github.io/vue/VueBasic/Router/params.html">效果预览</a></p><h3 id="嵌套路由"><a href="#嵌套路由" class="headerlink" title="嵌套路由"></a>嵌套路由</h3><figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">div</span> <span class="attr">id</span>=<span class="string">"app"</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">h1</span>></span>Hello VueRouter<span class="tag"></<span class="name">h1</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">p</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">router-link</span> <span class="attr">to</span>=<span class="string">"/floor1"</span>></span>一楼<span class="tag"></<span class="name">router-link</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"></<span class="name">p</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">router-view</span>></span><span class="tag"></<span class="name">router-view</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"></<span class="name">div</span>></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> Floor1 = { </span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">template</span>: <span class="string">`</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> <div></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> <h1>一楼</h1></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> <router-link to="/floor1/floor2">二楼</router-link></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> <router-view></router-view></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> </div>`</span> </span><br><span class="line">};</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> Floor2 = { <span class="attr">template</span>: <span class="string">'<div><h1>二楼</h1></div>'</span> }; </span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> routes = [</span><br><span class="line"> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">path</span>: <span class="string">'/floor1'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">component</span>: Floor1,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">children</span>: [{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// floor2 会被渲染在 Floor1 的 <router-view> 中</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">path</span>: <span class="string">'floor2'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">component</span>: Floor2</span><br><span class="line"> }]</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line">] </span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> router = <span class="keyword">new</span> VueRouter({</span><br><span class="line"> routes</span><br><span class="line">})</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">new</span> Vue({</span><br><span class="line"> router</span><br><span class="line">}).$mount(<span class="string">'#app'</span>)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p><a href="https://dk-lan.github.io/vue/VueBasic/Router/routerChildren.html">效果预览</a></p><h2 id="编程式导航"><a href="#编程式导航" class="headerlink" title="编程式导航"></a>编程式导航</h2><p>用 javascript 跳转路由<br><figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">div</span> <span class="attr">id</span>=<span class="string">"app"</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">h1</span>></span>Hello VueRouter<span class="tag"></<span class="name">h1</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">p</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"><!--用 `router-link` 组件进行跳转--></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">router-link</span> <span class="attr">to</span>=<span class="string">"/floor1"</span>></span>一楼<span class="tag"></<span class="name">router-link</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"><!--编程式导航1：router.replace--></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">input</span> <span class="attr">type</span>=<span class="string">"button"</span> <span class="attr">value</span>=<span class="string">"一楼"</span> @<span class="attr">click</span>=<span class="string">"router.replace('/floor1')"</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"><!--编程式导航2：router.push()--></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">input</span> <span class="attr">type</span>=<span class="string">"button"</span> <span class="attr">value</span>=<span class="string">"一楼"</span> @<span class="attr">click</span>=<span class="string">"router.push('/floor1')"</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"><!--编程式导航3：router.push({})--></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">input</span> <span class="attr">type</span>=<span class="string">"button"</span> <span class="attr">value</span>=<span class="string">"一楼"</span> @<span class="attr">click</span>=<span class="string">"router.push({path: '/floor1'})"</span>></span> </span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"><!--编程式导航4：router.push({}) 传参数 #/floor1/123--></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">input</span> <span class="attr">type</span>=<span class="string">"button"</span> <span class="attr">value</span>=<span class="string">"一楼"</span> @<span class="attr">click</span>=<span class="string">"router.push({path: '/floor1', params: {id: 123}})"</span>></span> </span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"><!--编程式导航5：router.push({}) 传参数 #/floor1?id=123--></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">input</span> <span class="attr">type</span>=<span class="string">"button"</span> <span class="attr">value</span>=<span class="string">"一楼"</span> @<span class="attr">click</span>=<span class="string">"router.push({path: '/floor1', query: {id: 123}})"</span>></span> </span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"></<span class="name">p</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">router-view</span>></span><span class="tag"></<span class="name">router-view</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"></<span class="name">div</span>></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p><h2 id="命名路由"><a href="#命名路由" class="headerlink" title="命名路由"></a>命名路由</h2><p>在路由映射表中添加属性 name，用以对该路由映射规则命名，在编程式导航跳转路由时可以用 router.push({name: ‘名称’})<br><figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">div</span> <span class="attr">id</span>=<span class="string">"app"</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">h1</span>></span>Hello VueRouter<span class="tag"></<span class="name">h1</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">p</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">router-link</span> <span class="attr">to</span>=<span class="string">"/floor1"</span>></span>一楼<span class="tag"></<span class="name">router-link</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"><!--编程式导航4：router.push({name: '名称'})--></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">input</span> <span class="attr">type</span>=<span class="string">"button"</span> <span class="attr">value</span>=<span class="string">"一楼"</span> @<span class="attr">click</span>=<span class="string">"router.push({name: 'floor1'})"</span>></span> </span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"></<span class="name">p</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">router-view</span>></span><span class="tag"></<span class="name">router-view</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"></<span class="name">div</span>></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> Floor1 = { </span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">template</span>: <span class="string">`</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> <div></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> <h1>一楼</h1></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> <router-link to="/floor1/floor2">二楼</router-link></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> <router-view></router-view></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> </div>`</span> </span><br><span class="line">};</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> Floor2 = { <span class="attr">template</span>: <span class="string">'<div><h1>二楼</h1></div>'</span> }; </span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> routes = [</span><br><span class="line"> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">path</span>: <span class="string">'/floor1'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">component</span>: Floor1,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">name</span>: <span class="string">'floor1'</span>, <span class="comment">//命名</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">children</span>: [{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// floor2 会被渲染在 Floor1 的 <router-view> 中</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">path</span>: <span class="string">'floor2'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">component</span>: Floor2,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">name</span>: <span class="string">'floor2'</span> <span class="comment">//命名</span></span><br><span class="line"> }]</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line">] </span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> router = <span class="keyword">new</span> VueRouter({</span><br><span class="line"> routes</span><br><span class="line">})</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">new</span> Vue({</span><br><span class="line"> router</span><br><span class="line">}).$mount(<span class="string">'#app'</span>)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p><h2 id="命名视图"><a href="#命名视图" class="headerlink" title="命名视图"></a>命名视图</h2><figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">div</span> <span class="attr">id</span>=<span class="string">"app"</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">h1</span>></span>Hello VueRouter<span class="tag"></<span class="name">h1</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">p</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">router-view</span>></span><span class="tag"></<span class="name">router-view</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">router-view</span> <span class="attr">name</span>=<span class="string">"a"</span>></span><span class="tag"></<span class="name">router-view</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">router-view</span> <span class="attr">name</span>=<span class="string">"b"</span>></span><span class="tag"></<span class="name">router-view</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"></<span class="name">p</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"></<span class="name">div</span>></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> router = <span class="keyword">new</span> VueRouter({</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">routes</span>: [</span><br><span class="line"> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">path</span>: <span class="string">'/'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">components</span>: {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">default</span>: {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">template</span>: <span class="string">'<h1>defalut router view</h1>'</span></span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">a</span>: {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">template</span>: <span class="string">'<h1>a router view</h1>'</span></span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">b</span>: {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">template</span>: <span class="string">'<h1>b router view</h1>'</span></span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> ]</span><br><span class="line">})</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">new</span> Vue({</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">el</span>: <span class="string">'#app'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> router</span><br><span class="line">})</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>]]></content>
<summary type="html"><h2 id="路由"><a href="#路由" class="headerlink" title="路由"></a>路由</h2><p>通过 URL 映射到对应的功能实现，Vue 的路由使用要先引入 vue-router.js</p>
<h3 id="基本路由入门"><a h</summary>
<category term="前端" scheme="http://example.com/categories/%E5%89%8D%E7%AB%AF/"/>
<category term="vue" scheme="http://example.com/tags/vue/"/>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>Vuex</title>
<link href="http://example.com/2021/11/08/vuex/"/>
<id>http://example.com/2021/11/08/vuex/</id>
<published>2021-11-08T08:30:18.000Z</published>
<updated>2021-11-08T08:35:04.318Z</updated>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<h2 id="Vuex"><a href="#Vuex" class="headerlink" title="Vuex"></a>Vuex</h2><p>在介绍 Vuex 之前，我先抛出一个问题，如下<br>主要描述的结构是：</p><ul><li>组件A<ul><li>组件B<ul><li>组件B1<ul><li>事件：Event1</li><li>事件：Event2</li><li>事件：Event3</li></ul></li><li>组件B2<ul><li>事件：Event1</li><li>事件：Event2</li><li>事件：Event3</li></ul></li></ul></li><li>组件C<ul><li>组件C1<ul><li>事件：Event1</li><li>事件：Event2</li><li>事件：Event3</li></ul></li><li>组件C2<ul><li>事件：Event1</li><li>事件：Event2</li><li>事件：Event3</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><p>现在的问题要解决是组件C1或者C2要和组件B1或B2通信，前面有详细讲过 Vue 本身组件之间通信的方法，最简单的就是 <code>$parent</code> 和 <code>$children</code>，如果不知道如何使用的请回到上面看 <a href="https://github.com/dk-lan/vue-erp/tree/master/VueBasic/Communication">组件通信</a></p><p>现在用 <code>$parent</code> 和 <code>$children</code> 来上面的问题：组件C1调用组件B2的方法<br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="built_in">this</span>.$parent.$parent.$children[<span class="number">0</span>].$children[<span class="number">1</span>].Event1()</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><br>代码写到这问题解决了，但是如果再多几层的组件嵌套关系，又或者组件层级关系因需求发生了改变，那上面的代码又得重新改变。</p><p>为了解决这样的问题，有人想到了把为何不把所有组件的方法统一到一个公共对象，因为对象是一个无序属性集合，而且还是引用类型，然后把这个对象放到最外层，这样不管组件嵌套多少级，都能调用到对应的方法。</p><p>那上面的案例就可以生成如下面这种结构的对象了<br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> obj = {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">A</span>: {},</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">B</span>: {},</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">B1</span>: {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">Event1</span>: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params"></span>)</span>{},</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">Event2</span>: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params"></span>)</span>{},</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">Event3</span>: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params"></span>)</span>{}</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">B2</span>: {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">Event1</span>: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params"></span>)</span>{},</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">Event2</span>: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params"></span>)</span>{},</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">Event3</span>: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params"></span>)</span>{}</span><br><span class="line"> }, </span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">C</span>: {},</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">C1</span>: {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">Event1</span>: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params"></span>)</span>{},</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">Event2</span>: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params"></span>)</span>{},</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">Event3</span>: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params"></span>)</span>{}</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">C2</span>: {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">Event1</span>: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params"></span>)</span>{},</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">Event2</span>: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params"></span>)</span>{},</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">Event3</span>: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params"></span>)</span>{}</span><br><span class="line"> }, </span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p><h3 id="跨组件通信之——公共对象"><a href="#跨组件通信之——公共对象" class="headerlink" title="跨组件通信之——公共对象"></a>跨组件通信之——公共对象</h3><p>场景：在组件 home 里面使用组件 counter，在 home 组件中实现计数，在组件 counter 同步显示当前计数。</p><h4 id="common-js"><a href="#common-js" class="headerlink" title="common.js"></a>common.js</h4><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">export</span> <span class="keyword">default</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">state</span>: {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">count</span>: <span class="number">0</span></span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h4 id="countercomponent"><a href="#countercomponent" class="headerlink" title="countercomponent"></a>countercomponent</h4><figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">template</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">div</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">h3</span>></span>count-{{common.state.count}}<span class="tag"></<span class="name">h3</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"></<span class="name">div</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"></<span class="name">template</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">script</span>></span><span class="javascript"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"> <span class="keyword">import</span> common <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">'../../common/common.js'</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"> <span class="keyword">export</span> <span class="keyword">default</span> {</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"> <span class="function"><span class="title">data</span>(<span class="params"></span>)</span>{</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"> <span class="keyword">return</span> {</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"> common</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"> }</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"> }</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"> }</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"></span><span class="tag"></<span class="name">script</span>></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h4 id="homecomponent"><a href="#homecomponent" class="headerlink" title="homecomponent"></a>homecomponent</h4><figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">template</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">div</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">fieldset</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">legend</span>></span><span class="tag"><<span class="name">h3</span>></span>home<span class="tag"></<span class="name">h3</span>></span><span class="tag"></<span class="name">legend</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">div</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">input</span> <span class="attr">type</span>=<span class="string">"button"</span> <span class="attr">value</span>=<span class="string">"increment"</span> @<span class="attr">click</span>=<span class="string">"increment"</span>/></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">span</span>></span>{{common.state.count}}<span class="tag"></<span class="name">span</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"></<span class="name">div</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"></<span class="name">fieldset</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">fieldset</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">legend</span>></span><span class="tag"><<span class="name">h3</span>></span>counter<span class="tag"></<span class="name">h3</span>></span><span class="tag"></<span class="name">legend</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">counter</span>></span><span class="tag"></<span class="name">counter</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"></<span class="name">fieldset</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"></<span class="name">div</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"></<span class="name">template</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">script</span>></span><span class="javascript"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"> <span class="keyword">import</span> common <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">'../../common/common.js'</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"> <span class="keyword">import</span> counter <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">'../counter/counter.vue'</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"> <span class="keyword">export</span> <span class="keyword">default</span> {</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"> <span class="function"><span class="title">data</span>(<span class="params"></span>)</span>{</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"> <span class="keyword">return</span> {</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"> common</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"> }</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"> },</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"> <span class="attr">components</span>: {</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"> datagrid,</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"> counter</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"> },</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"> <span class="attr">methods</span>: {</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"> <span class="function"><span class="title">increment</span>(<span class="params"></span>)</span>{</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"> <span class="built_in">this</span>.common.state.count += <span class="number">1</span>;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"> }</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"> }</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"> }</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"></span><span class="tag"></<span class="name">script</span>></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>上面的案例是通过公共对象解决了简单的跨组件通信的问题，但如果组件 counter 也想能可以实现计数，那最简单的实现方法就是在组件 counter 当中也写一个事件 increment，但这样一来，事件就重复了。</p><p>封装实现就是把事件 increment 也放到 common.js 对象中去，然后组件都调用这个公共的方法。<br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">let</span> state = {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">count</span>: <span class="number">0</span></span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">let</span> mutations = {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="function"><span class="title">increment</span>(<span class="params"></span>)</span>{</span><br><span class="line"> state.count += <span class="number">1</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">export</span> <span class="keyword">default</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> state,</span><br><span class="line"> mutations</span><br><span class="line">};</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p><p>看似解决了问题，但是如果场景更复杂，组件层级更深，组件间要通信的信息更多，组件间存在同名属性同名方法但不同逻辑等，目前这种方法就解决不了，需要进行更深层次的封装。</p><p>Vuex 就是上面这种解决方案的更深层次的实现。</p><h3 id="跨组件通信之——Vuex"><a href="#跨组件通信之——Vuex" class="headerlink" title="跨组件通信之——Vuex"></a>跨组件通信之——Vuex</h3><h4 id="store-js"><a href="#store-js" class="headerlink" title="store.js"></a>store.js</h4><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> Vue <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">'vue'</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> Vuex <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">'vuex'</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">Vue.use(Vuex)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">let</span> state = {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">count</span>: <span class="number">0</span></span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">let</span> mutations = {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="function"><span class="title">increment</span>(<span class="params"></span>)</span>{</span><br><span class="line"> state.count += <span class="number">1</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="function"><span class="title">decrement</span>(<span class="params"></span>)</span>{</span><br><span class="line"> state.count -= <span class="number">1</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> store = <span class="keyword">new</span> Vuex.Store({</span><br><span class="line"> state,</span><br><span class="line"> mutations</span><br><span class="line">})</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">export</span> <span class="keyword">default</span> store</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h4 id="app-js"><a href="#app-js" class="headerlink" title="app.js"></a>app.js</h4><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> Vue <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">'vue'</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> store <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">'./vuex/store'</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> homeComponent <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">'./components/home/home.vue'</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">new</span> Vue({</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">el</span>: <span class="string">'#app'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> store,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">render</span>:<span class="function"><span class="params">h</span> =></span> h(homeComponent)</span><br><span class="line">})</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h4 id="homecomponent-1"><a href="#homecomponent-1" class="headerlink" title="homecomponent"></a>homecomponent</h4><figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">input</span> <span class="attr">type</span>=<span class="string">"button"</span> <span class="attr">value</span>=<span class="string">"increment"</span> @<span class="attr">click</span>=<span class="string">"increment"</span>/></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">span</span>></span>{{$store.state.count}}<span class="tag"></<span class="name">span</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">script</span> <span class="attr">type</span>=<span class="string">"text/javascript"</span>></span><span class="javascript"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"> <span class="attr">methods</span>: {</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"> <span class="function"><span class="title">increment</span>(<span class="params"></span>)</span>{</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"> <span class="built_in">this</span>.$store.commit(<span class="string">'increment'</span>);</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"> }</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"> } </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"></span><span class="tag"></<span class="name">script</span>></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h4 id="countercomponent-1"><a href="#countercomponent-1" class="headerlink" title="countercomponent"></a>countercomponent</h4><figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">span</span>></span>{{$store.state.count}}<span class="tag"></<span class="name">span</span>></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h3 id="小结"><a href="#小结" class="headerlink" title="小结"></a>小结</h3><ul><li>Vuex 实例 store，添加到 Vue 实例化当中去，然后整个 Vue 实例都能通过 $store 获取到公共对象 store。</li><li>用 <code>this.$store.commit('increment');</code> 触发 mutations 的 increment 方法</li><li>state 是通过 mutations 来改变</li><li>用<code>$store.state.count</code>获取 store 的 state。</li></ul>]]></content>
<summary type="html"><h2 id="Vuex"><a href="#Vuex" class="headerlink" title="Vuex"></a>Vuex</h2><p>在介绍 Vuex 之前，我先抛出一个问题，如下<br>主要描述的结构是：</p>
<ul>
<li>组件A<ul>
<li></summary>
<category term="前端" scheme="http://example.com/categories/%E5%89%8D%E7%AB%AF/"/>
<category term="vue" scheme="http://example.com/tags/vue/"/>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>Vue组件</title>
<link href="http://example.com/2021/11/05/components/"/>
<id>http://example.com/2021/11/05/components/</id>
<published>2021-11-05T08:25:10.000Z</published>
<updated>2021-11-05T08:42:25.922Z</updated>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<h2 id="Vue组件"><a href="#Vue组件" class="headerlink" title="Vue组件"></a>Vue组件</h2><p>组件（Component）是前端在单页面应用（SPA）上最好的一种实现方式，把所有功能模块拆解成单独的组件，每个组件都有独立的作用域，且还可以相互通信</p><h3 id="认识单页面应用（SPA）"><a href="#认识单页面应用（SPA）" class="headerlink" title="认识单页面应用（SPA）"></a>认识单页面应用（SPA）</h3><p>在传统的页面之间跳转，是通过刷新，重新渲染一个页面而实现，在渲染的过程中势必要加载外部资源文件，页面在服务器中渲染出来是通过一系列的生命周期，在这个过程中会因为网速等硬件问题直接影响页面的加载速度，为解决这一问题，前端在新的设计模式上引入了组件的概念，页面之间的跳转变成了组件之间的切换，不需要重新加载整个页面，也不用考虑页面的生命周期，换成组件的生命周期，在性能上大大的提升了。</p><h3 id="Vue-的组件实现"><a href="#Vue-的组件实现" class="headerlink" title="Vue 的组件实现"></a>Vue 的组件实现</h3><h4 id="全局组件"><a href="#全局组件" class="headerlink" title="全局组件"></a>全局组件</h4><figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">div</span> <span class="attr">id</span>=<span class="string">"app"</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"><!--组件的使用--></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">global-component</span>></span><span class="tag"></<span class="name">global-component</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"></<span class="name">div</span>></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">//组件的定义 Vue.component(组件名称, {template})</span></span><br><span class="line">Vue.component(<span class="string">'global-component'</span>, {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">template</span>: <span class="string">'<h1>全局组件</h1>'</span></span><br><span class="line">})</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> vm = <span class="keyword">new</span> Vue({</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">el</span>: <span class="string">'#app'</span></span><br><span class="line">})</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>最终渲染的效果<br><figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">div</span> <span class="attr">id</span>=<span class="string">"app"</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">h1</span>></span>全局组件<span class="tag"></<span class="name">h1</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"></<span class="name">div</span>></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p><h4 id="局部组件"><a href="#局部组件" class="headerlink" title="局部组件"></a>局部组件</h4><figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">div</span> <span class="attr">id</span>=<span class="string">"app"</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"><!--组件的使用--></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">private-component</span>></span><span class="tag"></<span class="name">private-component</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"></<span class="name">div</span>></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">//组件的定义 Vue.component(组件名称, {template})</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> vm = <span class="keyword">new</span> Vue({</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">el</span>: <span class="string">'#app'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">components</span>:{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'private-component'</span>: {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">template</span>: <span class="string">'<h1>局部组件</h1>'</span></span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line">})</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>最终渲染的效果<br><figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">div</span> <span class="attr">id</span>=<span class="string">"app"</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">h1</span>></span>局部组件<span class="tag"></<span class="name">h1</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"></<span class="name">div</span>></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p><h3 id="组件是一个单独的作用域"><a href="#组件是一个单独的作用域" class="headerlink" title="组件是一个单独的作用域"></a>组件是一个单独的作用域</h3><p>每个组件都有单独的作用域<br><figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">div</span> <span class="attr">id</span>=<span class="string">"app"</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">p</span>></span>{{count}}<span class="tag"></<span class="name">p</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">component1</span>/></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"></<span class="name">div</span>></span> </span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> vm = <span class="keyword">new</span> Vue({</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">el</span>: <span class="string">'#app'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">data</span>: {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">count</span>: <span class="number">10</span></span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">methods</span>: {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">increment</span>: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params"></span>)</span>{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">this</span>.count += <span class="number">1</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">components</span>:{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'component1'</span>: {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">template</span>: <span class="string">'<button v-on:click="increment">{{ count }}</button>'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">data</span>: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params"></span>)</span>{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">//在组件里面 data 一定是 function 并返回一个对象</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">count</span>: <span class="number">0</span></span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">methods</span>: {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">increment</span>: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params"></span>)</span>{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">this</span>.count += <span class="number">1</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line">})</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><br>渲染结果为<br><figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">div</span> <span class="attr">id</span>=<span class="string">"app"</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">p</span>></span>10<span class="tag"></<span class="name">p</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"><!--</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> 此按钮每次点击都会自增 1，而 p 标签永远都是为 10</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> 原因为组件的作用域是单独的</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> --></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">button</span>></span>0<span class="tag"></<span class="name">button</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"></<span class="name">div</span>></span> </span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><br><a href="https://dk-lan.github.io/vue/VueBasic/Component/component.html">效果预览</a></p><h3 id="特殊的-HTML-结构中使用-is"><a href="#特殊的-HTML-结构中使用-is" class="headerlink" title="特殊的 HTML 结构中使用 is"></a>特殊的 HTML 结构中使用 is</h3><p>比如在下拉列表（select）元素里面，子元素必须为 option，则在使用组件的时候用 is<br><figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">div</span> <span class="attr">id</span>=<span class="string">"app"</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">select</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">option</span> <span class="attr">is</span>=<span class="string">"privateOption"</span>></span><span class="tag"></<span class="name">option</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"></<span class="name">select</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"></<span class="name">div</span>></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> vm = <span class="keyword">new</span> Vue({</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">el</span>: <span class="string">'#app'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">components</span>: {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'privateOption'</span>: {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">template</span>: <span class="string">'<option value=1>1</otpion>'</span></span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line">})</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><br>渲染结果<br><figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">div</span> <span class="attr">id</span>=<span class="string">"app"</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">select</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">option</span> <span class="attr">value</span>=<span class="string">"1"</span>></span>1<span class="tag"></<span class="name">option</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"></<span class="name">select</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"></<span class="name">div</span>></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p><h3 id="动态组件-is"><a href="#动态组件-is" class="headerlink" title="动态组件 - :is"></a>动态组件 - :is</h3><figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">div</span> <span class="attr">id</span>=<span class="string">"app"</span> <span class="attr">style</span>=<span class="string">"display: none;"</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">input</span> <span class="attr">type</span>=<span class="string">"button"</span> <span class="attr">value</span>=<span class="string">"changeLight"</span> @<span class="attr">click</span>=<span class="string">"changeLight"</span> /></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">br</span>/></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">p</span> <span class="attr">:is</span>=<span class="string">"show"</span>></span><span class="tag"></<span class="name">p</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"></<span class="name">div</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">script</span> <span class="attr">type</span>=<span class="string">"text/javascript"</span>></span><span class="javascript"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"> <span class="keyword">var</span> vm = <span class="keyword">new</span> Vue({</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"> <span class="attr">el</span>: <span class="string">'#app'</span>,</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"> <span class="attr">data</span>: {</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"> <span class="attr">show</span>: <span class="string">'red'</span>,</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"> },</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"> <span class="attr">methods</span>:{</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"> <span class="attr">changeLight</span>: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params"></span>)</span>{</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"> <span class="built_in">this</span>.show = <span class="built_in">this</span>.show == <span class="string">'red'</span> ? <span class="string">'green'</span> : <span class="string">'red'</span>;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"> }</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"> },</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"> <span class="attr">components</span>: {</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"> <span class="attr">red</span>: {</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"> <span class="attr">template</span>: <span class="string">'<h1>Red</h1>'</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"> },</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"> <span class="attr">green</span>: {</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"> <span class="attr">template</span>: <span class="string">'<h1>Green</h1>'</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"> }</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"> }</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"> })</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"></span><span class="tag"></<span class="name">script</span>></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h3 id="组件属性"><a href="#组件属性" class="headerlink" title="组件属性"></a>组件属性</h3><p>组件的属性要先声明后使用，props: [‘属性名’…]<br><figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">div</span> <span class="attr">id</span>=<span class="string">"app"</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"><!--组件的使用--></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">private-component</span> <span class="attr">title</span>=<span class="string">"组件属性"</span> <span class="attr">:text</span>=<span class="string">"mess"</span>></span><span class="tag"></<span class="name">private-component</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"></<span class="name">div</span>></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">//组件的定义 Vue.component(组件名称, {template})</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> vm = <span class="keyword">new</span> Vue({</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">el</span>: <span class="string">'#app'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">data</span>: {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">mess</span>: <span class="string">'-动态属性'</span></span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">components</span>:{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'private-component'</span>: {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">template</span>: <span class="string">'<h1>{{title + text}}</h1>'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">props</span>: [<span class="string">'title'</span>, <span class="string">'text'</span>]</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line">})</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><br>最终渲染的效果<br><figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">div</span> <span class="attr">id</span>=<span class="string">"app"</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">h1</span>></span>组件属性-动态属性<span class="tag"></<span class="name">h1</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"></<span class="name">div</span>></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p><h3 id="组件自定义事件"><a href="#组件自定义事件" class="headerlink" title="组件自定义事件"></a>组件自定义事件</h3><p>和组件属性不一样的在于 <组件名 v-bind:属性名=””>，属性名要在组件中先声明再使用：props: [‘属性名’]<br>自定义事件：<组件名 v-on:自定义事件名=””>，自定义事件名不需要声明，直接用 $emit() 触发<br><figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">div</span> <span class="attr">id</span>=<span class="string">"app"</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">p</span>></span>{{total}}<span class="tag"></<span class="name">p</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">increment-total</span> <span class="attr">v-on:count</span>=<span class="string">"incrementTotal"</span>></span><span class="tag"></<span class="name">increment-total</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"></<span class="name">div</span>></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> vm = <span class="keyword">new</span> Vue({</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">el</span>: <span class="string">'#app'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">data</span>: {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">total</span>: <span class="number">0</span></span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">methods</span>: {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">incrementTotal</span>: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params"></span>)</span>{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">this</span>.total += <span class="number">1</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">components</span>: {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'incrementTotal'</span>: {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">template</span>: <span class="string">'<input type="button" @click="incrementTotal" value="Total" />'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">data</span>: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params"></span>)</span>{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">total</span>: <span class="number">0</span></span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">methods</span>: {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">incrementTotal</span>: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params"></span>)</span>{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">this</span>.total += <span class="number">1</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">this</span>.$emit(<span class="string">'count'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line">})</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p><h3 id="slot-分发内容"><a href="#slot-分发内容" class="headerlink" title="slot 分发内容"></a>slot 分发内容</h3><p>Vue 组件默认是覆盖渲染，为了解决这一问题，Vue 提出了 slot 分发内容</p><figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">div</span> <span class="attr">id</span>=<span class="string">"app"</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">component1</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">h1</span>></span>Sam<span class="tag"></<span class="name">h1</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">h1</span>></span>Lucy<span class="tag"></<span class="name">h1</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"></<span class="name">component1</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"></<span class="name">div</span>></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">Vue.component(<span class="string">'component1'</span>, {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">template</span>: <span class="string">`</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> <div></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> <h1>Tom</h1></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> <slot></slot></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> </div></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> `</span></span><br><span class="line">})</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>最终渲染的效果<br><figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">div</span> <span class="attr">id</span>=<span class="string">"app"</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">component1</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">h1</span>></span>Tom<span class="tag"></<span class="name">h1</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"><!--</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> 如果在组件定义的 template 当中没有 <slot></slot>，那么下面两个 h1 标签将不会存在</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> 换句话说就是 <slot></slot> = <h1>Sam</h1><h1>Lucy</h1></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> <slot></slot>可以放到 <h1>Tom</h1> 上面进行位置调换</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> --></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">h1</span>></span>Sam<span class="tag"></<span class="name">h1</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">h1</span>></span>Lucy<span class="tag"></<span class="name">h1</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"></<span class="name">component1</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"></<span class="name">div</span>></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p><h4 id="具名-slot"><a href="#具名-slot" class="headerlink" title="具名 slot"></a>具名 slot</h4><p>如果要将组件里面不同的子元素放到不同的地方，那就为子元素加上一个属性 slot=”名称”，然后在组件定义的时候用名称对应位置 <slot name="名称"></slot>，其它没有 slot 属性的子元素将统一分发到 <slot></slot> 里面<br><figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">div</span> <span class="attr">id</span>=<span class="string">"app"</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">component1</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">h1</span>></span>Sam<span class="tag"></<span class="name">h1</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">h1</span> <span class="attr">slot</span>=<span class="string">"lucy"</span>></span>Lucy<span class="tag"></<span class="name">h1</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"></<span class="name">component1</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"></<span class="name">div</span>></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">Vue.component(<span class="string">'component1'</span>, {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">template</span>: <span class="string">`</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> <div></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> <slot name="lucy"></slot></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> <h1>Tom</h1></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> <slot></slot></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> </div></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> `</span></span><br><span class="line">})</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><br>最终渲染的效果<br><figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">div</span> <span class="attr">id</span>=<span class="string">"app"</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">component1</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"><!--<slot name="lucy"></slot> = <h1 slot="lucy">Lucy</h1>--></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">h1</span>></span>Lucy<span class="tag"></<span class="name">h1</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">h1</span>></span>Tom<span class="tag"></<span class="name">h1</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"><!--其它没有 slot 属性的子元素将全部分发到 <slot></slot> 标签--></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">h1</span>></span>Sam<span class="tag"></<span class="name">h1</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"></<span class="name">component1</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"></<span class="name">div</span>></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p><h3 id="模版写法"><a href="#模版写法" class="headerlink" title="模版写法"></a>模版写法</h3><figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">template</span> <span class="attr">id</span>=<span class="string">"component1"</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">div</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">input</span> <span class="attr">type</span>=<span class="string">"text"</span> <span class="attr">v-model</span>=<span class="string">"name"</span>/></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">p</span>></span>{{name}}<span class="tag"></<span class="name">p</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"></<span class="name">div</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"></<span class="name">template</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">div</span> <span class="attr">id</span>=<span class="string">"app"</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">component1</span>/></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"></<span class="name">div</span>></span> </span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> vm = <span class="keyword">new</span> Vue({</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">el</span>: <span class="string">'#app'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">components</span>: {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'component1'</span>: {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">template</span>: <span class="string">'#component1'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">data</span>: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params"></span>)</span>{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> {<span class="attr">name</span>: <span class="string">'Tom'</span>};</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line">})</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>]]></content>
<summary type="html"><h2 id="Vue组件"><a href="#Vue组件" class="headerlink" title="Vue组件"></a>Vue组件</h2><p>组件（Component）是前端在单页面应用（SPA）上最好的一种实现方式，把所有功能模块拆解成单独的组件，每个组件</summary>
<category term="前端" scheme="http://example.com/categories/%E5%89%8D%E7%AB%AF/"/>
<category term="vue" scheme="http://example.com/tags/vue/"/>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>认识Vue</title>
<link href="http://example.com/2021/11/05/test/"/>
<id>http://example.com/2021/11/05/test/</id>
<published>2021-11-05T02:51:48.000Z</published>
<updated>2021-11-05T08:06:31.870Z</updated>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<h2 id="认识Vue"><a href="#认识Vue" class="headerlink" title="认识Vue"></a>认识Vue</h2><p>关于 Vue 的描述有不少，不外乎都会拿来与 Angular 和 React 对比，同样头顶 MVVM 双向数据驱动设计模式光环的 Angular 自然被对比的最多，但到目前为止，Angular 在热度上已明显不及 Vue，性能已成为最大的诟病。</p><p>Vue、React 和 Angular，其实都是在原生 JS 基础上，对面向对象不一样的实现方式而已，所以要想使用这三者中的任意一种，首先要有一定的 JS 基础和对面向对象有一定的认识。</p><p>在代码层面，Vue 只是一个构造函数，整个 Vue 的实现都在实例化这个构造函数开始。</p><figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">script</span> <span class="attr">src</span>=<span class="string">"https://unpkg.com/vue/dist/vue.js"</span>></span><span class="tag"></<span class="name">script</span>></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">div</span> <span class="attr">id</span>=<span class="string">"app"</span>></span><span class="tag"></<span class="name">div</span>></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> vm = <span class="keyword">new</span> Vue({</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">el</span>: <span class="string">'#app'</span><span class="comment">// Vue 实例元素</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">data</span>: {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">//数据</span></span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> ...</span><br><span class="line">})</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h3 id="认识数据驱动模式"><a href="#认识数据驱动模式" class="headerlink" title="认识数据驱动模式"></a>认识数据驱动模式</h3><p>开始接触前端编程的基本上都是先学习 DOM 节点操作，jQuery 在这一领域上一度成为了标准，所以在前端编程的领域中，jQuery 几乎是每个开发者的标配。随着前后端分离的成熟，产品或项目都趋于分布式部署，开发者已不满足于操作 DOM 节点， 设计模式便慢慢的被前端化。</p><p>数据驱动的设计模式在思维逻辑上与 DOM 节点操作完全不一样。<br><figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">div</span> <span class="attr">id</span>=<span class="string">"div1"</span>></span><span class="tag"></<span class="name">div</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">div</span> <span class="attr">id</span>=<span class="string">"app"</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">span</span>></span>{{message}}<span class="tag"></<span class="name">span</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"></<span class="name">div</span>></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">//DOM 节点操作</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">document</span>.getElementById(<span class="string">'div1'</span>).innerText = <span class="string">'节点被动改变'</span> </span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//Vue 数据驱动： 当 message 发生改变的时候，span 会相应的发生改变，而不需要手动去改变 span。</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> vm = <span class="keyword">new</span> Vue({</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">el</span>: <span class="string">'#app'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">data</span>: {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">message</span>: <span class="string">'我是通过映射显示的文本'</span></span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line">})</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p><h3 id="认识-MVVM-模式"><a href="#认识-MVVM-模式" class="headerlink" title="认识 MVVM 模式"></a>认识 MVVM 模式</h3><p>M：Model，称之为数据模型，在前端以对象的形式表现。<br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> data = {<span class="attr">message</span>: <span class="string">'我就是一个数据模型'</span>}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><br>V：View，视图，也就是 HTML<br><figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">div</span> <span class="attr">id</span>=<span class="string">"app"</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">span</span>></span>我是视图<span class="tag"></<span class="name">span</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"></<span class="name">div</span>></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><br>VM：ViewModel，就是连接数据和视图的桥梁，当 Model 发生改变的时候，ViewModel 便将数据映射到视图。</p><p>那么数据驱动模式和 MVVM 模式有什么关系，换句话说，MVVM 是数据驱动模式的一种实现，Vue 是 MVVM 的一种实现。</p>]]></content>
<summary type="html"><h2 id="认识Vue"><a href="#认识Vue" class="headerlink" title="认识Vue"></a>认识Vue</h2><p>关于 Vue 的描述有不少，不外乎都会拿来与 Angular 和 React 对比，同样头顶 MVVM 双向数据驱动</summary>
<category term="前端" scheme="http://example.com/categories/%E5%89%8D%E7%AB%AF/"/>
<category term="vue" scheme="http://example.com/tags/vue/"/>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>Hello Hexo</title>
<link href="http://example.com/2021/11/04/hello-world/"/>
<id>http://example.com/2021/11/04/hello-world/</id>
<published>2021-11-04T09:39:16.000Z</published>
<updated>2021-11-05T08:29:27.324Z</updated>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<p>Welcome to <a href="https://hexo.io/">Hexo</a>! This is your very first post. Check <a href="https://hexo.io/docs/">documentation</a> for more info. If you get any problems when using Hexo, you can find the answer in <a href="https://hexo.io/docs/troubleshooting.html">troubleshooting</a> or you can ask me on <a href="https://github.com/hexojs/hexo/issues">GitHub</a>.</p><h2 id="Quick-Start"><a href="#Quick-Start" class="headerlink" title="Quick Start"></a>Quick Start</h2><h3 id="Create-a-new-post"><a href="#Create-a-new-post" class="headerlink" title="Create a new post"></a>Create a new post</h3><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">$ hexo new <span class="string">"My New Post"</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>More info: <a href="https://hexo.io/docs/writing.html">Writing</a></p><h3 id="Run-server"><a href="#Run-server" class="headerlink" title="Run server"></a>Run server</h3><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">$ hexo server</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>More info: <a href="https://hexo.io/docs/server.html">Server</a></p><h3 id="Generate-static-files"><a href="#Generate-static-files" class="headerlink" title="Generate static files"></a>Generate static files</h3><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">$ hexo generate</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>More info: <a href="https://hexo.io/docs/generating.html">Generating</a></p><h3 id="Deploy-to-remote-sites"><a href="#Deploy-to-remote-sites" class="headerlink" title="Deploy to remote sites"></a>Deploy to remote sites</h3><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">$ hexo deploy</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>More info: <a href="https://hexo.io/docs/one-command-deployment.html">Deployment</a></p>]]></content>
<summary type="html"><p>Welcome to <a href="https://hexo.io/">Hexo</a>! This is your very first post. Check <a href="https://hexo.io/docs/">documentation</a> for</summary>
<category term="前端" scheme="http://example.com/categories/%E5%89%8D%E7%AB%AF/"/>
<category term="javascript" scheme="http://example.com/tags/javascript/"/>
</entry>
</feed>