-
Notifications
You must be signed in to change notification settings - Fork 0
/
Copy pathseba.html
787 lines (774 loc) · 167 KB
/
seba.html
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head><script src="https://www.googletagservices.com/activeview/js/current/osd.js?cb=%2Fr20100101"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="https://api-public.addthis.com/url/shares.json?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thecrimson.com%2Farticle%2F2020%2F5%2F13%2Fasana-partners-harvard-square%2F&callback=_ate.cbs.sc_httpswwwthecrimsoncomarticle2020513asanapartnersharvardsquare0"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="https://m.addthis.com/live/red_lojson/300lo.json?si=5ec35315f6cb4dde&bkl=0&bl=1&pdt=169&sid=5ec35315f6cb4dde&pub=thecrimson&rev=v8.28.5-wp&ln=en&pc=men&cb=0&ab=-&dp=www.thecrimson.com&fp=article%2F2020%2F5%2F13%2Fasana-partners-harvard-square%2F&fr=&of=0&pd=0&irt=1&vcl=1&md=0&ct=1&tct=0&abt=0&cdn=0&pi=1&rb=2&gen=100&chr=UTF-8&colc=1589859093767&jsl=0&uvs=5ec3530bbfae80e8001&skipb=1&callback=addthis.cbs.jsonp__28343604349175090"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="https://v1.addthisedge.com/live/boost/thecrimson/_ate.track.config_resp"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="https://z.moatads.com/addthismoatframe568911941483/moatframe.js"></script>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<script async="" src="https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js"></script>
<meta data-react-helmet="true" property="og:title" content="Tenants Grapple with High Rents and Local Turnover at Asana-Owned Properties | News | The Harvard Crimson"><meta data-react-helmet="true" property="og:description" content="When the real estate firm Asana Partners arrived in Harvard Square in 2017, it did so with a simple message to the community: It wouldn't be changing much."><meta data-react-helmet="true" property="og:url" content="https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2020/5/13/asana-partners-harvard-square/"><meta data-react-helmet="true" name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"><meta data-react-helmet="true" name="twitter:site" content="@thecrimson"><meta data-react-helmet="true" name="twitter:title" content="Tenants Grapple with High Rents and Local Turnover at Asana-Owned Properties | News | The Harvard Crimson"><meta data-react-helmet="true" name="twitter:description" content="Tenants Grapple with High Rents and Local Turnover at Asana-Owned Properties | News | The Harvard Crimson"><meta data-react-helmet="true" property="og:image" content="https://s3.amazonaws.com/thumbnails.thecrimson.com/photos/2020/05/13/005034_1344535.gif.2000x1000_q95_crop-smart_upscale.png"><meta data-react-helmet="true" name="twitter:image" content="https://s3.amazonaws.com/thumbnails.thecrimson.com/photos/2020/05/13/005034_1344535.gif.2000x1000_q95_crop-smart_upscale.png">
<title>GINNIE HAPPY BIRTHDAY! | News | The Harvard Crimson</title>
<script>
(function(i, s, o, g, r, a, m) {
i['GoogleAnalyticsObject'] = r;
(i[r] =
i[r] ||
function() {
(i[r].q = i[r].q || []).push(arguments);
}),
(i[r].l = 1 * new Date());
(a = s.createElement(o)), (m = s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0]);
a.async = 1;
a.src = g;
m.parentNode.insertBefore(a, m);
})(
window,
document,
'script',
'https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js',
'ga'
);
ga('create', 'UA-327124-1', 'auto');
ga('send', 'pageview');
</script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="//s7.addthis.com/js/300/addthis_widget.js#pubid=thecrimson"></script>
<div id="_atssh" style="visibility: hidden; height: 1px; width: 1px; position: absolute; top: -9999px; z-index: 100000;"><iframe id="_atssh295" title="AddThis utility frame" src="https://s7.addthis.com/static/sh.f48a1a04fe8dbf021b4cda1d.html#rand=0.10735934174053097&iit=1589859093762&tmr=load%3D1589859093510%26core%3D1589859093565%26main%3D1589859093758%26ifr%3D1589859093765&cb=0&cdn=0&md=0&kw=&ab=-&dh=www.thecrimson.com&dr=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thecrimson.com%2F&du=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thecrimson.com%2Farticle%2F2020%2F5%2F13%2Fasana-partners-harvard-square%2F&href=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thecrimson.com%2Farticle%2F2020%2F5%2F13%2Fasana-partners-harvard-square%2F&dt=Tenants%20Grapple%20with%20High%20Rents%20and%20Local%20Turnover%20at%20Asana-Owned%20Properties%20%7C%20News%20%7C%20The%20Harvard%20Crimson&dbg=0&cap=tc%3D0%26ab%3D0&inst=1&jsl=0&prod=undefined&lng=en&ogt=image%2Curl%2Cdescription%2Ctitle&pc=men&pub=thecrimson&ssl=1&sid=5ec35315f6cb4dde&srf=0.01&ver=300&xck=0&xtr=0&og=title%3DTenants%2520Grapple%2520with%2520High%2520Rents%2520and%2520Local%2520Turnover%2520at%2520Asana-Owned%2520Properties%2520%257C%2520News%2520%257C%2520The%2520Harvard%2520Crimson%26description%3DWhen%2520the%2520real%2520estate%2520firm%2520Asana%2520Partners%2520arrived%2520in%2520Harvard%2520Square%2520in%25202017%252C%2520it%2520did%2520so%2520with%2520a%2520simple%2520message%2520to%2520the%2520community%253A%2520It%2520wouldn%25E2%2580%2599t%2520be%2520changing%2520much.%26url%3Dhttps%253A%252F%252Fwww.thecrimson.com%252Farticle%252F2020%252F5%252F13%252Fasana-partners-harvard-square%252F%26image%3Dhttps%253A%252F%252Fs3.amazonaws.com%252Fthumbnails.thecrimson.com%252Fphotos%252F2020%252F05%252F13%252F005034_1344535.gif.2000x1000_q95_crop-smart_upscale.png&csi=undefined&rev=v8.28.5-wp&ct=1&xld=1&xd=1" style="height: 1px; width: 1px; position: absolute; top: 0px; z-index: 100000; border: 0px; left: 0px;"></iframe></div>
<style type="text/css">.at-icon{fill:#fff;border:0}.at-icon-wrapper{display:inline-block;overflow:hidden}a .at-icon-wrapper{cursor:pointer}.at-rounded,.at-rounded-element .at-icon-wrapper{border-radius:12%}.at-circular,.at-circular-element .at-icon-wrapper{border-radius:50%}.addthis_32x32_style .at-icon{width:2pc;height:2pc}.addthis_24x24_style .at-icon{width:24px;height:24px}.addthis_20x20_style .at-icon{width:20px;height:20px}.addthis_16x16_style .at-icon{width:1pc;height:1pc}#at16lb{display:none;position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;z-index:1001;background-color:#000;opacity:.001}#at_complete,#at_error,#at_share,#at_success{position:static!important}.at15dn{display:none}#at15s,#at16p,#at16p form input,#at16p label,#at16p textarea,#at_share .at_item{font-family:arial,helvetica,tahoma,verdana,sans-serif!important;font-size:9pt!important;outline-style:none;outline-width:0;line-height:1em}* html #at15s.mmborder{position:absolute!important}#at15s.mmborder{position:fixed!important;width:250px!important}#at15s{background:url(data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAoAAAAKCAYAAACNMs+9AAAAGXRFWHRTb2Z0d2FyZQBBZG9iZSBJbWFnZVJlYWR5ccllPAAAABtJREFUeNpiZGBgaGAgAjAxEAlGFVJHIUCAAQDcngCUgqGMqwAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==);float:none;line-height:1em;margin:0;overflow:visible;padding:5px;text-align:left;position:absolute}#at15s a,#at15s span{outline:0;direction:ltr;text-transform:none}#at15s .at-label{margin-left:5px}#at15s .at-icon-wrapper{width:1pc;height:1pc;vertical-align:middle}#at15s .at-icon{width:1pc;height:1pc}.at4-icon{display:inline-block;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-position:top left;margin:0;overflow:hidden;cursor:pointer}.addthis_16x16_style .at4-icon,.addthis_default_style .at4-icon,.at4-icon,.at-16x16{width:1pc;height:1pc;line-height:1pc;background-size:1pc!important}.addthis_32x32_style .at4-icon,.at-32x32{width:2pc;height:2pc;line-height:2pc;background-size:2pc!important}.addthis_24x24_style .at4-icon,.at-24x24{width:24px;height:24px;line-height:24px;background-size:24px!important}.addthis_20x20_style .at4-icon,.at-20x20{width:20px;height:20px;line-height:20px;background-size:20px!important}.at4-icon.circular,.circular .at4-icon,.circular.aticon{border-radius:50%}.at4-icon.rounded,.rounded .at4-icon{border-radius:4px}.at4-icon-left{float:left}#at15s .at4-icon{text-indent:20px;padding:0;overflow:visible;white-space:nowrap;background-size:1pc;width:1pc;height:1pc;background-position:top left;display:inline-block;line-height:1pc}.addthis_vertical_style .at4-icon,.at4-follow-container .at4-icon{margin-right:5px}html>body #at15s{width:250px!important}#at15s.atm{background:none!important;padding:0!important;width:10pc!important}#at15s_inner{background:#fff;border:1px solid #fff;margin:0}#at15s_head{position:relative;background:#f2f2f2;padding:4px;cursor:default;border-bottom:1px solid #e5e5e5}.at15s_head_success{background:#cafd99!important;border-bottom:1px solid #a9d582!important}.at15s_head_success a,.at15s_head_success span{color:#000!important;text-decoration:none}#at15s_brand,#at15sptx,#at16_brand{position:absolute}#at15s_brand{top:4px;right:4px}.at15s_brandx{right:20px!important}a#at15sptx{top:4px;right:4px;text-decoration:none;color:#4c4c4c;font-weight:700}#at15sptx:hover{text-decoration:underline}#at16_brand{top:5px;right:30px;cursor:default}#at_hover{padding:4px}#at_hover .at_item,#at_share .at_item{background:#fff!important;float:left!important;color:#4c4c4c!important}#at_share .at_item .at-icon-wrapper{margin-right:5px}#at_hover .at_bold{font-weight:700;color:#000!important}#at_hover .at_item{width:7pc!important;padding:2px 3px!important;margin:1px;text-decoration:none!important}#at_hover .at_item.athov,#at_hover .at_item:focus,#at_hover .at_item:hover{margin:0!important}#at_hover .at_item.athov,#at_hover .at_item:focus,#at_hover .at_item:hover,#at_share .at_item.athov,#at_share .at_item:hover{background:#f2f2f2!important;border:1px solid #e5e5e5;color:#000!important;text-decoration:none}.ipad #at_hover .at_item:focus{background:#fff!important;border:1px solid #fff}.at15t{display:block!important;height:1pc!important;line-height:1pc!important;padding-left:20px!important;background-position:0 0;text-align:left}.addthis_button,.at15t{cursor:pointer}.addthis_toolbox a.at300b,.addthis_toolbox a.at300m{width:auto}.addthis_toolbox a{margin-bottom:5px;line-height:initial}.addthis_toolbox.addthis_vertical_style{width:200px}.addthis_button_facebook_like .fb_iframe_widget{line-height:100%}.addthis_button_facebook_like iframe.fb_iframe_widget_lift{max-width:none}.addthis_toolbox a.addthis_button_counter,.addthis_toolbox a.addthis_button_facebook_like,.addthis_toolbox a.addthis_button_facebook_send,.addthis_toolbox a.addthis_button_facebook_share,.addthis_toolbox a.addthis_button_foursquare,.addthis_toolbox a.addthis_button_linkedin_counter,.addthis_toolbox a.addthis_button_pinterest_pinit,.addthis_toolbox a.addthis_button_tweet{display:inline-block}.addthis_toolbox span.addthis_follow_label{display:none}.addthis_toolbox.addthis_vertical_style span.addthis_follow_label{display:block;white-space:nowrap}.addthis_toolbox.addthis_vertical_style a{display:block}.addthis_toolbox.addthis_vertical_style.addthis_32x32_style a{line-height:2pc;height:2pc}.addthis_toolbox.addthis_vertical_style .at300bs{margin-right:4px;float:left}.addthis_toolbox.addthis_20x20_style span{line-height:20px}.addthis_toolbox.addthis_32x32_style span{line-height:2pc}.addthis_toolbox.addthis_pill_combo_style .addthis_button_compact .at15t_compact,.addthis_toolbox.addthis_pill_combo_style a{float:left}.addthis_toolbox.addthis_pill_combo_style a.addthis_button_tweet{margin-top:-2px}.addthis_toolbox.addthis_pill_combo_style .addthis_button_compact .at15t_compact{margin-right:4px}.addthis_default_style .addthis_separator{margin:0 5px;display:inline}div.atclear{clear:both}.addthis_default_style .addthis_separator,.addthis_default_style .at4-icon,.addthis_default_style .at300b,.addthis_default_style .at300bo,.addthis_default_style .at300bs,.addthis_default_style .at300m{float:left}.at300b img,.at300bo img{border:0}a.at300b .at4-icon,a.at300m .at4-icon{display:block}.addthis_default_style .at300b,.addthis_default_style .at300bo,.addthis_default_style .at300m{padding:0 2px}.at300b,.at300bo,.at300bs,.at300m{cursor:pointer}.addthis_button_facebook_like.at300b:hover,.addthis_button_facebook_like.at300bs:hover,.addthis_button_facebook_send.at300b:hover,.addthis_button_facebook_send.at300bs:hover{opacity:1}.addthis_20x20_style .at15t,.addthis_20x20_style .at300bs{overflow:hidden;display:block;height:20px!important;width:20px!important;line-height:20px!important}.addthis_32x32_style .at15t,.addthis_32x32_style .at300bs{overflow:hidden;display:block;height:2pc!important;width:2pc!important;line-height:2pc!important}.at300bs{overflow:hidden;display:block;background-position:0 0;height:1pc;width:1pc;line-height:1pc!important}.addthis_default_style .at15t_compact,.addthis_default_style .at15t_expanded{margin-right:4px}#at_share .at_item{width:123px!important;padding:4px;margin-right:2px;border:1px solid #fff}#at16p{background:url(data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAoAAAAKCAYAAACNMs+9AAAAGXRFWHRTb2Z0d2FyZQBBZG9iZSBJbWFnZVJlYWR5ccllPAAAABtJREFUeNpiZGBgaGAgAjAxEAlGFVJHIUCAAQDcngCUgqGMqwAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==);z-index:10000001;position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;width:300px;padding:10px;margin:0 auto;margin-top:-185px;margin-left:-155px;font-family:arial,helvetica,tahoma,verdana,sans-serif;font-size:9pt;color:#5e5e5e}#at_share{margin:0;padding:0}#at16pt{position:relative;background:#f2f2f2;height:13px;padding:5px 10px}#at16pt a,#at16pt h4{font-weight:700}#at16pt h4{display:inline;margin:0;padding:0;font-size:9pt;color:#4c4c4c;cursor:default}#at16pt a{position:absolute;top:5px;right:10px;color:#4c4c4c;text-decoration:none;padding:2px}#at15sptx:focus,#at16pt a:focus{outline:thin dotted}#at15s #at16pf a{top:1px}#_atssh{width:1px!important;height:1px!important;border:0!important}.atm{width:10pc!important;padding:0;margin:0;line-height:9pt;letter-spacing:normal;font-family:arial,helvetica,tahoma,verdana,sans-serif;font-size:9pt;color:#444;background:url(data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAoAAAAKCAYAAACNMs+9AAAAGXRFWHRTb2Z0d2FyZQBBZG9iZSBJbWFnZVJlYWR5ccllPAAAABtJREFUeNpiZGBgaGAgAjAxEAlGFVJHIUCAAQDcngCUgqGMqwAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==);padding:4px}.atm-f{text-align:right;border-top:1px solid #ddd;padding:5px 8px}.atm-i{background:#fff;border:1px solid #d5d6d6;padding:0;margin:0;box-shadow:1px 1px 5px rgba(0,0,0,.15)}.atm-s{margin:0!important;padding:0!important}.atm-s a:focus{border:transparent;outline:0;transition:none}#at_hover.atm-s a,.atm-s a{display:block;text-decoration:none;padding:4px 10px;color:#235dab!important;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;transition:none}#at_hover.atm-s .at_bold{color:#235dab!important}#at_hover.atm-s a:hover,.atm-s a:hover{background:#2095f0;text-decoration:none;color:#fff!important}#at_hover.atm-s .at_bold{font-weight:700}#at_hover.atm-s a:hover .at_bold{color:#fff!important}.atm-s a .at-label{vertical-align:middle;margin-left:5px;direction:ltr}.at_PinItButton{display:block;width:40px;height:20px;padding:0;margin:0;background-image:url(//s7.addthis.com/static/t00/pinit00.png);background-repeat:no-repeat}.at_PinItButton:hover{background-position:0 -20px}.addthis_toolbox .addthis_button_pinterest_pinit{position:relative}.at-share-tbx-element .fb_iframe_widget span{vertical-align:baseline!important}#at16pf{height:auto;text-align:right;padding:4px 8px}.at-privacy-info{position:absolute;left:7px;bottom:7px;cursor:pointer;text-decoration:none;font-family:helvetica,arial,sans-serif;font-size:10px;line-height:9pt;letter-spacing:.2px;color:#666}.at-privacy-info:hover{color:#000}.body .wsb-social-share .wsb-social-share-button-vert{padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0}.body .wsb-social-share.addthis_counter_style .addthis_button_tweet.wsb-social-share-button{padding-top:40px}.body .wsb-social-share.addthis_counter_style .addthis_button_facebook_like.wsb-social-share-button{padding-top:21px}@media print{#at4-follow,#at4-share,#at4-thankyou,#at4-whatsnext,#at4m-mobile,#at15s,.at4,.at4-recommended{display:none!important}}@media screen and (max-width:400px){.at4win{width:100%}}@media screen and (max-height:700px) and (max-width:400px){.at4-thankyou-inner .at4-recommended-container{height:122px;overflow:hidden}.at4-thankyou-inner .at4-recommended .at4-recommended-item:first-child{border-bottom:1px solid #c5c5c5}}</style><style type="text/css">.at-branding-logo{font-family:helvetica,arial,sans-serif;text-decoration:none;font-size:10px;display:inline-block;margin:2px 0;letter-spacing:.2px}.at-branding-logo .at-branding-icon{background-image:url("data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAoAAAAKCAMAAAC67D+PAAAAGXRFWHRTb2Z0d2FyZQBBZG9iZSBJbWFnZVJlYWR5ccllPAAAAAZQTFRF////+GlNUkcc1QAAAB1JREFUeNpiYIQDBjQmAwMmkwEM0JnY1WIxFyDAABGeAFEudiZsAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC")}.at-branding-logo .at-branding-icon,.at-branding-logo .at-privacy-icon{display:inline-block;height:10px;width:10px;margin-left:4px;margin-right:3px;margin-bottom:-1px;background-repeat:no-repeat}.at-branding-logo .at-privacy-icon{background-image:url("data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAkAAAAKCAMAAABR24SMAAAAGXRFWHRTb2Z0d2FyZQBBZG9iZSBJbWFnZVJlYWR5ccllPAAAABhQTFRF8fr9ot/xXcfn2/P5AKva////////AKTWodjhjAAAAAd0Uk5T////////ABpLA0YAAAA6SURBVHjaJMzBDQAwCAJAQaj7b9xifV0kUKJ9ciWxlzWEWI5gMF65KUTv0VKkjVeTerqE/x7+9BVgAEXbAWI8QDcfAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC")}.at-branding-logo span{text-decoration:none}.at-branding-logo .at-branding-addthis,.at-branding-logo .at-branding-powered-by{color:#666}.at-branding-logo .at-branding-addthis:hover{color:#333}.at-cv-with-image .at-branding-addthis,.at-cv-with-image .at-branding-addthis:hover{color:#fff}a.at-branding-logo:visited{color:initial}.at-branding-info{display:inline-block;padding:0 5px;color:#666;border:1px solid #666;border-radius:50%;font-size:10px;line-height:9pt;opacity:.7;transition:all .3s ease;text-decoration:none}.at-branding-info span{border:0;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}.at-branding-info:before{content:'i';font-family:Times New Roman}.at-branding-info:hover{color:#0780df;border-color:#0780df}</style><style id="service-icons-0"></style>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
<meta name="theme-color" content="#000000">
<script async="" src="https://www.googletagservices.com/tag/js/gpt.js"></script>
<script>
var googletag = googletag || {};
googletag.cmd = googletag.cmd || [];
</script>
<style data-emotion-css="1nziq4n">@import url(https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=PT+Serif&display=swap);@import url(https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Vollkorn:400italic,700italic,400,700&display=swap);@import url(https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Roboto:300,400&display=swap);@import url(https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:300,400,600&display=swap);@import url(https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Lato:300,400,700&display=swap);@import url(https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Lora:400,700,400italic&display=swap);@import url(https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Montserrat:400,500,700&display=swap);@import url(https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Fira+Sans:300,400,500&display=swap);@import url(https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Fira+Sans+Condensed:300,400,500,600&display=swap);@import url(https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Poppins:400,600&display=swap);@import url(https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Encode+Sans:400,600,700&display=swap);@import url(https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Source+Sans+Pro&display=swap);{/*! normalize.css v8.0.1 | MIT License | github.com/necolas/normalize.css */}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;}body{margin:0;}main{display:block;}h1{font-size:2em;margin:0.67em 0;}hr{box-sizing:content-box;height:0;overflow:visible;}pre{font-family:monospace,monospace;font-size:1em;}a{background-color:transparent;}abbr[title]{border-bottom:none;-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration:underline dotted;text-decoration:underline dotted;}b,strong{font-weight:bolder;}code,kbd,samp{font-family:monospace,monospace;font-size:1em;}small{font-size:80%;}sub,sup{font-size:75%;line-height:0;position:relative;vertical-align:baseline;}sub{bottom:-0.25em;}sup{top:-0.5em;}img{border-style:none;}button,input,optgroup,select,textarea{font-family:inherit;font-size:100%;line-height:1.15;margin:0;}button,input{overflow:visible;}button,select{text-transform:none;}button,[type='button'],[type='reset'],[type='submit']{-webkit-appearance:button;}button::-moz-focus-inner,[type='button']::-moz-focus-inner,[type='reset']::-moz-focus-inner,[type='submit']::-moz-focus-inner{border-style:none;padding:0;}button:-moz-focusring,[type='button']:-moz-focusring,[type='reset']:-moz-focusring,[type='submit']:-moz-focusring{outline:1px dotted ButtonText;}fieldset{padding:0.35em 0.75em 0.625em;}legend{box-sizing:border-box;color:inherit;display:table;max-width:100%;padding:0;white-space:normal;}progress{vertical-align:baseline;}textarea{overflow:auto;}[type='checkbox'],[type='radio']{box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;}[type='number']::-webkit-inner-spin-button,[type='number']::-webkit-outer-spin-button{height:auto;}[type='search']{-webkit-appearance:textfield;outline-offset:-2px;}[type='search']::-webkit-search-decoration{-webkit-appearance:none;}::-webkit-file-upload-button{-webkit-appearance:button;font:inherit;}details{display:block;}summary{display:list-item;}template{display:none;}[hidden]{display:none;}@font-face{font-family:'Colaborate';src:url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/ColabReg-webfont.efc47d70.eot);src:url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/ColabReg-webfont.efc47d70.eot?#iefix) format('embedded-opentype'), url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/ColabReg-webfont.334f282b.woff) format('woff'), url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/ColabReg-webfont.62678982.ttf) format('truetype'), url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/ColabReg-webfont.7e060816.svg#ColaborateThinRegular) format('svg');font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;}@font-face{font-family:'Colaborate';src:url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/ColabBol-webfont.f0533ef1.eot);src:url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/ColabBol-webfont.f0533ef1.eot?#iefix) format('embedded-opentype'), url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/ColabBol-webfont.82177114.woff) format('woff'), url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/ColabBol-webfont.20ecdcc7.ttf) format('truetype'), url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/ColabBol-webfont.b3bed328.svg#ColaborateThinRegular) format('svg');font-weight:bold;font-style:normal;}@font-face{font-family:'Colaborate Thin';src:url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/ColabThi-webfont.a81e90df.eot);src:url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/ColabThi-webfont.a81e90df.eot?#iefix) format('embedded-opentype'), url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/ColabThi-webfont.82c0a70c.woff) format('woff'), url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/ColabThi-webfont.34506b78.ttf) format('truetype'), url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/ColabThi-webfont.917e0e2c.svg#ColaborateThinRegular) format('svg');font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;}@font-face{font-family:'Colaborate Light';src:url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/ColabLig-webfont.7750d539.eot);src:url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/ColabLig-webfont.7750d539.eot?#iefix) format('embedded-opentype'), url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/ColabLig-webfont.333a60a4.woff) format('woff'), url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/ColabLig-webfont.cefedb99.ttf) format('truetype'), url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/ColabLig-webfont.9aaf8456.svg#ColaborateLightRegular) format('svg');font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;}@font-face{font-family:'Crimson';src:url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/Crimson-Roman-webfont.41f04f70.eot);src:url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/Crimson-Roman-webfont.41f04f70.eot?#iefix) format('embedded-opentype'), url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/Crimson-Roman-webfont.88717972.woff) format('woff'), url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/Crimson-Roman-webfont.dbb6146d.ttf) format('truetype'), url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/Crimson-Roman-webfont.11ffe883.svg#CrimsonRoman) format('svg');font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;}@font-face{font-family:'Crimson';src:url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/Crimson-Bold-webfont.4bb7e323.eot);src:url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/Crimson-Bold-webfont.4bb7e323.eot?#iefix) format('embedded-opentype'), url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/Crimson-Bold-webfont.22be8efe.woff) format('woff'), url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/Crimson-Bold-webfont.8dd77d8b.ttf) format('truetype'), url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/Crimson-Bold-webfont.f974c011.svg#CrimsonBold) format('svg');font-weight:bold;font-style:normal;}@font-face{font-family:'Crimson';src:url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/Crimson-BoldItalic-webfont.a1245e00.eot);src:url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/Crimson-BoldItalic-webfont.a1245e00.eot?#iefix) format('embedded-opentype'), url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/Crimson-BoldItalic-webfont.f949e760.woff) format('woff'), url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/Crimson-BoldItalic-webfont.fd85eb5e.ttf) format('truetype'), url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/Crimson-BoldItalic-webfont.b45607f4.svg#CrimsonBoldItalic) format('svg');font-weight:bold;font-style:italic;}@font-face{font-family:'Crimson';src:url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/Crimson-Italic-webfont.38f478ef.eot);src:url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/Crimson-Italic-webfont.38f478ef.eot?#iefix) format('embedded-opentype'), url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/Crimson-Italic-webfont.9141f13f.woff) format('woff'), url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/Crimson-Italic-webfont.41e95e6c.ttf) format('truetype'), url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/Crimson-Italic-webfont.b22dfb7f.svg#CrimsonItalic) format('svg');font-weight:normal;font-style:italic;}@font-face{font-family:'Chunk Five';src:url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/Chunkfive-webfont.ba95aac3.eot);src:url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/Chunkfive-webfont.ba95aac3.eot?#iefix) format('embedded-opentype'), url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/Chunkfive-webfont.af5dc4da.woff) format('woff'), url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/Chunkfive-webfont.0581c277.ttf) format('truetype'), url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/Chunkfive-webfont.c9ca1787.svg#ColaborateThinRegular) format('svg');font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;}@font-face{font-family:'Bebas';src:url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/BEBAS___-webfont.973cf37a.eot);src:url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/BEBAS___-webfont.973cf37a.eot?#iefix) format('embedded-opentype'), url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/BEBAS___-webfont.f3ac9c0c.woff) format('woff'), url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/BEBAS___-webfont.9254ccd9.ttf) format('truetype'), url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/BEBAS___-webfont.49b796e3.svg#bebasregular) format('svg');font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;}@font-face{font-family:'Big Moore';src:url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/BigMoore-Regular.f213cb76.woff) format('woff');}@font-face{font-family:'FranklinGothicBook';src:url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/FranklinGothicBook.6eb311e8.woff) format('woff');}@font-face{font-family:'Melbourne';src:url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/Melbourne_reg.b036c47e.woff) format('woff'), url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/Melbourne_reg.9f3eb53d.ttf) format('truetype');font-weight:normal;}@font-face{font-family:'Mercury Text G2';src:url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/MercuryTextG2-Roman.6f645676.eot);src:url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/MercuryTextG2-Roman.df98aacb.woff) format('woff'), url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/MercuryTextG2-Roman.5700f1d5.ttf) format('truetype');font-weight:normal;}@font-face{font-family:'SuecaSans-Medium';src:url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/SuecaSans-Medium.fab10fdc.otf);font-weight:normal;}@font-face{font-family:'SuecaSlab-Heavy';src:url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/SuecaSlab-Heavy.48424d82.otf);font-weight:normal;}@font-face{font-family:'SuecaSlab-Semibold';src:url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/SuecaSlab-Semibold.4cb057c2.otf);font-weight:normal;}@font-face{font-family:'SuecaSlab-Extralight';src:url(https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/SuecaSlab-Extralight.93d5d9ac.otf);font-weight:normal;}body{font-family:Georgia,serif;}a{color:#000000;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;}p a{color:#bc413e;}a:active,a:hover{color:#ba0600;-moz-transition:color 0.3s;-o-transition:color 0.3s;-webkit-transition:color 0.3s;-webkit-transition:color 0.3s;transition:color 0.3s;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:Times New Roman,Georgia,serif;font-weight:normal;}</style><style data-emotion-css="1erml5w">.css-1erml5w .sticky-navbar{width:100%;z-index:1001;height:48px;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:row;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-transition:top 0.3s;transition:top 0.3s;}@media (max-width:1000px){.css-1erml5w .sticky-navbar{top:0px;}}.css-1erml5w .sticky-navbar-active{top:0px;}.css-1erml5w .sidebar-menu{position:fixed;top:0px;left:-201px;width:200px;height:100%;-webkit-transition:all 0.2s;transition:all 0.2s;z-index:1000;background:white;padding-top:66px;border-right:1px solid #ccc;}.css-1erml5w .sidebar-menu form{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:row;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;padding:10px 10px 10px 0px;background-color:whitesmoke;}.css-1erml5w .sidebar-menu form input{height:20px;background-color:whitesmoke;}.css-1erml5w .sidebar-menu form .sidebar-search-box{border:0px;-webkit-box-flex:1;-webkit-flex-grow:1;-ms-flex-positive:1;flex-grow:1;min-width:0px;}.css-1erml5w .sidebar-menu .sidebar-list{padding:0px 20px;}.css-1erml5w .sidebar-menu .sidebar-list .sidebar-menu-title{font-size:14px;margin:14px 0px;}.css-1erml5w .sidebar-menu .sidebar-list ul{list-style-type:none;text-transform:uppercase;padding:0px;}.css-1erml5w .sidebar-menu .sidebar-list ul li{padding:4px 0px;}.css-1erml5w .sidebar-menu .sidebar-list ul li.links-top{font:300 16px Lato,sans-serif;}.css-1erml5w .sidebar-menu .sidebar-list ul li.links-bottom{font:300 12px Lato,sans-serif;}.css-1erml5w .sidebar-menu .sidebar-list .social-icons{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:row;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;}.css-1erml5w .sidebar-menu .sidebar-list .social-icons img{width:20px;height:20px;margin-right:16px;}.css-1erml5w .sidebar-menu-active{left:0px;}</style><style data-emotion-css="1pwj869">.css-1pwj869{position:fixed;background:white;border-bottom:1px solid #cccccc;top:0px;}</style><style data-emotion-css="qjsrad">.css-qjsrad{position:absolute;left:9px;height:20px;-webkit-transition:all 0.1s;transition:all 0.1s;cursor:pointer;}</style><style data-emotion-css="xi1zhy">.css-xi1zhy{height:18px;width:unset;}.css-xi1zhy path{fill:#ba0600;}</style><style data-emotion-css="wq7x4n">.css-wq7x4n{height:45px;display:block;}</style><style data-emotion-css="108whed-Tt">.css-108whed-Tt{margin-bottom:24px;}@media (max-width:768px){.css-108whed-Tt{display:none;}}</style><style data-emotion-css="12m1k7q">.css-12m1k7q{display:block;margin:0px auto;width:100%;max-width:100%;background:transparent;padding:10px 0px;}.css-12m1k7q .ad-tag{font-family:'Times New Roman','Lucida Sans Unicode',sans-serif;color:#333333;text-align:center;font-size:0.7em;text-transform:uppercase;display:block;}.css-12m1k7q .ad-body{width:-webkit-fit-content;width:-moz-fit-content;width:fit-content;margin:0px auto;text-align:center;}</style><style data-emotion-css="bitigd-Tt">.css-bitigd-Tt{display:none;margin-bottom:24px;}@media (max-width:768px){.css-bitigd-Tt{display:block;}}</style><style data-emotion-css="12m1k7q">.css-12m1k7q{display:block;margin:0px auto;width:100%;max-width:100%;background:transparent;padding:10px 0px;}.css-12m1k7q .ad-tag{font-family:'Times New Roman','Lucida Sans Unicode',sans-serif;color:#333333;text-align:center;font-size:0.7em;text-transform:uppercase;display:block;}.css-12m1k7q .ad-body{width:-webkit-fit-content;width:-moz-fit-content;width:fit-content;margin:0px auto;text-align:center;}</style><style data-emotion-css="1yame4f">.css-1yame4f{max-width:600px;margin:0px auto;padding:0px 20px;box-sizing:content-box;font-size:3.5em;line-height:1;color:#ba0600;margin-bottom:20px;text-align:center;}@media (max-width:768px){.css-1yame4f{font-size:2.2em;text-align:left;}}</style><style data-emotion-css="19d27pp">.css-19d27pp{max-width:600px;margin:0px auto;padding:0px 20px;box-sizing:content-box;display:block;font-size:1.1em;line-height:1.5em;color:#555;font-style:italic;}</style><style data-emotion-css="by23xk-Fi">.css-by23xk-Fi{max-width:600px;margin:0px auto;padding:0px 20px;box-sizing:content-box;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:row;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;-ms-flex-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between;margin-top:25px;margin-bottom:8px;}</style><style data-emotion-css="vmd4c9-Fi">.css-vmd4c9-Fi{font-family:'Open Sans';color:#777;text-transform:uppercase;font-size:12px;}</style><style data-emotion-css="1yecn7m-Fi">.css-1yecn7m-Fi{font-family:'Open Sans';color:#777;text-transform:uppercase;font-size:12px;}.css-1yecn7m-Fi img{padding-right:7px;}</style><style data-emotion-css="63mayg-Object">.css-63mayg-Object{max-width:600px;margin:0px auto;padding:0px 20px;box-sizing:content-box;border:0.5px solid #ccc;}</style><style data-emotion-css="wm4zcm">.css-wm4zcm{display:block;margin:0px auto;max-width:640px;z-index:20;position:relative;}.css-wm4zcm > div{box-sizing:content-box;padding:0px 20px;margin:0px auto;}.css-wm4zcm > div.shortcode-left{float:left;}.css-wm4zcm > div.shortcode-right{float:right;}.css-wm4zcm > div.shortcode-small{max-width:200px;}.css-wm4zcm > div.shortcode-medium{max-width:400px;}.css-wm4zcm > div.shortcode-large{max-width:600px;}.css-wm4zcm > div.shortcode-xlarge{max-width:1000px;}.css-wm4zcm > div.shortcode-fullscreen{padding:0px;}</style><style data-emotion-css="8atqhb">.css-8atqhb{width:100%;}</style><style data-emotion-css="8pot">.css-8pot{max-width:1000px;margin:5px 0px auto;font-family:'Times New Roman','Lucida Sans Unicode',sans-serif;color:#777;font-size:15px;}</style><style data-emotion-css="1ys3e0l">.css-1ys3e0l img{padding-right:7px;}</style><style data-emotion-css="ny9zyd-Ni">.css-ny9zyd-Ni{position:relative;width:100%;}.css-ny9zyd-Ni p{max-width:600px;margin:0px auto;padding:0px 20px;box-sizing:content-box;font:17px/25px Georgia,serif;margin-top:1em;margin-bottom:1em;}.css-ny9zyd-Ni ol{max-width:600px;margin:0px auto;padding:0px 20px;box-sizing:content-box;font:17px/25px Georgia,serif;padding-left:80px;}.css-ny9zyd-Ni p a,.css-ny9zyd-Ni ol a,.css-ny9zyd-Ni p a:visited,.css-ny9zyd-Ni ol a:visited{color:#ba0600;-webkit-transition:0.3s all;transition:0.3s all;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;}.css-ny9zyd-Ni p a:hover,.css-ny9zyd-Ni ol a:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;}.css-ny9zyd-Ni h1,.css-ny9zyd-Ni h2,.css-ny9zyd-Ni h3,.css-ny9zyd-Ni h4,.css-ny9zyd-Ni h5,.css-ny9zyd-Ni h6{max-width:600px;margin:0px auto;padding:0px 20px;box-sizing:content-box;margin-top:1em;margin-bottom:1em;color:#ba0600;}</style><style data-emotion-css="gnswvu-Ni">.css-gnswvu-Ni{height:100%;width:40px;position:absolute;right:calc((100% - 640px) / 2 + 640px);z-index:-1;}@media (max-width:950px){.css-gnswvu-Ni{display:none;}}</style><style data-emotion-css="1kt3bzc">.css-1kt3bzc{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;width:auto;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;position:-webkit-sticky;position:sticky;top:70px;}.css-1kt3bzc .icons{display:inline-block;padding:0px;}.css-1kt3bzc .icons > span{width:35px !important;height:35px !important;text-align:center;border-radius:50%;}.css-1kt3bzc .icons svg{width:25px !important;height:35px !important;}.css-1kt3bzc .addthis_button_email > span,.css-1kt3bzc .addthis_button_print > span,.css-1kt3bzc .addthis_button_link > span{background-color:#ebebeb !important;}.css-1kt3bzc .addthis_counter .addthis_button_expanded{width:35px;height:35px;margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;text-align:center;border:1px solid #ebebeb;border-radius:50%;color:#ebebeb !important;}.css-1kt3bzc .addthis_button_compact{display:none !important;}</style><style data-emotion-css="1prkri1-Ni">.css-1prkri1-Ni{display:none;max-width:600px;margin:0px auto;padding:0px 20px;box-sizing:content-box;padding-top:20px;padding-bottom:20px;margin-top:20px;border-top:1px solid #ebebeb;border-bottom:1px solid #ebebeb;}@media (max-width:950px){.css-1prkri1-Ni{display:block;}}</style><style data-emotion-css="u1fend">.css-u1fend{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;width:auto;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;position:-webkit-sticky;position:sticky;top:70px;-webkit-flex-direction:row;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;position:unset;}.css-u1fend .icons{display:inline-block;padding:0px;}.css-u1fend .icons > span{width:35px !important;height:35px !important;text-align:center;border-radius:50%;}.css-u1fend .icons svg{width:25px !important;height:35px !important;}.css-u1fend .addthis_button_email > span,.css-u1fend .addthis_button_print > span,.css-u1fend .addthis_button_link > span{background-color:#ebebeb !important;}.css-u1fend .addthis_counter .addthis_button_expanded{width:35px;height:35px;margin:0px;padding:0px;background:none;text-align:center;border:1px solid #ebebeb;border-radius:50%;color:#ebebeb !important;}.css-u1fend .addthis_button_compact{display:none !important;}.css-u1fend .icons{margin:0px 5px;}</style><style data-emotion-css="1hc0jhf">.css-1hc0jhf{position:relative;width:100%;}.css-1hc0jhf p{max-width:600px;margin:0px auto;padding:0px 20px;box-sizing:content-box;font:17px/25px Georgia,serif;margin-top:1em;margin-bottom:1em;}.css-1hc0jhf ol{max-width:600px;margin:0px auto;padding:0px 20px;box-sizing:content-box;font:17px/25px Georgia,serif;padding-left:80px;}.css-1hc0jhf p a,.css-1hc0jhf ol a,.css-1hc0jhf p a:visited,.css-1hc0jhf ol a:visited{color:#ba0600;-webkit-transition:0.3s all;transition:0.3s all;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;}.css-1hc0jhf p a:hover,.css-1hc0jhf ol a:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;}.css-1hc0jhf h1,.css-1hc0jhf h2,.css-1hc0jhf h3,.css-1hc0jhf h4,.css-1hc0jhf h5,.css-1hc0jhf h6{max-width:600px;margin:0px auto;padding:0px 20px;box-sizing:content-box;margin-top:1em;margin-bottom:1em;color:#ba0600;}</style><style data-emotion-css="12m1k7q">.css-12m1k7q{display:block;margin:0px auto;width:100%;max-width:100%;background:transparent;padding:10px 0px;}.css-12m1k7q .ad-tag{font-family:'Times New Roman','Lucida Sans Unicode',sans-serif;color:#333333;text-align:center;font-size:0.7em;text-transform:uppercase;display:block;}.css-12m1k7q .ad-body{width:-webkit-fit-content;width:-moz-fit-content;width:fit-content;margin:0px auto;text-align:center;}</style><style data-emotion-css="ysl1c9-Bi">.css-ysl1c9-Bi{max-width:600px;margin:0px auto;padding:0px 20px;box-sizing:content-box;padding:20px 20px;border-top:1px solid #ccc;border-bottom:1px solid #ccc;margin:20px auto;}</style><style data-emotion-css="1vg2o64">.css-1vg2o64{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:row;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;margin:0px auto;}@media (max-width:425px){.css-1vg2o64{-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;-webkit-align-items:flex-start;-webkit-box-align:flex-start;-ms-flex-align:flex-start;align-items:flex-start;}}</style><style data-emotion-css="1oeze8g">.css-1oeze8g{display:block;margin-right:20px;font:0.85em/1.5em 'Times New Roman';text-transform:uppercase;}</style><style data-emotion-css="1a0sfva">.css-1a0sfva{display:inline-block;background-color:#aaa;border-radius:5px;padding:2px 4px;text-transform:uppercase;font:13px 'Times New Roman';margin:2px;color:white;}</style><style data-emotion-css="13exofv">.css-13exofv{max-width:600px;margin:0px auto;padding:0px 20px;box-sizing:content-box;margin-bottom:24px;}</style><style data-emotion-css="108whed-Tt">.css-108whed-Tt{margin-bottom:24px;}@media (max-width:768px){.css-108whed-Tt{display:none;}}</style><style data-emotion-css="12m1k7q">.css-12m1k7q{display:block;margin:0px auto;width:100%;max-width:100%;background:transparent;padding:10px 0px;}.css-12m1k7q .ad-tag{font-family:'Times New Roman','Lucida Sans Unicode',sans-serif;color:#333333;text-align:center;font-size:0.7em;text-transform:uppercase;display:block;}.css-12m1k7q .ad-body{width:-webkit-fit-content;width:-moz-fit-content;width:fit-content;margin:0px auto;text-align:center;}</style><style data-emotion-css="bitigd-Tt">.css-bitigd-Tt{display:none;margin-bottom:24px;}@media (max-width:768px){.css-bitigd-Tt{display:block;}}</style><style data-emotion-css="12m1k7q">.css-12m1k7q{display:block;margin:0px auto;width:100%;max-width:100%;background:transparent;padding:10px 0px;}.css-12m1k7q .ad-tag{font-family:'Times New Roman','Lucida Sans Unicode',sans-serif;color:#333333;text-align:center;font-size:0.7em;text-transform:uppercase;display:block;}.css-12m1k7q .ad-body{width:-webkit-fit-content;width:-moz-fit-content;width:fit-content;margin:0px auto;text-align:center;}</style><style data-emotion-css="146hu1z-Object">.css-146hu1z-Object{background:#f4f4f4;line-height:1.3em;}.css-146hu1z-Object a{color:#333;}.css-146hu1z-Object .top-bar{background:#e9e9e9;}.css-146hu1z-Object .top-bar .container{max-width:1000px;margin:0 auto;}.css-146hu1z-Object .top-bar li{list-style:none;padding:20px 76px 0px;}.css-146hu1z-Object .top-bar a{font-size:1.5em;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:black;}.css-146hu1z-Object .top-bar .established{font-size:10px;color:#555555;padding:0 76px 5px;margin:0;}.css-146hu1z-Object .bottom-bar{max-width:1000px;margin:0px auto;padding:20px 60px 0px 60px;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:row;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;font-family:'Roboto',sans-serif;box-sizing:border-box;}.css-146hu1z-Object .copyright{padding-bottom:20px;color:#333;font-size:12.4px;line-height:18.72px;text-align:center;}@media (max-width:600px){.css-146hu1z-Object .top-bar li{padding:20px 60px 0px;}.css-146hu1z-Object .bottom-bar{-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;padding:0px 60px 0px 60px;}}</style><style data-emotion-css="ehnrwh-Zt">.css-ehnrwh-Zt{height:-webkit-min-content;height:-moz-min-content;height:min-content;-webkit-box-flex:1;-webkit-flex-grow:1;-ms-flex-positive:1;flex-grow:1;-webkit-flex-basis:150px;-ms-flex-preferred-size:150px;flex-basis:150px;margin-bottom:50px;}.css-ehnrwh-Zt h1{font-family:'Times New Roman','Lucida Sans Unicode',sans-serif;font-size:13px;font-weight:normal;text-transform:uppercase;color:#333;line-height:0.95em;margin:0;padding-left:16px;padding-bottom:5px;padding-top:4px;}.css-ehnrwh-Zt ul{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0;font-weight:300;}.css-ehnrwh-Zt ul li{padding:3px 0;padding-left:16px;}@media (max-width:600px){.css-ehnrwh-Zt{text-align:left;-webkit-flex-basis:0px;-ms-flex-preferred-size:0px;flex-basis:0px;border-bottom:1px solid #333;padding-top:15px;padding-bottom:15px;margin-bottom:10px;}.css-ehnrwh-Zt h1{padding-left:0;font-size:15px;cursor:pointer;}.css-ehnrwh-Zt ul li{padding-left:0;}.css-ehnrwh-Zt:not(:first-of-type){border-left:none;}.css-ehnrwh-Zt .footer-list{max-height:0;overflow:hidden;-webkit-transition:max-height 0.2s ease-out;transition:max-height 0.2s ease-out;}}</style><style data-emotion="css-global"></style><style data-emotion="css"></style><style type="text/css">.backpack.dropzone {
font-family: 'SF UI Display', 'Segoe UI';
font-size: 15px;
text-align: center;
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
width: 250px;
height: 150px;
font-weight: lighter;
color: white;
will-change: right;
z-index: 2147483647;
bottom: 20%;
background: #333;
position: fixed;
user-select: none;
transition: left .5s, right .5s;
right: 0px; }
.backpack.dropzone .animation {
height: 80px;
width: 250px;
background: url("chrome-extension://lifbcibllhkdhoafpjfnlhfpfgnpldfl/assets/backpack/dropzone/hoverstate.png") left center; }
.backpack.dropzone .title::before {
content: 'Save to'; }
.backpack.dropzone.closed {
right: -250px; }
.backpack.dropzone.hover .animation {
animation: sxt-play-anim-hover 0.91s steps(21);
animation-fill-mode: forwards;
background: url("chrome-extension://lifbcibllhkdhoafpjfnlhfpfgnpldfl/assets/backpack/dropzone/hoverstate.png") left center; }
@keyframes sxt-play-anim-hover {
from {
background-position: 0px; }
to {
background-position: -5250px; } }
.backpack.dropzone.saving .title::before {
content: 'Saving to'; }
.backpack.dropzone.saving .animation {
background: url("chrome-extension://lifbcibllhkdhoafpjfnlhfpfgnpldfl/assets/backpack/dropzone/saving_loop.png") left center;
animation: sxt-play-anim-saving steps(59) 2.46s infinite; }
@keyframes sxt-play-anim-saving {
100% {
background-position: -14750px; } }
.backpack.dropzone.saved .title::before {
content: 'Saved to'; }
.backpack.dropzone.saved .animation {
background: url("chrome-extension://lifbcibllhkdhoafpjfnlhfpfgnpldfl/assets/backpack/dropzone/saved.png") left center;
animation: sxt-play-anim-saved steps(20) 0.83s forwards; }
@keyframes sxt-play-anim-saved {
100% {
background-position: -5000px; } }
</style><link rel="preload" href="https://adservice.google.com/adsid/integrator.js?domain=www.thecrimson.com" as="script"><script type="text/javascript" src="https://adservice.google.com/adsid/integrator.js?domain=www.thecrimson.com"></script><script src="https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/gpt/pubads_impl_2020050602.js" async=""></script><script type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8" async="" src="https://s7.addthis.com/static/151.67aec2e0546e639563bb.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8" async="" src="https://s7.addthis.com/static/counter.1e8689847c822d3197cd.js"></script><script src="https://thecrimson.disqus.com/embed.js" data-timestamp="1589859093921"></script><style type="text/css">.addthis_counter{font-weight:700;display:inline-block;border:0;outline:0;cursor:pointer;color:#fff}.addthis_counter a{display:block;font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif!important;text-decoration:none!important;border:0}.addthis_counter{text-decoration:none!important;text-align:left}.addthis_counter .addthis_button_expanded{background:url("data:image/png;base64,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");background-repeat:no-repeat;display:inline-block}.addthis_counter .atc_s{background:url("data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABQAAAAUBAMAAAB/pwA+AAAAFVBMVEUAAAD///////////////////////9Iz20EAAAABnRSTlMAwPm7kB4+mBDvAAAAP0lEQVQI12MIVksDgyRTBrM0KEhmAApChRnS4ACdKcCIl5ko6MAiKAZmJjAAARsKE6GAsGE43IBwJLLTER4CAHvvQkc3Hji8AAAAAElFTkSuQmCC");background-size:10px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-color:#fe6d4c;background-position:5px 5px;display:inline-block;border-radius:2px;min-width:25px;text-decoration:none}.addthis_counter .atc_s:hover{background-color:#e75a3a}.addthis_counter.addthis_bubble_style{background-image:url("data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhUgBkAKIEAOrq6sLCwoWFhf///////wAAAAAAAAAAACH5BAEAAAQALAAAAABSAGQAAAP/SLoa/jDKSetkOGsdwPhgKI5kaYpAsK1sd75wPKZsjQVyrpuq7eO7YLDnqwGFyBixuDomn6UlkwOtkqTTm3ULwmYXTi7U+3WJreSp+VxNF9fs8ZcBjz/dRo8dPSfU90l4TXqAcn1/hTuCLYSJQ31gjY45i3mTipB0kpcnlTZhnDyZdKFKo2ClMJ5GqS+rLa2dpw2xorOgtR+vg7kou7y9AzSzYBbGx8gRxAwCzc7P0NHS09TSywoCm60AAsvZwSDcxALgId2z5OUf56fp6uyj7uXwmfLg9JD2wfh9+r38X76pGwBwisCBBYscRFhP2718Dh/OWThwXb+IEidi/New+SKIhD4ozmu3sRVIhSVLnVRYcWXIluNgopPZjmY8m/VwQlQnblxKRz29VRtKtCg0YsmSOsBgtGmzNz9zDCMgEkpQWGyI+KuyElebBVuhdI2jNc5JRF+pRtUBEu3XqlYSum0DNy6jPQHqcrVEVq2ds2spYQssY2xWsGZ/9MWW+NNiqo35cpmqV8jVFkqTMXVqlEnmz1I4i4Y3twplwjqCehVTthC71VxaA3qdSPYe2oVs/0WVG7HrBqgx+f1deouKylsEFDeOPPlyNM3tPpcTXSzw2oMT4QakOzJs475n8+Ye/vZ4vOV30+rN+Pf1PacBXQWdefPopgQSAAA7");background-repeat:no-repeat}.addthis_counter a.atc_s{font-size:11px;font-weight:100;color:#fff;padding:0 5px 0 20px;line-height:20px;overflow:hidden;cursor:pointer;transition:none}.addthis_counter .atc_s-span,.addthis_counter a.atc_s{display:block;height:20px}.addthis_counter .addthis_button_expanded.at300m .at4-icon{display:none!important}.addthis_counter a.addthis_button_expanded:hover,.addthis_counter.addthis_pill_style a.addthis_button_expanded:hover{text-decoration:none;color:#000}.addthis_counter .addthis_button_expanded{display:block;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-position:0 -40px;width:50px;height:33px;line-height:33px;padding-bottom:4px;margin-bottom:3px;text-align:center;text-decoration:none;font-size:1pc;font-weight:700;color:#333}.addthis_counter{vertical-align:top}.addthis_counter.addthis_native_counter .addthis_button_expanded{font-weight:400}* html .addthis_counter.compatmode0 .addthis_button_expanded{padding-bottom:0!important}* html .addthis_counter .addthis_button_expanded{height:37px}.addthis_counter .addthis_button_expanded:hover{background-position:0 -77px;cursor:pointer;color:#000}.addthis_counter .addthis_button_expanded .at300bs{display:none!important}.addthis_counter.addthis_pill_style{display:block;height:25px;overflow:hidden}.addthis_counter.addthis_pill_style a.atc_s{float:left}.addthis_counter.addthis_pill_style a.addthis_button_expanded{display:none;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-position:0 -114px;width:34px!important;height:20px;line-height:20px;margin:0 0 0 3px;padding:0 0 0 4px;float:left;text-align:center;text-decoration:none;font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-weight:700;font-size:11px;color:#333;-ms-box-sizing:content-box;-o-box-sizing:content-box;box-sizing:content-box}.addthis_counter.addthis_pill_style.addthis_nonzero a.addthis_button_expanded{display:block!important;transition:none}.addthis_counter.addthis_pill_style a.addthis_button_expanded:hover{background-position:0 -134px!important}.addthis_counter.addthis_bubble_style{margin:0 0 0 -2px;text-align:center;font-weight:700;font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;color:#000;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-position:0 -4pc;padding:0 0 0 4px;height:1pc;width:2pc!important;-ms-box-sizing:content-box;-o-box-sizing:content-box;box-sizing:content-box}.addthis_native_counter_parent .addthis_counter.addthis_bubble_style{background-position:0 -4pc!important}.addthis_counter.addthis_bubble_style.addthis_native_counter{margin:0 2px}.addthis_counter.addthis_bubble_style a.addthis_button_expanded{font-size:11px;height:1pc;line-height:1pc;width:34px;background:none}.addthis_counter.addthis_bubble_style:hover{background-position:-36px -4pc!important}.addthis_20x20_style .addthis_counter.addthis_bubble_style{background-repeat:no-repeat;background-position:0 -5pc!important;height:20px;width:35px!important;line-height:20px;padding:0 0 0 6px}.addthis_20x20_style .addthis_counter.addthis_bubble_style:hover{background-position:-41px -5pc!important}.addthis_20x20_style .addthis_counter.addthis_bubble_style a.addthis_button_expanded{background:none;font-size:9pt;line-height:20px;height:20px;margin:0;width:35px!important;padding:0!important}.addthis_20x20_style .addthis_counter.addthis_bubble_style.addthis_native_counter a.addthis_button_expanded{font-size:11px}.addthis_32x32_style .addthis_counter.addthis_bubble_style,.addthis_32x32_white_style .addthis_counter.addthis_bubble_style{background-repeat:no-repeat;background-position:0 0!important;height:2pc;width:56px!important;line-height:2pc;padding:0 0 0 6px}.addthis_32x32_style .addthis_counter.addthis_bubble_style a.addthis_button_expanded,.addthis_32x32_white_style .addthis_counter.addthis_bubble_style a.addthis_button_expanded{background:none;font-size:1pc;line-height:2pc;height:2pc;margin:0;width:56px!important;padding:0!important}.addthis_32x32_style .addthis_counter.addthis_bubble_style:hover,.addthis_32x32_white_style .addthis_counter.addthis_bubble_style:hover{background-position:0 -2pc!important}.addthis_counter.addthis_bubble_style .atc_s{display:none!important}* html .addthis_counter.addthis_bubble_style{width:36px!important;display:inline}* html .addthis_counter.bubblecompatmode0{width:2pc!important;display:block}* html .addthis_counter.addthis_bubble_style a.addthis_button_expanded{width:24px!important;height:14px!important;line-height:14px!important;padding:0;margin-top:1px!important;display:inline}* html .addthis_counter.bubblecompatmode0 a.addthis_button_expanded{width:36px}* html .addthis_32x32_style .addthis_counter.addthis_bubble_style{width:60px!important}* html .addthis_32x32_style .addthis_counter.addthis_bubble_style a.addthis_button_expanded{width:46px;height:26px!important;line-height:26px!important;margin-top:2px!important}* html .addthis_32x32_style .addthis_counter.bubblecompatmode0 a.addthis_button_expanded{height:2pc!important;line-height:2pc!important}</style><link rel="prefetch" href="https://11c193650fdb6c145ef3047a9caa403f.safeframe.googlesyndication.com/safeframe/1-0-37/html/container.html"><link rel="prefetch" href="https://tpc.googlesyndication.com/safeframe/1-0-37/html/container.html"><style type="text/css">.__react_component_tooltip {
border-radius: 3px;
display: inline-block;
font-size: 13px;
left: -999em;
opacity: 0;
padding: 8px 21px;
position: fixed;
pointer-events: none;
transition: opacity 0.3s ease-out;
top: -999em;
visibility: hidden;
z-index: 999;
}
.__react_component_tooltip.allow_hover, .__react_component_tooltip.allow_click {
pointer-events: auto;
}
.__react_component_tooltip::before, .__react_component_tooltip::after {
content: "";
width: 0;
height: 0;
position: absolute;
}
.__react_component_tooltip.show {
opacity: 0.9;
margin-top: 0;
margin-left: 0;
visibility: visible;
}
.__react_component_tooltip.place-top::before {
border-left: 10px solid transparent;
border-right: 10px solid transparent;
bottom: -8px;
left: 50%;
margin-left: -10px;
}
.__react_component_tooltip.place-bottom::before {
border-left: 10px solid transparent;
border-right: 10px solid transparent;
top: -8px;
left: 50%;
margin-left: -10px;
}
.__react_component_tooltip.place-left::before {
border-top: 6px solid transparent;
border-bottom: 6px solid transparent;
right: -8px;
top: 50%;
margin-top: -5px;
}
.__react_component_tooltip.place-right::before {
border-top: 6px solid transparent;
border-bottom: 6px solid transparent;
left: -8px;
top: 50%;
margin-top: -5px;
}
.__react_component_tooltip .multi-line {
display: block;
padding: 2px 0;
text-align: center;
}</style><style>@import url(https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Roboto:wght@400;700&display=swap);</style><style>/* @font-face {
font-family: 'Roboto';
src: url('fonts/Roboto-Regular.woff2') format('woff2'),
url('fonts/Roboto-Regular.woff') format('woff');
font-weight: normal;
font-style: normal;
}
@font-face {
font-family: 'Roboto';
src: url('fonts/Roboto-Light.woff2') format('woff2'),
url('fonts/Roboto-Light.woff') format('woff');
font-weight: 300;
font-style: normal;
}
@font-face {
font-family: 'Roboto';
src: url('fonts/Roboto-Black.woff2') format('woff2'),
url('fonts/Roboto-Black.woff') format('woff');
font-weight: 900;
font-style: normal;
}
@font-face {
font-family: 'Roboto';
src: url('fonts/Roboto-Bold.woff2') format('woff2'),
url('fonts/Roboto-Bold.woff') format('woff');
font-weight: bold;
font-style: normal;
} */
.root-content {
border: 0px;
margin: 0px;
padding: 0px;
font-family: 'Roboto' sans-serif;
}
</style><link rel="prefetch" as="style" href="https://c.disquscdn.com/next/embed/styles/lounge.db072b7d11b56c5c060394cab39e75c5.css"><link rel="prefetch" as="script" href="https://c.disquscdn.com/next/embed/common.bundle.f9554506a08a1cc2b021f0dfc3f59ebb.js"><link rel="prefetch" as="script" href="https://c.disquscdn.com/next/embed/lounge.bundle.d3858dbda732166bc46a5391f5b0b789.js"><link rel="prefetch" as="script" href="https://disqus.com/next/config.js"></head>
<body>
<div id="root">
<div>
<div class="css-1erml5w">
<div class="sticky-navbar css-1pwj869">
<svg height="32px" id="Layer_1" style="enable-background:new 0 0 32 32" viewBox="0 0 32 32" width="32px" xml:space="preserve" class="css-qjsrad"><path d="M4,10h24c1.104,0,2-0.896,2-2s-0.896-2-2-2H4C2.896,6,2,6.896,2,8S2.896,10,4,10z M28,14H4c-1.104,0-2,0.896-2,2 s0.896,2,2,2h24c1.104,0,2-0.896,2-2S29.104,14,28,14z M28,22H4c-1.104,0-2,0.896-2,2s0.896,2,2,2h24c1.104,0,2-0.896,2-2 S29.104,22,28,22z"></path></svg>
<a href="/" to="/">
<svg width="321" height="31" viewBox="0 0 381 31" fill="none" class="css-xi1zhy">
<path d="M 277.49 2.979 L 277.393 2.979 Q 276.907 2.979 276.143 3.237 A 8.95 8.95 0 0 0 275.977 3.296 Q 275.151 3.594 274.713 3.914 A 2.263 2.263 0 0 0 274.658 3.955 Q 274.18 4.313 274.092 6.263 A 21.44 21.44 0 0 0 274.072 7.227 A 37.764 37.764 0 0 0 274.079 7.707 Q 274.12 9.997 274.407 22.489 A 33285.103 33285.103 0 0 0 274.512 27.051 A 19.389 19.389 0 0 0 274.62 28.836 Q 274.713 29.678 274.884 30.389 A 8.327 8.327 0 0 0 275.244 31.543 A 0.658 0.658 0 0 0 275.435 31.777 Q 275.757 32.042 276.537 32.255 A 8.324 8.324 0 0 0 276.709 32.3 Q 277.957 32.612 278.498 32.617 A 1.884 1.884 0 0 0 278.516 32.617 A 0.121 0.121 0 0 1 278.618 32.684 Q 278.689 32.795 278.706 33.095 A 3.699 3.699 0 0 1 278.711 33.301 Q 278.711 33.74 278.613 34.033 Q 274.435 33.824 273.153 33.794 A 15.551 15.551 0 0 0 272.803 33.789 A 5.998 5.998 0 0 0 272.658 33.793 Q 271.973 33.816 268.289 33.975 A 4931.609 4931.609 0 0 0 266.943 34.033 Q 266.785 33.875 266.755 33.458 A 2.898 2.898 0 0 1 266.748 33.252 A 3.149 3.149 0 0 1 266.754 33.053 Q 266.782 32.617 266.943 32.617 A 2.926 2.926 0 0 0 267.249 32.599 Q 267.563 32.566 268.005 32.471 A 15.169 15.169 0 0 0 268.433 32.373 Q 269.226 32.18 269.666 31.986 A 2.482 2.482 0 0 0 269.873 31.885 Q 270.42 31.566 270.456 30.011 A 9.728 9.728 0 0 0 270.459 29.785 L 270.459 27.197 L 269.873 10.01 A 9.835 9.835 0 0 0 269.805 9.331 Q 269.757 8.967 269.68 8.559 A 18.952 18.952 0 0 0 269.604 8.179 A 7.441 7.441 0 0 0 269.528 7.849 Q 269.354 7.173 269.165 7.132 A 0.115 0.115 0 0 0 269.141 7.129 A 0.087 0.087 0 0 0 269.088 7.151 Q 269.006 7.216 268.896 7.471 L 258.691 31.885 Q 257.889 33.702 257.122 33.946 A 0.777 0.777 0 0 1 256.885 33.984 Q 256.765 33.984 256.548 33.919 A 3.526 3.526 0 0 1 256.445 33.887 L 245.264 5.469 A 764.782 764.782 0 0 1 245.16 9.832 Q 245.1 12.062 245.024 14.535 A 1306.742 1306.742 0 0 1 244.971 16.211 A 3258.238 3258.238 0 0 1 244.876 19.106 Q 244.748 22.973 244.644 25.799 A 1063.812 1063.812 0 0 1 244.629 26.196 A 7041.28 7041.28 0 0 0 244.595 27.119 Q 244.482 30.139 244.482 30.225 A 4.201 4.201 0 0 0 244.503 30.657 Q 244.549 31.1 244.697 31.372 A 1.002 1.002 0 0 0 244.775 31.494 A 0.842 0.842 0 0 0 244.987 31.682 Q 245.429 31.973 246.558 32.251 A 31.823 31.823 0 0 0 247.161 32.394 Q 247.976 32.577 248.379 32.61 A 1.947 1.947 0 0 0 248.535 32.617 A 0.117 0.117 0 0 1 248.634 32.683 Q 248.707 32.799 248.725 33.123 A 4.211 4.211 0 0 1 248.73 33.35 Q 248.73 33.713 248.646 33.992 A 1.577 1.577 0 0 1 248.633 34.033 Q 244.462 33.825 243.284 33.794 A 12.971 12.971 0 0 0 242.969 33.789 A 6.174 6.174 0 0 0 242.858 33.793 Q 242.272 33.816 238.624 33.974 A 12197.103 12197.103 0 0 0 237.256 34.033 A 0.766 0.766 0 0 1 237.073 33.728 Q 237.012 33.545 237.012 33.301 Q 237.012 32.783 237.152 32.657 A 0.151 0.151 0 0 1 237.256 32.617 A 4.32 4.32 0 0 0 237.693 32.592 Q 238.317 32.528 239.282 32.3 Q 240.625 31.982 241.064 31.543 A 2.059 2.059 0 0 0 241.412 30.948 Q 241.87 29.822 241.943 27.295 Q 242.041 22.217 242.163 17.285 A 1463.414 1463.414 0 0 1 242.223 14.952 Q 242.31 11.652 242.383 9.546 A 470.387 470.387 0 0 0 242.416 8.564 Q 242.478 6.665 242.48 6.006 A 14.021 14.021 0 0 0 242.48 5.957 A 12.575 12.575 0 0 0 242.461 5.242 Q 242.42 4.519 242.289 4.02 A 3.683 3.683 0 0 0 242.285 4.004 A 0.448 0.448 0 0 0 242.13 3.816 Q 241.851 3.601 241.114 3.41 A 10.738 10.738 0 0 0 240.625 3.296 Q 239.484 3.057 238.814 2.998 A 4.471 4.471 0 0 0 238.428 2.979 A 0.121 0.121 0 0 1 238.325 2.912 Q 238.254 2.8 238.238 2.501 A 3.699 3.699 0 0 1 238.232 2.295 Q 238.232 1.758 238.428 1.563 A 160.01 160.01 0 0 0 239.301 1.611 A 211.61 211.61 0 0 0 240.259 1.66 A 211.61 211.61 0 0 1 241.217 1.709 A 160.01 160.01 0 0 1 242.09 1.758 A 27.369 27.369 0 0 0 242.957 1.794 A 34.829 34.829 0 0 0 243.896 1.807 Q 245.703 1.807 248.389 1.563 A 14.04 14.04 0 0 0 248.615 2.19 Q 249.896 5.603 258.057 26.025 Q 258.102 26.116 258.232 26.123 A 0.41 0.41 0 0 0 258.252 26.123 A 0.292 0.292 0 0 0 258.35 26.108 Q 258.461 26.068 258.496 25.928 Q 262.777 15.882 265.494 9.001 A 345.248 345.248 0 0 0 266.113 7.422 L 268.066 1.563 A 265.938 265.938 0 0 0 269.328 1.639 Q 270.91 1.73 271.706 1.751 A 15.76 15.76 0 0 0 272.119 1.758 A 80.863 80.863 0 0 0 275 1.709 A 58.868 58.868 0 0 0 277.588 1.562 Q 277.734 2.002 277.734 2.295 Q 277.734 2.813 277.594 2.938 A 0.151 0.151 0 0 1 277.49 2.979 Z M 115.527 30.273 L 115.479 26.27 L 115.479 25.928 Q 115.479 23.085 115.165 21.966 A 2.757 2.757 0 0 0 115.088 21.729 A 0.661 0.661 0 0 0 114.879 21.466 Q 114.533 21.187 113.688 20.989 A 8.503 8.503 0 0 0 113.501 20.947 A 20.288 20.288 0 0 0 112.729 20.799 Q 112.001 20.675 111.494 20.657 A 4.686 4.686 0 0 0 111.328 20.654 Q 111.156 20.654 111.136 20.182 A 3.168 3.168 0 0 1 111.133 20.044 Q 111.133 19.434 111.328 19.238 A 11306.308 11306.308 0 0 0 112.795 19.296 Q 117.596 19.482 117.725 19.482 A 6.073 6.073 0 0 0 117.892 19.479 Q 118.672 19.454 122.462 19.265 A 2268.898 2268.898 0 0 0 122.998 19.238 Q 123.09 19.513 123.095 19.873 A 3.052 3.052 0 0 1 123.096 19.922 A 4.3 4.3 0 0 1 123.091 20.133 Q 123.067 20.624 122.919 20.653 A 0.098 0.098 0 0 1 122.9 20.654 A 1.136 1.136 0 0 0 122.738 20.669 Q 122.466 20.71 121.926 20.863 A 22.791 22.791 0 0 0 121.558 20.972 A 18.205 18.205 0 0 0 121.071 21.126 Q 120.398 21.35 120.068 21.533 Q 119.58 21.875 119.58 24.805 A 32.454 32.454 0 0 0 119.598 25.873 A 41.006 41.006 0 0 0 119.653 27.026 Q 119.727 28.223 119.727 28.32 A 4.448 4.448 0 0 0 120.068 30.029 A 22.49 22.49 0 0 1 120.185 30.317 Q 120.41 30.887 120.41 31.006 Q 120.41 31.341 119.513 31.747 A 7.826 7.826 0 0 1 119.189 31.885 A 0.732 0.732 0 0 1 119.153 31.901 Q 118.996 31.969 118.331 32.216 A 130.96 130.96 0 0 1 118.237 32.251 A 198.986 198.986 0 0 0 117.893 32.379 Q 117.461 32.54 117.249 32.623 A 11.138 11.138 0 0 0 117.139 32.666 A 4.047 4.047 0 0 1 117.003 32.717 Q 116.708 32.822 116.04 33.032 Q 115.186 33.301 114.673 33.398 Q 114.28 33.473 113.63 33.605 A 217.028 217.028 0 0 0 113.208 33.691 A 16.822 16.822 0 0 1 112.056 33.888 A 13.937 13.937 0 0 1 111.401 33.96 Q 110.547 34.033 109.399 34.106 A 36.531 36.531 0 0 1 107.648 34.175 A 42.349 42.349 0 0 1 106.982 34.18 A 14.535 14.535 0 0 1 96.314 29.744 A 18.088 18.088 0 0 1 96.021 29.443 A 15.781 15.781 0 0 1 91.504 18.164 A 16.788 16.788 0 0 1 96.143 6.274 A 15.325 15.325 0 0 1 102.205 2.201 A 15.673 15.673 0 0 1 107.52 1.318 A 17.438 17.438 0 0 1 109.543 1.456 Q 112.936 1.859 118.824 3.443 A 153.362 153.362 0 0 1 119.092 3.516 A 3033.104 3033.104 0 0 1 119.138 4.828 Q 119.277 8.866 119.286 9.499 A 5.204 5.204 0 0 1 119.287 9.57 A 0.727 0.727 0 0 1 119.207 9.923 Q 119 10.303 118.262 10.303 A 1.519 1.519 0 0 1 118.052 10.289 Q 117.803 10.254 117.681 10.129 A 0.386 0.386 0 0 1 117.627 10.059 Q 116.388 3.773 108.683 3.394 A 20.678 20.678 0 0 0 107.666 3.369 Q 102.783 3.369 99.512 7.52 A 15.201 15.201 0 0 0 96.324 15.696 A 19.622 19.622 0 0 0 96.24 17.529 A 15.65 15.65 0 0 0 99.381 26.923 A 19.634 19.634 0 0 0 99.829 27.515 A 12.699 12.699 0 0 0 102.98 30.428 A 10.685 10.685 0 0 0 108.838 32.08 A 27.39 27.39 0 0 0 111.07 31.996 Q 113.238 31.818 114.621 31.264 A 6.099 6.099 0 0 0 115.186 31.006 A 0.499 0.499 0 0 0 115.452 30.728 Q 115.527 30.549 115.527 30.273 Z M 52.637 22.07 L 52.637 27.344 A 32.125 32.125 0 0 0 52.671 28.884 Q 52.743 30.367 52.962 31.367 A 7.717 7.717 0 0 0 53.027 31.641 Q 53.125 31.982 54.297 32.3 A 18.238 18.238 0 0 0 54.832 32.437 Q 55.563 32.611 55.931 32.617 A 1.585 1.585 0 0 0 55.957 32.617 A 0.093 0.093 0 0 1 56.031 32.662 Q 56.116 32.778 56.151 33.19 A 4.639 4.639 0 0 1 56.152 33.203 A 5.242 5.242 0 0 1 56.162 33.344 Q 56.189 33.82 56.104 34.033 A 2336.966 2336.966 0 0 0 54.954 33.976 Q 51.72 33.816 51.036 33.793 A 5.608 5.608 0 0 0 50.879 33.789 A 4.483 4.483 0 0 0 50.767 33.793 Q 50.206 33.816 46.944 33.975 A 5724.988 5724.988 0 0 0 45.752 34.033 Q 45.598 33.879 45.565 33.467 A 3.053 3.053 0 0 1 45.557 33.228 A 2.912 2.912 0 0 1 45.562 33.036 Q 45.581 32.752 45.662 32.66 A 0.117 0.117 0 0 1 45.752 32.617 A 3.037 3.037 0 0 0 46.141 32.589 Q 46.555 32.535 47.122 32.377 A 12.872 12.872 0 0 0 47.388 32.3 A 6.32 6.32 0 0 0 47.748 32.18 Q 48.306 31.974 48.473 31.757 A 0.348 0.348 0 0 0 48.535 31.641 A 11.072 11.072 0 0 0 48.756 30.393 Q 48.877 29.411 48.877 28.223 L 48.877 23.047 A 25.497 25.497 0 0 0 48.809 21.103 Q 48.664 19.226 48.216 18.069 A 3.909 3.909 0 0 0 47.632 17.017 A 3.932 3.932 0 0 0 45.616 15.713 Q 44.81 15.479 43.799 15.479 Q 42.334 15.479 40.894 16.626 A 7.777 7.777 0 0 0 40.332 17.115 Q 39.762 17.667 39.562 18.15 A 1.309 1.309 0 0 0 39.453 18.652 L 39.453 27.295 A 33.11 33.11 0 0 0 39.488 28.86 Q 39.557 30.328 39.768 31.319 A 7.735 7.735 0 0 0 39.844 31.641 Q 39.941 31.982 41.113 32.3 A 18.238 18.238 0 0 0 41.649 32.437 Q 42.379 32.611 42.748 32.617 A 1.585 1.585 0 0 0 42.773 32.617 A 0.093 0.093 0 0 1 42.847 32.662 Q 42.932 32.778 42.968 33.19 A 4.639 4.639 0 0 1 42.969 33.203 A 5.242 5.242 0 0 1 42.979 33.344 Q 43.005 33.82 42.92 34.033 A 2336.966 2336.966 0 0 0 41.77 33.976 Q 38.536 33.816 37.853 33.793 A 5.608 5.608 0 0 0 37.695 33.789 A 5.357 5.357 0 0 0 37.548 33.793 Q 36.774 33.82 32.373 34.033 Q 32.219 33.879 32.186 33.467 A 3.053 3.053 0 0 1 32.178 33.228 A 2.912 2.912 0 0 1 32.184 33.036 Q 32.202 32.752 32.283 32.66 A 0.117 0.117 0 0 1 32.373 32.617 A 3.173 3.173 0 0 0 32.747 32.592 Q 33.151 32.544 33.721 32.401 A 15.746 15.746 0 0 0 34.106 32.3 A 7.291 7.291 0 0 0 34.5 32.18 Q 35.087 31.981 35.274 31.773 A 0.341 0.341 0 0 0 35.352 31.641 Q 35.645 30.427 35.686 28.818 A 21.036 21.036 0 0 0 35.693 28.271 L 35.693 7.08 A 16.735 16.735 0 0 0 35.555 4.89 A 14.32 14.32 0 0 0 35.4 3.955 A 0.762 0.762 0 0 0 35.039 3.535 Q 34.504 3.214 33.24 3.178 A 11.647 11.647 0 0 0 32.91 3.174 L 32.471 3.174 A 0.241 0.241 0 0 1 32.241 3.02 Q 32.188 2.908 32.179 2.713 A 1.761 1.761 0 0 1 32.178 2.637 Q 32.178 2.034 32.352 1.896 A 0.186 0.186 0 0 1 32.471 1.855 A 32.023 32.023 0 0 0 34.133 1.647 A 25.602 25.602 0 0 0 35.181 1.465 A 25.452 25.452 0 0 0 35.906 1.312 Q 36.569 1.162 37.028 1.012 A 6.89 6.89 0 0 0 37.134 0.977 A 19.551 19.551 0 0 0 37.634 0.797 Q 37.878 0.705 38.089 0.617 A 9.664 9.664 0 0 0 38.33 0.513 Q 38.818 0.293 39.014 0.146 L 39.258 0 L 39.355 0 Q 39.551 0 39.746 0.269 A 1.758 1.758 0 0 1 39.876 0.475 Q 39.96 0.632 39.99 0.781 A 8.23 8.23 0 0 0 39.684 1.988 Q 39.457 3.247 39.453 4.974 A 26.718 26.718 0 0 0 39.453 5.029 L 39.453 15.723 A 0.587 0.587 0 0 0 39.456 15.788 Q 39.471 15.918 39.551 15.918 A 0.077 0.077 0 0 0 39.58 15.911 Q 39.621 15.894 39.684 15.834 A 1.017 1.017 0 0 0 39.697 15.82 Q 40.532 14.909 41.913 14.057 A 17.515 17.515 0 0 1 42.749 13.574 Q 44.655 12.539 46.402 12.501 A 6.11 6.11 0 0 1 46.533 12.5 A 7.132 7.132 0 0 1 48.355 12.718 A 4.589 4.589 0 0 1 51.221 14.844 A 7.849 7.849 0 0 1 51.998 16.655 Q 52.547 18.49 52.624 21.17 A 31.259 31.259 0 0 1 52.637 22.07 Z M 29.102 1.123 L 30.029 8.105 A 0.969 0.969 0 0 1 29.704 8.314 Q 29.409 8.434 28.959 8.446 A 3.815 3.815 0 0 1 28.857 8.447 A 1.197 1.197 0 0 1 28.695 8.437 Q 28.408 8.398 28.369 8.203 A 16.112 16.112 0 0 0 28.019 6.992 Q 27.631 5.833 27.159 5.178 A 2.619 2.619 0 0 0 26.685 4.663 A 2.668 2.668 0 0 0 25.933 4.256 Q 25.152 3.967 23.908 3.887 A 15.891 15.891 0 0 0 22.9 3.857 A 56.367 56.367 0 0 0 21.268 3.879 Q 17.691 3.983 17.529 4.59 A 8.635 8.635 0 0 0 17.317 5.608 Q 17.145 6.725 17.103 8.362 A 43.487 43.487 0 0 0 17.09 9.473 L 17.09 27.1 Q 17.09 29.9 17.52 31.603 A 8.91 8.91 0 0 0 17.529 31.641 A 0.365 0.365 0 0 0 17.651 31.81 Q 17.876 32.003 18.489 32.188 A 8.784 8.784 0 0 0 18.896 32.3 Q 20.166 32.617 20.654 32.617 A 0.117 0.117 0 0 1 20.754 32.683 Q 20.826 32.799 20.844 33.123 A 4.211 4.211 0 0 1 20.85 33.35 Q 20.85 33.713 20.765 33.992 A 1.577 1.577 0 0 1 20.752 34.033 Q 16.581 33.825 15.403 33.794 A 12.971 12.971 0 0 0 15.088 33.789 A 5.998 5.998 0 0 0 14.943 33.793 Q 14.259 33.816 10.574 33.975 A 4931.609 4931.609 0 0 0 9.229 34.033 A 0.521 0.521 0 0 1 9.119 33.863 Q 9.052 33.703 9.037 33.452 A 2.559 2.559 0 0 1 9.033 33.301 A 3.651 3.651 0 0 1 9.039 33.086 Q 9.057 32.777 9.134 32.672 A 0.115 0.115 0 0 1 9.229 32.617 A 4.031 4.031 0 0 0 9.634 32.594 Q 10.213 32.535 11.108 32.324 A 7.426 7.426 0 0 0 11.537 32.211 Q 12.381 31.958 12.5 31.641 Q 12.842 30.322 12.842 27.295 L 12.842 9.619 A 64.585 64.585 0 0 0 12.826 8.148 Q 12.761 5.3 12.421 4.624 A 0.851 0.851 0 0 0 12.402 4.59 A 0.716 0.716 0 0 0 12.038 4.313 Q 10.982 3.857 7.129 3.857 A 15.107 15.107 0 0 0 5.885 3.905 Q 4.674 4.005 3.935 4.32 A 2.496 2.496 0 0 0 3.345 4.663 A 2.766 2.766 0 0 0 2.793 5.29 Q 2.146 6.259 1.66 8.203 A 0.256 0.256 0 0 1 1.507 8.39 Q 1.398 8.441 1.215 8.447 A 1.478 1.478 0 0 1 1.172 8.447 A 3.174 3.174 0 0 1 0.765 8.423 Q 0.251 8.356 0 8.105 L 0.928 1.123 A 26.715 26.715 0 0 0 2.122 1.395 Q 3.248 1.622 4.039 1.655 A 6.22 6.22 0 0 0 4.297 1.66 A 93.739 93.739 0 0 1 5.318 1.666 Q 6.466 1.679 8.011 1.717 A 351.796 351.796 0 0 1 9.497 1.758 Q 12.489 1.845 14.524 1.854 A 103.075 103.075 0 0 0 14.99 1.855 A 116.013 116.013 0 0 0 16.141 1.849 Q 17.722 1.834 19.811 1.777 A 344.38 344.38 0 0 0 20.508 1.758 Q 23.087 1.683 24.78 1.666 A 92.553 92.553 0 0 1 25.732 1.66 A 7.733 7.733 0 0 0 26.562 1.61 Q 27.404 1.519 28.535 1.259 A 30.085 30.085 0 0 0 29.102 1.123 Z M 159.277 22.852 L 159.277 27.295 A 33.11 33.11 0 0 0 159.312 28.86 Q 159.382 30.328 159.593 31.319 A 7.735 7.735 0 0 0 159.668 31.641 Q 159.766 31.982 160.938 32.3 A 18.238 18.238 0 0 0 161.473 32.437 Q 162.204 32.611 162.572 32.617 A 1.585 1.585 0 0 0 162.598 32.617 A 0.093 0.093 0 0 1 162.671 32.662 Q 162.756 32.778 162.792 33.19 A 4.639 4.639 0 0 1 162.793 33.203 A 5.242 5.242 0 0 1 162.803 33.344 Q 162.83 33.82 162.744 34.033 A 2336.966 2336.966 0 0 0 161.594 33.976 Q 158.361 33.816 157.677 33.793 A 5.608 5.608 0 0 0 157.52 33.789 A 4.809 4.809 0 0 0 157.418 33.793 Q 156.886 33.816 153.618 33.974 A 8773.837 8773.837 0 0 0 152.393 34.033 Q 152.239 33.879 152.206 33.467 A 3.053 3.053 0 0 1 152.197 33.228 A 2.912 2.912 0 0 1 152.203 33.036 Q 152.222 32.752 152.302 32.66 A 0.117 0.117 0 0 1 152.393 32.617 A 3.037 3.037 0 0 0 152.781 32.589 Q 153.196 32.535 153.762 32.377 A 12.872 12.872 0 0 0 154.028 32.3 A 6.32 6.32 0 0 0 154.389 32.18 Q 154.947 31.974 155.114 31.757 A 0.348 0.348 0 0 0 155.176 31.641 A 11.072 11.072 0 0 0 155.397 30.393 Q 155.518 29.411 155.518 28.223 L 155.518 23.34 A 27.7 27.7 0 0 0 155.449 21.309 Q 155.234 18.397 154.346 17.139 A 3.72 3.72 0 0 0 152.243 15.693 Q 151.485 15.479 150.537 15.479 A 4.404 4.404 0 0 0 148.4 16.046 A 6.044 6.044 0 0 0 147.534 16.626 Q 146.094 17.773 146.094 18.701 L 146.094 27.295 A 33.11 33.11 0 0 0 146.128 28.86 Q 146.198 30.328 146.409 31.319 A 7.735 7.735 0 0 0 146.484 31.641 Q 146.582 31.982 147.754 32.3 A 18.238 18.238 0 0 0 148.289 32.437 Q 149.02 32.611 149.388 32.617 A 1.585 1.585 0 0 0 149.414 32.617 A 0.093 0.093 0 0 1 149.488 32.662 Q 149.573 32.778 149.608 33.19 A 4.639 4.639 0 0 1 149.609 33.203 A 5.242 5.242 0 0 1 149.619 33.344 Q 149.646 33.82 149.561 34.033 A 2336.966 2336.966 0 0 0 148.411 33.976 Q 145.177 33.816 144.493 33.793 A 5.608 5.608 0 0 0 144.336 33.789 A 5.357 5.357 0 0 0 144.189 33.793 Q 143.414 33.82 139.014 34.033 Q 138.86 33.879 138.827 33.467 A 3.053 3.053 0 0 1 138.818 33.228 A 2.912 2.912 0 0 1 138.824 33.036 Q 138.843 32.752 138.924 32.66 A 0.117 0.117 0 0 1 139.014 32.617 A 3.173 3.173 0 0 0 139.388 32.592 Q 139.792 32.544 140.362 32.401 A 15.746 15.746 0 0 0 140.747 32.3 A 7.291 7.291 0 0 0 141.14 32.18 Q 141.728 31.981 141.914 31.773 A 0.341 0.341 0 0 0 141.992 31.641 A 11.072 11.072 0 0 0 142.213 30.393 Q 142.334 29.411 142.334 28.223 L 142.334 18.994 A 8.367 8.367 0 0 0 142.291 18.115 Q 142.197 17.229 141.896 16.697 A 1.778 1.778 0 0 0 141.65 16.357 Q 141.162 15.771 140.454 15.552 Q 139.75 15.333 139.287 15.332 A 1.95 1.95 0 0 0 139.282 15.332 A 3.448 3.448 0 0 1 139.149 15.33 Q 138.818 15.317 138.818 15.234 Q 138.818 14.079 139.103 14.015 A 0.152 0.152 0 0 1 139.111 14.014 A 173.152 173.152 0 0 0 141.203 13.686 Q 144.629 13.126 145.85 12.744 Q 145.887 12.744 145.955 12.729 A 1.423 1.423 0 0 0 145.996 12.72 L 146.094 12.695 A 0.171 0.171 0 0 1 146.236 12.774 Q 146.31 12.876 146.338 13.11 A 4.178 4.178 0 0 1 146.353 13.258 Q 146.378 13.562 146.338 13.721 Q 146.143 15.088 146.143 15.674 A 0.587 0.587 0 0 0 146.146 15.739 Q 146.161 15.869 146.24 15.869 A 0.077 0.077 0 0 0 146.269 15.862 Q 146.31 15.845 146.373 15.785 A 1.017 1.017 0 0 0 146.387 15.771 A 9.614 9.614 0 0 1 147.524 14.769 Q 148.12 14.317 148.848 13.885 A 18.252 18.252 0 0 1 149.438 13.55 Q 151.367 12.5 153.125 12.5 A 7.446 7.446 0 0 1 154.93 12.704 A 4.516 4.516 0 0 1 157.91 14.941 Q 159.277 17.383 159.277 22.852 Z M 185.791 22.852 L 185.791 27.295 A 33.11 33.11 0 0 0 185.825 28.86 Q 185.895 30.328 186.106 31.319 A 7.735 7.735 0 0 0 186.182 31.641 Q 186.279 31.982 187.451 32.3 A 18.238 18.238 0 0 0 187.987 32.437 Q 188.717 32.611 189.086 32.617 A 1.585 1.585 0 0 0 189.111 32.617 A 0.093 0.093 0 0 1 189.185 32.662 Q 189.27 32.778 189.306 33.19 A 4.639 4.639 0 0 1 189.307 33.203 A 5.242 5.242 0 0 1 189.317 33.344 Q 189.343 33.82 189.258 34.033 A 2336.966 2336.966 0 0 0 188.108 33.976 Q 184.874 33.816 184.191 33.793 A 5.608 5.608 0 0 0 184.033 33.789 A 4.809 4.809 0 0 0 183.932 33.793 Q 183.4 33.816 180.132 33.974 A 8773.837 8773.837 0 0 0 178.906 34.033 Q 178.752 33.879 178.72 33.467 A 3.053 3.053 0 0 1 178.711 33.228 A 2.912 2.912 0 0 1 178.717 33.036 Q 178.736 32.752 178.816 32.66 A 0.117 0.117 0 0 1 178.906 32.617 A 3.037 3.037 0 0 0 179.295 32.589 Q 179.709 32.535 180.276 32.377 A 12.872 12.872 0 0 0 180.542 32.3 A 6.32 6.32 0 0 0 180.902 32.18 Q 181.46 31.974 181.628 31.757 A 0.348 0.348 0 0 0 181.689 31.641 A 11.072 11.072 0 0 0 181.911 30.393 Q 182.031 29.411 182.031 28.223 L 182.031 23.34 A 27.7 27.7 0 0 0 181.963 21.309 Q 181.747 18.397 180.859 17.139 A 3.72 3.72 0 0 0 178.757 15.693 Q 177.998 15.479 177.051 15.479 A 4.404 4.404 0 0 0 174.914 16.046 A 6.044 6.044 0 0 0 174.048 16.626 Q 172.607 17.773 172.607 18.701 L 172.607 27.295 A 33.11 33.11 0 0 0 172.642 28.86 Q 172.712 30.328 172.923 31.319 A 7.735 7.735 0 0 0 172.998 31.641 Q 173.096 31.982 174.268 32.3 A 18.238 18.238 0 0 0 174.803 32.437 Q 175.534 32.611 175.902 32.617 A 1.585 1.585 0 0 0 175.928 32.617 A 0.093 0.093 0 0 1 176.001 32.662 Q 176.086 32.778 176.122 33.19 A 4.639 4.639 0 0 1 176.123 33.203 A 5.242 5.242 0 0 1 176.133 33.344 Q 176.16 33.82 176.074 34.033 A 2336.966 2336.966 0 0 0 174.924 33.976 Q 171.691 33.816 171.007 33.793 A 5.608 5.608 0 0 0 170.85 33.789 A 5.357 5.357 0 0 0 170.702 33.793 Q 169.928 33.82 165.527 34.033 Q 165.373 33.879 165.341 33.467 A 3.053 3.053 0 0 1 165.332 33.228 A 2.912 2.912 0 0 1 165.338 33.036 Q 165.357 32.752 165.437 32.66 A 0.117 0.117 0 0 1 165.527 32.617 A 3.173 3.173 0 0 0 165.901 32.592 Q 166.305 32.544 166.875 32.401 A 15.746 15.746 0 0 0 167.261 32.3 A 7.291 7.291 0 0 0 167.654 32.18 Q 168.241 31.981 168.428 31.773 A 0.341 0.341 0 0 0 168.506 31.641 A 11.072 11.072 0 0 0 168.727 30.393 Q 168.848 29.411 168.848 28.223 L 168.848 18.994 A 8.367 8.367 0 0 0 168.805 18.115 Q 168.711 17.229 168.41 16.697 A 1.778 1.778 0 0 0 168.164 16.357 Q 167.676 15.771 166.968 15.552 Q 166.264 15.333 165.801 15.332 A 1.95 1.95 0 0 0 165.796 15.332 A 3.448 3.448 0 0 1 165.662 15.33 Q 165.332 15.317 165.332 15.234 Q 165.332 14.079 165.617 14.015 A 0.152 0.152 0 0 1 165.625 14.014 A 173.152 173.152 0 0 0 167.717 13.686 Q 171.143 13.126 172.363 12.744 Q 172.401 12.744 172.468 12.729 A 1.423 1.423 0 0 0 172.51 12.72 L 172.607 12.695 A 0.171 0.171 0 0 1 172.75 12.774 Q 172.824 12.876 172.852 13.11 A 4.178 4.178 0 0 1 172.866 13.258 Q 172.891 13.562 172.852 13.721 Q 172.656 15.088 172.656 15.674 A 0.587 0.587 0 0 0 172.66 15.739 Q 172.674 15.869 172.754 15.869 A 0.077 0.077 0 0 0 172.783 15.862 Q 172.824 15.845 172.887 15.785 A 1.017 1.017 0 0 0 172.9 15.771 A 9.614 9.614 0 0 1 174.037 14.769 Q 174.634 14.317 175.362 13.885 A 18.252 18.252 0 0 1 175.952 13.55 Q 177.881 12.5 179.639 12.5 A 7.446 7.446 0 0 1 181.443 12.704 A 4.516 4.516 0 0 1 184.424 14.941 Q 185.791 17.383 185.791 22.852 Z M 296.631 18.066 L 296.631 29.346 A 3.228 3.228 0 0 0 296.725 30.143 A 2.424 2.424 0 0 0 297.168 31.055 A 1.728 1.728 0 0 0 298.434 31.73 A 2.354 2.354 0 0 0 298.633 31.738 A 1.796 1.796 0 0 0 299.118 31.665 Q 299.575 31.536 300.145 31.181 A 7.398 7.398 0 0 0 300.342 31.055 A 0.156 0.156 0 0 1 300.488 31.151 Q 300.526 31.227 300.535 31.363 A 1.315 1.315 0 0 1 300.537 31.445 Q 300.537 32.08 300.293 32.471 Q 298.291 34.18 296.875 34.18 A 2.827 2.827 0 0 1 295.476 33.799 A 4.14 4.14 0 0 1 294.727 33.252 Q 293.766 32.383 293.362 31.428 A 3.882 3.882 0 0 1 293.311 31.299 A 0.063 0.063 0 0 0 293.283 31.31 Q 293.202 31.358 292.944 31.616 A 6.042 6.042 0 0 1 292.688 31.857 Q 292.561 31.97 292.411 32.093 A 13.613 13.613 0 0 1 292.09 32.349 Q 291.553 32.764 290.845 33.203 A 6.309 6.309 0 0 1 289.971 33.651 A 8.276 8.276 0 0 1 289.185 33.936 Q 288.232 34.229 287.256 34.229 Q 285.01 34.229 283.545 33.032 A 3.825 3.825 0 0 1 282.253 30.947 Q 282.08 30.266 282.08 29.443 A 4.061 4.061 0 0 1 282.617 27.417 A 6.113 6.113 0 0 1 283.283 26.454 A 4.981 4.981 0 0 1 283.887 25.854 Q 284.619 25.244 285.889 24.609 A 27.785 27.785 0 0 1 286.772 24.186 Q 287.49 23.858 288.062 23.657 A 91.755 91.755 0 0 1 288.548 23.488 Q 289.331 23.218 290.43 22.852 Q 291.895 22.363 292.48 22.119 Q 292.894 21.981 292.918 21.455 A 1.462 1.462 0 0 0 292.92 21.387 L 292.92 17.725 A 4.011 4.011 0 0 0 292.805 16.734 A 2.746 2.746 0 0 0 291.943 15.308 Q 290.967 14.453 289.6 14.453 A 3.523 3.523 0 0 0 288.295 14.688 A 3.241 3.241 0 0 0 287.158 15.454 A 3.387 3.387 0 0 0 286.23 17.379 A 4.712 4.712 0 0 0 286.182 18.066 A 2.069 2.069 0 0 1 286.064 18.794 Q 285.697 19.775 284.18 19.775 A 3.138 3.138 0 0 1 283.476 19.702 Q 282.661 19.514 282.275 18.848 A 3.29 3.29 0 0 1 282.783 17.146 Q 283.425 16.072 284.879 15.005 A 14.565 14.565 0 0 1 285.352 14.673 A 12.939 12.939 0 0 1 288.159 13.218 A 10.006 10.006 0 0 1 291.602 12.598 A 8.776 8.776 0 0 1 292.99 12.7 Q 293.702 12.814 294.263 13.056 A 3.409 3.409 0 0 1 295.459 13.892 Q 296.631 15.186 296.631 18.066 Z M 75.537 22.559 L 63.232 22.559 A 0.935 0.935 0 0 0 63.1 22.567 Q 62.842 22.604 62.842 22.803 Q 62.842 25.879 64.697 28.467 A 5.997 5.997 0 0 0 69.1 31.002 A 8.662 8.662 0 0 0 70.068 31.055 A 9.69 9.69 0 0 0 71.641 30.931 A 8.67 8.67 0 0 0 72.021 30.859 A 11.951 11.951 0 0 0 72.756 30.682 Q 73.11 30.583 73.412 30.472 A 6.405 6.405 0 0 0 73.608 30.396 Q 74.139 30.179 74.543 29.963 A 6.433 6.433 0 0 0 74.731 29.858 Q 75.13 29.628 75.439 29.415 A 7.309 7.309 0 0 0 75.537 29.346 L 75.879 29.102 A 0.226 0.226 0 0 1 76.086 29.234 Q 76.147 29.347 76.165 29.556 A 2.166 2.166 0 0 1 76.172 29.736 A 1.261 1.261 0 0 1 76.12 30.083 Q 76.076 30.235 75.996 30.4 A 2.804 2.804 0 0 1 75.879 30.615 Q 75.001 31.845 73.372 32.857 A 13.26 13.26 0 0 1 72.998 33.081 Q 71.094 34.18 68.848 34.18 Q 64.795 34.18 61.89 31.128 A 10.397 10.397 0 0 1 58.984 23.682 Q 58.984 19.178 61.113 16.332 A 9.381 9.381 0 0 1 61.743 15.576 Q 64.502 12.598 68.652 12.598 A 10.035 10.035 0 0 1 70.702 12.798 A 7.797 7.797 0 0 1 72.607 13.452 A 7.711 7.711 0 0 1 74.033 14.361 A 5.922 5.922 0 0 1 75.22 15.649 Q 76.123 16.992 76.538 18.384 A 9.695 9.695 0 0 1 76.949 20.875 A 9.035 9.035 0 0 1 76.953 21.143 A 5.042 5.042 0 0 1 76.94 21.521 Q 76.897 22.092 76.711 22.293 A 0.377 0.377 0 0 1 76.66 22.339 A 0.78 0.78 0 0 1 76.453 22.445 Q 76.238 22.521 75.899 22.546 A 4.945 4.945 0 0 1 75.537 22.559 Z M 221.924 22.559 L 209.619 22.559 A 0.935 0.935 0 0 0 209.486 22.567 Q 209.229 22.604 209.229 22.803 Q 209.229 25.879 211.084 28.467 A 5.997 5.997 0 0 0 215.486 31.002 A 8.662 8.662 0 0 0 216.455 31.055 A 9.69 9.69 0 0 0 218.027 30.931 A 8.67 8.67 0 0 0 218.408 30.859 A 11.951 11.951 0 0 0 219.143 30.682 Q 219.496 30.583 219.799 30.472 A 6.405 6.405 0 0 0 219.995 30.396 Q 220.526 30.179 220.93 29.963 A 6.433 6.433 0 0 0 221.118 29.858 Q 221.517 29.628 221.825 29.415 A 7.309 7.309 0 0 0 221.924 29.346 L 222.266 29.102 A 0.226 0.226 0 0 1 222.472 29.234 Q 222.534 29.347 222.552 29.556 A 2.166 2.166 0 0 1 222.559 29.736 A 1.261 1.261 0 0 1 222.506 30.083 Q 222.463 30.235 222.383 30.4 A 2.804 2.804 0 0 1 222.266 30.615 Q 221.387 31.845 219.759 32.857 A 13.26 13.26 0 0 1 219.385 33.081 Q 217.48 34.18 215.234 34.18 Q 211.182 34.18 208.276 31.128 A 10.397 10.397 0 0 1 205.371 23.682 Q 205.371 19.178 207.5 16.332 A 9.381 9.381 0 0 1 208.13 15.576 Q 210.889 12.598 215.039 12.598 A 10.035 10.035 0 0 1 217.089 12.798 A 7.797 7.797 0 0 1 218.994 13.452 A 7.711 7.711 0 0 1 220.419 14.361 A 5.922 5.922 0 0 1 221.606 15.649 Q 222.51 16.992 222.925 18.384 A 9.695 9.695 0 0 1 223.336 20.875 A 9.035 9.035 0 0 1 223.34 21.143 A 5.042 5.042 0 0 1 223.327 21.521 Q 223.284 22.092 223.097 22.293 A 0.377 0.377 0 0 1 223.047 22.339 A 0.78 0.78 0 0 1 222.84 22.445 Q 222.625 22.521 222.285 22.546 A 4.945 4.945 0 0 1 221.924 22.559 Z M 133.105 17.236 L 133.105 27.295 A 33.11 33.11 0 0 0 133.14 28.86 Q 133.21 30.328 133.421 31.319 A 7.735 7.735 0 0 0 133.496 31.641 Q 133.594 31.982 134.766 32.3 A 18.238 18.238 0 0 0 135.301 32.437 Q 136.032 32.611 136.4 32.617 A 1.585 1.585 0 0 0 136.426 32.617 A 0.093 0.093 0 0 1 136.5 32.662 Q 136.584 32.778 136.62 33.19 A 4.639 4.639 0 0 1 136.621 33.203 A 5.242 5.242 0 0 1 136.631 33.344 Q 136.658 33.82 136.572 34.033 A 2336.966 2336.966 0 0 0 135.423 33.976 Q 132.189 33.816 131.505 33.793 A 5.608 5.608 0 0 0 131.348 33.789 A 5.728 5.728 0 0 0 131.19 33.793 Q 130.383 33.82 126.025 34.033 Q 125.871 33.879 125.839 33.467 A 3.053 3.053 0 0 1 125.83 33.228 A 2.912 2.912 0 0 1 125.836 33.036 Q 125.855 32.752 125.935 32.66 A 0.117 0.117 0 0 1 126.025 32.617 A 3.173 3.173 0 0 0 126.399 32.592 Q 126.804 32.544 127.373 32.401 A 15.746 15.746 0 0 0 127.759 32.3 A 7.291 7.291 0 0 0 128.152 32.18 Q 128.739 31.981 128.926 31.773 A 0.341 0.341 0 0 0 129.004 31.641 A 11.072 11.072 0 0 0 129.225 30.393 Q 129.346 29.411 129.346 28.223 L 129.346 18.994 A 8.367 8.367 0 0 0 129.303 18.115 Q 129.209 17.229 128.908 16.697 A 1.778 1.778 0 0 0 128.662 16.357 Q 128.174 15.771 127.466 15.552 Q 126.762 15.333 126.299 15.332 A 1.95 1.95 0 0 0 126.294 15.332 A 3.448 3.448 0 0 1 126.16 15.33 Q 125.83 15.317 125.83 15.234 Q 125.83 14.079 126.115 14.015 A 0.152 0.152 0 0 1 126.123 14.014 A 173.152 173.152 0 0 0 128.215 13.686 Q 131.641 13.126 132.861 12.744 L 132.959 12.695 L 133.105 12.695 A 0.171 0.171 0 0 1 133.248 12.774 Q 133.322 12.876 133.35 13.11 A 4.178 4.178 0 0 1 133.364 13.258 Q 133.389 13.562 133.35 13.721 A 34.318 34.318 0 0 0 133.174 15.466 Q 133.105 16.406 133.105 17.236 Z M 199.268 17.236 L 199.268 27.295 A 33.11 33.11 0 0 0 199.302 28.86 Q 199.372 30.328 199.583 31.319 A 7.735 7.735 0 0 0 199.658 31.641 Q 199.756 31.982 200.928 32.3 A 18.238 18.238 0 0 0 201.463 32.437 Q 202.194 32.611 202.562 32.617 A 1.585 1.585 0 0 0 202.588 32.617 A 0.093 0.093 0 0 1 202.662 32.662 Q 202.747 32.778 202.782 33.19 A 4.639 4.639 0 0 1 202.783 33.203 A 5.242 5.242 0 0 1 202.793 33.344 Q 202.82 33.82 202.734 34.033 A 2336.966 2336.966 0 0 0 201.585 33.976 Q 198.351 33.816 197.667 33.793 A 5.608 5.608 0 0 0 197.51 33.789 A 5.728 5.728 0 0 0 197.352 33.793 Q 196.545 33.82 192.188 34.033 Q 192.033 33.879 192.001 33.467 A 3.053 3.053 0 0 1 191.992 33.228 A 2.912 2.912 0 0 1 191.998 33.036 Q 192.017 32.752 192.097 32.66 A 0.117 0.117 0 0 1 192.187 32.617 A 3.173 3.173 0 0 0 192.562 32.592 Q 192.966 32.544 193.535 32.401 A 15.746 15.746 0 0 0 193.921 32.3 A 7.291 7.291 0 0 0 194.314 32.18 Q 194.902 31.981 195.088 31.773 A 0.341 0.341 0 0 0 195.166 31.641 A 11.072 11.072 0 0 0 195.387 30.393 Q 195.508 29.411 195.508 28.223 L 195.508 18.994 A 8.367 8.367 0 0 0 195.465 18.115 Q 195.371 17.229 195.07 16.697 A 1.778 1.778 0 0 0 194.824 16.357 Q 194.336 15.771 193.628 15.552 Q 192.924 15.333 192.461 15.332 A 1.95 1.95 0 0 0 192.456 15.332 A 3.448 3.448 0 0 1 192.322 15.33 Q 191.992 15.317 191.992 15.234 Q 191.992 14.079 192.277 14.015 A 0.152 0.152 0 0 1 192.285 14.014 A 173.152 173.152 0 0 0 194.377 13.686 Q 197.803 13.126 199.023 12.744 L 199.121 12.695 L 199.268 12.695 A 0.171 0.171 0 0 1 199.41 12.774 Q 199.484 12.876 199.512 13.11 A 4.178 4.178 0 0 1 199.527 13.258 Q 199.551 13.562 199.512 13.721 A 34.318 34.318 0 0 0 199.336 15.466 Q 199.268 16.406 199.268 17.236 Z M 63.232 20.508 L 72.754 20.508 Q 72.971 20.508 72.995 20.123 A 1.644 1.644 0 0 0 72.998 20.02 A 4.563 4.563 0 0 0 72.797 18.728 Q 72.483 17.665 71.68 16.431 A 5.008 5.008 0 0 0 70.669 15.277 A 3.828 3.828 0 0 0 68.164 14.404 A 4.693 4.693 0 0 0 66.331 14.749 Q 65.09 15.27 64.282 16.577 A 13.944 13.944 0 0 0 63.635 17.736 Q 62.939 19.147 62.939 20.166 A 0.581 0.581 0 0 0 62.952 20.294 Q 63.001 20.508 63.232 20.508 Z M 209.619 20.508 L 219.141 20.508 Q 219.357 20.508 219.382 20.123 A 1.644 1.644 0 0 0 219.385 20.02 A 4.563 4.563 0 0 0 219.184 18.728 Q 218.87 17.665 218.066 16.431 A 5.008 5.008 0 0 0 217.056 15.277 A 3.828 3.828 0 0 0 214.551 14.404 A 4.693 4.693 0 0 0 212.717 14.749 Q 211.477 15.27 210.669 16.577 A 13.944 13.944 0 0 0 210.022 17.736 Q 209.326 19.147 209.326 20.166 A 0.581 0.581 0 0 0 209.339 20.294 Q 209.388 20.508 209.619 20.508 Z M 292.92 29.004 L 292.92 23.975 A 3.034 3.034 0 0 1 292.734 24.058 Q 292.245 24.261 291.016 24.658 Q 289.648 25.099 288.819 25.441 A 12.955 12.955 0 0 0 288.647 25.513 Q 287.845 25.857 287.085 26.632 A 7.264 7.264 0 0 0 286.987 26.733 Q 286.182 27.588 286.182 28.711 A 3.342 3.342 0 0 0 286.28 29.545 A 2.268 2.268 0 0 0 287.012 30.737 A 2.894 2.894 0 0 0 288.339 31.367 A 4.121 4.121 0 0 0 289.16 31.445 A 4.4 4.4 0 0 0 291.257 30.903 A 5.526 5.526 0 0 0 291.699 30.64 A 4.783 4.783 0 0 0 292.219 30.248 Q 292.765 29.769 292.886 29.281 A 1.15 1.15 0 0 0 292.92 29.004 Z M 129.126 6.665 Q 128.418 5.957 128.418 4.932 A 2.446 2.446 0 0 1 128.639 3.885 A 2.408 2.408 0 0 1 129.126 3.198 Q 129.834 2.49 130.859 2.49 A 2.446 2.446 0 0 1 131.906 2.711 A 2.408 2.408 0 0 1 132.593 3.198 Q 133.301 3.906 133.301 4.932 A 2.446 2.446 0 0 1 133.08 5.978 A 2.408 2.408 0 0 1 132.593 6.665 Q 131.885 7.373 130.859 7.373 A 2.446 2.446 0 0 1 129.813 7.152 A 2.408 2.408 0 0 1 129.126 6.665 Z M 195.288 6.665 Q 194.58 5.957 194.58 4.932 A 2.446 2.446 0 0 1 194.801 3.885 A 2.408 2.408 0 0 1 195.288 3.198 Q 195.996 2.49 197.021 2.49 A 2.446 2.446 0 0 1 198.068 2.711 A 2.408 2.408 0 0 1 198.755 3.198 Q 199.463 3.906 199.463 4.932 A 2.446 2.446 0 0 1 199.242 5.978 A 2.408 2.408 0 0 1 198.755 6.665 Q 198.047 7.373 197.021 7.373 A 2.446 2.446 0 0 1 195.975 7.152 A 2.408 2.408 0 0 1 195.288 6.665 Z" vector-effect="non-scaling-stroke"/>
</svg>
</a></div>
<div class="sidebar-menu ">
<form action="/search/" id="cse-search-box"><input type="hidden" name="cx"
value="013815813102981840311:aw6l9tjs1a0"><input
type="hidden" name="cof" value="FORID:10"><input type="hidden" name="ie" value="UTF-8"><input
type="text" class="sidebar-search-box" name="q"><input type="image"
src="https://www.thecrimson.com/static/media/magnifying_glass.b9bc1a3e.svg"
alt="search"></form>
<div class="sidebar-list"><p class="sidebar-menu-title">Sections</p>
<ul>
<li class="links-top"><a href="/section/news/" to="/section/news/">News</a></li>
<li class="links-top"><a href="/section/coronavirus" to="/section/coronavirus">Coronavirus</a>
</li>
<li class="links-top"><a href="/section/opinion/" to="/section/opinion/">Opinion</a></li>
<li class="links-top"><a href="/section/arts/" to="/section/arts/">Arts</a></li>
<li class="links-top"><a href="/flyby/" to="/flyby/">Blog</a></li>
<li class="links-top"><a href="/section/fm/" to="/section/fm/">Magazine</a></li>
<li class="links-top"><a href="/section/media/" to="/section/media/">Multimedia</a></li>
<li class="links-top"><a href="/section/sports/" to="/section/sports/">Sports</a></li>
<hr>
<li class="links-bottom"><a href="/todays-paper/" to="/todays-paper/">Today's Paper</a></li>
<li class="links-bottom"><a href="/subscribe/" to="/subscribe/">Newsletter</a></li>
<li class="links-bottom"><a href="/about/privacy/" to="/about/privacy/">Privacy Policy</a></li>
<li class="links-bottom"><a href="/contact/" to="/contact/">Contact Us</a></li>
<li class="links-bottom"><a href="https://subscribe.thecrimson.com"
to="https://subscribe.thecrimson.com">Subscriptions</a></li>
</ul>
<div class="social-icons"><a href="https://twitter.com/thecrimson"
to="https://twitter.com/thecrimson"><img
src="data:image/png;base64,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"></a><a
href="https://www.facebook.com/TheHarvardCrimson/"
to="https://www.facebook.com/TheHarvardCrimson/"><img
src="data:image/png;base64,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"></a><a
href="https://www.instagram.com/theharvardcrimson/"
to="https://www.instagram.com/theharvardcrimson/"><img
src="data:image/png;base64,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"></a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="css-wq7x4n"></div>
</div>
<div class="css-bitigd-Tt">
<div class="advertisement undefined css-12m1k7q">
<div class="ad-tag">Advertisement</div>
<div class="ad-body" id="div-gpt-TheCrimson_Mobile_Leaderboard"
data-google-query-id="CPS0qtT-vukCFQtOAQodbbsKWQ">
<div id="google_ads_iframe_/1046082/TheCrimson_Mobile_Leaderboard_0__container__"
style="border: 0pt none; width: 320px; height: 100px;"></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>
</p>
<p> </p>
<h1 class="css-1yame4f">GINNIE HAPPY BIRTHDAY!</h1>
<div class="css-by23xk-Fi"><span class="css-1yecn7m-Fi">By <a>Seba Marin-Quiros</a> </span>
<span class="css-f2ir1f"><time datetime="Wed, 13 May 2020 05:00:00 GMT" title="Updated May 12, 2020 at 11:57 pm">May 20, 2020</time></span></div>
<hr class="css-63mayg-Object">
<div class="css-wm4zcm">
<div class="shortcode-large shortcode-center"><img
src="images/sebastian_marin.png"
class="css-8atqhb">
<div class="css-8pot">
such cool people!!! Who is this Simon that everyone keeps talking about?
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="css-ny9zyd-Ni">
<div class="css-gnswvu-Ni">
<div class="addthis_toolbox addthis_default_style addthis_32x32_style social-icons css-1kt3bzc"><a
class="icons addthis_button_facebook at300b" title="Facebook" href="#"><span class="at-icon-wrapper"
style="background-color: rgb(59, 89, 152); line-height: 32px; height: 32px; width: 32px;"><svg
xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" viewBox="0 0 32 32"
version="1.1" role="img" aria-labelledby="at-svg-facebook-1" title="Facebook" alt="Facebook"
style="width: 32px; height: 32px;" class="at-icon at-icon-facebook"><title id="at-svg-facebook-1">Facebook</title><g><path
d="M22 5.16c-.406-.054-1.806-.16-3.43-.16-3.4 0-5.733 1.825-5.733 5.17v2.882H9v3.913h3.837V27h4.604V16.965h3.823l.587-3.913h-4.41v-2.5c0-1.123.347-1.903 2.198-1.903H22V5.16z"
fill-rule="evenodd"></path></g></svg></span></a><a class="icons addthis_button_twitter at300b"
title="Twitter" href="#"><span
class="at-icon-wrapper"
style="background-color: rgb(29, 161, 242); line-height: 32px; height: 32px; width: 32px;"><svg
xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" viewBox="0 0 32 32"
version="1.1" role="img" aria-labelledby="at-svg-twitter-2" title="Twitter" alt="Twitter"
style="width: 32px; height: 32px;" class="at-icon at-icon-twitter"><title id="at-svg-twitter-2">Twitter</title><g><path
d="M27.996 10.116c-.81.36-1.68.602-2.592.71a4.526 4.526 0 0 0 1.984-2.496 9.037 9.037 0 0 1-2.866 1.095 4.513 4.513 0 0 0-7.69 4.116 12.81 12.81 0 0 1-9.3-4.715 4.49 4.49 0 0 0-.612 2.27 4.51 4.51 0 0 0 2.008 3.755 4.495 4.495 0 0 1-2.044-.564v.057a4.515 4.515 0 0 0 3.62 4.425 4.52 4.52 0 0 1-2.04.077 4.517 4.517 0 0 0 4.217 3.134 9.055 9.055 0 0 1-5.604 1.93A9.18 9.18 0 0 1 6 23.85a12.773 12.773 0 0 0 6.918 2.027c8.3 0 12.84-6.876 12.84-12.84 0-.195-.005-.39-.014-.583a9.172 9.172 0 0 0 2.252-2.336"
fill-rule="evenodd"></path></g></svg></span></a><a class="icons gray addthis_button_email at300b"
target="_blank" title="Email" href="#"><span
class="at-icon-wrapper"
style="background-color: rgb(132, 132, 132); line-height: 32px; height: 32px; width: 32px;"><svg
xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" viewBox="0 0 32 32"
version="1.1" role="img" aria-labelledby="at-svg-email-3" title="Email" alt="Email"
style="width: 32px; height: 32px;" class="at-icon at-icon-email"><title
id="at-svg-email-3">Email</title><g><g fill-rule="evenodd"></g><path
d="M27 22.757c0 1.24-.988 2.243-2.19 2.243H7.19C5.98 25 5 23.994 5 22.757V13.67c0-.556.39-.773.855-.496l8.78 5.238c.782.467 1.95.467 2.73 0l8.78-5.238c.472-.28.855-.063.855.495v9.087z"></path><path
d="M27 9.243C27 8.006 26.02 7 24.81 7H7.19C5.988 7 5 8.004 5 9.243v.465c0 .554.385 1.232.857 1.514l9.61 5.733c.267.16.8.16 1.067 0l9.61-5.733c.473-.283.856-.96.856-1.514v-.465z"></path></g></svg></span></a><a
class="icons gray addthis_button_print at300b" title="Print" href="#"><span class="at-icon-wrapper"
style="background-color: rgb(115, 138, 141); line-height: 32px; height: 32px; width: 32px;"><svg
xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" viewBox="0 0 32 32"
version="1.1" role="img" aria-labelledby="at-svg-print-4" title="Print" alt="Print"
style="width: 32px; height: 32px;" class="at-icon at-icon-print"><title
id="at-svg-print-4">Print</title><g><path
d="M24.67 10.62h-2.86V7.49H10.82v3.12H7.95c-.5 0-.9.4-.9.9v7.66h3.77v1.31L15 24.66h6.81v-5.44h3.77v-7.7c-.01-.5-.41-.9-.91-.9zM11.88 8.56h8.86v2.06h-8.86V8.56zm10.98 9.18h-1.05v-2.1h-1.06v7.96H16.4c-1.58 0-.82-3.74-.82-3.74s-3.65.89-3.69-.78v-3.43h-1.06v2.06H9.77v-3.58h13.09v3.61zm.75-4.91c-.4 0-.72-.32-.72-.72s.32-.72.72-.72c.4 0 .72.32.72.72s-.32.72-.72.72zm-4.12 2.96h-6.1v1.06h6.1v-1.06zm-6.11 3.15h6.1v-1.06h-6.1v1.06z"></path></g></svg></span></a><a
class="icons gray addthis_button_link at300b" target="_blank" title="Copy Link" href="#"><span
class="at-icon-wrapper"
style="background-color: rgb(23, 139, 244); line-height: 32px; height: 32px; width: 32px;"><svg
xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" viewBox="0 0 32 32"
version="1.1" role="img" aria-labelledby="at-svg-link-5" title="Copy Link" alt="Copy Link"
style="width: 32px; height: 32px;" class="at-icon at-icon-link"><title
id="at-svg-link-5">Copy Link</title><g><path
d="M23.476 20.663c0-.324-.114-.6-.34-.825l-2.524-2.524a1.124 1.124 0 0 0-.826-.34c-.34 0-.63.13-.873.388.024.024.1.1.23.225s.217.212.26.26c.046.05.106.126.183.23a.976.976 0 0 1 .2.644c0 .325-.113.6-.34.827-.226.226-.5.34-.825.34-.12 0-.23-.015-.332-.043a.976.976 0 0 1-.31-.158 2.89 2.89 0 0 1-.23-.182 7.506 7.506 0 0 1-.26-.26l-.226-.23c-.267.25-.4.545-.4.885 0 .322.113.597.34.824l2.5 2.512c.218.218.493.328.825.328.323 0 .598-.106.825-.316l1.784-1.772a1.11 1.11 0 0 0 .34-.813zm-8.532-8.556c0-.323-.113-.598-.34-.825l-2.5-2.512a1.124 1.124 0 0 0-.825-.34c-.316 0-.59.11-.826.328L8.67 10.53a1.11 1.11 0 0 0-.34.813c0 .323.113.598.34.825l2.524 2.524c.22.22.494.328.825.328.34 0 .63-.126.873-.376-.024-.025-.1-.1-.23-.225a7.506 7.506 0 0 1-.26-.262 2.89 2.89 0 0 1-.183-.23.976.976 0 0 1-.2-.644c0-.323.113-.598.34-.825.226-.227.5-.34.824-.34a.976.976 0 0 1 .643.2c.106.077.183.137.23.182.05.044.137.13.262.26s.2.207.224.23c.267-.25.4-.545.4-.885zm10.862 8.556c0 .97-.344 1.792-1.032 2.464L22.99 24.9c-.67.67-1.492 1.006-2.463 1.006-.98 0-1.805-.344-2.476-1.032l-2.5-2.512c-.67-.67-1.006-1.493-1.006-2.463 0-.997.356-1.842 1.068-2.538l-1.068-1.068c-.696.712-1.538 1.068-2.525 1.068-.97 0-1.797-.34-2.476-1.02L7.02 13.82C6.34 13.138 6 12.314 6 11.343c0-.97.344-1.792 1.032-2.464l1.784-1.773c.67-.67 1.492-1.007 2.463-1.007.978 0 1.803.344 2.475 1.032l2.5 2.512c.67.67 1.007 1.492 1.007 2.463 0 .995-.356 1.84-1.068 2.537l1.068 1.068c.696-.712 1.537-1.068 2.524-1.068.97 0 1.797.34 2.476 1.02l2.524 2.523c.68.68 1.02 1.505 1.02 2.476z"
fill-rule="evenodd"></path></g></svg></span></a><a class="icons gray addthis_button_compact at300m"
href="#"><span class="at-icon-wrapper"
style="background-color: rgb(255, 101, 80); line-height: 32px; height: 32px; width: 32px;"><svg
xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" viewBox="0 0 32 32"
version="1.1" role="img" aria-labelledby="at-svg-addthis-6" title="More" alt="More"
style="width: 32px; height: 32px;" class="at-icon at-icon-addthis"><title id="at-svg-addthis-6">AddThis</title><g><path
d="M18 14V8h-4v6H8v4h6v6h4v-6h6v-4h-6z" fill-rule="evenodd"></path></g></svg></span></a><a
class="icons addthis_counter" href="#" style="display: inline-block;"><a
class="addthis_button_expanded" target="_blank" title="More" href="#">2</a><a
class="atc_s addthis_button_compact">Share<span></span></a></a>
<div class="atclear"></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="css-1prkri1-Ni">
<div class="addthis_toolbox addthis_default_style addthis_32x32_style social-icons css-u1fend"><a
class="icons addthis_button_facebook at300b" title="Facebook" href="#"><span class="at-icon-wrapper"
style="background-color: rgb(59, 89, 152); line-height: 32px; height: 32px; width: 32px;"><svg
xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" viewBox="0 0 32 32"
version="1.1" role="img" aria-labelledby="at-svg-facebook-7" title="Facebook" alt="Facebook"
style="width: 32px; height: 32px;" class="at-icon at-icon-facebook"><title id="at-svg-facebook-7">Facebook</title><g><path
d="M22 5.16c-.406-.054-1.806-.16-3.43-.16-3.4 0-5.733 1.825-5.733 5.17v2.882H9v3.913h3.837V27h4.604V16.965h3.823l.587-3.913h-4.41v-2.5c0-1.123.347-1.903 2.198-1.903H22V5.16z"
fill-rule="evenodd"></path></g></svg></span></a><a class="icons addthis_button_twitter at300b"
title="Twitter" href="#"><span
class="at-icon-wrapper"
style="background-color: rgb(29, 161, 242); line-height: 32px; height: 32px; width: 32px;"><svg
xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" viewBox="0 0 32 32"
version="1.1" role="img" aria-labelledby="at-svg-twitter-8" title="Twitter" alt="Twitter"
style="width: 32px; height: 32px;" class="at-icon at-icon-twitter"><title id="at-svg-twitter-8">Twitter</title><g><path
d="M27.996 10.116c-.81.36-1.68.602-2.592.71a4.526 4.526 0 0 0 1.984-2.496 9.037 9.037 0 0 1-2.866 1.095 4.513 4.513 0 0 0-7.69 4.116 12.81 12.81 0 0 1-9.3-4.715 4.49 4.49 0 0 0-.612 2.27 4.51 4.51 0 0 0 2.008 3.755 4.495 4.495 0 0 1-2.044-.564v.057a4.515 4.515 0 0 0 3.62 4.425 4.52 4.52 0 0 1-2.04.077 4.517 4.517 0 0 0 4.217 3.134 9.055 9.055 0 0 1-5.604 1.93A9.18 9.18 0 0 1 6 23.85a12.773 12.773 0 0 0 6.918 2.027c8.3 0 12.84-6.876 12.84-12.84 0-.195-.005-.39-.014-.583a9.172 9.172 0 0 0 2.252-2.336"
fill-rule="evenodd"></path></g></svg></span></a><a class="icons gray addthis_button_email at300b"
target="_blank" title="Email" href="#"><span
class="at-icon-wrapper"
style="background-color: rgb(132, 132, 132); line-height: 32px; height: 32px; width: 32px;"><svg
xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" viewBox="0 0 32 32"
version="1.1" role="img" aria-labelledby="at-svg-email-9" title="Email" alt="Email"
style="width: 32px; height: 32px;" class="at-icon at-icon-email"><title
id="at-svg-email-9">Email</title><g><g fill-rule="evenodd"></g><path
d="M27 22.757c0 1.24-.988 2.243-2.19 2.243H7.19C5.98 25 5 23.994 5 22.757V13.67c0-.556.39-.773.855-.496l8.78 5.238c.782.467 1.95.467 2.73 0l8.78-5.238c.472-.28.855-.063.855.495v9.087z"></path><path
d="M27 9.243C27 8.006 26.02 7 24.81 7H7.19C5.988 7 5 8.004 5 9.243v.465c0 .554.385 1.232.857 1.514l9.61 5.733c.267.16.8.16 1.067 0l9.61-5.733c.473-.283.856-.96.856-1.514v-.465z"></path></g></svg></span></a><a
class="icons gray addthis_button_print at300b" title="Print" href="#"><span class="at-icon-wrapper"
style="background-color: rgb(115, 138, 141); line-height: 32px; height: 32px; width: 32px;"><svg
xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" viewBox="0 0 32 32"
version="1.1" role="img" aria-labelledby="at-svg-print-10" title="Print" alt="Print"
style="width: 32px; height: 32px;" class="at-icon at-icon-print"><title
id="at-svg-print-10">Print</title><g><path
d="M24.67 10.62h-2.86V7.49H10.82v3.12H7.95c-.5 0-.9.4-.9.9v7.66h3.77v1.31L15 24.66h6.81v-5.44h3.77v-7.7c-.01-.5-.41-.9-.91-.9zM11.88 8.56h8.86v2.06h-8.86V8.56zm10.98 9.18h-1.05v-2.1h-1.06v7.96H16.4c-1.58 0-.82-3.74-.82-3.74s-3.65.89-3.69-.78v-3.43h-1.06v2.06H9.77v-3.58h13.09v3.61zm.75-4.91c-.4 0-.72-.32-.72-.72s.32-.72.72-.72c.4 0 .72.32.72.72s-.32.72-.72.72zm-4.12 2.96h-6.1v1.06h6.1v-1.06zm-6.11 3.15h6.1v-1.06h-6.1v1.06z"></path></g></svg></span></a><a
class="icons gray addthis_button_link at300b" target="_blank" title="Copy Link" href="#"><span
class="at-icon-wrapper"
style="background-color: rgb(23, 139, 244); line-height: 32px; height: 32px; width: 32px;"><svg
xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" viewBox="0 0 32 32"
version="1.1" role="img" aria-labelledby="at-svg-link-11" title="Copy Link" alt="Copy Link"
style="width: 32px; height: 32px;" class="at-icon at-icon-link"><title
id="at-svg-link-11">Copy Link</title><g><path
d="M23.476 20.663c0-.324-.114-.6-.34-.825l-2.524-2.524a1.124 1.124 0 0 0-.826-.34c-.34 0-.63.13-.873.388.024.024.1.1.23.225s.217.212.26.26c.046.05.106.126.183.23a.976.976 0 0 1 .2.644c0 .325-.113.6-.34.827-.226.226-.5.34-.825.34-.12 0-.23-.015-.332-.043a.976.976 0 0 1-.31-.158 2.89 2.89 0 0 1-.23-.182 7.506 7.506 0 0 1-.26-.26l-.226-.23c-.267.25-.4.545-.4.885 0 .322.113.597.34.824l2.5 2.512c.218.218.493.328.825.328.323 0 .598-.106.825-.316l1.784-1.772a1.11 1.11 0 0 0 .34-.813zm-8.532-8.556c0-.323-.113-.598-.34-.825l-2.5-2.512a1.124 1.124 0 0 0-.825-.34c-.316 0-.59.11-.826.328L8.67 10.53a1.11 1.11 0 0 0-.34.813c0 .323.113.598.34.825l2.524 2.524c.22.22.494.328.825.328.34 0 .63-.126.873-.376-.024-.025-.1-.1-.23-.225a7.506 7.506 0 0 1-.26-.262 2.89 2.89 0 0 1-.183-.23.976.976 0 0 1-.2-.644c0-.323.113-.598.34-.825.226-.227.5-.34.824-.34a.976.976 0 0 1 .643.2c.106.077.183.137.23.182.05.044.137.13.262.26s.2.207.224.23c.267-.25.4-.545.4-.885zm10.862 8.556c0 .97-.344 1.792-1.032 2.464L22.99 24.9c-.67.67-1.492 1.006-2.463 1.006-.98 0-1.805-.344-2.476-1.032l-2.5-2.512c-.67-.67-1.006-1.493-1.006-2.463 0-.997.356-1.842 1.068-2.538l-1.068-1.068c-.696.712-1.538 1.068-2.525 1.068-.97 0-1.797-.34-2.476-1.02L7.02 13.82C6.34 13.138 6 12.314 6 11.343c0-.97.344-1.792 1.032-2.464l1.784-1.773c.67-.67 1.492-1.007 2.463-1.007.978 0 1.803.344 2.475 1.032l2.5 2.512c.67.67 1.007 1.492 1.007 2.463 0 .995-.356 1.84-1.068 2.537l1.068 1.068c.696-.712 1.537-1.068 2.524-1.068.97 0 1.797.34 2.476 1.02l2.524 2.523c.68.68 1.02 1.505 1.02 2.476z"
fill-rule="evenodd"></path></g></svg></span></a><a class="icons gray addthis_button_compact at300m"
href="#"><span class="at-icon-wrapper"
style="background-color: rgb(255, 101, 80); line-height: 32px; height: 32px; width: 32px;"><svg
xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" viewBox="0 0 32 32"
version="1.1" role="img" aria-labelledby="at-svg-addthis-12" title="More" alt="More"
style="width: 32px; height: 32px;" class="at-icon at-icon-addthis"><title id="at-svg-addthis-12">AddThis</title><g><path
d="M18 14V8h-4v6H8v4h6v6h4v-6h6v-4h-6z" fill-rule="evenodd"></path></g></svg></span></a><a
class="icons addthis_counter" href="#" style="display: inline-block;"><a
class="addthis_button_expanded" target="_blank" title="More" href="#">2</a><a
class="atc_s addthis_button_compact">Share<span></span></a></a>
<div class="atclear"></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="css-1hc0jhf">
<p>
GINNIE HAPPY BIRTHDAY!</p>
<p>
We don't really talk much anymore, but the memories we made at Simons are unforgettable. From those really gross smores we made in the microwave during that movie night, to making fun of how Ohio is really irrelevant, to having half of the program in the gym, that summer def wouldn't have been the same without you. So I hope you have a great day and have fun being 13! You're so old already!! Oh also I don't think I ever actually saw your research but Rachel always says you're hella smart and a god so I'm not surprised.
</p>
<div class="css-wm4zcm">
<div class="shortcode-large shortcode-center"><img
src="images/smores.jpg"
class="css-8atqhb">
<div class="css-8pot">
the aforementioned smores thanks mom ginnie <3
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p><span>— Ginnie's Life Long Friend<a> Seba Marin-Quiros</a> can be reached at <a>[email protected]</a>. Follow him on Instagram <a
target="_blank" href="https://www.instagram.com/seba.8/">@seba.8</a>.</span></p>
</p></div>
</div>
<div class="css-ysl1c9-Bi">
<div class="css-1vg2o64"><span class="css-1oeze8g">Tags</span>
<div><a class="css-1a0sfva">Harvard</a><a
class="css-1a0sfva">Birthday</a><a
class="css-1a0sfva">Ginnie Ma</a><a
class="css-1a0sfva">GUSH</a><a class="css-1a0sfva">Student Athlete</a>
<a class="css-1a0sfva">I love you ginnie</a>
<a class="css-1a0sfva">Stat</a>
<a class="css-1a0sfva">Joe Blitzstein</a>
<a class="css-1a0sfva">Genius Ma</a></div>
</div>
</div>
<footer class="css-146hu1z-Object">
<div class="top-bar">
<div class="container">
<li><a href="/" to="/">The Ginnie Ma</a></li>
<li class="established"><em>President of GUSH, born 2001</em></li>
</div>
</div>
<div class="bottom-bar">
<div class="css-ehnrwh-Zt"><h1 class="mobile-footer-nav">Socials</h1>
<ul class="footer-list">
<li><a href="https://www.facebook.com/ginnie.ma.94">Facebook Profile</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/ginnie-ma-73b96b12a/">LinkedIn Profile</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.athletic.net/TrackAndField/Athlete.aspx?AID=9895273">Track & Field</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="css-ehnrwh-Zt"><h1 class="mobile-footer-nav">Organizations</h1>
<ul class="footer-list">
<li><a href="https://www.harvardgush.org/">GUSH</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.thecrimson.com/writer/1215501/Virginia_L._Ma/">Crimson Profile</a></li>
<li><a href="https://ca-life.org/author/mav19/"> The Academy Life</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="css-ehnrwh-Zt"><h1 class="mobile-footer-nav">Claims to Fame</h1>
<ul class="footer-list">
<li><a href="https://www.google.com/search?q=being+a+lovely+friend&safe=off&sxsrf=ALeKk02dbDUyBVMl_pj_zb8N-2ETkOFSsg:1589869006697&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjOqIjLo7_pAhXHWc0KHdEKCJkQ_AUoAXoECA0QAw&biw=1125&bih=937">Quality Friend</a></li>
<li><a href="https://ca-life.org/2019/02/25/virginia-ma19-presents-summer-research-project-at-stony-brook-university/">Simons</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.facebook.com/ColumbusAcademy/posts/columbus-academy-senior-ginnie-ma-won-a-2nd-award-at-the-2019-intel-internationa/10156043184546560/">ISEF</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<br></div>
<div class="copyright">Copyright © <!-- -->2020<!-- --> not the crimson, Inc.</div>
</footer>
</div>
<div id="modal"></div>
<script>
window.__APOLLO_STATE__ = {
"$ROOT_QUERY.content({\"day\":\"13\",\"month\":\"5\",\"slug\":\"asana-partners-harvard-square\",\"year\":\"2020\"})": {
"__typename": "ArticleGQL",
"title": "Tenants Grapple with High Rents and Local Turnover at Asana-Owned Properties",
"subtitle": "",
"description": "When the real estate firm Asana Partners arrived in Harvard Square in 2017, it did so with a simple message to the community: It wouldn't be changing much.",
"contributorOverride": "",
"createdOn": "2020-05-13T04:20:35.870966+00:00",
"modifiedOn": "2020-05-13T04:57:10.053580+00:00",
"showAds": true,
"searchable": true,
"slug": "asana-partners-harvard-square",
"url": "/article/2020/5/13/asana-partners-harvard-square/",
"group": null,
"contributors": [{
"type": "id",
"generated": true,
"id": "$ROOT_QUERY.content({\"day\":\"13\",\"month\":\"5\",\"slug\":\"asana-partners-harvard-square\",\"year\":\"2020\"}).contributors.0",
"typename": "ContributorGQL"
}, {
"type": "id",
"generated": true,
"id": "$ROOT_QUERY.content({\"day\":\"13\",\"month\":\"5\",\"slug\":\"asana-partners-harvard-square\",\"year\":\"2020\"}).contributors.1",
"typename": "ContributorGQL"
}],
"multimediaContributors": [],
"tags": [{
"type": "id",
"generated": true,
"id": "$ROOT_QUERY.content({\"day\":\"13\",\"month\":\"5\",\"slug\":\"asana-partners-harvard-square\",\"year\":\"2020\"}).tags.0",
"typename": "TagGQL"
}, {
"type": "id",
"generated": true,
"id": "$ROOT_QUERY.content({\"day\":\"13\",\"month\":\"5\",\"slug\":\"asana-partners-harvard-square\",\"year\":\"2020\"}).tags.1",
"typename": "TagGQL"
}, {
"type": "id",
"generated": true,
"id": "$ROOT_QUERY.content({\"day\":\"13\",\"month\":\"5\",\"slug\":\"asana-partners-harvard-square\",\"year\":\"2020\"}).tags.2",
"typename": "TagGQL"
}, {
"type": "id",
"generated": true,
"id": "$ROOT_QUERY.content({\"day\":\"13\",\"month\":\"5\",\"slug\":\"asana-partners-harvard-square\",\"year\":\"2020\"}).tags.3",
"typename": "TagGQL"
}, {
"type": "id",
"generated": true,
"id": "$ROOT_QUERY.content({\"day\":\"13\",\"month\":\"5\",\"slug\":\"asana-partners-harvard-square\",\"year\":\"2020\"}).tags.4",
"typename": "TagGQL"
}, {
"type": "id",
"generated": true,
"id": "$ROOT_QUERY.content({\"day\":\"13\",\"month\":\"5\",\"slug\":\"asana-partners-harvard-square\",\"year\":\"2020\"}).tags.5",
"typename": "TagGQL"
}, {
"type": "id",
"generated": true,
"id": "$ROOT_QUERY.content({\"day\":\"13\",\"month\":\"5\",\"slug\":\"asana-partners-harvard-square\",\"year\":\"2020\"}).tags.6",
"typename": "TagGQL"
}],
"issue": {
"type": "id",
"generated": true,
"id": "$ROOT_QUERY.content({\"day\":\"13\",\"month\":\"5\",\"slug\":\"asana-partners-harvard-square\",\"year\":\"2020\"}).issue",
"typename": "IssueGQL"
},
"section": {
"type": "id",
"generated": true,
"id": "$ROOT_QUERY.content({\"day\":\"13\",\"month\":\"5\",\"slug\":\"asana-partners-harvard-square\",\"year\":\"2020\"}).section",
"typename": "SectionGQL"
},
"subsection": {
"type": "id",
"generated": true,
"id": "$ROOT_QUERY.content({\"day\":\"13\",\"month\":\"5\",\"slug\":\"asana-partners-harvard-square\",\"year\":\"2020\"}).subsection",
"typename": "TagGQL"
},
"fmSubsection": "Harvard Square",
"flybySubsection": null,
"relContent": [{
"type": "id",
"generated": true,
"id": "$ROOT_QUERY.content({\"day\":\"13\",\"month\":\"5\",\"slug\":\"asana-partners-harvard-square\",\"year\":\"2020\"}).relContent.0",
"typename": "ImageGQL"
}, {
"type": "id",
"generated": true,
"id": "$ROOT_QUERY.content({\"day\":\"13\",\"month\":\"5\",\"slug\":\"asana-partners-harvard-square\",\"year\":\"2020\"}).relContent.1",
"typename": "ArticleGQL"
}, {
"type": "id",
"generated": true,
"id": "$ROOT_QUERY.content({\"day\":\"13\",\"month\":\"5\",\"slug\":\"asana-partners-harvard-square\",\"year\":\"2020\"}).relContent.2",
"typename": "ArticleGQL"
}, {
"type": "id",
"generated": true,
"id": "$ROOT_QUERY.content({\"day\":\"13\",\"month\":\"5\",\"slug\":\"asana-partners-harvard-square\",\"year\":\"2020\"}).relContent.3",
"typename": "ArticleGQL"
}, {
"type": "id",
"generated": true,
"id": "$ROOT_QUERY.content({\"day\":\"13\",\"month\":\"5\",\"slug\":\"asana-partners-harvard-square\",\"year\":\"2020\"}).relContent.4",
"typename": "ArticleGQL"
}],
"mainContent": {
"type": "id",
"generated": true,
"id": "$ROOT_QUERY.content({\"day\":\"13\",\"month\":\"5\",\"slug\":\"asana-partners-harvard-square\",\"year\":\"2020\"}).mainContent",
"typename": "ImageGQL"
},
"layout": "SLEEK_SHORT_FEATURE_TEMPLATE",
"paragraphs": {
"type": "json",
"json": ["\u003cp>{shortcode-26caed0bed2b1b407c2f8eebf287e7d0ee304596}\u003c/p>", "\u003cp>When the real estate firm Asana Partners arrived in Harvard Square in 2017, it did so with a simple message to the community: It wouldn't be changing much.\u003c/p>", "\u003cp>To an outsider, it would seem this promise has been mostly upheld. The two Brattle Street buildings that Asana paid a whopping $108 million for are still intact — and most businesses in their ground-floor storefronts are selling many of the same items that they were when the company came to town.\u003c/p>", "\u003cp>But at several locations, the faces behind the counter have changed. Sky-high rents on Brattle Street have forced several small businesses out, sparking concerns among community leaders and earning Asana mixed reviews from proprietors and patrons alike.\u003c/p>", "\u003cp>Asana, a Charlotte, N.C.-based real estate investment company that owns swaths of retail property around the country, \u003ca href=\"https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2017/12/20/asana-buys-brattle/\">purchased 1-8 Brattle St. and 17-41A Brattle St.\u003c/a> from the Dow and Stearns family trust in December 2017. The sale came two years after the family trust sold off its properties at the Abbott Building on John F. Kennedy St. and Brattle St. to another national real estate group.\u003c/p>", "\u003cp>"We're not trying to create a mall here," one of Asana's founding partners, Sam E. Judd, told the Boston Globe at the time of the sale.\u003c/p>", "\u003cp>Since the company came into the Square, though, a steady stream of local businesses have closed their doors, most citing rising rent costs.\u003c/p>", "\u003cp>When Asana bought the Brattle St. buildings, 11 of its ground-floor storefronts housed locally-owned businesses. Less than three years later, five of those local businesses have been shuttered or moved — and all but one of them have been replaced by national chains.\u003c/p>", "\u003ch2>\u003ca class=\"nav-section-anchor\" id=\"article-nav-section-0\">\u003c/a>'The Rents are Unsustainable'\u003c/h2>", "\u003cp>The trend of rising property costs in Harvard Square was hardly created by Asana. The assessed value of Harvard Square property \u003ca href=\"https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2017/11/3/property-values-increase-rents/?utm_source=thecrimson&utm_medium=web_primary&utm_campaign=recommend_sidebar\">almost doubled between 2012 and 2017\u003c/a>, and closing Square businesses \u003ca href=\"https://www.thecrimson.com/article/1999/4/28/briggs-briggs-bids-goodbye-to/\">have\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2013/8/9/tamarind-bay-closes-rent/\">been\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"http://www.thecrimson.com/article/2013/12/9/tommy-doyles-close-december/\">complaining\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2001/5/9/rising-rents-make-store24-latest-square/\">about\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"http://www.thecrimson.com/article/2017/12/8/just-crust-pizza-closes/\">rent\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2016/9/7/Uno-closes-in-square/\">spikes\u003c/a> on the way out \u003ca href=\"https://www.thecrimson.com/article/1996/5/22/square-eatery-plans-to-close-pafter/\">for years\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>", "\u003cp>While the Brattle St. properties were owned by the Dow and Stearns family trust, "they had had an incredibly strong record of support" for local businesses and nonprofits, according to Harvard Square Neighborhood Association President Suzanne P. Blier.\u003c/p>", "\u003cp>After Asana took over the properties, local business owners who left the properties said rents skyrocketed when their leases ran out. \u003ca href=\"https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/9/9/black-ink-to-close/\">Black Ink\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2018/12/7/crema-cafe-to-close/\">Crema Cafe\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/9/19/flat-patties-closing/\">Flat Patties\u003c/a> all departed the Square citing a breakdown in negotiations or unsustainable rent hikes.\u003c/p>", "\u003cp>MDF Motto, a jewelry store, moved to a new location in the Square and Beyond — a shoe store formerly known as The Tannery — closed up shop in Cambridge.\u003c/p>", "\u003cp>"They're increasing rent to a level that is not tenable for small businesses," said Theodora M. "Theo" Skeadas '12, the executive director of the local business group Cambridge Local First. "The rents are unsustainable."\u003c/p>", "\u003cp>So far, no local businesses have replaced the shops that have left, though Fóumami, a Boston-based Asian sandwich shop, \u003ca href=\"https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2020/1/16/foumami-replaces-flat-patties-harvard-square/\">is expected to take over in the Flat Patties location\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>", "\u003cp>Beyond \u003ca href=\"https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2020/1/5/square-patagonia-store-opens/\">has been reconstructed as a Patagonia store\u003c/a>, Crema \u003ca href=\"https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/11/8/bluestone-lane-opens/\">was replaced by the Australian coffee chain Bluestone Lane\u003c/a>, Black Ink's shop \u003ca href=\"https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2020/3/5/topdrawer-harvard-square-opens/\">will soon re-open as Topdrawer\u003c/a> — an international retailer selling gifts and travel accessories — and MDF Motto's location \u003ca href=\"https://www.thecrimson.com/image/2020/3/5/ray-bans-opens-in-square/\">is now occupied by a Ray-Bans store\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>", "\u003cp>"I think it really changes the character of the Square and, especially for Cambridge residents, what kind of place they think it is — a place that they see for themselves … that caters to everyone, or if it's only a place that caters for people who can pull in six figures," first-term city councilor Jivan G. Sobrinho-Wheeler said.\u003c/p>", "\u003cp>Thomas J. Brush — who co-owned Crema and Flat Patties before they closed their doors and continues to operate Felipe's Taqueria — said he doesn't fault the company for seeking high rents given the fiduciary responsibility it has to investors. The Felipe's lease was negotiated before the firm took over.\u003c/p>", "\u003cp>"They're going to lease to whoever pays the top dollar," Brush said. "And I respect that. That's the way life is."\u003c/p>", "\u003cp>Asana is financed by an array of private equity investments, including public and private pension funds, endowments, and insurance companies.\u003c/p>", "\u003cp>Brush said the company has been helpful in allowing him to expand the Felipe's roof deck and has made improvements to the buildings.\u003c/p>", "\u003cp>"They've been great to work with," he said.\u003c/p>", "\u003cp>Other Asana tenants described a different relationship.\u003c/p>", "\u003cp>One Asana tenant, who spoke on the condition of anonymity in order to protect their relationship with their landlord, said communication with the company has been limited, and that the firm has been "very aloof."\u003c/p>", "\u003ch2>\u003ca class=\"nav-section-anchor\" id=\"article-nav-section-1\">\u003c/a>Economic Uncertainty\u003c/h2>", "\u003cp>The coronavirus pandemic, which has led to an economic calamity that has shuttered businesses across the country and created a mass spike in unemployment, has cast a cloud of uncertainty over the future of many small businesses in Cambridge.\u003c/p>", "\u003cp>Asana has not yet offered rent reduction amid the pandemic, according to one tenant, though negotiations may differ from tenant to tenant.\u003c/p>", "\u003cp>In Atlanta, another Asana tenant described a similar story. Ming Yang, the owner of Richard's Variety Store said she has been contacted by the firm's lawyers after not paying April's rent. Yang said she has been unable to afford the payment due to the economic downturn caused by the coronavirus.\u003c/p>", "\u003cp>She said her store was scheduled to move out of its current location and into a nearby mall by the end of April, but she claims it has been unable to do so due to the virus. She attributed the move to rising rent costs.\u003c/p>", "\u003cp>"I think Asana is out of touch," Yang said.\u003c/p>", "\u003cp>Asana did not respond to a request for comment.\u003c/p>", "\u003cp>Some area landlords are allowing for increased flexibility on rent as \u003ca href=\"https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2020/4/29/coronavirus-baker-extends-stay-at-home-order/\">Massachusetts operates under a stay-at-home advisory\u003c/a> with only essential businesses open.\u003c/p>", "\u003cp>John P. DiGiovanni, the president of the Harvard Square Business Association who owns property around Cambridge, said "the vast majority" of his restaurant and retail tenants are not currently paying rent. He said he has not sent any default notices to local tenants.\u003c/p>", "\u003cp>The University, which owns a significant amount of Square real estate, has been handling negotiations with their Square tenants on a case-by-case basis, according to Vice President for Campus Services Meredith L. Weenick '90.\u003c/p>", "\u003cp>"We've been in contact with all of our retail small business tenants and continue to work to address their individual concerns and needs," Weenick wrote in an emailed statement. "Depending on their individual circumstances, Harvard has offered different rent-relief options."\u003c/p>", "\u003cp>Weenick added that the University has lifted mandatory minimum operation hours for its commercial tenants.\u003c/p>", "\u003cp>Denise A. Jillson, the executive director of the Harvard Square Business Association said Asana's relationship with HSBA has been "very good." Chris R. Dalton, a director of asset management for Asana, sits on the Association's board and often flies in to attend meetings.\u003c/p>", "\u003cp>Jillson said she is "very confident" that the percentage of locally owned businesses in the Square will remain at around 70 percent, where she said it has sat for the last 15 years.\u003c/p>", "\u003cp>Richard B. Peiser, a professor of real estate development at the Harvard Graduate School of Design, said Asana opting to bring in more national tenants is unsurprising.\u003c/p>", "\u003cp>"It's just a fact of retail life that every landlord wants the strongest tenants they can get," Peiser said. "When you get the national chain stores … the value of the shopping center is significantly higher than it would be with tenants who do not have national credit ratings for the very fact that in downturns like the ones we're seeing in the COVID crisis, the mom-and-pops are the first ones to go under."\u003c/p>", "\u003ch2>\u003ca class=\"nav-section-anchor\" id=\"article-nav-section-2\">\u003c/a>'Not That Much We Can Do'\u003c/h2>", "\u003cp>The closure of several of the Brattle St. businesses, and construction being done on the Abbot Building, which is owned by Regency Centers, has sparked debate among city leaders and residents about how to best preserve independent proprietors in the Square.\u003c/p>", "\u003cp>Brush, the Felipe's co-owner, said that he, too, laments the loss of businesses like Black Ink. But he said he faults the city for not previously enacting stricter zoning regulations.\u003c/p>", "\u003cp>"I do not blame Asana," he said.\u003c/p>", "\u003cp>In March, the City Council unanimously approved a Harvard Square zoning overlay petition backed by Blier, the Harvard Square Neighborhood Association president. The order established a Harvard Square Advisory Committee to review major developments in the Square with the goal of maintaining 70 percent local ownership of ground-floor businesses.\u003c/p>", "\u003cp>Sobrinho-Wheeler, the city councilor, said he supports zoning initiatives that prop up local businesses, but he cautioned that their regulatory power can be limited in scope.\u003c/p>", "\u003cp>"There's only so much you can do with zoning," he said. "We, at the end of the day, can't choose which tenants [are] there. We can't control what the rents are like."\u003c/p>", "\u003cp>Likewise, Skeadas said that Cambridge Local First, which represents more than 500 businesses from around the city, is limited in its ability to prevent local turnover in Harvard Square.\u003c/p>", "\u003cp>"There's not that much we can do, realistically," she said. "We live in a relatively open-market system, and things are sold to the highest bidder. As a small non-profit, we can do some advocacy, but we can't change the rules of the market system."\u003c/p>", "\u003cp>She said she views zoning as "an important tool in the toolkit," but added that she does "not attribute this change predominantly to inadequate zoning."\u003c/p>", "\u003cp>Sobrinho-Wheeler, who worked for the Lincoln Institute of Land Policy prior to being elected to the City Council, said he supports the city looking into alternative models of property ownership, such as community land trusts. He said he hopes to launch a task force looking into starting a Cambridge community land trust this year.\u003c/p>", "\u003cp>Longtime Harvard Square resident Christopher Mackin, who sits on the board of the Harvard Square Neighborhood Association, said he backs the idea of the city "building the financial resources and institutions" to compete in the real estate market with a land trust.\u003c/p>", "\u003cp>"They're no better and no worse than a dozen others who could've taken their place. The problem is not Asana," he said.\u003c/p>", "\u003cp>"I'm more in favor of mom-and-pop ownership of real estate — and, even better, community land trust ownership of real estate — than I am of investment groups coming in and buying this stuff," Mackin said.\u003c/p>", "\u003cp>Blier said she hopes the economic recovery after the pandemic will be advantageous to local businesses.\u003c/p>", "\u003cp>"The whole country — the whole world, really — is going to be reshaped through the circumstances of this pandemic," she said. "We have a choice — all of us — about how we respond to it. And hopefully we can help to build a much stronger local base and economy out of it that will end up being even more vibrant than it was before."\u003c/p>", "\u003cp>—Staff writer Jasper G. Goodman can be reached at \u003ca href=\"mailto:[email protected]\">[email protected]\u003c/a>. Follow him on Twitter \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/Jasper_Goodman\">@Jasper_Goodman\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>", "\u003cp>—Staff writer Hannah J. Martinez can be reached at \u003ca href=\"mailto:[email protected]\">[email protected]\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>"]
},
"authorDescript": "",
"bylineType": "Crimson Staff Writer",
"mainTag": "Metro News",
"hasJump": false,
"textBeforeJump": "\u003cp>{image id=1344535 size=large byline=TRUE}\u003c/p>\r\n\r\n\u003cp>When the real estate firm Asana Partners arrived in Harvard Square in 2017, it did so with a simple message to the community: It wouldn’t be changing much.\u003c/p>\r\n\r\n\u003cp>To an outsider, it would seem this promise has been mostly upheld. The two Brattle Street buildings that Asana paid a whopping $108 million for are still intact — and most businesses in their ground-floor storefronts are selling many of the same items that they were when the company came to town.\u003c/p>\r\n\r\n\u003cp>But at several locations, the faces behind the counter have changed. Sky-high rents on Brattle Street have forced several small businesses out, sparking concerns among community leaders and earning Asana mixed reviews from proprietors and patrons alike.\u003c/p>\r\n\r\n\u003cp>Asana, a Charlotte, N.C.-based real estate investment company that owns swaths of retail property around the country, \u003ca href=\"https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2017/12/20/asana-buys-brattle/\">purchased 1-8 Brattle St. and 17-41A Brattle St.\u003c/a> from the Dow and Stearns family trust in December 2017. The sale came two years after the family trust sold off its properties at the Abbott Building on John F. Kennedy St. and Brattle St. to another national real estate group.\u003c/p>\r\n\r\n\u003cp>“We’re not trying to create a mall here,” one of Asana’s founding partners, Sam E. Judd, told the Boston Globe at the time of the sale.\u003c/p>\r\n\r\n\u003cp>Since the company came into the Square, though, a steady stream of local businesses have closed their doors, most citing rising rent costs.\u003c/p>\r\n\r\n\u003cp>When Asana bought the Brattle St. buildings, 11 of its ground-floor storefronts housed locally-owned businesses. Less than three years later, five of those local businesses have been shuttered or moved — and all but one of them have been replaced by national chains.\u003c/p>\r\n\r\n\u003ch2>‘The Rents are Unsustainable’\u003c/h2>\r\n\r\n\u003cp>The trend of rising property costs in Harvard Square was hardly created by Asana. The assessed value of Harvard Square property \u003ca href=\"https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2017/11/3/property-values-increase-rents/?utm_source=thecrimson&utm_medium=web_primary&utm_campaign=recommend_sidebar\">almost doubled between 2012 and 2017\u003c/a>, and closing Square businesses \u003ca href=\"https://www.thecrimson.com/article/1999/4/28/briggs-briggs-bids-goodbye-to/\">have\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2013/8/9/tamarind-bay-closes-rent/\">been\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"http://www.thecrimson.com/article/2013/12/9/tommy-doyles-close-december/\">complaining\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2001/5/9/rising-rents-make-store24-latest-square/\">about\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"http://www.thecrimson.com/article/2017/12/8/just-crust-pizza-closes/\">rent\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2016/9/7/Uno-closes-in-square/\">spikes\u003c/a> on the way out \u003ca href=\"https://www.thecrimson.com/article/1996/5/22/square-eatery-plans-to-close-pafter/\">for years\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\r\n\r\n\u003cp>While the Brattle St. properties were owned by the Dow and Stearns family trust, “they had had an incredibly strong record of support” for local businesses and nonprofits, according to Harvard Square Neighborhood Association President Suzanne P. Blier.\u003c/p>\r\n\r\n\u003cp>After Asana took over the properties, local business owners who left the properties said rents skyrocketed when their leases ran out. \u003ca href=\"https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/9/9/black-ink-to-close/\">Black Ink\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2018/12/7/crema-cafe-to-close/\">Crema Cafe\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/9/19/flat-patties-closing/\">Flat Patties\u003c/a> all departed the Square citing a breakdown in negotiations or unsustainable rent hikes.\u003c/p>\r\n\r\n\u003cp>MDF Motto, a jewelry store, moved to a new location in the Square and Beyond — a shoe store formerly known as The Tannery — closed up shop in Cambridge.\u003c/p>\r\n\r\n\u003cp>“They’re increasing rent to a level that is not tenable for small businesses,” said Theodora M. “Theo” Skeadas ’12, the executive director of the local business group Cambridge Local First. “The rents are unsustainable.”\u003c/p>\r\n\r\n\u003cp>So far, no local businesses have replaced the shops that have left, though Fóumami, a Boston-based Asian sandwich shop, \u003ca href=\"https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2020/1/16/foumami-replaces-flat-patties-harvard-square/\">is expected to take over in the Flat Patties location\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\r\n\r\n\u003cp>Beyond \u003ca href=\"https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2020/1/5/square-patagonia-store-opens/\">has been reconstructed as a Patagonia store\u003c/a>, Crema \u003ca href=\"https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/11/8/bluestone-lane-opens/\">was replaced by the Australian coffee chain Bluestone Lane\u003c/a>, Black Ink’s shop \u003ca href=\"https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2020/3/5/topdrawer-harvard-square-opens/\">will soon re-open as Topdrawer\u003c/a> — an international retailer selling gifts and travel accessories — and MDF Motto’s location \u003ca href=\"https://www.thecrimson.com/image/2020/3/5/ray-bans-opens-in-square/\">is now occupied by a Ray-Bans store\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\r\n\r\n\u003cp>“I think it really changes the character of the Square and, especially for Cambridge residents, what kind of place they think it is — a place that they see for themselves … that caters to everyone, or if it’s only a place that caters for people who can pull in six figures,” first-term city councilor Jivan G. Sobrinho-Wheeler said.\u003c/p>\r\n\r\n\u003cp>Thomas J. Brush — who co-owned Crema and Flat Patties before they closed their doors and continues to operate Felipe’s Taqueria — said he doesn’t fault the company for seeking high rents given the fiduciary responsibility it has to investors. The Felipe’s lease was negotiated before the firm took over.\u003c/p>\r\n\r\n\u003cp>“They’re going to lease to whoever pays the top dollar,” Brush said. “And I respect that. That’s the way life is.”\u003c/p>\r\n\r\n\u003cp>Asana is financed by an array of private equity investments, including public and private pension funds, endowments, and insurance companies.\u003c/p>\r\n\r\n\u003cp>Brush said the company has been helpful in allowing him to expand the Felipe’s roof deck and has made improvements to the buildings.\u003c/p>\r\n\r\n\u003cp>“They’ve been great to work with,” he said.\u003c/p>\r\n\r\n\u003cp>Other Asana tenants described a different relationship.\u003c/p>\r\n\r\n\u003cp>One Asana tenant, who spoke on the condition of anonymity in order to protect their relationship with their landlord, said communication with the company has been limited, and that the firm has been “very aloof.”\u003c/p>\r\n\r\n\u003ch2>Economic Uncertainty\u003c/h2>\r\n\r\n\u003cp>The coronavirus pandemic, which has led to an economic calamity that has shuttered businesses across the country and created a mass spike in unemployment, has cast a cloud of uncertainty over the future of many small businesses in Cambridge.\u003c/p>\r\n\r\n\u003cp>Asana has not yet offered rent reduction amid the pandemic, according to one tenant, though negotiations may differ from tenant to tenant.\u003c/p>\r\n\r\n\u003cp>In Atlanta, another Asana tenant described a similar story. Ming Yang, the owner of Richard’s Variety Store said she has been contacted by the firm’s lawyers after not paying April’s rent. Yang said she has been unable to afford the payment due to the economic downturn caused by the coronavirus.\u003c/p>\r\n\r\n\u003cp>She said her store was scheduled to move out of its current location and into a nearby mall by the end of April, but she claims it has been unable to do so due to the virus. She attributed the move to rising rent costs.\u003c/p>\r\n\r\n\u003cp>“I think Asana is out of touch,” Yang said.\u003c/p>\r\n\r\n\u003cp>Asana did not respond to a request for comment.\u003c/p>\r\n\r\n\u003cp>Some area landlords are allowing for increased flexibility on rent as \u003ca href=\"https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2020/4/29/coronavirus-baker-extends-stay-at-home-order/\">Massachusetts operates under a stay-at-home advisory\u003c/a> with only essential businesses open.\u003c/p>\r\n\r\n\u003cp>John P. DiGiovanni, the president of the Harvard Square Business Association who owns property around Cambridge, said “the vast majority” of his restaurant and retail tenants are not currently paying rent. He said he has not sent any default notices to local tenants.\u003c/p>\r\n\r\n\u003cp>The University, which owns a significant amount of Square real estate, has been handling negotiations with their Square tenants on a case-by-case basis, according to Vice President for Campus Services Meredith L. Weenick ’90.\u003c/p>\r\n\r\n\u003cp>“We’ve been in contact with all of our retail small business tenants and continue to work to address their individual concerns and needs,” Weenick wrote in an emailed statement. “Depending on their individual circumstances, Harvard has offered different rent-relief options.”\u003c/p>\r\n\r\n\u003cp>Weenick added that the University has lifted mandatory minimum operation hours for its commercial tenants.\u003c/p>\r\n\r\n\u003cp>Denise A. Jillson, the executive director of the Harvard Square Business Association said Asana’s relationship with HSBA has been “very good.” Chris R. Dalton, a director of asset management for Asana, sits on the Association’s board and often flies in to attend meetings.\u003c/p>\r\n\r\n\u003cp>Jillson said she is “very confident” that the percentage of locally owned businesses in the Square will remain at around 70 percent, where she said it has sat for the last 15 years.\u003c/p>\r\n\r\n\u003cp>Richard B. Peiser, a professor of real estate development at the Harvard Graduate School of Design, said Asana opting to bring in more national tenants is unsurprising.\u003c/p>\r\n\r\n\u003cp>“It’s just a fact of retail life that every landlord wants the strongest tenants they can get,” Peiser said. “When you get the national chain stores … the value of the shopping center is significantly higher than it would be with tenants who do not have national credit ratings for the very fact that in downturns like the ones we’re seeing in the COVID crisis, the mom-and-pops are the first ones to go under.”\u003c/p>\r\n\r\n\u003ch2>‘Not That Much We Can Do’\u003c/h2>\r\n\r\n\u003cp>The closure of several of the Brattle St. businesses, and construction being done on the Abbot Building, which is owned by Regency Centers, has sparked debate among city leaders and residents about how to best preserve independent proprietors in the Square.\u003c/p>\r\n\r\n\u003cp>Brush, the Felipe’s co-owner, said that he, too, laments the loss of businesses like Black Ink. But he said he faults the city for not previously enacting stricter zoning regulations.\u003c/p>\r\n\r\n\u003cp>“I do not blame Asana,” he said.\u003c/p>\r\n\r\n\u003cp>In March, the City Council unanimously approved a Harvard Square zoning overlay petition backed by Blier, the Harvard Square Neighborhood Association president. The order established a Harvard Square Advisory Committee to review major developments in the Square with the goal of maintaining 70 percent local ownership of ground-floor businesses.\u003c/p>\r\n\r\n\u003cp>Sobrinho-Wheeler, the city councilor, said he supports zoning initiatives that prop up local businesses, but he cautioned that their regulatory power can be limited in scope.\u003c/p>\r\n\r\n\u003cp>“There’s only so much you can do with zoning,” he said. “We, at the end of the day, can’t choose which tenants [are] there. We can’t control what the rents are like.”\u003c/p>\r\n\r\n\u003cp>Likewise, Skeadas said that Cambridge Local First, which represents more than 500 businesses from around the city, is limited in its ability to prevent local turnover in Harvard Square.\u003c/p>\r\n\r\n\u003cp>“There’s not that much we can do, realistically,” she said. “We live in a relatively open-market system, and things are sold to the highest bidder. As a small non-profit, we can do some advocacy, but we can’t change the rules of the market system.”\u003c/p>\r\n\r\n\u003cp>She said she views zoning as “an important tool in the toolkit,” but added that she does “not attribute this change predominantly to inadequate zoning.”\u003c/p>\r\n\r\n\u003cp>Sobrinho-Wheeler, who worked for the Lincoln Institute of Land Policy prior to being elected to the City Council, said he supports the city looking into alternative models of property ownership, such as community land trusts. He said he hopes to launch a task force looking into starting a Cambridge community land trust this year.\u003c/p>\r\n\r\n\u003cp>Longtime Harvard Square resident Christopher Mackin, who sits on the board of the Harvard Square Neighborhood Association, said he backs the idea of the city “building the financial resources and institutions” to compete in the real estate market with a land trust.\u003c/p>\r\n\r\n\u003cp>“They’re no better and no worse than a dozen others who could’ve taken their place. The problem is not Asana,” he said.\u003c/p>\r\n\r\n\u003cp>“I’m more in favor of mom-and-pop ownership of real estate — and, even better, community land trust ownership of real estate — than I am of investment groups coming in and buying this stuff,” Mackin said.\u003c/p>\r\n\r\n\u003cp>Blier said she hopes the economic recovery after the pandemic will be advantageous to local businesses.\u003c/p>\r\n\r\n\u003cp>“The whole country — the whole world, really — is going to be reshaped through the circumstances of this pandemic,” she said. “We have a choice — all of us — about how we respond to it. And hopefully we can help to build a much stronger local base and economy out of it that will end up being even more vibrant than it was before.”\u003c/p>\r\n\r\n\u003cp>—Staff writer Jasper G. Goodman can be reached at \u003ca href=\"mailto:[email protected]\">[email protected]\u003c/a>. Follow him on Twitter \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/Jasper_Goodman\">@Jasper_Goodman\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\r\n\r\n\u003cp>—Staff writer Hannah J. Martinez can be reached at \u003ca href=\"mailto:[email protected]\">[email protected]\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>",
"shortcodes": [{
"type": "id",
"generated": true,
"id": "$ROOT_QUERY.content({\"day\":\"13\",\"month\":\"5\",\"slug\":\"asana-partners-harvard-square\",\"year\":\"2020\"}).shortcodes.0",
"typename": "ShortcodeImageGQL"
}],
"recArticles": [],
"prevArticle": {
"type": "id",
"generated": true,
"id": "$ROOT_QUERY.content({\"day\":\"13\",\"month\":\"5\",\"slug\":\"asana-partners-harvard-square\",\"year\":\"2020\"}).prevArticle",
"typename": "ArticleGQL"
}
},
"$ROOT_QUERY.content({\"day\":\"13\",\"month\":\"5\",\"slug\":\"asana-partners-harvard-square\",\"year\":\"2020\"}).contributors.0": {
"name": "Jasper G. Goodman",
"url": "/writer/1215368/Jasper_G._Goodman/",
"__typename": "ContributorGQL"
},
"$ROOT_QUERY.content({\"day\":\"13\",\"month\":\"5\",\"slug\":\"asana-partners-harvard-square\",\"year\":\"2020\"}).contributors.1": {
"name": "Hannah J. Martinez",
"url": "/writer/1215808/Hannah_J._Martinez/",
"__typename": "ContributorGQL"
},
"$ROOT_QUERY.content({\"day\":\"13\",\"month\":\"5\",\"slug\":\"asana-partners-harvard-square\",\"year\":\"2020\"}).tags.0": {
"text": "Harvard Square",
"url": "/tag/harvard-square/",
"__typename": "TagGQL"
},
"$ROOT_QUERY.content({\"day\":\"13\",\"month\":\"5\",\"slug\":\"asana-partners-harvard-square\",\"year\":\"2020\"}).tags.1": {
"text": "Square Business",
"url": "/tag/square-business/",
"__typename": "TagGQL"
},
"$ROOT_QUERY.content({\"day\":\"13\",\"month\":\"5\",\"slug\":\"asana-partners-harvard-square\",\"year\":\"2020\"}).tags.2": {
"text": "Metro News",
"url": "/tag/metro-news/",
"__typename": "TagGQL"
},
"$ROOT_QUERY.content({\"day\":\"13\",\"month\":\"5\",\"slug\":\"asana-partners-harvard-square\",\"year\":\"2020\"}).tags.3": {
"text": "Metro",
"url": "/tag/metro/",
"__typename": "TagGQL"
},
"$ROOT_QUERY.content({\"day\":\"13\",\"month\":\"5\",\"slug\":\"asana-partners-harvard-square\",\"year\":\"2020\"}).tags.4": {
"text": "Front Photo Feature",
"url": "/tag/front-photo-feature/",
"__typename": "TagGQL"
},
"$ROOT_QUERY.content({\"day\":\"13\",\"month\":\"5\",\"slug\":\"asana-partners-harvard-square\",\"year\":\"2020\"}).tags.5": {
"text": "Featured Articles",
"url": "/tag/featured-articles/",
"__typename": "TagGQL"
},
"$ROOT_QUERY.content({\"day\":\"13\",\"month\":\"5\",\"slug\":\"asana-partners-harvard-square\",\"year\":\"2020\"}).tags.6": {
"text": "Coronavirus",
"url": "/tag/coronavirus/",
"__typename": "TagGQL"
},
"$ROOT_QUERY.content({\"day\":\"13\",\"month\":\"5\",\"slug\":\"asana-partners-harvard-square\",\"year\":\"2020\"}).issue": {
"issueDate": "2020-05-13",
"__typename": "IssueGQL"
},
"$ROOT_QUERY.content({\"day\":\"13\",\"month\":\"5\",\"slug\":\"asana-partners-harvard-square\",\"year\":\"2020\"}).section": {
"name": "News",
"__typename": "SectionGQL"
},
"$ROOT_QUERY.content({\"day\":\"13\",\"month\":\"5\",\"slug\":\"asana-partners-harvard-square\",\"year\":\"2020\"}).subsection": {
"text": "Harvard Square",
"url": "/tag/harvard-square/",
"__typename": "TagGQL"
},
"$ROOT_QUERY.content({\"day\":\"13\",\"month\":\"5\",\"slug\":\"asana-partners-harvard-square\",\"year\":\"2020\"}).relContent.0": {
"title": "Crema Cafe Closed Down",
"url": "/image/2019/2/14/crema-cafe-closed/",
"contributors": [{
"type": "id",
"generated": true,
"id": "$ROOT_QUERY.content({\"day\":\"13\",\"month\":\"5\",\"slug\":\"asana-partners-harvard-square\",\"year\":\"2020\"}).relContent.0.contributors.0",
"typename": "ContributorGQL"
}],
"__typename": "ImageGQL"
},
"$ROOT_QUERY.content({\"day\":\"13\",\"month\":\"5\",\"slug\":\"asana-partners-harvard-square\",\"year\":\"2020\"}).relContent.0.contributors.0": {
"name": "Ryan N. Gajarawala",
"url": "/writer/1214811/Ryan_N._Gajarawala/",
"__typename": "ContributorGQL"
},
"$ROOT_QUERY.content({\"day\":\"13\",\"month\":\"5\",\"slug\":\"asana-partners-harvard-square\",\"year\":\"2020\"}).relContent.1": {
"title": "Square Businesses Brace for Impact As Harvard Students Prepare to Move Out",
"url": "/article/2020/3/12/square-react-student-departure/",
"contributors": [{
"type": "id",
"generated": true,
"id": "$ROOT_QUERY.content({\"day\":\"13\",\"month\":\"5\",\"slug\":\"asana-partners-harvard-square\",\"year\":\"2020\"}).relContent.1.contributors.0",
"typename": "ContributorGQL"
}],
"__typename": "ArticleGQL"
},
"$ROOT_QUERY.content({\"day\":\"13\",\"month\":\"5\",\"slug\":\"asana-partners-harvard-square\",\"year\":\"2020\"}).relContent.1.contributors.0": {
"name": "Jasper G. Goodman",
"url": "/writer/1215368/Jasper_G._Goodman/",
"__typename": "ContributorGQL"
},
"$ROOT_QUERY.content({\"day\":\"13\",\"month\":\"5\",\"slug\":\"asana-partners-harvard-square\",\"year\":\"2020\"}).relContent.2": {
"title": "Central Square Shops Struggle with 'Paralyzing' COVID-19 Economic Losses in New Report",
"url": "/article/2020/3/19/cambridge-coronavirus-business-impacts/",
"contributors": [{
"type": "id",
"generated": true,
"id": "$ROOT_QUERY.content({\"day\":\"13\",\"month\":\"5\",\"slug\":\"asana-partners-harvard-square\",\"year\":\"2020\"}).relContent.2.contributors.0",
"typename": "ContributorGQL"
}],
"__typename": "ArticleGQL"
},
"$ROOT_QUERY.content({\"day\":\"13\",\"month\":\"5\",\"slug\":\"asana-partners-harvard-square\",\"year\":\"2020\"}).relContent.2.contributors.0": {
"name": "Simon J. Levien",
"url": "/writer/1215500/Simon_J._Levien/",
"__typename": "ContributorGQL"
},
"$ROOT_QUERY.content({\"day\":\"13\",\"month\":\"5\",\"slug\":\"asana-partners-harvard-square\",\"year\":\"2020\"}).relContent.3": {
"title": ""Diminishing Daily": Harvard Square Stores Shutter Due to Coronavirus Concerns",
"url": "/article/2020/3/20/coronavirus-harvard-square-closures/",
"contributors": [{
"type": "id",
"generated": true,
"id": "$ROOT_QUERY.content({\"day\":\"13\",\"month\":\"5\",\"slug\":\"asana-partners-harvard-square\",\"year\":\"2020\"}).relContent.3.contributors.0",
"typename": "ContributorGQL"
}],
"__typename": "ArticleGQL"
},
"$ROOT_QUERY.content({\"day\":\"13\",\"month\":\"5\",\"slug\":\"asana-partners-harvard-square\",\"year\":\"2020\"}).relContent.3.contributors.0": {
"name": "Taylor C. Peterman",
"url": "/writer/1215499/Taylor_C._Peterman/",
"__typename": "ContributorGQL"
},
"$ROOT_QUERY.content({\"day\":\"13\",\"month\":\"5\",\"slug\":\"asana-partners-harvard-square\",\"year\":\"2020\"}).relContent.4": {
"title": "'The Great Unknown': Cambridge Non-Essential Businesses Forced to Close",
"url": "/article/2020/3/25/harvard-coronavirus-square-businesses-close/",
"contributors": [{
"type": "id",
"generated": true,
"id": "$ROOT_QUERY.content({\"day\":\"13\",\"month\":\"5\",\"slug\":\"asana-partners-harvard-square\",\"year\":\"2020\"}).relContent.4.contributors.0",
"typename": "ContributorGQL"
}],
"__typename": "ArticleGQL"
},
"$ROOT_QUERY.content({\"day\":\"13\",\"month\":\"5\",\"slug\":\"asana-partners-harvard-square\",\"year\":\"2020\"}).relContent.4.contributors.0": {
"name": "Taylor C. Peterman",
"url": "/writer/1215499/Taylor_C._Peterman/",
"__typename": "ContributorGQL"
},
"$ROOT_QUERY.content({\"day\":\"13\",\"month\":\"5\",\"slug\":\"asana-partners-harvard-square\",\"year\":\"2020\"}).mainContent": {
"__typename": "ImageGQL",
"description": "",
"contributors": [{
"type": "id",
"generated": true,
"id": "$ROOT_QUERY.content({\"day\":\"13\",\"month\":\"5\",\"slug\":\"asana-partners-harvard-square\",\"year\":\"2020\"}).mainContent.contributors.0",
"typename": "ContributorGQL"
}],
"imgUrl({\"height\":2000,\"width\":2000})": "https://s3.amazonaws.com/thumbnails.thecrimson.com/photos/2020/05/13/005034_1344535.gif.2000x1000_q95_crop-smart_upscale.png"
},
"$ROOT_QUERY.content({\"day\":\"13\",\"month\":\"5\",\"slug\":\"asana-partners-harvard-square\",\"year\":\"2020\"}).mainContent.contributors.0": {
"name": "Camille G. Caldera",
"url": "/writer/1214695/Camille_G._Caldera/",
"__typename": "ContributorGQL"
},
"$ROOT_QUERY.content({\"day\":\"13\",\"month\":\"5\",\"slug\":\"asana-partners-harvard-square\",\"year\":\"2020\"}).shortcodes.0": {
"__typename": "ShortcodeImageGQL",
"key": "{shortcode-26caed0bed2b1b407c2f8eebf287e7d0ee304596}",
"byline": true,
"imageUrl": "https://s3.amazonaws.com/thumbnails.thecrimson.com/photos/2020/05/13/005034_1344535.gif.1500x750_q95_crop-smart_upscale.png",
"caption": null,
"contributors": [{
"type": "id",
"generated": true,
"id": "$ROOT_QUERY.content({\"day\":\"13\",\"month\":\"5\",\"slug\":\"asana-partners-harvard-square\",\"year\":\"2020\"}).shortcodes.0.contributors.0",
"typename": "ContributorGQL"
}],
"pos": "center",
"size": "large"
},
"$ROOT_QUERY.content({\"day\":\"13\",\"month\":\"5\",\"slug\":\"asana-partners-harvard-square\",\"year\":\"2020\"}).shortcodes.0.contributors.0": {
"name": "Camille G. Caldera",
"url": "/writer/1214695/Camille_G._Caldera/",
"__typename": "ContributorGQL"
},
"$ROOT_QUERY.content({\"day\":\"13\",\"month\":\"5\",\"slug\":\"asana-partners-harvard-square\",\"year\":\"2020\"}).prevArticle": {
"title": "In April, Theft Surged as Cambridge Residents Stayed at Home",
"url": "/article/2020/5/11/april-thefts-increase/",
"description": "Packages and bikes went missing in April as Cambridge residents stayed home.",
"__typename": "ArticleGQL"
},
"ROOT_QUERY": {
"content({\"day\":\"13\",\"month\":\"5\",\"slug\":\"asana-partners-harvard-square\",\"year\":\"2020\"})": {
"type": "id",
"generated": true,
"id": "$ROOT_QUERY.content({\"day\":\"13\",\"month\":\"5\",\"slug\":\"asana-partners-harvard-square\",\"year\":\"2020\"})",
"typename": "ArticleGQL"
}
}
}
</script>
<div id="root-content"><span></span></div><iframe style="display: none;"></iframe><iframe id="google_osd_static_frame_2305404099355" name="google_osd_static_frame" style="display: none; width: 0px; height: 0px;"></iframe></body>
</html>