[Scala] fory-scala 1.3.0-1.6.1 contains Java 25 bytecode and fails on JDK 21

[KarasevRob]

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• I had searched in the issues and found no similar issues.

Version

Fory Scala artifact:

• org.apache.fory:fory-scala_2.13:1.6.1
• OpenJDK: 21.0.12
• Scala: 2.13.15

Affected versions verified:

• 1.3.0
• 1.4.0
• 1.5.0
• 1.6.0
• 1.6.1

The last version verified to load successfully on JDK 21 is 1.2.0.

JDK 21 supports class-file versions up to 65, but the published Scala artifact contains Java 25 bytecode with class-file version 69

Component(s)

Scala

Minimal reproduce step

Create an SBT project with:

ThisBuild / scalaVersion := "2.13.15"

libraryDependencies +=
  "org.apache.fory" %% "fory-scala" % "1.6.1"

Then run:

import org.apache.fory.scala.ForyScala

object Reproducer extends App {
  ForyScala.builder()
    .withXlang(false)
    .build()
}

Using JDK 21:

sbt run

What did you expect to see?

fory-scala should initialize and run successfully on JDK 21 without UnsupportedClassVersionError, using bytecode compatible with the supported JDK versions

What did you see instead?

fory-scala fails during initialization on JDK 21 with UnsupportedClassVersionError because ScalaSerializers.class is compiled as Java 25 bytecode (class-file version 69), while JDK 21 supports up to version 65

Example:

Exception java.lang.UnsupportedClassVersionError: org/apache/fory/serializer/scala/ScalaSerializers has been compiled by a more recent version of the Java Runtime (class file version 69.0), this version of the Java Runtime only recognizes class file versions up to 65.0 [in thread "pool-1-thread-25"]

Root cause:
java.lang.ExceptionInInitializerError: Exception java.lang.UnsupportedClassVersionError: org/apache/fory/serializer/scala/ScalaSerializers has been compiled by a more recent version of the Java Runtime (class file version 69.0), this version of the Java Runtime only recognizes class file versions up to 65.0 [in thread "pool-1-thread-25"]
    at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)
    at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(Unknown Source)
    at java.base/java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(Unknown Source)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.BuiltinClassLoader.defineClass(Unknown Source)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.BuiltinClassLoader.findClassOnClassPathOrNull(Unknown Source)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.BuiltinClassLoader.loadClassOrNull(Unknown Source)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.BuiltinClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.ClassLoaders$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source)
    at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source)
    at org.apache.fory.scala.ForyScala$.install(ForyScala.scala:30)
    at org.apache.fory.Fory.register(Fory.java:232)
    at org.apache.fory.config.ForyBuilder.install(ForyBuilder.java:656)
    at org.apache.fory.config.ForyBuilder.newFory(ForyBuilder.java:786)
    at org.apache.fory.config.ForyBuilder.lambda$factory$0(ForyBuilder.java:867)
    at org.apache.fory.pool.ThreadPoolFory.lambda$new$0(ThreadPoolFory.java:64)
    at org.apache.fory.pool.ThreadPoolFory.(ThreadPoolFory.java:69)
    at org.apache.fory.config.ForyBuilder.buildThreadSafeForyPool(ForyBuilder.java:851)

Anything Else?

No response

Are you willing to submit a PR?

• I'm willing to submit a PR!