ipcalc: short, simple, useful
# $ ipcalc 192.168.0.2
Address: 192.168.0.2 11000000.10101000.00000000. 00000010
Netmask: 255.255.255.0 = 24 11111111.11111111.11111111. 00000000
Wildcard: 0.0.0.255 00000000.00000000.00000000. 11111111
=>
Network: 192.168.0.0/24 11000000.10101000.00000000. 00000000
HostMin: 192.168.0.1 11000000.10101000.00000000. 00000001
HostMax: 192.168.0.254 11000000.10101000.00000000. 11111110
Broadcast: 192.168.0.255 11000000.10101000.00000000. 11111111
Hosts/Net: 254 Class C, Private Internet
# $ ipcalc 192.168.0.2/255.255.255.128
Address: 192.168.0.2 11000000.10101000.00000000.0 0000010
Netmask: 255.255.255.128 = 25 11111111.11111111.11111111.1 0000000
Wildcard: 0.0.0.127 00000000.00000000.00000000.0 1111111
=>
Network: 192.168.0.0/25 11000000.10101000.00000000.0 0000000
HostMin: 192.168.0.1 11000000.10101000.00000000.0 0000001
HostMax: 192.168.0.126 11000000.10101000.00000000.0 1111110
Broadcast: 192.168.0.127 11000000.10101000.00000000.0 1111111
Hosts/Net: 126 Class C, Private Internet