diff --git a/kgcnn/literature/DimeNetPP/_make.py b/kgcnn/literature/DimeNetPP/_make.py
index 3b8fd094..f268cffa 100644
--- a/kgcnn/literature/DimeNetPP/_make.py
+++ b/kgcnn/literature/DimeNetPP/_make.py
@@ -238,7 +238,7 @@ def set_scale(*args, **kwargs):
 }
 
 
-@update_model_kwargs(model_default, update_recursive=0, deprecated=["input_embedding", "output_to_tensor"])
+@update_model_kwargs(model_crystal_default, update_recursive=0, deprecated=["input_embedding", "output_to_tensor"])
 def make_crystal_model(inputs: list = None,
                        input_tensor_type: str = None,
                        cast_disjoint_kwargs: dict = None,
diff --git a/kgcnn/literature/HDNNP2nd/_make.py b/kgcnn/literature/HDNNP2nd/_make.py
index c66a8b67..ccde9d26 100644
--- a/kgcnn/literature/HDNNP2nd/_make.py
+++ b/kgcnn/literature/HDNNP2nd/_make.py
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@
 }
 
 
-@update_model_kwargs(model_default_weighted)
+@update_model_kwargs(model_default_weighted, update_recursive=0, deprecated=["input_embedding", "output_to_tensor"])
 def make_model_weighted(inputs: list = None,
                         input_tensor_type: str = None,
                         cast_disjoint_kwargs: dict = None,
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ def set_scale(*args, **kwargs):
 }
 
 
-@update_model_kwargs(model_default_behler)
+@update_model_kwargs(model_default_behler, update_recursive=0, deprecated=["input_embedding", "output_to_tensor"])
 def make_model_behler(inputs: list = None,
                       input_tensor_type: str = None,
                       cast_disjoint_kwargs: dict = None,
@@ -339,7 +339,7 @@ def set_scale(*args, **kwargs):
 }
 
 
-@update_model_kwargs(model_default_atom_wise)
+@update_model_kwargs(model_default_atom_wise, update_recursive=0, deprecated=["input_embedding", "output_to_tensor"])
 def make_model_atom_wise(inputs: list = None,
                          input_tensor_type: str = None,
                          cast_disjoint_kwargs: dict = None,
diff --git a/kgcnn/literature/INorp/_make.py b/kgcnn/literature/INorp/_make.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7213646e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/kgcnn/literature/INorp/_make.py
@@ -0,0 +1,182 @@
+from ._model import model_disjoint
+from kgcnn.models.utils import update_model_kwargs
+from kgcnn.layers.scale import get as get_scaler
+from kgcnn.layers.modules import Input
+from keras.backend import backend as backend_to_use
+from kgcnn.models.casting import template_cast_list_input, template_cast_output
+from kgcnn.ops.activ import *
+
+# Keep track of model version from commit date in literature.
+# To be updated if model is changed in a significant way.
+__model_version__ = "2023-12-08"
+
+# Supported backends
+__kgcnn_model_backend_supported__ = ["tensorflow", "torch", "jax"]
+if backend_to_use() not in __kgcnn_model_backend_supported__:
+    raise NotImplementedError("Backend '%s' for model 'INorp' is not supported." % backend_to_use())
+
+# Implementation of INorp in `tf.keras` from paper:
+# 'Interaction Networks for Learning about Objects, Relations and Physics'
+# by Peter W. Battaglia, Razvan Pascanu, Matthew Lai, Danilo Rezende, Koray Kavukcuoglu
+# http://papers.nips.cc/paper/6417-interaction-networks-for-learning-about-objects-relations-and-physics
+# https://arxiv.org/abs/1612.00222
+# https://github.com/higgsfield/interaction_network_pytorch
+
+
+model_default = {
+    'name': "INorp",
+    'inputs': [
+        {'shape': (None,), 'name': "node_number", 'dtype': 'int64'},
+        {'shape': (None,), 'name': "edge_number", 'dtype': 'int64'},
+        {'shape': (None, 2), 'name': "edge_indices", 'dtype': 'int64'},
+        {'shape': (64, ), 'name': "graph_attributes", 'dtype': 'float32'},
+        {"shape": (), "name": "total_nodes", "dtype": "int64"},
+        {"shape": (), "name": "total_edges", "dtype": "int64"}
+    ],
+    'input_embedding': None,
+    "cast_disjoint_kwargs": {},
+    "input_node_embedding": {"input_dim": 95, "output_dim": 64},
+    "input_edge_embedding": {"input_dim": 5, "output_dim": 64},
+    "input_graph_embedding": {"input_dim": 100, "output_dim": 64},
+    "set2set_args": {
+        "channels": 32, "T": 3, "pooling_method": "mean",
+        "init_qstar": "mean"},
+    'node_mlp_args': {"units": [100, 50], "use_bias": True, "activation": ['relu', "linear"]},
+    'edge_mlp_args': {
+        "units": [100, 100, 100, 100, 50],
+        "activation": ['relu', 'relu', 'relu', 'relu', "linear"]},
+    'pooling_args': {'pooling_method': "mean"},
+    'depth': 3, 'use_set2set': False, 'verbose': 10,
+    'gather_args': {},
+    'output_embedding': 'graph',
+    "output_to_tensor": None,  # deprecated
+    "output_tensor_type": "padded",
+    'output_mlp': {
+        "use_bias": [True, True, False], "units": [25, 10, 1],
+        "activation": ['relu', 'relu', 'sigmoid']}
+}
+
+
+@update_model_kwargs(model_default, update_recursive=0, deprecated=["input_embedding", "output_to_tensor"])
+def make_model(inputs: list = None,
+               input_tensor_type: str = None,
+               cast_disjoint_kwargs: dict = None,
+               input_embedding: dict = None,  # noqa
+               input_node_embedding: dict = None,
+               input_edge_embedding: dict = None,
+               input_graph_embedding: dict = None,
+               depth: int = None,
+               gather_args: dict = None,
+               edge_mlp_args: dict = None,
+               node_mlp_args: dict = None,
+               set2set_args: dict = None,
+               pooling_args: dict = None,
+               use_set2set: dict = None,
+               name: str = None,
+               verbose: int = None,  # noqa
+               output_embedding: str = None,
+               output_to_tensor: bool = None,  # noqa
+               output_mlp: dict = None,
+               output_scaling: dict = None,
+               output_tensor_type: str = None
+               ):
+    r"""Make `INorp <https://arxiv.org/abs/1612.00222>`__ graph network via functional API.
+    Default parameters can be found in :obj:`kgcnn.literature.INorp.model_default` .
+
+    **Model inputs**:
+    Model uses the list template of inputs and standard output template.
+    The supported inputs are  :obj:`[nodes, edges, edge_indices, graph_state, ...]`
+    with '...' indicating mask or ID tensors following the template below.
+
+    %s
+
+    **Model outputs**:
+    The standard output template:
+
+    %s
+
+    Args:
+        inputs (list): List of dictionaries unpacked in :obj:`tf.keras.layers.Input`. Order must match model definition.
+        input_tensor_type (str): Input type of graph tensor. Default is "padded".
+        cast_disjoint_kwargs (dict): Dictionary of arguments for casting layer.
+        input_embedding (dict): Deprecated in favour of input_node_embedding etc.
+        input_node_embedding (dict): Dictionary of embedding arguments for nodes unpacked in :obj:`Embedding` layers.
+        input_edge_embedding (dict): Dictionary of embedding arguments for nodes unpacked in :obj:`Embedding` layers.
+        input_graph_embedding (dict): Dictionary of embedding arguments for graph unpacked in :obj:`Embedding` layers.
+        depth (int): Number of graph embedding units or depth of the network.
+        gather_args (dict): Dictionary of layer arguments unpacked in :obj:`GatherNodes` layer.
+        edge_mlp_args (dict): Dictionary of layer arguments unpacked in :obj:`MLP` layer for edge updates.
+        node_mlp_args (dict): Dictionary of layer arguments unpacked in :obj:`MLP` layer for node updates.
+        set2set_args (dict): Dictionary of layer arguments unpacked in :obj:`PoolingSet2SetEncoder` layer.
+        pooling_args (dict): Dictionary of layer arguments unpacked in :obj:`AggregateLocalEdges`, :obj:`PoolingNodes`
+            layer.
+        use_set2set (bool): Whether to use :obj:`PoolingSet2SetEncoder` layer.
+        verbose (int): Level of verbosity.
+        name (str): Name of the model.
+        output_embedding (str): Main embedding task for graph network. Either "node", "edge" or "graph".
+        output_scaling (dict): Dictionary of layer arguments unpacked in scaling layers. Default is None.
+        output_tensor_type (str): Output type of graph tensors such as nodes or edges. Default is "padded".
+        output_to_tensor (bool): Deprecated in favour of `output_tensor_type` .
+        output_mlp (dict): Dictionary of layer arguments unpacked in the final classification :obj:`MLP` layer block.
+            Defines number of model outputs and activation.
+
+    Returns:
+        :obj:`keras.models.Model`
+    """
+    # Make input
+    model_inputs = [Input(**x) for x in inputs]
+
+    di_inputs = template_cast_list_input(
+        model_inputs,
+        input_tensor_type=input_tensor_type,
+        cast_disjoint_kwargs=cast_disjoint_kwargs,
+        mask_assignment=[0, 1, 1],
+        index_assignment=[None, None, 0]
+    )
+
+    n, ed, disjoint_indices, gs, batch_id_node, batch_id_edge, node_id, edge_id, count_nodes, count_edges = di_inputs
+
+    # Wrapping disjoint model.
+    out = model_disjoint(
+        [n, ed, disjoint_indices, gs, batch_id_node, count_nodes],
+        use_node_embedding=("int" in inputs[0]['dtype']) if input_node_embedding is not None else False,
+        use_edge_embedding=("int" in inputs[1]['dtype']) if input_edge_embedding is not None else False,
+        use_graph_embedding=("int" in inputs[3]['dtype']) if input_graph_embedding is not None else False,
+        input_node_embedding=input_node_embedding,
+        input_edge_embedding=input_edge_embedding,
+        input_graph_embedding=input_graph_embedding,
+        gather_args=gather_args,
+        depth=depth,
+        edge_mlp_args=edge_mlp_args,
+        pooling_args=pooling_args,
+        node_mlp_args=node_mlp_args,
+        output_embedding=output_embedding,
+        use_set2set=use_set2set,
+        set2set_args=set2set_args,
+        output_mlp=output_mlp
+    )
+
+    if output_scaling is not None:
+        scaler = get_scaler(output_scaling["name"])(**output_scaling)
+        out = scaler(out)
+
+    # Output embedding choice
+    out = template_cast_output(
+        [out, batch_id_node, batch_id_edge, node_id, edge_id, count_nodes, count_edges],
+        output_embedding=output_embedding, output_tensor_type=output_tensor_type,
+        input_tensor_type=input_tensor_type, cast_disjoint_kwargs=cast_disjoint_kwargs,
+    )
+
+    model = ks.models.Model(inputs=model_inputs, outputs=out, name=name)
+    model.__kgcnn_model_version__ = __model_version__
+
+    if output_scaling is not None:
+        def set_scale(*args, **kwargs):
+            scaler.set_scale(*args, **kwargs)
+
+        setattr(model, "set_scale", set_scale)
+
+    return model
+
+
+make_model.__doc__ = make_model.__doc__ % (template_cast_list_input.__doc__, template_cast_output.__doc__)
diff --git a/kgcnn/literature/INorp/_model.py b/kgcnn/literature/INorp/_model.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..bde6df4c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/kgcnn/literature/INorp/_model.py
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+from kgcnn.layers.modules import Embedding
+from kgcnn.layers.gather import GatherState, GatherNodesIngoing, GatherNodesOutgoing
+from keras.layers import Concatenate, Dense, Flatten
+from kgcnn.layers.aggr import AggregateLocalEdges
+from kgcnn.layers.pooling import PoolingNodes
+from kgcnn.layers.set2set import PoolingSet2SetEncoder
+from kgcnn.layers.mlp import MLP, GraphMLP
+
+
+def model_disjoint(
+        inputs,
+        use_node_embedding,
+        use_edge_embedding,
+        use_graph_embedding,
+        input_node_embedding,
+        input_edge_embedding,
+        input_graph_embedding,
+        gather_args,
+        depth,
+        edge_mlp_args,
+        pooling_args,
+        node_mlp_args,
+        output_embedding,
+        use_set2set,
+        set2set_args,
+        output_mlp):
+    # Make input
+    n, ed, edi, uenv, batch_id_node, batch_id_edge, count_nodes, count_edges = inputs
+
+    if use_node_embedding:
+        n = Embedding(**input_node_embedding)(n)
+    if use_edge_embedding:
+        ed = Embedding(**input_edge_embedding)(ed)
+    if use_graph_embedding:
+        uenv = Embedding(**input_graph_embedding)(uenv)
+
+    # Model
+    ev = GatherState(**gather_args)([uenv, n])
+    # n-Layer Step
+    for i in range(0, depth):
+        # upd = GatherNodes()([n,edi])
+        eu1 = GatherNodesIngoing(**gather_args)([n, edi])
+        eu2 = GatherNodesOutgoing(**gather_args)([n, edi])
+        upd = Concatenate(axis=-1)([eu2, eu1])
+        eu = Concatenate(axis=-1)([upd, ed])
+
+        eu = GraphMLP(**edge_mlp_args)([eu, batch_id_edge, count_edges])
+        # Pool message
+        nu = AggregateLocalEdges(**pooling_args)([n, eu, edi])  # Summing for each node connection
+        # Add environment
+        nu = Concatenate(axis=-1)(
+            [n, nu, ev])  # LazyConcatenate node features with new edge updates
+        n = GraphMLP(**node_mlp_args)([nu, batch_id_node, count_nodes])
+
+    # Output embedding choice
+    if output_embedding == 'graph':
+        if use_set2set:
+            # output
+            n = Dense(set2set_args["channels"], activation="linear")(n)
+            out = PoolingSet2SetEncoder(**set2set_args)([count_nodes, n, batch_id_node])
+        else:
+            out = PoolingNodes(**pooling_args)([count_nodes, n, batch_id_node])
+        out = Flatten()(out)
+        out = MLP(**output_mlp)(out)
+    elif output_embedding == 'node':
+        out = GraphMLP(**output_mlp)([n, batch_id_node, count_nodes])
+    else:
+        raise ValueError("Unsupported output embedding for mode `INorp` .")
+
+    return out
diff --git a/kgcnn/literature/Megnet/_make.py b/kgcnn/literature/Megnet/_make.py
index d2708d8d..dd3e4f23 100644
--- a/kgcnn/literature/Megnet/_make.py
+++ b/kgcnn/literature/Megnet/_make.py
@@ -27,8 +27,7 @@
         {"shape": (None,), "name": "node_number", "dtype": "int64"},
         {"shape": (None, 3), "name": "node_coordinates", "dtype": "float32"},
         {"shape": (None, 2), "name": "edge_indices", "dtype": "int64"},
-        {'shape': [1], 'name': "charge", 'dtype': 'float32'},
-        {"shape": (), "name": "graph_number", "dtype": "int64"},
+        {'shape': [1], 'name': "charge", 'dtype': 'float32'}, # graph state
         {"shape": (), "name": "total_nodes", "dtype": "int64"},
         {"shape": (), "name": "total_edges", "dtype": "int64"}
     ],
@@ -225,7 +224,7 @@ def set_scale(*args, **kwargs):
 }
 
 
-@update_model_kwargs(model_default, update_recursive=0, deprecated=["input_embedding", "output_to_tensor"])
+@update_model_kwargs(model_crystal_default, update_recursive=0, deprecated=["input_embedding", "output_to_tensor"])
 def make_crystal_model(inputs: list = None,
                        input_tensor_type: str = None,
                        cast_disjoint_kwargs: dict = None,
diff --git a/kgcnn/literature/NMPN/_make.py b/kgcnn/literature/NMPN/_make.py
index b98e4e27..cff58b53 100644
--- a/kgcnn/literature/NMPN/_make.py
+++ b/kgcnn/literature/NMPN/_make.py
@@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ def set_scale(*args, **kwargs):
 }
 
 
-@update_model_kwargs(model_default, update_recursive=0, deprecated=["input_embedding", "output_to_tensor"])
+@update_model_kwargs(model_crystal_default, update_recursive=0, deprecated=["input_embedding", "output_to_tensor"])
 def make_crystal_model(inputs: list = None,
                        input_tensor_type: str = None,
                        cast_disjoint_kwargs: dict = None,
diff --git a/kgcnn/literature/PAiNN/_make.py b/kgcnn/literature/PAiNN/_make.py
index 56e68ce1..87e87d22 100644
--- a/kgcnn/literature/PAiNN/_make.py
+++ b/kgcnn/literature/PAiNN/_make.py
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ def set_scale(*args, **kwargs):
 }
 
 
-@update_model_kwargs(model_default, update_recursive=0, deprecated=["input_embedding", "output_to_tensor"])
+@update_model_kwargs(model_crystal_default, update_recursive=0, deprecated=["input_embedding", "output_to_tensor"])
 def make_crystal_model(inputs: list = None,
                        input_tensor_type: str = None,
                        input_embedding: dict = None,  # noqa
diff --git a/kgcnn/literature/Schnet/_make.py b/kgcnn/literature/Schnet/_make.py
index 3c19e1d7..a11d0e3d 100644
--- a/kgcnn/literature/Schnet/_make.py
+++ b/kgcnn/literature/Schnet/_make.py
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ def set_scale(*args, **kwargs):
 }
 
 
-@update_model_kwargs(model_default, update_recursive=0, deprecated=["input_embedding", "output_to_tensor"])
+@update_model_kwargs(model_crystal_default, update_recursive=0, deprecated=["input_embedding", "output_to_tensor"])
 def make_crystal_model(inputs: list = None,
                        input_tensor_type: str = None,
                        cast_disjoint_kwargs: dict = None,