diff --git a/courlan/network.py b/courlan/network.py
index b637ff5..a57e65f 100644
--- a/courlan/network.py
+++ b/courlan/network.py
@@ -3,47 +3,20 @@
 """
 
 import logging
+import ssl
 
-import urllib3
+from urllib import request
 
+import certifi
 
-LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
-urllib3.disable_warnings()
 
+CERTIFI_CONTEXT = ssl.create_default_context(cafile=certifi.where())
 
-RETRY_STRATEGY = urllib3.util.Retry(
-    total=2,
-    redirect=2,
-    raise_on_redirect=False,
-    status_forcelist=[
-        429,
-        499,
-        500,
-        502,
-        503,
-        504,
-        509,
-        520,
-        521,
-        522,
-        523,
-        524,
-        525,
-        526,
-        527,
-        530,
-        598,
-    ],  # unofficial: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#Unofficial_codes
-    backoff_factor=1,
-)
-HTTP_POOL = urllib3.PoolManager(
-    cert_reqs="CERT_NONE", num_pools=100, retries=RETRY_STRATEGY, timeout=10
-)
+LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 ACCEPTABLE_CODES = {200, 300, 301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 306, 307, 308}
 
 
-# Test redirects
 def redirection_test(url: str) -> str:
     """Test final URL to handle redirects
     Args:
@@ -55,17 +28,13 @@ def redirection_test(url: str) -> str:
     Raises:
         Nothing.
     """
-    # headers.update({
-    #    "User-Agent" : str(sample(settings.USER_AGENTS, 1)), # select a random user agent
-    # })
     try:
-        rhead = HTTP_POOL.request("HEAD", url)  # type:ignore[no-untyped-call]
+        req = request.Request(url, method="HEAD")
+        with request.urlopen(req, context=CERTIFI_CONTEXT) as f:
+            pass
+        if f.status in ACCEPTABLE_CODES:
+            return f.url
     except Exception as err:
-        LOGGER.exception("unknown error: %s %s", url, err)
-    else:
-        # response
-        if rhead.status in ACCEPTABLE_CODES:
-            LOGGER.debug("result found: %s %s", rhead.geturl(), rhead.status)
-            return rhead.geturl()  # type: ignore
-    # else:
-    raise ValueError(f"cannot reach URL: ${url}")
+        LOGGER.warning("unknown error: %s %s", url, err)
+
+    raise ValueError(f"cannot reach URL: {url}")
diff --git a/setup.py b/setup.py
index d7ff402..811099e 100644
--- a/setup.py
+++ b/setup.py
@@ -108,10 +108,9 @@ def get_long_description():
     python_requires=">=3.6",
     install_requires=[
         "babel >= 2.11.0",
+        "certifi",
         "tld == 0.12.6; python_version < '3.7'",
         "tld >= 0.13; python_version >= '3.7'",
-        "urllib3 >= 1.26, < 2; python_version < '3.7'",
-        "urllib3 >= 1.26, < 3; python_version >= '3.7'",
     ],
     # extras_require=extras,
     entry_points={
diff --git a/tests/unit_tests.py b/tests/unit_tests.py
index 307fa43..f5cce1a 100644
--- a/tests/unit_tests.py
+++ b/tests/unit_tests.py
@@ -743,11 +743,11 @@ def test_domain_filter():
 
 def test_urlcheck_redirects():
     "Test redirection checks."
-    assert check_url("https://www.httpbun.com/status/200", with_redirects=True) == (
-        "https://httpbun.com",
-        "httpbun.com",
+    assert check_url("https://www.httpbin.org/status/301", with_redirects=True) == (
+        "https://www.httpbin.org/get",
+        "httpbin.org",
     )
-    assert check_url("https://www.httpbin.org/status/404", with_redirects=True) is None
+    assert check_url("https://httpbun.com/status/404", with_redirects=True) is None
     assert check_url("https://www.ht.or", with_redirects=True) is None