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Anserini Regressions: MS MARCO Passage Ranking

Model: Cohere embed-english-v3.0 with HNSW quantized indexes (using pre-encoded queries)

This page describes regression experiments, integrated into Anserini's regression testing framework, using the Cohere embed-english-v3.0 model on the TREC 2019 Deep Learning Track passage ranking task.

In these experiments, we are using pre-encoded queries (i.e., cached results of query encoding).

The exact configurations for these regressions are stored in this YAML file. Note that this page is automatically generated from this template as part of Anserini's regression pipeline, so do not modify this page directly; modify the template instead and then run bin/build.sh to rebuild the documentation.

From one of our Waterloo servers (e.g., orca), the following command will perform the complete regression, end to end:

python src/main/python/run_regression.py --index --verify --search --regression dl19-passage.cohere-embed-english-v3.0.hnsw-int8

We make available a version of the MS MARCO Passage Corpus that has already been encoded with Cohere embed-english-v3.0.

From any machine, the following command will download the corpus and perform the complete regression, end to end:

python src/main/python/run_regression.py --download --index --verify --search --regression dl19-passage.cohere-embed-english-v3.0.hnsw-int8

The run_regression.py script automates the following steps, but if you want to perform each step manually, simply copy/paste from the commands below and you'll obtain the same regression results.

Corpus Download

Download the corpus and unpack into collections/:

wget https://rgw.cs.uwaterloo.ca/pyserini/data/msmarco-passage-cohere-embed-english-v3.0.tar -P collections/
tar xvf collections/msmarco-passage-cohere-embed-english-v3.0.tar -C collections/

To confirm, msmarco-passage-cohere-embed-english-v3.0.tar is 38 GB and has MD5 checksum 06a6e38a0522850c6aa504db7b2617f5. With the corpus downloaded, the following command will perform the remaining steps below:

python src/main/python/run_regression.py --index --verify --search --regression dl19-passage.cohere-embed-english-v3.0.hnsw-int8 \
  --corpus-path collections/msmarco-passage-cohere-embed-english-v3.0

Indexing

Sample indexing command, building HNSW indexes:

bin/run.sh io.anserini.index.IndexHnswDenseVectors \
  -collection JsonDenseVectorCollection \
  -input /path/to/msmarco-passage-cohere-embed-english-v3.0 \
  -generator HnswDenseVectorDocumentGenerator \
  -index indexes/lucene-hnsw-int8.msmarco-v1-passage.cohere-embed-english-v3.0/ \
  -threads 16 -M 16 -efC 100 -noMerge -quantize.int8 \
  >& logs/log.msmarco-passage-cohere-embed-english-v3.0 &

The path /path/to/msmarco-passage-cohere-embed-english-v3.0/ should point to the corpus downloaded above. Upon completion, we should have an index with 8,841,823 documents.

Note that here we are explicitly using Lucene's NoMergePolicy merge policy, which suppresses any merging of index segments. This is because merging index segments is a costly operation and not worthwhile given our query set.

Retrieval

Topics and qrels are stored here, which is linked to the Anserini repo as a submodule. The regression experiments here evaluate on the 43 topics for which NIST has provided judgments as part of the TREC 2019 Deep Learning Track. The original data can be found here.

After indexing has completed, you should be able to perform retrieval as follows using HNSW indexes:

bin/run.sh io.anserini.search.SearchHnswDenseVectors \
  -index indexes/lucene-hnsw-int8.msmarco-v1-passage.cohere-embed-english-v3.0/ \
  -topics tools/topics-and-qrels/topics.dl19-passage.cohere-embed-english-v3.0.jsonl.gz \
  -topicReader JsonIntVector \
  -output runs/run.msmarco-passage-cohere-embed-english-v3.0.cohere-embed-english-v3.0-cached_q.topics.dl19-passage.cohere-embed-english-v3.0.jsonl.txt \
  -generator VectorQueryGenerator -topicField vector -threads 16 -hits 1000 -efSearch 1000 &

Evaluation can be performed using trec_eval:

bin/trec_eval -m map -c -l 2 tools/topics-and-qrels/qrels.dl19-passage.txt runs/run.msmarco-passage-cohere-embed-english-v3.0.cohere-embed-english-v3.0-cached_q.topics.dl19-passage.cohere-embed-english-v3.0.jsonl.txt
bin/trec_eval -m ndcg_cut.10 -c tools/topics-and-qrels/qrels.dl19-passage.txt runs/run.msmarco-passage-cohere-embed-english-v3.0.cohere-embed-english-v3.0-cached_q.topics.dl19-passage.cohere-embed-english-v3.0.jsonl.txt
bin/trec_eval -m recall.100 -c -l 2 tools/topics-and-qrels/qrels.dl19-passage.txt runs/run.msmarco-passage-cohere-embed-english-v3.0.cohere-embed-english-v3.0-cached_q.topics.dl19-passage.cohere-embed-english-v3.0.jsonl.txt
bin/trec_eval -m recall.1000 -c -l 2 tools/topics-and-qrels/qrels.dl19-passage.txt runs/run.msmarco-passage-cohere-embed-english-v3.0.cohere-embed-english-v3.0-cached_q.topics.dl19-passage.cohere-embed-english-v3.0.jsonl.txt

Effectiveness

With the above commands, you should be able to reproduce the following results:

AP@1000 cohere-embed-english-v3.0
DL19 (Passage) 0.487
nDCG@10 cohere-embed-english-v3.0
DL19 (Passage) 0.690
R@100 cohere-embed-english-v3.0
DL19 (Passage) 0.647
R@1000 cohere-embed-english-v3.0
DL19 (Passage) 0.850

Note that due to the non-deterministic nature of HNSW indexing, results may differ slightly between each experimental run. Nevertheless, scores are generally within 0.005 of the reference values recorded in our YAML configuration file.

Reproduction Log*

To add to this reproduction log, modify this template and run bin/build.sh to rebuild the documentation.