parser_test.go

package metricsql

import (
	"testing"
)

func TestParseSuccess(t *testing.T) {
	another := func(s string, sExpected string) {
		t.Helper()

		e, err := Parse(s)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatalf("unexpected error when parsing %s: %s", s, err)
		}
		res := e.AppendString(nil)
		if string(res) != sExpected {
			t.Fatalf("unexpected string constructed;\ngot\n%s\nwant\n%s", res, sExpected)
		}
	}
	same := func(s string) {
		t.Helper()
		another(s, s)
	}

	// metricExpr
	same(`{}`)
	same(`{}[5m]`)
	same(`{}[5m:]`)
	same(`{}[:]`)
	another(`{}[: ]`, `{}[:]`)
	same(`{}[:3s]`)
	another(`{}[: 3s ]`, `{}[:3s]`)
	same(`{}[5m:3s]`)
	another(`{}[ 5m : 3s ]`, `{}[5m:3s]`)
	same(`{} offset 5m`)
	same(`{} offset -5m`)
	same(`{}[5m] offset 10y`)
	same(`{}[5.3m:3.4s] offset 10y`)
	same(`{}[:3.4s] offset 10y`)
	same(`{}[:3.4s] offset -10y`)
	same(`{Foo="bAR"}`)
	same(`{foo="bar"}`)
	another(`{"foo"="bar"}`, `{foo="bar"}`)
	another(`{"foo"="bAR"}`, `{foo="bAR"}`)
	another(`{"3foo"="bar"}`, `{\3foo="bar"}`)
	another(`{"'3foo'"="bar"}`, `{\'3foo\'="bar"}`)
	another(`{'温度{房间="水电费\xF3"}'="1"}[5m] offset 10m`, `{温度\{房间\=\"水电费ó\"\}="1"}[5m] offset 10m`)
	same(`{foo="bar"}[5m]`)
	another(`{"foo"="bar"}[5m]`, `{foo="bar"}[5m]`)
	same(`{foo="bar"}[5m:]`)
	another(`{"foo"="bar"}[5m:]`, `{foo="bar"}[5m:]`)
	same(`{foo="bar"}[5m:3s]`)
	another(`{"foo"="bar"}[5m:3s]`, `{foo="bar"}[5m:3s]`)
	same(`{foo="bar"} offset 13.4ms`)
	another(`{"foo"="bar"} offset 13.4ms`, `{foo="bar"} offset 13.4ms`)
	same(`{foo="bar"}[5w4h-3.4m13.4ms]`)
	another(`{"foo"="bar"}[5w4h-3.4m13.4ms]`, `{foo="bar"}[5w4h-3.4m13.4ms]`)
	same(`{foo="bar"} offset 10y`)
	another(`{"foo"="bar"} offset 10y`, `{foo="bar"} offset 10y`)
	same(`{foo="bar"} offset -10y`)
	another(`{"foo"="bar"} offset -10y`, `{foo="bar"} offset -10y`)
	same(`{foo="bar"}[5m] offset 10y`)
	another(`{"foo"="bar"}[5m] offset 10y`, `{foo="bar"}[5m] offset 10y`)
	same(`{foo="bar"}[5m:3s] offset 10y`)
	another(`{"foo"="bar"}[5m:3s] offset 10y`, `{foo="bar"}[5m:3s] offset 10y`)
	another(`{foo="bar"}[5m] oFFSEt 10y`, `{foo="bar"}[5m] offset 10y`)
	another(`{"foo"="bar"}[5m] oFFSEt 10y`, `{foo="bar"}[5m] offset 10y`)
	another(`{__name__="metric", a="1"}`, `metric{a="1"}`)
	another(`{"metric", a="1"}`, `metric{a="1"}`)
	another(`{"metric", "a"="1"}`, `metric{a="1"}`)
	same("METRIC")
	same("metric")
	another(`metric{"metric"}`, "metric")
	another(`metric{__name__="metric"}`, "metric")
	another(`{"metric"}`, `metric`)
	another(`{a="1",__name__="metric"}`, `metric{a="1"}`)
	another("metric{}", "metric")
	same("m_e:tri44:_c123")
	another(`{"m_e:tri44:_c123"}`, "m_e:tri44:_c123")
	another("-metric", "0 - metric")
	another(`-{"metric"}`, "0 - metric")
	same(`metric offset 10h`)
	another(`{"metric"} offset 10h`, `metric offset 10h`)
	same("metric[5m]")
	another(`{"metric"}[5m]`, "metric[5m]")
	same("metric[5m:3s]")
	another(`{"metric"}[5m:3s]`, "metric[5m:3s]")
	same("metric[5m] offset 10h")
	another(`{"metric"}[5m] offset 10h`, `metric[5m] offset 10h`)
	same("metric[5m:3s] offset 10h")
	another(`{"metric"}[5m:3s] offset 10h`, "metric[5m:3s] offset 10h")
	same("metric[5i:3i] offset 10i")
	another(`{"metric"}[5i:3i]`, "metric[5i:3i]")
	same(`metric{foo="bar"}`)
	another(`{"metric",foo="bar"}`, `metric{foo="bar"}`)
	another(`{"metric","foo"="bar"}`, `metric{foo="bar"}`)
	same(`metric{foo="bar"} offset 10h`)
	another(`{"metric",foo="bar"} offset 10h`, `metric{foo="bar"} offset 10h`)
	another(`{"metric","foo"="bar"} offset 10h`, `metric{foo="bar"} offset 10h`)
	same(`metric{foo!="bar"}[2d]`)
	another(`{"metric",foo!="bar"}[2d]`, `metric{foo!="bar"}[2d]`)
	another(`{"metric","foo"!="bar"}[2d]`, `metric{foo!="bar"}[2d]`)
	same(`metric{foo="bar"}[2d] offset 10h`)
	same(`metric{foo="bar",b="sdfsdf"}[2d:3h] offset 10h`)
	same(`metric{foo="bar",b="sdfsdf"}[2d:3h] offset 10`)
	same(`metric{foo="bar",b="sdfsdf"}[2d:3] offset 10h`)
	same(`metric{foo="bar",b="sdfsdf"}[2:3h] offset 10h`)
	same(`metric{foo="bar",b="sdfsdf"}[2.34:5.6] offset 3600.5`)
	same(`metric{foo="bar",b="sdfsdf"}[234:56] offset -3600`)
	another(`  metric  {  foo  = "bar"  }  [  2d ]   offset   10h  `, `metric{foo="bar"}[2d] offset 10h`)
	another(`  {  "metric",  foo  = "bar"  }  [  2d ]   offset   10h  `, `metric{foo="bar"}[2d] offset 10h`)

	// metricExpr with 'or'
	same(`metric{foo="bar" or baz="a"}`)
	another(`metric{"foo"="bar" or "baz"="a"}`, `metric{foo="bar" or baz="a"}`)
	another(`metric{"foo"="bar" or baz="a"}`, `metric{foo="bar" or baz="a"}`)
	another(`metric{foo="bar" or "baz"="a"}`, `metric{foo="bar" or baz="a"}`)
	another(`{"metric", foo="bar" or "baz"="a"}`, `metric{foo="bar" or baz="a"}`)
	same(`metric{foo="bar",x="y" or baz="a",z="q" or a="b"}`)
	another(`{"metric", "foo"="bar","x"="y" or "baz"="a","z"="q" or "a"="b"}`, `metric{foo="bar",x="y" or baz="a",z="q" or a="b"}`)
	another(`{"metric", foo="bar","x"="y" or baz="a","z"="q" or a="b"}`, `metric{foo="bar",x="y" or baz="a",z="q" or a="b"}`)
	same(`{foo="bar",x="y" or baz="a",z="q" or a="b"}`)
	another(`{"foo"="bar","x"="y" or "baz"="a","z"="q" or "a"="b"}`, `{foo="bar",x="y" or baz="a",z="q" or a="b"}`)
	another(`{"foo"="bar",x="y" or "baz"="a",z="q" or a="b"}`, `{foo="bar",x="y" or baz="a",z="q" or a="b"}`)
	another(`metric{foo="bar" OR baz="a"}`, `metric{foo="bar" or baz="a"}`)
	another(`{foo="bar" OR baz="a"}`, `{foo="bar" or baz="a"}`)

	another(`{__name__="a",bar="baz" or __name__="a"}`, `a{bar="baz"}`)
	another(`{__name__="a",bar="baz" or __name__="a" or __name__="a"}`, `a{bar="baz"}`)
	another(`{__name__="a",bar="baz" or __name__="a",bar="abc"}`, `a{bar="baz" or bar="abc"}`)
	another(`{__name__="a" or __name__="a",bar="abc",x!="y"}`, `a{bar="abc",x!="y"}`)

	// @ modifier
	// See https://prometheus.io/docs/prometheus/latest/querying/basics/#modifier
	same(`foo @ 123.45`)
	same(`foo\@ @ 123.45`)
	same(`{foo=~"bar"} @ end()`)
	same(`foo{bar="baz"} @ start()`)
	same(`foo{bar="baz"}[5m] @ 12345`)
	same(`foo{bar="baz"}[5m:4s] offset 5m @ (end() - 3.5m)`)
	another(`foo{bar="baz"}[5m:4s] @ (end() - 3.5m) offset 2.4h`, `foo{bar="baz"}[5m:4s] offset 2.4h @ (end() - 3.5m)`)
	another(`foo @ start() + (bar offset 3m @ end()) / baz OFFSET -5m`, `(foo @ start()) + ((bar offset 3m @ end()) / (baz offset -5m))`)
	another(`sum(foo) @ start() + rate(bar @ (end() - 5m))`, `(sum(foo) @ start()) + rate(bar @ (end() - 5m))`)
	another(`time() @ (start())`, `time() @ start()`)
	another(`time() @ (start()+(1+1))`, `time() @ (start() + 2)`)
	same(`time() @ (end() - 10m)`)
	another(`a + b offset 5m @ 1235`, `a + (b offset 5m @ 1235)`)
	another(`a + b @ 1235 offset 5m`, `a + (b offset 5m @ 1235)`)

	// metric name matching keywords
	same("rate")
	same("RATE")
	same("by")
	same("BY")
	same("bool")
	same("BOOL")
	same("unless")
	same("UNLESS")
	same("Ignoring")
	same("with")
	same("WITH")
	same("With")
	same("with / by")
	same("offset")
	same("keep_metric_names")
	same("alias")
	same(`alias{foo="bar"}`)
	same(`aLIas{alias="aa"}`)
	same("or")
	another(`al\ias`, `alias`)

	// identifiers with with escape chars
	same(`foo\ bar`)
	same(`foo\-bar\{{baz\+bar="aa"}`)
	another(`\x2E\x2ef\oo{b\xEF\ar="aa"}`, `\..foo{bïar="aa"}`)
	same(`温度{房间="水电费"}[5m] offset 10m`)
	another(`\温\度{\房\间="水电费"}[5m] offset 10m`, `温度{房间="水电费"}[5m] offset 10m`)
	same(`sum(fo\|o) by(b\|a,x)`)
	another(`sum(x) by (b\x7Ca)`, `sum(x) by(b\|a)`)

	// Duplicate filters
	same(`foo{a="b",a="c",b="d"}`)
	same(`{a="b",a="c",b="d"}`)

	// Metric filters ending with comma
	another(`m{foo="bar",}`, `m{foo="bar"}`)

	// String concat in tag value
	another(`m{foo="bar" + "baz"}`, `m{foo="barbaz"}`)

	// Valid regexp
	same(`foo{bar=~"x"}`)
	same(`foo{bar=~"^x"}`)
	same(`foo{bar=~"^x$"}`)
	same(`foo{bar=~"^(a[bc]|d)$"}`)
	same(`foo{bar!~"x"}`)
	same(`foo{bar!~"^x"}`)
	same(`foo{bar!~"^x$"}`)
	same(`foo{bar!~"^(a[bc]|d)$"}`)

	// stringExpr
	same(`""`)
	same(`"\n\t\r 12:{}[]()44"`)
	another(`''`, `""`)
	another("``", `""`)
	another("   `foo\"b'ar`  ", "\"foo\\\"b'ar\"")
	another(`  'foo\'bar"BAZ'  `, `"foo'bar\"BAZ"`)

	// string concat
	another(`"foo"+'bar'`, `"foobar"`)
	another(`("foo" + "bar")`, `"foobar"`)
	another(`(("foo")+"bar")+"baz"`, `"foobarbaz"`)

	// numberExpr
	same(`1`)
	same(`123.`)
	same(`1_234`)
	same(`1_2_34.56_78_9`)
	another(`-123.`, `-123`)
	same(`foo - 123.`)
	same(`12.e+4`)
	same(`12Ki`)
	same(`12Kib`)
	same(`12Mi`)
	same(`12Mb`)
	same(`12MB`)
	same(`(rate(foo)[5m] * 8) > 45Mi`)
	same(`(rate(foo)[5m] * 8) > 45mi`)
	same(`(rate(foo)[5m] * 8) > 45mI`)
	same(`(rate(foo)[5m] * 8) > 45Mib`)
	same(`1.23Gb`)
	same(`foo - 23M`)
	another(`-1.23Gb`, `-1.23e+09`)
	same(`1.23`)
	same(`0.23`)
	same(`1.2e+45`)
	same(`1.2e-45`)
	same(`-1`)
	same(`-1.23`)
	same(`-0.23`)
	same(`-1.2e+45`)
	same(`-1.2e-45`)
	same(`-1.2e-45`)
	same(`12.5E34`)
	another(`-.2`, `-0.2`)
	another(`-.2E-2`, `-0.002`)
	same(`NaN`)
	same(`nan`)
	same(`NAN`)
	same(`nAN`)
	same(`Inf`)
	same(`INF`)
	same(`inf`)
	another(`+Inf`, `Inf`)
	same(`-Inf`)
	another(`-inF`, `-Inf`)
	same(`0x12`)
	same(`0x3b`)
	another(`-0x3b`, `-59`)
	another(`+0X3B`, `0X3B`)
	same(`0b1011`)
	same(`073`)
	another(`-0o12`, `-10`)

	// durationExpr
	same(`1h`)
	another(`-1h`, `0 - 1h`)
	same(`0.34h4m5s`)
	same(`0.34H4m5S`)
	another(`-0.34h4m5s`, `0 - 0.34h4m5s`)
	same(`sum_over_time(m[1h]) / 1h`)
	same(`sum_over_time(m[3600]) / 3600`)

	// binaryOpExpr
	another(`nan == nan`, `NaN`)
	another(`nan ==bool nan`, `1`)
	another(`nan !=bool nan`, `0`)
	another(`nan !=bool 2`, `1`)
	another(`2 !=bool nan`, `1`)
	another(`nan >bool nan`, `0`)
	another(`nan <bool nan`, `0`)
	another(`1 ==bool nan`, `0`)
	another(`NaN !=bool 1`, `1`)
	another(`inf >=bool 2`, `1`)
	another(`-1 >bool -inf`, `1`)
	another(`-1 <bool -inf`, `0`)
	another(`nan + 2 *3 * inf`, `NaN`)
	another(`INF - Inf`, `NaN`)
	another(`Inf + inf`, `+Inf`)
	another(`1/0`, `+Inf`)
	another(`0/0`, `NaN`)
	another(`-m`, `0 - m`)
	same(`m + ignoring() n[5m]`)
	another(`M + IGNORING () N[5m]`, `M + ignoring() N[5m]`)
	same(`m + on(foo) n[5m]`)
	another(`m + ON (Foo) n[5m]`, `m + on(Foo) n[5m]`)
	same(`m + ignoring(a,b) n[5m]`)
	another(`1 or 2`, `1`)
	another(`1 or NaN`, `1`)
	another(`NaN or 1`, `1`)
	another(`(1 > 0) or 2`, `1`)
	another(`(1 < 0) or 2`, `2`)
	another(`(1 < 0) or (2 < 0)`, `NaN`)
	another(`NaN or NaN`, `NaN`)
	another(`1 and 2`, `1`)
	another(`1 and (1 > 0)`, `1`)
	another(`1 and (1 < 0)`, `NaN`)
	another(`1 and NaN`, `NaN`)
	another(`1 unless 2`, `NaN`)
	another(`1 default 2`, `1`)
	another(`1 default NaN`, `1`)
	another(`NaN default 2`, `2`)
	another(`1 > 2`, `NaN`)
	another(`1 > bool 2`, `0`)
	another(`3 >= 2`, `3`)
	another(`3 <= bool 2`, `0`)
	another(`1 + -2 - 3`, `-4`)
	another(`1 / 0 + 2`, `+Inf`)
	another(`2 + -1 / 0`, `-Inf`)
	another(`(-1) ^ 0.5`, `NaN`)
	another(`-1 ^ 0.5`, `-1`)
	another(`512.5 - (1 + 3) * (2 ^ 2) ^ 3`, `256.5`)
	another(`1 == bool 1 != bool 24 < bool 4 > bool -1`, `1`)
	another(`1 == bOOl 1 != BOOL 24 < Bool 4 > booL -1`, `1`)
	another(`m1+on(foo)group_left m2`, `m1 + on(foo) group_left() m2`)
	another(`M1+ON(FOO)GROUP_left M2`, `M1 + on(FOO) group_left() M2`)
	same(`m1 + on(foo) group_right() m2`)
	same(`m1 + on(foo,bar) group_right(x,y) m2`)
	another(`m1 + on (foo, bar,) group_right (x, y,) m2`, `m1 + on(foo,bar) group_right(x,y) m2`)
	same(`m1 ==bool on(foo,bar) group_right(x,y) m2`)
	same(`a + on() group_left(*) b`)
	same(`a + on() group_right(*) b`)
	same(`a + on() group_left(*) prefix "foo" b`)
	another(`a + group_left`, `a + (group_left)`)
	another(`a + group_left / b`, `a + (group_left / b)`)
	same(`a + on(x) (group_left)`)
	same(`a + on(x) group_left() (prefix)`)
	another(`a + oN() gROUp_rigHt(*) PREfix "bar" b`, `a + on() group_right(*) prefix "bar" b`)
	same(`a + on(a) group_left(x,y) prefix "foo" b`)
	same(`a + on(a,b) group_right(z) prefix "bar" b`)
	another(`5 - 1 + 3 * 2 ^ 2 ^ 3 - 2  OR Metric {Bar= "Baz", aaa!="bb",cc=~"dd" ,zz !~"ff" } `,
		`770 or Metric{Bar="Baz",aaa!="bb",cc=~"dd",zz!~"ff"}`)

	same(`"foo" + bar{x="y"}`)
	same(`("foo"[3s] + bar{x="y"})[5m:3s] offset 10s`)
	same(`("foo"[3s] + bar{x="y"})[5i:3i] offset 10i`)
	another(`bar + "foo" offset 3s`, `bar + ("foo" offset 3s)`)
	another(`bar + "foo" offset 3i`, `bar + ("foo" offset 3i)`)
	another(`1+2 if 2>3`, `NaN`)
	another(`1+4 if 2<3`, `5`)
	another(`2+6 default 3 if 2>3`, `8`)
	another(`2+6 if 2>3 default NaN`, `NaN`)
	another(`42 if 3>2 if 2+2<5`, `42`)
	another(`42 if 3>2 if 2+2>=5`, `NaN`)
	another(`1+2 ifnot 2>3`, `3`)
	another(`1+4 ifnot 2<3`, `NaN`)
	another(`2+6 default 3 ifnot 2>3`, `8`)
	another(`2+6 ifnot 2>3 default NaN`, `8`)
	another(`42 if 3>2 ifnot 2+2<5`, `NaN`)
	another(`42 if 3>2 ifnot 2+2>=5`, `42`)
	another(`"foo" + "bar"`, `"foobar"`)
	another(`"foo"=="bar"`, `NaN`)
	another(`"foo"=="foo"`, `1`)
	another(`"foo"!="bar"`, `1`)
	another(`"foo"+"bar"+"baz"`, `"foobarbaz"`)
	another(`"a">"b"`, `NaN`)
	another(`"a">bool"b"`, `0`)
	another(`"a"<"b"`, `1`)
	another(`"a">="b"`, `NaN`)
	another(`"a">=bool"b"`, `0`)
	another(`"a"<="b"`, `1`)
	same(`"a" - "b"`)
	another(`x / a keep_metric_names`, `(x / a) keep_metric_names`)
	same(`(a + b) keep_metric_names`)
	another(`((a) + (b)) keep_metric_names`, `(a + b) keep_metric_names`)
	another(`a + on(x) group_left(y) b offset 5m @ 1235 keep_metric_names`, `(a + on(x) group_left(y) (b offset 5m @ 1235)) keep_metric_names`)
	another(`(a + on(x) group_left(y) b offset 5m keep_metric_names) @ 1235`, `((a + on(x) group_left(y) (b offset 5m)) keep_metric_names) @ 1235`)
	another(`(a + on(x) group_left(y) b keep_metric_names) offset 5m @ 1235`, `((a + on(x) group_left(y) b) keep_metric_names) offset 5m @ 1235`)
	another(`(a + on (x) group_left (y) b keep_metric_names) @ 1235 offset 5m`, `((a + on(x) group_left(y) b) keep_metric_names) offset 5m @ 1235`)
	another(`rate(x) keep_metric_names + (abs(y) keep_metric_names) keep_metric_names`, `(rate(x) keep_metric_names + (abs(y) keep_metric_names)) keep_metric_names`)
	same(`a + (rate(b) keep_metric_names)`)

	// binaryOp with reserved names
	same(`a + (on)`)
	same(`a + (on + c)`)
	same(`a + (GROUP_LEFT)`)
	same(`a + (bool)`)
	another(`a + (sum(1, 2))`, `a + sum(1, 2)`)
	same(`without + (ignoring{x="y"})`)
	another(`a + (GROUP_LEFT) / b`, `a + (GROUP_LEFT / b)`)
	same(`by + without`)
	same(`group_left / (on)`)
	another(`group_left / (sum(1, 2))`, `group_left / sum(1, 2)`)

	// parensExpr
	another(`(-foo + ((bar) / (baz))) + ((23))`, `((0 - foo) + (bar / baz)) + 23`)
	another(`(FOO + ((Bar) / (baZ))) + ((23))`, `(FOO + (Bar / baZ)) + 23`)
	same(`(foo, bar)`)
	another(`((foo, bar),(baz))`, `((foo, bar), baz)`)
	same(`(foo, (bar, baz), ((x, y), (z, y), xx))`)
	another(`1+(foo, bar,)`, `1 + (foo, bar)`)
	another(`((avg(bar,baz)), (1+(2)+(3,4)+()))`, `(avg(bar, baz), (3 + (3, 4)) + ())`)
	same(`()`)

	// funcExpr
	same(`sum()`)
	another(`sum(x,)`, `sum(x)`)
	another(`-sum()-AVG_over_time()`, `(0 - sum()) - AVG_over_time()`)
	another(`SUM()`, `sum()`)
	another(`+SUM()`, `sum()`)
	another(`++SUM()`, `sum()`)
	another(`--SUM()`, `0 - (0 - sum())`)
	same(`rate(http_server_request)`)
	same(`rate(http_server_request)[4s:5m] offset 10m`)
	same(`rate(http_server_request)[4i:5i] offset 10i`)
	another(`SUM(HttpServerRequest)`, `sum(HttpServerRequest)`)
	same(`outliersk(job, foo)`)
	same(`outliersk(Job, Foo)`)

	another(` SUM (bar) + rate  (  avg  (  ),sum(1 + (  2.5)) ,M[5m ]  , "ff"  )`, `sum(bar) + rate(avg(), sum(3.5), M[5m], "ff")`)
	same(`rate(foo[5m]) keep_metric_names`)
	another(`log2(foo) KEEP_metric_names + 1 / increase(bar[5m]) keep_metric_names offset 1h @ 435`,
		`log2(foo) keep_metric_names + (1 / (increase(bar[5m]) keep_metric_names offset 1h @ 435))`)

	// embedded funcName
	same(`rate(rate(m))`)
	same(`rate(rate(m[5m]))`)
	same(`rate(rate(m[5m])[1h:])`)
	same(`rate(rate(m[5m])[1h:3s])`)

	// funcName with escape chars
	another(`r\a\te(m[5m])`, `rate(m[5m])`)

	// aggrFuncExpr
	same(`sum(http_server_request) by()`)
	same(`sum(http_server_request) by(job)`)
	same(`sum(http_server_request) without(job,foo)`)
	another(`sum(x,y,) without (a,b,)`, `sum(x, y) without(a,b)`)
	another(`sum by () (xx)`, `sum(xx) by()`)
	another(`sum by (s) (xx)[5s]`, `(sum(xx) by(s))[5s]`)
	another(`SUM BY (ZZ, aa) (XX)`, `sum(XX) by(ZZ,aa)`)
	another(`sum without (a, b) (xx,2+2)`, `sum(xx, 4) without(a,b)`)
	another(`Sum WIthout (a, B) (XX,2+2)`, `sum(XX, 4) without(a,B)`)
	same(`sum(a) or sum(b)`)
	same(`sum(a) by() or sum(b) without(x,y)`)
	same(`sum(a) + sum(b)`)
	same(`sum(x) * (1 + sum(a))`)
	same(`avg(x) limit 10`)
	same(`avg(x) without(z,b) limit 1`)
	another(`avg by(x) (z) limit 20`, `avg(z) by(x) limit 20`)

	// All the above
	another(`Sum(timestamp(M) * M{X=""}[5m] Offset 7m - 123, 35) BY (X, y) * LAG("Test")`,
		`sum((timestamp(M) * (M{X=""}[5m] offset 7m)) - 123, 35) by(X,y) * LAG("Test")`)
	another(`# comment
		Sum(Timestamp(M) * M{X=""}[5m] Offset 7m - 123, 35) BY (X, y) # yet another comment
		* LAG("Test")`,
		`sum((Timestamp(M) * (M{X=""}[5m] offset 7m)) - 123, 35) by(X,y) * LAG("Test")`)

	// withExpr
	another(`with () x`, `x`)
	another(`with (x=1,) x`, `1`)
	another(`with (x = m offset 5h) x + x`, `(m offset 5h) + (m offset 5h)`)
	another(`with (x = m offset 5i) x + x`, `(m offset 5i) + (m offset 5i)`)
	another(`with (foo = bar{x="x"}) 1`, `1`)
	another(`with (foo = bar{x="x"}) "x"`, `"x"`)
	another(`with (f="x") f`, `"x"`)
	another(`with (foo = bar{x="x"}) x{x="y"}`, `x{x="y"}`)
	another(`with (foo = bar{x="x"}) 1+1`, `2`)
	another(`with (foo = bar{x="x"}) time()`, `time()`)
	another(`with (foo = bar{x="x"}) sum(x)`, `sum(x)`)
	another(`with (foo = bar{x="x"}) baz{foo="bar"}`, `baz{foo="bar"}`)
	another(`with (foo = bar) baz`, `baz`)
	another(`with (foo = bar) foo + foo{a="b"}`, `bar + bar{a="b"}`)
	another(`with (foo = bar, bar=baz + f()) test`, `test`)
	another(`with (ct={job="test"}) a{ct} + ct() + ceil({ct="x"})`, `(a{job="test"} + {job="test"}) + ceil({ct="x"})`)
	another(`with (ct={job="test", i="bar"}) ct + {ct, x="d"} + foo{ct, ct} + count(1)`,
		`(({job="test",i="bar"} + {job="test",i="bar",x="d"}) + foo{job="test",i="bar"}) + count(1)`)
	another(`with (foo = bar) {__name__=~"foo"}`, `{__name__=~"foo"}`)
	another(`with (foo = bar) foo{__name__="foo"}`, `bar`)
	another(`with (foo = bar) {__name__="foo", x="y"}`, `bar{x="y"}`)
	another(`with (foo(bar) = {__name__!="bar"}) foo(x)`, `{__name__!="bar"}`)
	another(`with (foo(bar) = bar{__name__="bar"}) foo(x)`, `x`)
	another(`with (foo\-bar(baz) = baz + baz) foo\-bar((x,y))`, `(x, y) + (x, y)`)
	another(`with (foo\-bar(baz) = baz + baz) foo\-bar(x*y)`, `(x * y) + (x * y)`)
	another(`with (foo\-bar(baz) = baz + baz) foo\-bar(x\*y)`, `x\*y + x\*y`)
	another(`with (foo\-bar(b\ az) = b\ az + b\ az) foo\-bar(x\*y)`, `x\*y + x\*y`)

	// withExpr and durations
	another(`with (w=5m) w + m[w] offset w`, `5m + (m[5m] offset 5m)`)
	another(`with (f() = 5m + rate(m{x="a"}[5m:1h] offset 1h)) f()`, `5m + rate(m{x="a"}[5m:1h] offset 1h)`)
	another(`with (f(w1, w2) = w1 + rate(m{x="a"}[w1:w2] offset w2)) f(5m, 1h)`, `5m + rate(m{x="a"}[5m:1h] offset 1h)`)
	another(`with (f(w) = m[w], f2(x) = f(x) / x) f2(5m)`, `m[5m] / 5m`)
	another(`with (f(w) = m[w:w], f2(x) = f(x) / x) f2(5i)`, `m[5i:5i] / 5i`)
	another(`with (f(w,w1) = m[w:w1], f2(x) = f(x, 23.34) / x) f2(123.456)`, `m[123.456:23.34] / 123.456`)

	// withExpr and 'or' filters
	another(`with (x={a="b"}) x{c="d" or q="w",r="t"}`, `{a="b",c="d" or a="b",q="w",r="t"}`)
	another(`with (x={a="b"}) foo{x,bar="baz" or c="d",x}`, `foo{a="b",bar="baz" or c="d",a="b"}`)
	another(`with (x={a="b"}) foo{x,bar="baz",x or c="d"}`, `foo{a="b",bar="baz" or c="d"}`)
	another(`with (x={a="b"}) foo{bar="baz",x or c="d"}`, `foo{bar="baz",a="b" or c="d"}`)
	another(`with (x={a="b",c="d"}) {bar="baz",x or x,c="d",x}`, `{bar="baz",a="b",c="d" or a="b",c="d"}`)
	another(`with (x={a="b" or c="d"}) x / x{e="f"}`, `{a="b" or c="d"} / {a="b",e="f" or c="d",e="f"}`)

	// withExpr and group_left()/group_right() prefix
	another(`with (f(x)=a + on() group_left(a,b) prefix x b) f("bar")`, `a + on() group_left(a,b) prefix "bar" b`)
	another(`with (f(x)=a + on() group_left(a,b) prefix x+"foo" b) f("bar")`, `a + on() group_left(a,b) prefix "barfoo" b`)
	another(`with (f(x)=a + on() group_left(a,b) prefix "foo"+x b) f("bar")`, `a + on() group_left(a,b) prefix "foobar" b`)
	another(`with (f(x)=a + on() group_left(a,b) prefix "foo"+x+"baz" b) f("bar")`, `a + on() group_left(a,b) prefix "foobarbaz" b`)

	// override ttf with something new
	another(`with (ttf = a) ttf + b`, `a + b`)

	// override ttf with ru
	another(`with (ttf = ru(m, n)) ttf`, `(clamp_min(n - clamp_min(m, 0), 0) / clamp_min(n, 0)) * 100`)

	// Verify withExpr recursion and forward reference
	another(`with (x = x+y, y = x+x) y ^ 2`, `((x + y) + (x + y)) ^ 2`)
	another(`with (f1(x)=ceil(x), ceil(x)=f1(x)^2) f1(foobar)`, `ceil(foobar)`)
	another(`with (f1(x)=ceil(x), ceil(x)=f1(x)^2) ceil(foobar)`, `ceil(foobar) ^ 2`)

	// Verify withExpr funcs
	another(`with (x() = y+1) x`, `y + 1`)
	another(`with (x(foo) = foo+1) x(a)`, `a + 1`)
	another(`with (x(a, b) = a + b) x(foo, bar)`, `foo + bar`)
	another(`with (x(a, b) = a + b) x(foo, x(1, 2))`, `foo + 3`)
	another(`with (x(a) = sum(a) by (b)) x(xx) / x(y)`, `sum(xx) by(b) / sum(y) by(b)`)
	another(`with (f(a,f,x)=clamp(x,f,a)) f(f(x,y,z),1,2)`, `clamp(2, 1, clamp(z, y, x))`)
	another(`with (f(x)=1+sum(x)) f(foo{bar="baz"})`, `1 + sum(foo{bar="baz"})`)
	another(`with (a=foo, y=bar, f(a)= a+a+y) f(x)`, `(x + x) + bar`)
	another(`with (f(a, b) = m{a, b}) f({a="x", b="y"}, {c="d"})`, `m{a="x",b="y",c="d"}`)
	another(`with (xx={a="x"}, f(a, b) = m{a, b}) f({xx, b="y"}, {c="d"})`, `m{a="x",b="y",c="d"}`)
	another(`with (x() = {b="c"}) foo{x}`, `foo{b="c"}`)
	another(`with (f(x)=x{foo="bar"} offset 5m) f(m offset 10m)`, `(m{foo="bar"} offset 10m) offset 5m`)
	another(`with (f(x)=x{foo="bar",bas="a"}[5m]) f(m[10m] offset 3s)`, `(m{foo="bar",bas="a"}[10m] offset 3s)[5m]`)
	another(`with (f(x)=x{foo="bar"}[5m] offset 10m) f(m{x="y"})`, `m{x="y",foo="bar"}[5m] offset 10m`)
	another(`with (f(x)=x{foo="bar"}[5m] offset 10m) f({x="y", foo="bar", foo="bar"})`, `{x="y",foo="bar"}[5m] offset 10m`)
	another(`with (f(m, x)=m{x}[5m] offset 10m) f(foo, {})`, `foo[5m] offset 10m`)
	another(`with (f(m, x)=m{x, bar="baz"}[5m] offset 10m) f(foo, {})`, `foo{bar="baz"}[5m] offset 10m`)
	another(`with (f(x)=x[5m] offset 3s) f(foo[3m]+bar)`, `(foo[3m] + bar)[5m] offset 3s`)
	another(`with (f(x)=x[5m:3s] oFFsEt 1.5m) f(sum(s) by (a,b))`, `(sum(s) by(a,b))[5m:3s] offset 1.5m`)
	another(`with (x="a", y=x) y+"bc"`, `"abc"`)
	another(`with (x="a", y="b"+x) "we"+y+"z"+count()`, `"webaz" + count()`)
	another(`with (f(x) = m{foo=x+"y", bar="y"+x, baz=x} + x) f("qwe")`, `m{foo="qwey",bar="yqwe",baz="qwe"} + "qwe"`)
	another(`with (f(a)=a) f`, `f`)
	another(`with (f\q(a)=a) f\q`, `fq`)

	// Verify withExpr for aggr func modifiers
	another(`with (f(x) = x, y = sum(m) by (f)) y`, `sum(m) by(f)`)
	another(`with (f(x) = x, y = sum(m) by (f) limit 20) y`, `sum(m) by(f) limit 20`)
	another(`with (f(x) = sum(m) by (x)) f(foo)`, `sum(m) by(foo)`)
	another(`with (f(x) = sum(m) by (x) limit 42) f(foo)`, `sum(m) by(foo) limit 42`)
	another(`with (f(x) = sum(m) by (x)) f((foo, bar, foo))`, `sum(m) by(foo,bar)`)
	another(`with (f(x) = sum(m) without (x,y)) f((a, b))`, `sum(m) without(a,b,y)`)
	another(`with (f(x) = sum(m) without (y,x)) f((a, y))`, `sum(m) without(y,a)`)
	another(`with (f(x,y) = a + on (x,y) group_left (y,bar) b) f(foo,())`, `a + on(foo) group_left(bar) b`)
	another(`with (f(x,y) = a + on (x,y) group_left (y,bar) b) f((foo),())`, `a + on(foo) group_left(bar) b`)
	another(`with (f(x,y) = a + on (x,y) group_left (y,bar) b) f((foo,xx),())`, `a + on(foo,xx) group_left(bar) b`)

	// withExpr for group_left() / group_right() prefix
	another(`with (f(x) = a+on() group_left() prefix x b) f("foo")`, `a + on() group_left() prefix "foo" b`)
	another(`with (f(x) = a+on() group_left() prefix x+"bar" b) f("foo")`, `a + on() group_left() prefix "foobar" b`)
	another(`with (f(x) = a+on() group_left() prefix "bar"+x b) f("foo")`, `a + on() group_left() prefix "barfoo" b`)
	another(`with (f(x,y) = a+on() group_left() prefix y+x b) f("foo","bar")`, `a + on() group_left() prefix "barfoo" b`)

	// Verify nested with exprs
	another(`with (f(x) = (with(x=y) x) + x) f(z)`, `y + z`)
	another(`with (x=foo) clamp_min(a, with (y=x) y)`, `clamp_min(a, foo)`)
	another(`with (x=foo) a * x + (with (y=x) y) / y`, `(a * foo) + (foo / y)`)
	another(`with (x = with (y = foo) y + x) x/x`, `(foo + x) / (foo + x)`)
	another(`with (
		x = {foo="bar"},
		q = m{x, y="1"},
		f(x) =
			with (
				z(y) = x + y * q
			)
			z(foo) / changes(x)
	)
	f(a)`, `(a + (foo * m{foo="bar",y="1"})) / changes(a)`)

	// complex withExpr
	another(`WITH (
		treshold = (0.9),
		commonFilters = {job="cacher", instance=~"1.2.3.4"},
		hits = rate(cache{type="hit", commonFilters}[5m]),
		miss = rate(cache{type="miss", commonFilters}[5m]),
		sumByInstance(arg) = sum(arg) by (instance),
		hitRatio = sumByInstance(hits) / sumByInstance(hits + miss)
	)
	hitRatio < treshold`,
		`(sum(rate(cache{type="hit",job="cacher",instance=~"1.2.3.4"}[5m])) by(instance) / sum(rate(cache{type="hit",job="cacher",instance=~"1.2.3.4"}[5m]) + rate(cache{type="miss",job="cacher",instance=~"1.2.3.4"}[5m])) by(instance)) < 0.9`)
	another(`WITH (
		x2(x) = x^2,
		f(x, y) = x2(x) + x*y + x2(y)
	)
	f(a, 3)
	`, `((a ^ 2) + (a * 3)) + 9`)
	another(`WITH (
		x2(x) = x^2,
		f(x, y) = x2(x) + x*y + x2(y)
	)
	f(2, 3)
	`, `19`)
	another(`WITH (
		commonFilters = {instance="foo"},
		timeToFuckup(currv, maxv) = (maxv - currv) / rate(currv)
	)
	timeToFuckup(diskUsage{commonFilters}, maxDiskSize{commonFilters})`,
		`(maxDiskSize{instance="foo"} - diskUsage{instance="foo"}) / rate(diskUsage{instance="foo"})`)
	another(`WITH (
	       commonFilters = {job="foo", instance="bar"},
	       sumRate(m, cf) = sum(rate(m{cf})) by (job, instance),
	       hitRate(hits, misses) = sumRate(hits, commonFilters) / (sumRate(hits, commonFilters) + sumRate(misses, commonFilters))
	   )
	   hitRate(cacheHits, cacheMisses)`,
		`sum(rate(cacheHits{job="foo",instance="bar"})) by(job,instance) / (sum(rate(cacheHits{job="foo",instance="bar"})) by(job,instance) + sum(rate(cacheMisses{job="foo",instance="bar"})) by(job,instance))`)
	another(`with(y=123,z=5) union(with(y=3,f(x)=x*y) f(2) + f(3), with(x=5,y=2) x*y*z)`, `union(15, 50)`)

	another(`with(sum=123,now=5) union(with(sum=3,f(x)=x*sum) f(2) + f(3), with(x=5,sum=2) x*sum*now)`, `union(15, 50)`)
	another(`WITH(now = sum(rate(my_metric_total)), before = sum(rate(my_metric_total) offset 1h)) now/before*100`, `(sum(rate(my_metric_total)) / sum(rate(my_metric_total) offset 1h)) * 100`)
	another(`with (sum = x) sum`, `x`)
	another(`with (clamp_min=x) clamp_min`, `x`)
	another(`with (now=now(), sum=sum()) now`, `now()`)
	another(`with (now=now(), sum=sum()) now()`, `now()`)
	another(`with (now(a)=now()+a) now(1)`, `now() + 1`)
	another(`with (rate(a,b)=a+b) rate(1,2)`, `3`)
	another(`with (now=now(), sum=sum()) x`, `x`)
	another(`with (rate(a) = b) c`, `c`)
	another(`rate(x) + with (rate(a,b)=a*b) rate(2,b)`, `rate(x) + (2 * b)`)
	another(`with (sum(a,b)=a+b) sum(c,d)`, `c + d`)

	// $__interval and $__rate_interval must be replaced with 1i
	another(`rate(m[$__interval] offset $__interval) * $__rate_interval`, `rate(m[1i] offset 1i) * 1i`)
	another(`increase(m[$__rate_interval])`, `increase(m[1i])`)
}

func TestParseError(t *testing.T) {
	f := func(s string) {
		t.Helper()

		e, err := Parse(s)
		if err == nil {
			t.Fatalf("expecting non-nil error when parsing %q", s)
		}
		if e != nil {
			t.Fatalf("expecting nil expr when parsing %q", s)
		}
	}

	// an empty string
	f("")
	f("  \t\b\r\n  ")

	// invalid metricExpr
	f(`{}[5M:]`)
	f(`foo[-55]`)
	f(`m[-5m]`)
	f(`{`)
	f(`foo{`)
	f(`foo{bar`)
	f(`foo{bar=`)
	f(`foo{bar="baz"`)
	f(`foo{bar="baz",  `)
	f(`foo{123="23"}`)
	f(`foo{foo}`)
	f(`foo{,}`)
	f(`foo{,foo="bar"}`)
	f(`foo{foo=}`)
	f(`foo{foo="ba}`)
	// No longer invalid with Prometheus 3.0 quoted label names
	//f(`foo{"foo"="bar"}`)
	// Test if two metric names are set
	f(`{"foo", "a"="1", "bar"}`)
	f(`{"foo", __name__="bar"}`)
	f(`foo{$`)
	f(`foo{a $`)
	f(`foo{a="b",$`)
	f(`foo{a="b"}$`)
	f(`[`)
	f(`[]`)
	f(`f[5m]$`)
	f(`[5m]`)
	f(`[5m] offset 4h`)
	f(`m[5m] offset $`)
	f(`m[5m] offset 5h $`)
	f(`m[]`)
	f(`m[-5m]`)
	f(`m[5m:`)
	f(`m[5m:-`)
	f(`m[5m:-1`)
	f(`m[5m:-1]`)
	f(`m[5m:-1s]`)
	f(`m[-5m:1s]`)
	f(`m[-5m:-1s]`)
	f(`m[:`)
	f(`m[:-`)
	f(`m[:-1]`)
	f(`m[:-1m]`)
	f(`m[-5]`)
	f(`m[[5m]]`)
	f(`m[foo]`)
	f(`m["ff"]`)
	f(`m[10m`)
	f(`m[123`)
	f(`m["ff`)
	f(`m[(f`)
	f(`fd}`)
	f(`]`)
	f(`m $`)
	f(`m{,}`)
	f(`m{x=y}`)
	f(`m{x=y/5}`)
	f(`m{x=y+5}`)

	// invalid 'or' filters
	f(`{or`)
	f(`a{or`)
	f(`{or x}`)
	f(`{or x="y"}`)
	f(`{x or}`)
	f(`{x or,`)
	f(`{x or,}`)
	f(`{x="y" or`)
	f(`{x="y" or}`)
	f(`{x="y" or z`)
	f(`{x="y" or z="x"`)

	// keep_metric_names cannot be used with metric expression
	f(`m keep_metric_names`)

	// Invalid @ modifier
	f(`@`)
	f(`foo @`)
	f(`foo @ ! `)
	f(`foo @ @`)
	f(`foo @ offset 5m`)
	f(`foo @ [5m]`)
	f(`foo offset @ 5m`)
	f(`foo @ 123 offset 5m @ 456`)
	f(`foo offset 5m @`)

	// Invalid regexp
	f(`foo{bar=~"x["}`)
	f(`foo{bar=~"x("}`)
	f(`foo{bar=~"x)"}`)
	f(`foo{bar!~"x["}`)
	f(`foo{bar!~"x("}`)
	f(`foo{bar!~"x)"}`)

	// invalid stringExpr
	f(`'`)
	f(`"`)
	f("`")
	f(`"foo`)
	f(`'foo`)
	f("`foo")
	f(`"foo\"bar`)
	f(`'foo\'bar`)
	f("`foo\\`bar")
	f(`"" $`)
	f(`"foo" +`)
	f(`n{"foo" + m`)
	f(`"foo" keep_metric_names`)
	f(`keep_metric_names "foo"`)

	// invalid numberExpr
	f(`1.2e`)
	f(`23e-`)
	f(`23E+`)
	f(`.`)
	f(`-1.2e`)
	f(`-23e-`)
	f(`-23E+`)
	f(`-.`)
	f(`-1$$`)
	f(`-$$`)
	f(`+$$`)
	f(`23 $$`)
	f(`1 keep_metric_names`)
	f(`keep_metric_names 1`)

	// invalid binaryOpExpr
	f(`+`)
	f(`1 +`)
	f(`3 unless`)
	f(`23 + on (foo)`)
	f(`m + on (,) m`)
	f(`3 * ignoring`)
	f(`m * on (`)
	f(`m * on (foo`)
	f(`m * on (foo,`)
	f(`m * on (foo,)`)
	f(`m * on (,foo)`)
	f(`m * on (,)`)
	f(`m == bool (bar) baz`)
	f(`m == bool () baz`)
	f(`m * by (baz) n`)
	f(`m + bool group_left m2`)
	f(`m + on () group_left (`)
	f(`m + on () group_left (,`)
	f(`m + on () group_left (,foo`)
	f(`m + on () group_left (foo,)`)
	f(`m + on () group_left (,foo)`)
	f(`m + on () group_left (foo)`)
	f(`m + on () group_right (foo) (m`)
	f(`m or ignoring () group_left () n`)
	f(`1 + bool 2`)
	f(`m % bool n`)
	f(`m * bool baz`)
	f(`M * BOoL BaZ`)
	f(`foo unless ignoring (bar) group_left xxx`)
	f(`foo or bool bar`)
	f(`foo == bool $$`)
	f(`"foo" + bar`)
	f(`(foo + `)
	f(`a + on(*) b`)                    // star cannot be used inside on()
	f(`a + ignoring(*) b`)              // star cannot be used inside ignoring()
	f(`a + prefix "b" c`)               // missing group_left()/group_right()
	f(`a + on() prefix "b" c`)          // missing group_left()/group_right()
	f(`a + ignoring(foo) prefix "b" c`) // missing group_left()/group_right()
	f(`a + on() group_left(*,x) b`)     // star cannot be mixed with other labels inside group_left()
	f(`a + on() group_right(x,*) b`)    // star cannot be mixed with other labels inside group_right()

	// invalid parensExpr
	f(`(`)
	f(`($`)
	f(`(+`)
	f(`(1`)
	f(`(m+`)
	f(`1)`)
	f(`(,)`)
	f(`(1)$`)
	f(`(foo) keep_metric_names`)

	// invalid funcExpr
	f(`f $`)
	f(`f($)`)
	f(`f[`)
	f(`f()$`)
	f(`f(`)
	f(`f(foo`)
	f(`f(f,`)
	f(`f(,`)
	f(`f(,)`)
	f(`f(,foo)`)
	f(`f(,foo`)
	f(`f(foo,$`)
	f(`f() by (a)`)
	f(`f without (x) (y)`)
	f(`f() foo (a)`)
	f(`f bar (x) (b)`)
	f(`f bar (x)`)
	f(`keep_metric_names f()`)
	f(`f() abc`)

	// unknown function
	f(`f()`)
	f(`f(x,)`)
	f(`f(http_server_request)`)
	f(`f(job, foo)`)
	f(`sum(a, b+f())`)
	f(`by(2)`)
	f(`BY(2)`)
	f(`or(2)`)
	f(`OR(2)`)
	f(`bool(2)`)
	f(`BOOL(2)`)
	f(`"foo" + bar()`)
	f(`a + (bool(1, 2))`)
	f(`group_left / (on(1, 2))`)
	f(`group_left / (f(1, 2))`)

	// invalid aggrFuncExpr
	f(`sum(`)
	f(`sum $`)
	f(`sum [`)
	f(`sum($)`)
	f(`sum()$`)
	f(`sum(foo) ba`)
	f(`sum(foo) ba()`)
	f(`sum(foo) by`)
	f(`sum(foo) without x`)
	f(`sum(foo) aaa`)
	f(`sum(foo) aaa x`)
	f(`sum() by $`)
	f(`sum() by (`)
	f(`sum() by ($`)
	f(`sum() by (a`)
	f(`sum() by (a $`)
	f(`sum() by (a ]`)
	f(`sum() by (a)$`)
	f(`sum() by (,`)
	f(`sum() by (a,$`)
	f(`sum() by (,)`)
	f(`sum() by (,a`)
	f(`sum() by (,a)`)
	f(`sum() on (b)`)
	f(`sum() bool`)
	f(`sum() group_left`)
	f(`sum() group_right(x)`)
	f(`sum ba`)
	f(`sum ba ()`)
	f(`sum by (`)
	f(`sum by (a`)
	f(`sum by (,`)
	f(`sum by (,)`)
	f(`sum by (,a`)
	f(`sum by (,a)`)
	f(`sum by (a)`)
	f(`sum by (a) (`)
	f(`sum by (a) [`)
	f(`sum by (a) {`)
	f(`sum by (a) (b`)
	f(`sum by (a) (b,`)
	f(`sum by (a) (,)`)
	f(`avg by (a) (,b)`)
	f(`sum by (x) (y) by (z)`)
	f(`sum(m) by (1)`)
	f(`sum(m) keep_metric_names`) // keep_metric_names cannot be used for aggregate functions
	f(`sum(m) by(*)`)             // star cannot be used in by()
	f(`sum(m) without(*)`)        // star cannot be used in without()

	// invalid withExpr
	f(`with $`)
	f(`with a`)
	f(`with a=b c`)
	f(`with (`)
	f(`with (x=b)$`)
	f(`with ($`)
	f(`with (foo`)
	f(`with (foo $`)
	f(`with (x y`)
	f(`with (x =`)
	f(`with (x = $`)
	f(`with (x= y`)
	f(`with (x= y $`)
	f(`with (x= y)`)
	f(`with (x=(`)
	f(`with (x=[)`)
	f(`with (x=() x)`)
	f(`with(x)`)
	f(`with ($$)`)
	f(`with (x $$`)
	f(`with (x = $$)`)
	f(`with (x = foo) bar{x}`)
	f(`with (x = {foo="bar"}[5m]) bar{x}`)
	f(`with (x = {foo="bar"} offset 5m) bar{x}`)
	f(`with (x = a, x = b) c`)
	f(`with (x(a, a) = b) c`)
	f(`with (x=m{f="x"}) foo{x}`)
	f(`with (f()`)
	f(`with (a=b c=d) e`)
	f(`with (f(x)=x^2) m{x}`)
	f(`with (f(x)=ff()) m{x}`)
	f(`with (f(x`)
	f(`with (x=m) a{x} + b`)
	f(`with (x=m) b + a{x}`)
	f(`with (x=m) f(b, a{x})`)
	f(`with (x=m) sum(a{x})`)
	f(`with (x=m) (a{x})`)
	f(`with (f(a)=a) f(1, 2)`)
	f(`with (f(x)=x{foo="bar"}) f(1)`)
	f(`with (f(x)=x{foo="bar"}) f(m + n)`)
	f(`with (f = with`)
	f(`with (,)`)
	f(`with (1) 2`)
	f(`with (f(1)=2) 3`)
	f(`with (f(,)=x) x`)
	f(`with (x(a) = {b="c"}) foo{x}`)
	f(`with (f(x) = m{foo=xx}) f("qwe")`)
	f(`a + with(f(x)=x) f(1,2)`)
	f(`with (f(x) = sum(m) by (x)) f({foo="bar"})`)
	f(`with (f(x) = sum(m) by (x)) f((xx(), {foo="bar"}))`)
	f(`with (f(x) = m + on (x) n) f(xx())`)
	f(`with (f(x) = m + on (a) group_right (x) n) f(xx())`)
	f(`with (f(x) = m keep_metric_names)`)
	f(`with (now)`)
	f(`with (sum)`)
	f(`with (now=now()) now(1)`)
	f(`with (f())`)
	f(`with (sum(a,b)=a+b) sum(x)`)
	f(`with (rate()=foobar) rate(x)`)
	f(`{foo}`)
	f(`with (x={y}) x`)

	// with template with {lf1 or lf2} isn't supported
	f(`with (f(x) = m{x}) f({a="b" or c="d"})`)
	f(`with (f(x) = m{x or y="z"}) f({a="b" or c="d"})`)
	f(`with (f(__name__) = {__name__}) f({a="b" or c="d"})`)

	// Invalid number of args at ct()
	f(`with (ct={job="test", i="bar"}) ct + {ct, x="d"} + foo{ct, ct} + ct(1)`)

	// unknown function ff()
	f(`with (f(a,f,x)=ff(x,f,a)) f(f(x,y,z),1,2)`)

	// Unknown function f()
	f(`with (x="a", y="b"+x) "we"+y+"z"+f()`)
	f(`with (x=foo) f(a, with (y=x) y)`)
	f(`with (ct={job="test"}) a{ct} + ct() + f({ct="x"})`)

	// invalid withExpr with 'or' filter
	f(`with (x={a="b" or c="d"}) {x}`)
	f(`with (x={a="b" or c="d"}) x{d="e" or z="c"}`)
	f(`with (x={a="b" or c="d"}) {x,d="e"}`)
	f(`with (x={a="b" or c="d"}) {x,d="e" or z="c"}`)
}