- ngx_lua 核心常量
ngx.OK (0) ngx.ERROR (-1) ngx.AGAIN (-2) ngx.DONE (-4) ngx.DECLINED (-5) ngx.nil -- 指令常量 ngx.arg[index] #ngx指令参数,当这个变量在set_by_lua或者set_by_lua_file内使用的时候是只读的,指的是在配置指令输入的参数. ngx.var.varname #读写NGINX变量的值,最好在lua脚本里缓存变量值,避免在当前请求的生命周期内内存的泄漏 ngx.config.ngx_lua_version #当前ngx_lua模块版本号 ngx.config.nginx_version #nginx版本 ngx.worker.exiting #当前worker进程是否正在关闭 ngx.worker.pid #当前worker进程的PID ngx.config.nginx_configure #编译时的./configure命令选项 ngx.config.prefix #编译时的prefix选项
- ngx_lua 方法 (#经常在ngx.location.catpure和ngx.location.capture_multi方法中被调用.)
ngx.HTTP_GET ngx.HTTP_HEAD ngx.HTTP_PUT ngx.HTTP_POST ngx.HTTP_DELETE ngx.HTTP_OPTIONS ngx.HTTP_MKCOL ngx.HTTP_COPY ngx.HTTP_MOVE ngx.HTTP_PROPFIND ngx.HTTP_PROPPATCH ngx.HTTP_LOCK ngx.HTTP_UNLOCK ngx.HTTP_PATCH ngx.HTTP_TRACE
- 错误日志级别常量
ngx.STDERR ngx.EMERG ngx.ALERT ngx.CRIT ngx.ERR ngx.WARN ngx.NOTICE ngx.INFO ngx.DEBUG
- API中的常用方法
print() #与 ngx.print()方法有区别,print() 相当于ngx.log() ngx.ctx #这是一个lua的table,用于保存ngx上下文的变量,在整个请求的生命周期内都有效,详细参考官方 ngx.location.capture() #发出一个子请求,详细用法参考官方文档。 ngx.location.capture_multi() #发出多个子请求,详细用法参考官方文档。 ngx.status #读或者写当前请求的相应状态. 必须在输出相应头之前被调用. ngx.header.HEADER #访问或设置http header头信息,详细参考官方文档。 ngx.req.set_uri() #设置当前请求的URI,详细参考官方文档 ngx.set_uri_args(args) #根据args参数重新定义当前请求的URI参数. ngx.req.get_uri_args() #返回一个LUA TABLE,包含当前请求的全部的URL参数 ngx.req.get_post_args() #返回一个LUA TABLE,包括所有当前请求的POST参数 ngx.req.get_headers() #返回一个包含当前请求头信息的lua table. ngx.req.set_header() #设置当前请求头header某字段值.当前请求的子请求不会受到影响. ngx.req.read_body() #在不阻塞ngnix其他事件的情况下同步读取客户端的body信息.[详细] ngx.req.discard_body() #明确丢弃客户端请求的body ngx.req.get_body_data() #以字符串的形式获得客户端的请求body内容 ngx.req.get_body_file() #当发送文件请求的时候,获得文件的名字 ngx.req.set_body_data() #设置客户端请求的BODY ngx.req.set_body_file() #通过filename来指定当前请求的file data。 ngx.req.clear_header() #清求某个请求头 ngx.exec(uri,args) #执行内部跳转,根据uri和请求参数 ngx.redirect(uri, status) #执行301或者302的重定向。 ngx.send_headers() #发送指定的响应头 ngx.headers_sent #判断头部是否发送给客户端ngx.headers_sent=true ngx.print(str) #发送给客户端的响应页面 ngx.say() #作用类似ngx.print,不过say方法输出后会换行 ngx.log(log.level,...) #写入nginx日志 ngx.flush() #将缓冲区内容输出到页面(刷新响应) ngx.exit(http-status) #结束请求并输出状态码 ngx.eof() #明确指定关闭结束输出流 ngx.escape_uri() #URI编码(本函数对逗号,不编码,而php的urlencode会编码) ngx.unescape_uri() #uri解码 ngx.encode_args(table) #将tabel解析成url参数 ngx.decode_args(uri) #将参数字符串编码为一个table ngx.encode_base64(str) #BASE64编码 ngx.decode_base64(str) #BASE64解码 ngx.crc32_short(str) #字符串的crs32_short哈希 ngx.crc32_long(str) #字符串的crs32_long哈希 ngx.hmac_sha1(str) #字符串的hmac_sha1哈希 ngx.md5(str) #返回16进制MD5 ngx.md5_bin(str) #返回2进制MD5 ngx.today() #返回当前日期yyyy-mm-dd ngx.time() #返回当前时间戳 ngx.now() #返回当前时间 ngx.update_time() #刷新后返回 ngx.localtime() #返回 yyyy-mm-dd hh:ii:ss ngx.utctime() #返回yyyy-mm-dd hh:ii:ss格式的utc时间 ngx.cookie_time(sec) #返回用于COOKIE使用的时间 ngx.http_time(sec) #返回可用于http header使用的时间 ngx.parse_http_time(str) #解析HTTP头的时间 ngx.is_subrequest #是否子请求(值为 true or false) ngx.re.match(subject,regex,options,ctx) #ngx正则表达式匹配,详细参考官网 ngx.re.gmatch(subject,regex,opt) #全局正则匹配 ngx.re.sub(sub,reg,opt) #匹配和替换(未知) ngx.re.gsub() #未知 ngx.shared.DICT #ngx.shared.DICT是一个table 里面存储了所有的全局内存共享变量 ngx.shared.DICT.get ngx.shared.DICT.get_stale ngx.shared.DICT.set ngx.shared.DICT.safe_set ngx.shared.DICT.add ngx.shared.DICT.safe_add ngx.shared.DICT.replace ngx.shared.DICT.delete ngx.shared.DICT.incr ngx.shared.DICT.flush_all ngx.shared.DICT.flush_expired ngx.shared.DICT.get_keys ndk.set_var.DIRECTIVE
- Lua HTTP状态常量
value = ngx.HTTP_CONTINUE (100) (first added in the v0.9.20 release) value = ngx.HTTP_SWITCHING_PROTOCOLS (101) (first added in the v0.9.20 release) value = ngx.HTTP_OK (200) value = ngx.HTTP_CREATED (201) value = ngx.HTTP_ACCEPTED (202) (first added in the v0.9.20 release) value = ngx.HTTP_NO_CONTENT (204) (first added in the v0.9.20 release) value = ngx.HTTP_PARTIAL_CONTENT (206) (first added in the v0.9.20 release) value = ngx.HTTP_SPECIAL_RESPONSE (300) value = ngx.HTTP_MOVED_PERMANENTLY (301) value = ngx.HTTP_MOVED_TEMPORARILY (302) value = ngx.HTTP_SEE_OTHER (303) value = ngx.HTTP_NOT_MODIFIED (304) value = ngx.HTTP_TEMPORARY_REDIRECT (307) (first added in the v0.9.20 release) value = ngx.HTTP_BAD_REQUEST (400) value = ngx.HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED (401) value = ngx.HTTP_PAYMENT_REQUIRED (402) (first added in the v0.9.20 release) value = ngx.HTTP_FORBIDDEN (403) value = ngx.HTTP_NOT_FOUND (404) value = ngx.HTTP_NOT_ALLOWED (405) value = ngx.HTTP_NOT_ACCEPTABLE (406) (first added in the v0.9.20 release) value = ngx.HTTP_REQUEST_TIMEOUT (408) (first added in the v0.9.20 release) value = ngx.HTTP_CONFLICT (409) (first added in the v0.9.20 release) value = ngx.HTTP_GONE (410) value = ngx.HTTP_UPGRADE_REQUIRED (426) (first added in the v0.9.20 release) value = ngx.HTTP_TOO_MANY_REQUESTS (429) (first added in the v0.9.20 release) value = ngx.HTTP_CLOSE (444) (first added in the v0.9.20 release) value = ngx.HTTP_ILLEGAL (451) (first added in the v0.9.20 release) value = ngx.HTTP_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR (500) value = ngx.HTTP_METHOD_NOT_IMPLEMENTED (501) value = ngx.HTTP_BAD_GATEWAY (502) (first added in the v0.9.20 release) value = ngx.HTTP_SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE (503) value = ngx.HTTP_GATEWAY_TIMEOUT (504) (first added in the v0.3.1rc38 release) value = ngx.HTTP_VERSION_NOT_SUPPORTED (505) (first added in the v0.9.20 release) value = ngx.HTTP_INSUFFICIENT_STORAGE (507) (first added in the v0.9.20 release)
- 案列使用,get_string_md5.lua:
local args = ngx.req.get_uri_args() local salt = args.salt if not salt then ngx.say(ngx.HTTP_BAD_REQUEST) end local string = ngx.md5(ngx.time()..salt) ngx.say(string)
- curl 请求(-i 参数,输出时包括protocol头信息):
tinywan@tinywan:$ curl -i http://127.0.0.1/get_rand_string?salt=tinywan123 HTTP/1.1 200 OK Server: openresty/1.11.2.1 Date: Fri, 21 Apr 2017 14:27:16 GMT Content-Type: application/octet-stream Transfer-Encoding: chunked Connection: keep-alive
- 强烈建议使用ngx Lua APi 接口
(非阻塞的)
,而不是Lua自身的API(阻塞的)
,Lua 自身API会阻塞掉的 - ngx_lua_api_test.lua
local json = require "cjson" -- 引入cjson 扩展 -- 同步读取客户端请求正文,而不会阻止Nginx事件循环 ngx.req.read_body() local args = ngx.req.get_post_args() if not args or not args.info then ngx.say(ngx.HTTP_BAD_REQUEST) -- ngx.HTTP_BAD_REQUEST (400) end local client_id = ngx.var.remote_addr local user_agent = ngx.req.get_headers()['user-agent'] or "" local info = ngx.decode_base64(args.info) local response = {} response.info = info response.client_id = client_id response.user_agent = user_agent ngx.say(json.encode(response))
- CURL Post 请求
$ curl -i --data "info=b3ZlcmNvbWUud2FuQGdtYWlsLmNvbQ==" http://127.0.0.1/ngx_lua_api_test HTTP/1.1 200 OK Server: openresty/1.11.2.1 Date: Sat, 22 Apr 2017 01:22:07 GMT Content-Type: application/octet-stream Transfer-Encoding: chunked Connection: keep-alive {"user_agent":"curl\/7.47.0","info":"[email protected]","client_id":"127.0.0.1"}