diff --git a/examples/liquid_ruby.rb b/examples/liquid_ruby.rb
index 542a1c1..f3c832c 100644
--- a/examples/liquid_ruby.rb
+++ b/examples/liquid_ruby.rb
@@ -29,10 +29,19 @@
 end
 
 LiquidSpec.render do |ctx, assigns, render_options|
+  resource_limits = if render_options[:resource_limits]
+    limits = Liquid::ResourceLimits.new({})
+    render_options[:resource_limits].each do |key, value|
+      limits.send(:"#{key}=", value)
+    end
+    limits
+  end
+
   context = Liquid::Context.build(
     static_environments: assigns,
     registers: Liquid::Registers.new(render_options[:registers] || {}),
     rethrow_errors: render_options[:strict_errors],
+    resource_limits: resource_limits,
   )
   context.exception_renderer = render_options[:exception_renderer] if render_options[:exception_renderer]
 
diff --git a/lib/liquid/spec/cli/runner.rb b/lib/liquid/spec/cli/runner.rb
index e79e39a..f968494 100644
--- a/lib/liquid/spec/cli/runner.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/spec/cli/runner.rb
@@ -1489,6 +1489,7 @@ def run_single_spec(spec, _config)
             render_options = {
               registers: build_registers(spec, filesystem),
               strict_errors: !render_errors,
+              resource_limits: spec.raw_resource_limits.empty? ? nil : spec.raw_resource_limits,
             }.compact
 
             begin
diff --git a/lib/liquid/spec/lazy_spec.rb b/lib/liquid/spec/lazy_spec.rb
index 90ac579..7d00025 100644
--- a/lib/liquid/spec/lazy_spec.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/spec/lazy_spec.rb
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ class LazySpec
       attr_reader :name, :template, :template_name, :expected, :expected_pattern, :errors, :hint, :doc, :complexity
       attr_reader :error_mode, :render_errors, :required_features
       attr_reader :source_file, :line_number
-      attr_reader :raw_environment, :raw_filesystem, :raw_template_factory
+      attr_reader :raw_environment, :raw_filesystem, :raw_template_factory, :raw_resource_limits
 
       def initialize(
         name:,
@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@ def initialize(
         raw_environment: {},
         raw_filesystem: {},
         raw_template_factory: nil,
+        raw_resource_limits: {},
         source_hint: nil,
         source_required_options: {}
       )
@@ -70,6 +71,7 @@ def initialize(
         @raw_environment = raw_environment || {}
         @raw_filesystem = raw_filesystem || {}
         @raw_template_factory = raw_template_factory
+        @raw_resource_limits = raw_resource_limits || {}
         @source_hint = source_hint
         @source_required_options = source_required_options || {}
 
@@ -300,7 +302,7 @@ def deep_instantiate(obj, seen = {}.compare_by_identity)
             key = obj.keys.first
             value = obj.values.first
             if key.is_a?(String) && key.start_with?("instantiate:")
-              class_name = key.sub("instantiate:", "")
+              class_name = key.sub("instantiate:", "").chomp(":")
               # Deep instantiate the parameters first
               params = deep_instantiate(value, seen)
               # Create a fresh instance via the registry
diff --git a/lib/liquid/spec/spec_loader.rb b/lib/liquid/spec/spec_loader.rb
index fb9819f..5eb1d10 100644
--- a/lib/liquid/spec/spec_loader.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/spec/spec_loader.rb
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ module SpecLoader
       VALID_METADATA_KEYS = %w[hint doc required_options render_errors minimum_complexity complexity required_features data_files].freeze
       VALID_SPEC_KEYS = %w[
         name template expected expected_pattern environment filesystem complexity hint doc
-        error_mode render_errors required_features errors template_name
+        error_mode render_errors required_features errors template_name resource_limits
       ].freeze
 
       class << self
@@ -259,6 +259,7 @@ def load_yaml_file(path, suite: nil)
               raw_environment: raw_env,
               raw_filesystem: spec_data["filesystem"] || {},
               raw_template_factory: spec_data["template_factory"],
+              raw_resource_limits: spec_data["resource_limits"],
               source_hint: source_hint,
               source_required_options: source_required_options,
             )
diff --git a/specs/basics/resource-limits.yml b/specs/basics/resource-limits.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..57700c3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/specs/basics/resource-limits.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+_metadata:
+  hint: |
+    Tests for resource limit enforcement during rendering.
+    Cumulative scores survive reset() across partial renders,
+    preventing unbounded work via many small partials.
+  complexity: 300
+  required_features:
+    - core
+
+specs:
+- name: cumulative_render_score_across_partials
+  template: "{% render 'a' %}{% render 'b' %}{% render 'c' %}"
+  filesystem:
+    a: "{% for i in (1..10) %}x{% endfor %}"
+    b: "{% for i in (1..10) %}x{% endfor %}"
+    c: "{% for i in (1..10) %}x{% endfor %}"
+  resource_limits:
+    render_score_limit: 100
+    cumulative_render_score_limit: 25
+  errors:
+    render_error:
+      - Liquid error
+  hint: |
+    Each partial renders a for-loop scoring ~10 points. Per-template limit (100)
+    is fine, but cumulative limit (25) is exceeded after the second partial.
+
+- name: cumulative_limits_not_triggered_when_unset
+  template: "{% render 'a' %}{% render 'b' %}"
+  filesystem:
+    a: "{% for i in (1..5) %}x{% endfor %}"
+    b: "{% for i in (1..5) %}y{% endfor %}"
+  resource_limits:
+    render_score_limit: 100
+  expected: "xxxxxyyyyy"
+  hint: |
+    Without cumulative limits set, partials render normally even though
+    cumulative score grows. Only per-template limits are checked.
+
+- name: per_template_limit_still_works_with_cumulative
+  template: "{% for i in (1..100) %}x{% endfor %}"
+  resource_limits:
+    render_score_limit: 10
+    cumulative_render_score_limit: 1000
+  errors:
+    render_error:
+      - Liquid error
+  hint: |
+    Per-template render_score_limit (10) fires even when
+    cumulative_render_score_limit (1000) is generous.