diff --git a/.circleci/config.yml b/.circleci/config.yml
index c78cf5f13b..2402f7faa9 100644
--- a/.circleci/config.yml
+++ b/.circleci/config.yml
@@ -480,6 +480,16 @@ jobs:
           workspace_member: ledger
           cache_key: snarkvm-ledger-cache
 
+  ledger-with-rocksdb:
+    docker:
+      - image: cimg/rust:1.71.1
+    resource_class: 2xlarge
+    steps:
+      - run_serial:
+          flags: --features=rocks
+          workspace_member: ledger
+          cache_key: snarkvm-ledger-with-rocksdb-cache
+
   ledger-authority:
     docker:
       - image: cimg/rust:1.71.1
@@ -854,6 +864,8 @@ workflows:
       - curves
       - fields
       - ledger
+# TODO (howardwu) - Implement `open_testing` on all storage, update to `CurrentConsensusStore::open_testing`, then re-enable.
+#      - ledger-with-rocksdb
       - ledger-authority
       - ledger-block
       - ledger-coinbase
diff --git a/ledger/src/lib.rs b/ledger/src/lib.rs
index 568d501ac2..0e5511b798 100644
--- a/ledger/src/lib.rs
+++ b/ledger/src/lib.rs
@@ -392,11 +392,23 @@ pub(crate) mod test_helpers {
         prelude::*,
     };
     use ledger_block::Block;
-    use ledger_store::{helpers::memory::ConsensusMemory, ConsensusStore};
+    use ledger_store::ConsensusStore;
     use synthesizer::vm::VM;
 
     pub(crate) type CurrentNetwork = Testnet3;
-    pub(crate) type CurrentLedger = Ledger<CurrentNetwork, ConsensusMemory<CurrentNetwork>>;
+
+    #[cfg(not(feature = "rocks"))]
+    pub(crate) type CurrentLedger =
+        Ledger<CurrentNetwork, ledger_store::helpers::memory::ConsensusMemory<CurrentNetwork>>;
+    #[cfg(feature = "rocks")]
+    pub(crate) type CurrentLedger = Ledger<CurrentNetwork, ledger_store::helpers::rocksdb::ConsensusDB<CurrentNetwork>>;
+
+    #[cfg(not(feature = "rocks"))]
+    pub(crate) type CurrentConsensusStore =
+        ConsensusStore<CurrentNetwork, ledger_store::helpers::memory::ConsensusMemory<CurrentNetwork>>;
+    #[cfg(feature = "rocks")]
+    pub(crate) type CurrentConsensusStore =
+        ConsensusStore<CurrentNetwork, ledger_store::helpers::rocksdb::ConsensusDB<CurrentNetwork>>;
 
     #[allow(dead_code)]
     pub(crate) struct TestEnv {
@@ -426,7 +438,7 @@ pub(crate) mod test_helpers {
         rng: &mut (impl Rng + CryptoRng),
     ) -> CurrentLedger {
         // Initialize the store.
-        let store = ConsensusStore::<_, ConsensusMemory<_>>::open(None).unwrap();
+        let store = CurrentConsensusStore::open(None).unwrap();
         // Create a genesis block.
         let genesis = VM::from(store).unwrap().genesis_beacon(&private_key, rng).unwrap();
         // Initialize the ledger with the genesis block.
diff --git a/ledger/src/tests.rs b/ledger/src/tests.rs
index d033edef82..af95102191 100644
--- a/ledger/src/tests.rs
+++ b/ledger/src/tests.rs
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ fn test_state_path() {
 }
 
 #[test]
-fn test_insufficient_fees() {
+fn test_insufficient_private_fees() {
     let rng = &mut TestRng::default();
 
     // Initialize the test environment.
@@ -190,6 +190,56 @@ finalize foo:
     }
 }
 
+#[test]
+fn test_insufficient_public_fees() {
+    let rng = &mut TestRng::default();
+
+    // Initialize the test environment.
+    let crate::test_helpers::TestEnv { ledger, private_key, .. } = crate::test_helpers::sample_test_env(rng);
+
+    // Sample recipient.
+    let recipient_private_key = PrivateKey::new(rng).unwrap();
+    let recipient_address = Address::try_from(&recipient_private_key).unwrap();
+
+    // Fund the recipient with 1 million credits.
+    {
+        let inputs =
+            [Value::from_str(&format!("{recipient_address}")).unwrap(), Value::from_str("1000000000000u64").unwrap()];
+        let transaction = ledger
+            .vm
+            .execute(&private_key, ("credits.aleo", "transfer_public"), inputs.into_iter(), None, 0, None, rng)
+            .unwrap();
+
+        let block =
+            ledger.prepare_advance_to_next_beacon_block(&private_key, vec![], vec![], vec![transaction], rng).unwrap();
+
+        // Check that the next block is valid.
+        ledger.check_next_block(&block).unwrap();
+        // Add the deployment block to the ledger.
+        ledger.advance_to_next_block(&block).unwrap();
+    }
+
+    println!("-----------");
+
+    // Attempt to bond the node with insufficient public fees.
+    {
+        let inputs =
+            [Value::from_str(&format!("{recipient_address}")).unwrap(), Value::from_str("1000000000000u64").unwrap()];
+        let transaction = ledger
+            .vm
+            .execute(&recipient_private_key, ("credits.aleo", "bond_public"), inputs.into_iter(), None, 0, None, rng)
+            .unwrap();
+
+        let block =
+            ledger.prepare_advance_to_next_beacon_block(&private_key, vec![], vec![], vec![transaction], rng).unwrap();
+
+        // Check that the next block is valid.
+        ledger.check_next_block(&block).unwrap();
+        // Add the deployment block to the ledger.
+        ledger.advance_to_next_block(&block).unwrap();
+    }
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn test_insufficient_finalize_fees() {
     let rng = &mut TestRng::default();
diff --git a/ledger/store/src/helpers/rocksdb/internal/id.rs b/ledger/store/src/helpers/rocksdb/internal/id.rs
index 3091895661..0d47eecd83 100644
--- a/ledger/store/src/helpers/rocksdb/internal/id.rs
+++ b/ledger/store/src/helpers/rocksdb/internal/id.rs
@@ -195,6 +195,7 @@ pub enum TestMap {
     Test2 = DataID::Test2 as u16,
     Test3 = DataID::Test3 as u16,
     Test4 = DataID::Test4 as u16,
+    Test5 = DataID::Test5 as u16,
 }
 
 /// The RocksDB map prefix.
@@ -282,4 +283,6 @@ enum DataID {
     Test3,
     #[cfg(test)]
     Test4,
+    #[cfg(test)]
+    Test5,
 }
diff --git a/ledger/store/src/helpers/rocksdb/internal/nested_map.rs b/ledger/store/src/helpers/rocksdb/internal/nested_map.rs
index 73bf49bee0..b168b3591a 100644
--- a/ledger/store/src/helpers/rocksdb/internal/nested_map.rs
+++ b/ledger/store/src/helpers/rocksdb/internal/nested_map.rs
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 
 use super::*;
 use crate::helpers::{NestedMap, NestedMapRead};
-use console::prelude::FromBytes;
+use console::prelude::{anyhow, FromBytes};
 
 use core::{fmt, fmt::Debug, hash::Hash, mem};
 use std::{borrow::Cow, sync::atomic::Ordering};
@@ -80,10 +80,20 @@ impl<M: Serialize + DeserializeOwned, K: Serialize + DeserializeOwned, V: Serial
 }
 #[inline]
 fn get_map_and_key(map_key: &[u8]) -> Result<(&[u8], &[u8])> {
-    let map_len = u32::from_bytes_le(&map_key[PREFIX_LEN..][..4])? as usize;
-    let map = &map_key[PREFIX_LEN + 4..][..map_len];
-    let key = &map_key[PREFIX_LEN + 4 + map_len..];
+    // Retrieve the map length.
+    let map_len = u32::from_bytes_le(
+        map_key.get(PREFIX_LEN..PREFIX_LEN + 4).ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("NestedMap map_len index out of range"))?,
+    )? as usize;
 
+    // Retrieve the map bytes.
+    let map = map_key
+        .get(PREFIX_LEN + 4..PREFIX_LEN + 4 + map_len)
+        .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("NestedMap map index out of range"))?;
+
+    // Retrieve the key bytes.
+    let key = map_key.get(PREFIX_LEN + 4 + map_len..).ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("NestedMap key index out of range"))?;
+
+    // Return the map and key bytes.
     Ok((map, key))
 }
 
@@ -140,7 +150,9 @@ impl<
                     let (map_key, _) = entry?;
 
                     // Extract the bytes belonging to the map and the key.
-                    let (entry_map, _) = get_map_and_key(&map_key)?;
+                    let Ok((entry_map, _)) = get_map_and_key(&map_key) else {
+                        break;
+                    };
 
                     // If the 'entry_map' matches 'serialized_map', delete the key.
                     if entry_map == serialized_map {
@@ -282,7 +294,9 @@ impl<
                             let (map_key, _) = entry?;
 
                             // Extract the bytes belonging to the map and the key.
-                            let (entry_map, _) = get_map_and_key(&map_key)?;
+                            let Ok((entry_map, _)) = get_map_and_key(&map_key) else {
+                                break;
+                            };
 
                             // If the 'entry_map' matches 'serialized_map', delete the key.
                             if entry_map == serialized_map {
@@ -397,7 +411,9 @@ impl<
             let (map_key, value) = entry?;
 
             // Extract the bytes belonging to the map and the key.
-            let (entry_map, entry_key) = get_map_and_key(&map_key)?;
+            let Ok((entry_map, entry_key)) = get_map_and_key(&map_key) else {
+                break;
+            };
 
             // If the 'entry_map' matches 'serialized_map', deserialize the key and value.
             if entry_map == serialized_map {
@@ -708,7 +724,10 @@ mod tests {
     use crate::{
         atomic_batch_scope,
         atomic_finalize,
-        helpers::rocksdb::{internal::tests::temp_dir, MapID, TestMap},
+        helpers::{
+            rocksdb::{internal::tests::temp_dir, MapID, TestMap},
+            traits::Map,
+        },
         FinalizeMode,
     };
     use console::{
@@ -748,6 +767,28 @@ mod tests {
         }
     }
 
+    fn open_non_nested_map_testing_from_db<
+        K: Serialize + DeserializeOwned,
+        V: Serialize + DeserializeOwned,
+        T: Into<u16>,
+    >(
+        database: RocksDB,
+        map_id: T,
+    ) -> DataMap<K, V> {
+        // Combine contexts to create a new scope.
+        let mut context = database.network_id.to_le_bytes().to_vec();
+        context.extend_from_slice(&(map_id.into()).to_le_bytes());
+
+        // Return the DataMap.
+        DataMap(Arc::new(InnerDataMap {
+            database,
+            context,
+            atomic_batch: Default::default(),
+            batch_in_progress: Default::default(),
+            checkpoints: Default::default(),
+        }))
+    }
+
     struct TestStorage {
         own_map: NestedDataMap<usize, usize, String>,
         extra_maps: TestStorage2,
@@ -798,7 +839,7 @@ mod tests {
             self.own_map.is_atomic_in_progress()
                 && self.extra_maps.own_map1.is_atomic_in_progress()
                 && self.extra_maps.own_map1.is_atomic_in_progress()
-                && self.extra_maps.extra_maps.own_map.is_atomic_in_progress()
+                && self.extra_maps.extra_maps.own_nested_map.is_atomic_in_progress()
         }
     }
 
@@ -855,35 +896,44 @@ mod tests {
     }
 
     struct TestStorage3 {
-        own_map: NestedDataMap<usize, usize, String>,
+        own_nested_map: NestedDataMap<usize, usize, String>,
+        own_map: DataMap<usize, String>,
     }
 
     impl TestStorage3 {
         fn open(database: RocksDB) -> Self {
-            Self { own_map: open_map_testing_from_db(database, MapID::Test(TestMap::Test4)) }
+            Self {
+                own_nested_map: open_map_testing_from_db(database.clone(), MapID::Test(TestMap::Test4)),
+                own_map: open_non_nested_map_testing_from_db(database, MapID::Test(TestMap::Test5)),
+            }
         }
 
         fn start_atomic(&self) {
+            self.own_nested_map.start_atomic();
             self.own_map.start_atomic();
         }
 
         fn is_atomic_in_progress(&self) -> bool {
-            self.own_map.is_atomic_in_progress()
+            self.own_nested_map.is_atomic_in_progress() || self.own_map.is_atomic_in_progress()
         }
 
         fn atomic_checkpoint(&self) {
+            self.own_nested_map.atomic_checkpoint();
             self.own_map.atomic_checkpoint();
         }
 
         fn clear_latest_checkpoint(&self) {
+            self.own_nested_map.clear_latest_checkpoint();
             self.own_map.clear_latest_checkpoint();
         }
 
         fn atomic_rewind(&self) {
+            self.own_nested_map.atomic_rewind();
             self.own_map.atomic_rewind();
         }
 
         fn finish_atomic(&self) -> Result<()> {
+            self.own_nested_map.finish_atomic()?;
             self.own_map.finish_atomic()
         }
     }
@@ -966,6 +1016,29 @@ mod tests {
         crate::helpers::test_helpers::nested_map::check_iterators_match(map);
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    #[serial]
+    #[traced_test]
+    fn test_iter_from_nested_to_non_nested() {
+        // Open a storage with a DataMap right after a NestedDataMap.
+        let database = RocksDB::open_testing(temp_dir(), None).expect("Failed to open a test database");
+        let test_storage = TestStorage3::open(database);
+
+        // Insert 5 (confirmed) records into a nested map 77.
+        for i in 0..5 {
+            test_storage.own_nested_map.insert(77, i, i.to_string()).expect("Failed to insert");
+        }
+
+        // Insert 5 (confirmed) records into the neighboring data map; the keys are large on purpose.
+        for i in 0..5 {
+            test_storage.own_map.insert(usize::MAX - i, (usize::MAX - i).to_string()).expect("Failed to insert");
+        }
+
+        // We should be able to collect the 5 records from the nested data map.
+        let confirmed = test_storage.own_nested_map.get_map_confirmed(&77).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(confirmed.len(), 5);
+    }
+
     #[test]
     #[serial]
     #[traced_test]
@@ -1574,7 +1647,7 @@ mod tests {
         assert!(test_storage.own_map.iter_confirmed().next().is_none());
         assert!(test_storage.extra_maps.own_map1.iter_confirmed().next().is_none());
         assert!(test_storage.extra_maps.own_map2.iter_confirmed().next().is_none());
-        assert!(test_storage.extra_maps.extra_maps.own_map.iter_confirmed().next().is_none());
+        assert!(test_storage.extra_maps.extra_maps.own_nested_map.iter_confirmed().next().is_none());
 
         assert_eq!(test_storage.own_map.checkpoints.lock().last(), None);
 
@@ -1603,11 +1676,11 @@ mod tests {
                 test_storage.extra_maps.own_map2.insert(2, 2, 2.to_string()).unwrap();
 
                 // Start another atomic write batch.
-                atomic_batch_scope!(test_storage.extra_maps.extra_maps.own_map, {
-                    assert!(test_storage.extra_maps.extra_maps.own_map.is_atomic_in_progress());
+                atomic_batch_scope!(test_storage.extra_maps.extra_maps.own_nested_map, {
+                    assert!(test_storage.extra_maps.extra_maps.own_nested_map.is_atomic_in_progress());
 
                     // Write an item into the fourth map.
-                    test_storage.extra_maps.extra_maps.own_map.insert(3, 3, 3.to_string()).unwrap();
+                    test_storage.extra_maps.extra_maps.own_nested_map.insert(3, 3, 3.to_string()).unwrap();
 
                     Ok(())
                 })?;
@@ -1628,7 +1701,7 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(test_storage.own_map.iter_confirmed().count(), 1);
         assert_eq!(test_storage.extra_maps.own_map1.iter_confirmed().count(), 1);
         assert_eq!(test_storage.extra_maps.own_map2.iter_confirmed().count(), 1);
-        assert_eq!(test_storage.extra_maps.extra_maps.own_map.iter_confirmed().count(), 1);
+        assert_eq!(test_storage.extra_maps.extra_maps.own_nested_map.iter_confirmed().count(), 1);
 
         // The atomic_write_batch macro uses ?, so the test returns a Result for simplicity.
         Ok(())
@@ -1659,11 +1732,11 @@ mod tests {
                     test_storage.extra_maps.own_map2.insert(2, 2, 2.to_string()).unwrap();
 
                     // Start another atomic write batch.
-                    let result: Result<()> = atomic_batch_scope!(test_storage.extra_maps.extra_maps.own_map, {
+                    let result: Result<()> = atomic_batch_scope!(test_storage.extra_maps.extra_maps.own_nested_map, {
                         assert!(test_storage.is_atomic_in_progress_everywhere());
 
                         // Write an item into the fourth map.
-                        test_storage.extra_maps.extra_maps.own_map.insert(3, 3, 3.to_string()).unwrap();
+                        test_storage.extra_maps.extra_maps.own_nested_map.insert(3, 3, 3.to_string()).unwrap();
 
                         // Rewind the atomic batch via a simulated error.
                         bail!("An error that will trigger a single rewind.");
@@ -1690,7 +1763,7 @@ mod tests {
         assert!(test_storage.own_map.iter_confirmed().next().is_none());
         assert!(test_storage.extra_maps.own_map1.iter_confirmed().next().is_none());
         assert!(test_storage.extra_maps.own_map2.iter_confirmed().next().is_none());
-        assert!(test_storage.extra_maps.extra_maps.own_map.iter_confirmed().next().is_none());
+        assert!(test_storage.extra_maps.extra_maps.own_nested_map.iter_confirmed().next().is_none());
 
         // Note: all the checks going through .database can be performed on any one
         // of the objects, as all of them share the same instance of the database.
@@ -1706,6 +1779,6 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(test_storage.own_map.iter_confirmed().count(), 1);
         assert_eq!(test_storage.extra_maps.own_map1.iter_confirmed().count(), 1);
         assert_eq!(test_storage.extra_maps.own_map2.iter_confirmed().count(), 1);
-        assert_eq!(test_storage.extra_maps.extra_maps.own_map.iter_confirmed().count(), 0);
+        assert_eq!(test_storage.extra_maps.extra_maps.own_nested_map.iter_confirmed().count(), 0);
     }
 }
diff --git a/ledger/store/src/program/committee.rs b/ledger/store/src/program/committee.rs
index 71c764d51a..62cd6e0bbb 100644
--- a/ledger/store/src/program/committee.rs
+++ b/ledger/store/src/program/committee.rs
@@ -114,7 +114,10 @@ pub trait CommitteeStorage<N: Network>: 'static + Clone + Send + Sync {
             // If the current round is 0, ensure the next round is 0.
             Err(..) => ensure!(next_round == 0, "Next round must be block round 0"),
             // Otherwise, ensure the next round sequentially follows the current round.
-            Ok(current_round) => ensure!(next_round > current_round, "Next round must be greater than current round"),
+            Ok(current_round) => ensure!(
+                next_round > current_round,
+                "Next round {next_round} must be greater than current round {current_round}"
+            ),
         }
 
         // Check the next height.
diff --git a/synthesizer/src/vm/mod.rs b/synthesizer/src/vm/mod.rs
index bfcc0b6d5e..baa491b906 100644
--- a/synthesizer/src/vm/mod.rs
+++ b/synthesizer/src/vm/mod.rs
@@ -187,18 +187,26 @@ impl<N: Network, C: ConsensusStorage<N>> VM<N, C> {
 impl<N: Network, C: ConsensusStorage<N>> VM<N, C> {
     /// Returns a new genesis block for a beacon chain.
     pub fn genesis_beacon<R: Rng + CryptoRng>(&self, private_key: &PrivateKey<N>, rng: &mut R) -> Result<Block<N>> {
+        let private_keys = [*private_key, PrivateKey::new(rng)?, PrivateKey::new(rng)?, PrivateKey::new(rng)?];
+
         // Construct the committee members.
         let members = indexmap::indexmap! {
-            Address::try_from(private_key)? => (ledger_committee::MIN_VALIDATOR_STAKE, true),
-            Address::try_from(PrivateKey::new(rng)?)? => (ledger_committee::MIN_VALIDATOR_STAKE, true),
-            Address::try_from(PrivateKey::new(rng)?)? => (ledger_committee::MIN_VALIDATOR_STAKE, true),
-            Address::try_from(PrivateKey::new(rng)?)? => (ledger_committee::MIN_VALIDATOR_STAKE, true),
+            Address::try_from(private_keys[0])? => (ledger_committee::MIN_VALIDATOR_STAKE, true),
+            Address::try_from(private_keys[1])? => (ledger_committee::MIN_VALIDATOR_STAKE, true),
+            Address::try_from(private_keys[2])? => (ledger_committee::MIN_VALIDATOR_STAKE, true),
+            Address::try_from(private_keys[3])? => (ledger_committee::MIN_VALIDATOR_STAKE, true),
         };
         // Construct the committee.
         let committee = Committee::<N>::new_genesis(members)?;
+
+        // Compute the remaining supply.
+        let remaining_supply = N::STARTING_SUPPLY - (ledger_committee::MIN_VALIDATOR_STAKE * 4);
         // Construct the public balances.
         let public_balances = indexmap::indexmap! {
-            Address::try_from(private_key)? => N::STARTING_SUPPLY - (ledger_committee::MIN_VALIDATOR_STAKE * 4),
+            Address::try_from(private_keys[0])? => remaining_supply / 4,
+            Address::try_from(private_keys[1])? => remaining_supply / 4,
+            Address::try_from(private_keys[2])? => remaining_supply / 4,
+            Address::try_from(private_keys[3])? => remaining_supply / 4,
         };
         // Return the genesis block.
         self.genesis_quorum(private_key, committee, public_balances, rng)
diff --git a/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/child_and_parent.out b/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/child_and_parent.out
index 919b9291a5..6aab0a972c 100644
--- a/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/child_and_parent.out
+++ b/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/child_and_parent.out
@@ -26,8 +26,8 @@ additional:
 - child_outputs:
     child.aleo/foo:
       outputs:
-      - '{"type":"public","id":"2459501703788162014390032218062615187041680109741533589876416940768900522799field","value":"aleo16w8t56s7v6ud7vu33fr388ph0dq0c7yhp597cyjt88rr3nultcyqcyk9yy"}'
-      - '{"type":"public","id":"4059102611680484817772932189626681723346184344473090391520905329315796272971field","value":"aleo1qr2ha4pfs5l28aze88yn6fhleeythklkczrule2v838uwj65n5gqxt9djx"}'
+      - '{"type":"public","id":"5712527802009221538913597905008159571083800168555613323828114175105395494302field","value":"aleo16w8t56s7v6ud7vu33fr388ph0dq0c7yhp597cyjt88rr3nultcyqcyk9yy"}'
+      - '{"type":"public","id":"2170761061395221552321793888804720334493316122331828231173520748015857657389field","value":"aleo1qr2ha4pfs5l28aze88yn6fhleeythklkczrule2v838uwj65n5gqxt9djx"}'
     credits.aleo/fee_public:
       outputs:
       - '{"type":"future","id":"6934683053495529076879804638371439764251999038469408002617655045734104381794field","value":"{\n  program_id: credits.aleo,\n  function_name: fee_public,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo1qr2ha4pfs5l28aze88yn6fhleeythklkczrule2v838uwj65n5gqxt9djx,\n    2123u64\n  ]\n}"}'
diff --git a/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/complex_finalization.out b/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/complex_finalization.out
index 16fed64edf..968809fe2f 100644
--- a/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/complex_finalization.out
+++ b/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/complex_finalization.out
@@ -11,16 +11,16 @@ additional:
 - child_outputs:
     zero_program.aleo/c:
       outputs:
-      - '{"type":"future","id":"868980695576387061465481340013995581415399669646103119988420471982198353684field","value":"{\n  program_id: zero_program.aleo,\n  function_name: c,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo1kw4knandael9qcpxs6g36rr6h7dwvjz6q25ueah6zz9v57zjlvxsx5llq8\n  ]\n}"}'
+      - '{"type":"future","id":"6477965281694625542813245938794172569328608429706708191922101843636085582648field","value":"{\n  program_id: zero_program.aleo,\n  function_name: c,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo1kw4knandael9qcpxs6g36rr6h7dwvjz6q25ueah6zz9v57zjlvxsx5llq8\n  ]\n}"}'
     one_program.aleo/d:
       outputs:
-      - '{"type":"future","id":"7019513656735375987781202584670889731433817481734857255379784812609399295012field","value":"{\n  program_id: one_program.aleo,\n  function_name: d,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo1kw4knandael9qcpxs6g36rr6h7dwvjz6q25ueah6zz9v57zjlvxsx5llq8\n  ]\n}"}'
+      - '{"type":"future","id":"7600562933389723321829659564857024316904973330057294558938622149411503122565field","value":"{\n  program_id: one_program.aleo,\n  function_name: d,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo1kw4knandael9qcpxs6g36rr6h7dwvjz6q25ueah6zz9v57zjlvxsx5llq8\n  ]\n}"}'
     two_program.aleo/b:
       outputs:
-      - '{"type":"future","id":"3159380222510695027024010240323042120907966737357325980281186387999863524975field","value":"{\n  program_id: two_program.aleo,\n  function_name: b,\n  arguments: [\n    {\n      program_id: zero_program.aleo,\n      function_name: c,\n      arguments: [\n        aleo1kw4knandael9qcpxs6g36rr6h7dwvjz6q25ueah6zz9v57zjlvxsx5llq8\n      ]\n    },\n    {\n      program_id: one_program.aleo,\n      function_name: d,\n      arguments: [\n        aleo1kw4knandael9qcpxs6g36rr6h7dwvjz6q25ueah6zz9v57zjlvxsx5llq8\n      ]\n    },\n    aleo1kw4knandael9qcpxs6g36rr6h7dwvjz6q25ueah6zz9v57zjlvxsx5llq8\n  ]\n}"}'
+      - '{"type":"future","id":"1088466287454699993852527092566314082160141085274506025284078608454717245108field","value":"{\n  program_id: two_program.aleo,\n  function_name: b,\n  arguments: [\n    {\n      program_id: zero_program.aleo,\n      function_name: c,\n      arguments: [\n        aleo1kw4knandael9qcpxs6g36rr6h7dwvjz6q25ueah6zz9v57zjlvxsx5llq8\n      ]\n    },\n    {\n      program_id: one_program.aleo,\n      function_name: d,\n      arguments: [\n        aleo1kw4knandael9qcpxs6g36rr6h7dwvjz6q25ueah6zz9v57zjlvxsx5llq8\n      ]\n    },\n    aleo1kw4knandael9qcpxs6g36rr6h7dwvjz6q25ueah6zz9v57zjlvxsx5llq8\n  ]\n}"}'
     three_program.aleo/e:
       outputs:
-      - '{"type":"future","id":"2107445810553019850887004032370986179841471500877564050507038295661575797827field","value":"{\n  program_id: three_program.aleo,\n  function_name: e,\n  arguments: [\n    {\n      program_id: two_program.aleo,\n      function_name: b,\n      arguments: [\n        {\n          program_id: zero_program.aleo,\n          function_name: c,\n          arguments: [\n            aleo1kw4knandael9qcpxs6g36rr6h7dwvjz6q25ueah6zz9v57zjlvxsx5llq8\n          ]\n        },\n        {\n          program_id: one_program.aleo,\n          function_name: d,\n          arguments: [\n            aleo1kw4knandael9qcpxs6g36rr6h7dwvjz6q25ueah6zz9v57zjlvxsx5llq8\n          ]\n        },\n        aleo1kw4knandael9qcpxs6g36rr6h7dwvjz6q25ueah6zz9v57zjlvxsx5llq8\n      ]\n    },\n    {\n      program_id: one_program.aleo,\n      function_name: d,\n      arguments: [\n        aleo1kw4knandael9qcpxs6g36rr6h7dwvjz6q25ueah6zz9v57zjlvxsx5llq8\n      ]\n    },\n    {\n      program_id: zero_program.aleo,\n      function_name: c,\n      arguments: [\n        aleo1kw4knandael9qcpxs6g36rr6h7dwvjz6q25ueah6zz9v57zjlvxsx5llq8\n      ]\n    },\n    aleo1kw4knandael9qcpxs6g36rr6h7dwvjz6q25ueah6zz9v57zjlvxsx5llq8\n  ]\n}"}'
+      - '{"type":"future","id":"7841227793321257675149138943803344962284191528517008231244304707117434937108field","value":"{\n  program_id: three_program.aleo,\n  function_name: e,\n  arguments: [\n    {\n      program_id: two_program.aleo,\n      function_name: b,\n      arguments: [\n        {\n          program_id: zero_program.aleo,\n          function_name: c,\n          arguments: [\n            aleo1kw4knandael9qcpxs6g36rr6h7dwvjz6q25ueah6zz9v57zjlvxsx5llq8\n          ]\n        },\n        {\n          program_id: one_program.aleo,\n          function_name: d,\n          arguments: [\n            aleo1kw4knandael9qcpxs6g36rr6h7dwvjz6q25ueah6zz9v57zjlvxsx5llq8\n          ]\n        },\n        aleo1kw4knandael9qcpxs6g36rr6h7dwvjz6q25ueah6zz9v57zjlvxsx5llq8\n      ]\n    },\n    {\n      program_id: one_program.aleo,\n      function_name: d,\n      arguments: [\n        aleo1kw4knandael9qcpxs6g36rr6h7dwvjz6q25ueah6zz9v57zjlvxsx5llq8\n      ]\n    },\n    {\n      program_id: zero_program.aleo,\n      function_name: c,\n      arguments: [\n        aleo1kw4knandael9qcpxs6g36rr6h7dwvjz6q25ueah6zz9v57zjlvxsx5llq8\n      ]\n    },\n    aleo1kw4knandael9qcpxs6g36rr6h7dwvjz6q25ueah6zz9v57zjlvxsx5llq8\n  ]\n}"}'
     credits.aleo/fee_public:
       outputs:
       - '{"type":"future","id":"1237672223493374809326586125815613616482431271830981051687054520069740484800field","value":"{\n  program_id: credits.aleo,\n  function_name: fee_public,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo1kw4knandael9qcpxs6g36rr6h7dwvjz6q25ueah6zz9v57zjlvxsx5llq8,\n    1312883u64\n  ]\n}"}'
diff --git a/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/count_usages.out b/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/count_usages.out
index 7933b15076..21f59e8527 100644
--- a/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/count_usages.out
+++ b/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/count_usages.out
@@ -12,12 +12,12 @@ additional:
 - child_outputs:
     basic_math.aleo/add_and_count:
       outputs:
-      - '{"type":"private","id":"2687119938526671223430712275520099287526474990567687943355031309835685603554field","value":"ciphertext1qyqp0gkmren9kcflhxpg3v9e2cw97um7lu4tfwuh7w5h5nk4mpvjjpquaydnu"}'
-      - '{"type":"future","id":"4247717008565083288734190529633596823232122291180671236322823911170152094500field","value":"{\n  program_id: basic_math.aleo,\n  function_name: add_and_count,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo1mrughg5ssadd9fc2uwve7l6u24xn76kyz24zsjtzta03vgkq4vpqggl6fg\n  ]\n}"}'
+      - '{"type":"private","id":"4561312717108467882490189383753688162224283446985485227292501566765195528324field","value":"ciphertext1qyqxqf95wz9zvjvpar4mvg0uh8xuc3dwd0g3z7rggzs37wgn59lk5rqeqev0f"}'
+      - '{"type":"future","id":"1823043499627326708916435552316425587964911687609516559408234217585811375291field","value":"{\n  program_id: basic_math.aleo,\n  function_name: add_and_count,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo1mrughg5ssadd9fc2uwve7l6u24xn76kyz24zsjtzta03vgkq4vpqggl6fg\n  ]\n}"}'
     basic_math.aleo/sub_and_count:
       outputs:
-      - '{"type":"private","id":"7992464697490466293984943598604231412571016633865588345761260178196099457747field","value":"ciphertext1qyqxeag0ujtnn39yp0x9qryt77fkcklyc466cp3l7g8wgt4524jngzqz5ask9"}'
-      - '{"type":"future","id":"6594089907002769296322737141374301940875927088813929000246625002187630516842field","value":"{\n  program_id: basic_math.aleo,\n  function_name: sub_and_count,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo1mrughg5ssadd9fc2uwve7l6u24xn76kyz24zsjtzta03vgkq4vpqggl6fg\n  ]\n}"}'
+      - '{"type":"private","id":"6179141860878239968710321244474677697823391063964518415169464613412286673421field","value":"ciphertext1qyqd9vtp4hdlacy9n322hvdywk84crzw47vfygjmxe253v2tgjqpxqcq5jx54"}'
+      - '{"type":"future","id":"6353584285709285028969780236537279966694496448826640752394833353716781489471field","value":"{\n  program_id: basic_math.aleo,\n  function_name: sub_and_count,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo1mrughg5ssadd9fc2uwve7l6u24xn76kyz24zsjtzta03vgkq4vpqggl6fg\n  ]\n}"}'
     credits.aleo/fee_public:
       outputs:
       - '{"type":"future","id":"1724410343181243501519372165830316719575121816257937877011429517054089311771field","value":"{\n  program_id: credits.aleo,\n  function_name: fee_public,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo1kw4knandael9qcpxs6g36rr6h7dwvjz6q25ueah6zz9v57zjlvxsx5llq8,\n    263392u64\n  ]\n}"}'
diff --git a/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/program_callable.out b/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/program_callable.out
index 17a70a1d39..35b4c94e05 100644
--- a/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/program_callable.out
+++ b/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/program_callable.out
@@ -16,8 +16,8 @@ additional:
 - child_outputs:
     child.aleo/foo:
       outputs:
-      - '{"type":"public","id":"6570086835149819439219303224003492878705751026121012692011734299993965867007field","value":"aleo16w8t56s7v6ud7vu33fr388ph0dq0c7yhp597cyjt88rr3nultcyqcyk9yy"}'
-      - '{"type":"public","id":"2866009676898789345591427281882170655806617413858789892357234972821058149651field","value":"aleo1qr2ha4pfs5l28aze88yn6fhleeythklkczrule2v838uwj65n5gqxt9djx"}'
+      - '{"type":"public","id":"8256096006685601051730823022659471790701845130080598423319521977566444421040field","value":"aleo16w8t56s7v6ud7vu33fr388ph0dq0c7yhp597cyjt88rr3nultcyqcyk9yy"}'
+      - '{"type":"public","id":"5221989025862141472722693152948767316757289409356062808145501796303456062879field","value":"aleo1qr2ha4pfs5l28aze88yn6fhleeythklkczrule2v838uwj65n5gqxt9djx"}'
     credits.aleo/fee_public:
       outputs:
       - '{"type":"future","id":"2015747658045377273535220569098051012671760616560705166778921345457847058512field","value":"{\n  program_id: credits.aleo,\n  function_name: fee_public,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo1qr2ha4pfs5l28aze88yn6fhleeythklkczrule2v838uwj65n5gqxt9djx,\n    2123u64\n  ]\n}"}'
diff --git a/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/public_wallet.out b/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/public_wallet.out
index 1276dd48c4..96fdcea20c 100644
--- a/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/public_wallet.out
+++ b/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/public_wallet.out
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ additional:
 - child_outputs:
     token.aleo/mint_public:
       outputs:
-      - '{"type":"future","id":"3687815127788961249655268422309693065088885703875160126919606715756865244929field","value":"{\n  program_id: token.aleo,\n  function_name: mint_public,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo1sry3pke49ykrf0aeshf889tr98r4c86p5f4ms766795ssdwfdyqq9jdg0j,\n    10u64\n  ]\n}"}'
+      - '{"type":"future","id":"3040250960739602137216192760697867018750676343790464348994684811613512872895field","value":"{\n  program_id: token.aleo,\n  function_name: mint_public,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo1sry3pke49ykrf0aeshf889tr98r4c86p5f4ms766795ssdwfdyqq9jdg0j,\n    10u64\n  ]\n}"}'
     credits.aleo/fee_public:
       outputs:
       - '{"type":"future","id":"4373249435479943424484888940718424132561120812144078253060284512525421799293field","value":"{\n  program_id: credits.aleo,\n  function_name: fee_public,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo1d3e2je2m2hsxwdsvntvf4jnnlj459ywfry6ch2qwrpy6l6r6yvpq8e88h5,\n    131201u64\n  ]\n}"}'
diff --git a/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/test_rand.out b/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/test_rand.out
index d1a041cc47..4fefc62cfd 100644
--- a/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/test_rand.out
+++ b/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/test_rand.out
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ outputs:
     test_rand.aleo/rand_chacha_check:
       outputs:
       - '{"type":"future","id":"887371549615679800380522845098080464570119184210350810479392117984911457950field","value":"{\n  program_id: test_rand.aleo,\n  function_name: rand_chacha_check,\n  arguments: [\n    1field,\n    true\n  ]\n}"}'
-  speculate: the execution was rejected
+  speculate: the execution was accepted
   add_next_block: succeeded.
 additional:
 - child_outputs: