diff --git a/code/client/src/services/communication/socket/operationEmitter.ts b/code/client/src/services/communication/socket/operationEmitter.ts
index 96fb93b2..ce077eec 100644
--- a/code/client/src/services/communication/socket/operationEmitter.ts
+++ b/code/client/src/services/communication/socket/operationEmitter.ts
@@ -30,7 +30,6 @@ export class OperationEmitter {
   }
 
   private emitOperations() {
-    console.log('operation');
     if (isEmpty(this.operationBuffer)) return;
     if (this.operationBuffer.length > this.chunkSize) {
       this.emitChunked();
diff --git a/code/client/src/services/communication/socket/socketCommunication.ts b/code/client/src/services/communication/socket/socketCommunication.ts
index 29076c78..4a2ed4bb 100644
--- a/code/client/src/services/communication/socket/socketCommunication.ts
+++ b/code/client/src/services/communication/socket/socketCommunication.ts
@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@ function emit(str: string, data: any) {
   const socket = namespaces[`/${namespace}`];
   if (!socket) throw new Error('Invalid namespace');
   socket.emit(event, data);
-  console.log(namespace, event, data);
 }
 
 function on(eventHandlers: SocketEventHandlers) {
diff --git a/code/client/src/ui/pages/workspace/hooks/useWorkspaces.ts b/code/client/src/ui/pages/workspace/hooks/useWorkspaces.ts
index 2ab78487..906abdcb 100644
--- a/code/client/src/ui/pages/workspace/hooks/useWorkspaces.ts
+++ b/code/client/src/ui/pages/workspace/hooks/useWorkspaces.ts
@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@ function useWorkspaces() {
   }
 
   async function createWorkspace(values: { [key: string]: string }) {
-    console.log('Creating workspace', values);
     if (!values.name) throw new Error('Workspace name is required');
     // ... validate other fields
     const workspace = await http.post('/workspaces', values);
diff --git a/code/server/src/ts/controllers/http/workspace/resourcesHandlers.ts b/code/server/src/ts/controllers/http/workspace/resourcesHandlers.ts
index a8c1468a..a1d6d378 100644
--- a/code/server/src/ts/controllers/http/workspace/resourcesHandlers.ts
+++ b/code/server/src/ts/controllers/http/workspace/resourcesHandlers.ts
@@ -13,15 +13,15 @@ function resourcesHandlers(service: ResourcesService, io: Server) {
    * @param res
    */
   const createResource = async (req: Request, res: Response) => {
+    const { wid } = req.params;
     const resource = req.body as ResourceInputModel;
     if (!resource) throw new InvalidParameterError('Body is required');
-    const { workspace, type, name, parent } = resource;
-    if (!workspace) throw new InvalidParameterError('Workspace id is required');
+    const { type, name, parent } = resource;
+    if (!wid) throw new InvalidParameterError('Workspace id is required');
     if (!type) throw new InvalidParameterError('Resource type is required');
-    if (!name) throw new InvalidParameterError('Resource name is required');
     if (!parent) throw new InvalidParameterError('Resource parent is required');
-    const id = await service.createResource(workspace, name, type, parent);
-    io.of('/workspaces').in(workspace).emit('resources:create', { id, name, type, parent });
+    const id = await service.createResource(wid, name, type, parent);
+    io.of('/workspaces').in(wid).emit('resources:create', { id, name, type, parent });
     httpResponse.created(res).json({ id });
   };
 
@@ -45,6 +45,8 @@ function resourcesHandlers(service: ResourcesService, io: Server) {
    */
   const updateResource = async (req: Request, res: Response) => {
     const { wid, id } = req.params;
+    if (!wid) throw new InvalidParameterError('Workspace id is required');
+    if (!id) throw new InvalidParameterError('Resource id is required');
     const resource = req.body as Partial<WorkspaceResource>;
     if (!resource) throw new InvalidParameterError('Body is required');
     await service.updateResource(id, resource);
@@ -59,6 +61,8 @@ function resourcesHandlers(service: ResourcesService, io: Server) {
    */
   const deleteResource = async (req: Request, res: Response) => {
     const { wid, id } = req.params;
+    if (!wid) throw new InvalidParameterError('Workspace id is required');
+    if (!id) throw new InvalidParameterError('Resource id is required');
     await service.deleteResource(id);
     io.of('/workspaces').in(wid).emit('resources:delete', { id });
     httpResponse.noContent(res).send();
diff --git a/code/server/src/ts/controllers/http/workspace/workspaceHandlers.ts b/code/server/src/ts/controllers/http/workspace/workspaceHandlers.ts
index ca573f80..ca041d34 100644
--- a/code/server/src/ts/controllers/http/workspace/workspaceHandlers.ts
+++ b/code/server/src/ts/controllers/http/workspace/workspaceHandlers.ts
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import { Request, Response } from 'express';
 import { WorkspaceMetaData } from '@notespace/shared/src/workspace/types/workspace';
 import { Services } from '@services/Services';
 import { Server } from 'socket.io';
+import { InvalidParameterError } from '@domain/errors/errors';
 
 function workspaceHandlers(services: Services, io: Server) {
   /**
@@ -14,6 +15,7 @@ function workspaceHandlers(services: Services, io: Server) {
    */
   const createWorkspace = async (req: Request, res: Response) => {
     const { name } = req.body as WorkspaceMetaData;
+    if (!name) throw new InvalidParameterError('Workspace name is required');
     const id = await services.workspace.createWorkspace(name);
     httpResponse.created(res).json({ id });
   };
@@ -46,6 +48,8 @@ function workspaceHandlers(services: Services, io: Server) {
    */
   const updateWorkspace = async (req: Request, res: Response) => {
     const { id, name } = req.body as WorkspaceMetaData;
+    if (!id) throw new InvalidParameterError('Workspace id is required');
+    if (!name) throw new InvalidParameterError('Workspace name is required');
     await services.workspace.updateWorkspace(id, name);
     io.of('/workspaces').in(id).emit('workspaces:update', { id, name });
     httpResponse.noContent(res).send();
@@ -58,6 +62,7 @@ function workspaceHandlers(services: Services, io: Server) {
    */
   const deleteWorkspace = async (req: Request, res: Response) => {
     const { wid } = req.params;
+    if (!wid) throw new InvalidParameterError('Workspace id is required');
     await services.workspace.deleteWorkspace(wid);
     io.of('/workspaces').in(wid).emit('workspaces:delete', { id: wid });
     httpResponse.noContent(res).send();
diff --git a/code/server/src/ts/database/postgres/PostgresResourceDatabase.ts b/code/server/src/ts/database/postgres/PostgresResourceDatabase.ts
index 50bec591..d4c0aba8 100644
--- a/code/server/src/ts/database/postgres/PostgresResourceDatabase.ts
+++ b/code/server/src/ts/database/postgres/PostgresResourceDatabase.ts
@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@ import { InvalidParameterError, NotFoundError } from '@domain/errors/errors';
 import sql from '@database/postgres/config';
 
 export class PostgresResourceDatabase implements ResourceRepository {
-  async createResource(wid: string, name: string, type: ResourceType, parent: string): Promise<string> {
-    const resource = { workspace: wid, name, type, parent };
+  async createResource(wid: string, name: string, type: ResourceType, parent?: string): Promise<string> {
+    const resource = { workspace: wid, name, type, parent: parent || 'IDKYET' };
     const results = await sql`
         INSERT INTO resource ${sql(resource)}
         RETURNING id
diff --git a/code/server/src/ts/database/types.d.ts b/code/server/src/ts/database/types.d.ts
index c0c0b40d..3036e056 100644
--- a/code/server/src/ts/database/types.d.ts
+++ b/code/server/src/ts/database/types.d.ts
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ export interface DocumentRepository {
  * Resource Repository - Interface for handling resources metadata management
  */
 export interface ResourceRepository {
-  createResource: (wid: string, name: string, type: ResourceType, parent: string) => Promise<string>;
+  createResource: (wid: string, name: string, type: ResourceType, parent?: string) => Promise<string>;
   getResource: (id: string) => Promise<WorkspaceResource>;
   updateResource: (id: string, newProps: Partial<WorkspaceResource>) => Promise<void>;
   deleteResource: (id: string) => Promise<void>;
diff --git a/code/server/src/ts/services/ResourcesService.ts b/code/server/src/ts/services/ResourcesService.ts
index 01693105..a8f62c3d 100644
--- a/code/server/src/ts/services/ResourcesService.ts
+++ b/code/server/src/ts/services/ResourcesService.ts
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ export class ResourcesService {
     this.documents = documents;
   }
 
-  async createResource(wid: string, name: string, type: ResourceType, parent: string): Promise<string> {
+  async createResource(wid: string, name: string, type: ResourceType, parent?: string): Promise<string> {
     return await this.resources.createResource(wid, name, type, parent);
   }
 
diff --git a/code/server/src/ts/services/WorkspaceService.ts b/code/server/src/ts/services/WorkspaceService.ts
index 25004f67..098f3240 100644
--- a/code/server/src/ts/services/WorkspaceService.ts
+++ b/code/server/src/ts/services/WorkspaceService.ts
@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ export class WorkspaceService {
     this.database = database;
   }
 
-  async createWorkspace(title: string): Promise<string> {
-    return await this.database.createWorkspace(title);
+  async createWorkspace(name: string): Promise<string> {
+    return await this.database.createWorkspace(name);
   }
 
   async getWorkspaces(): Promise<WorkspaceMetaData[]> {
diff --git a/code/server/test/document/conflict-resolution.test.ts b/code/server/test/documents/conflict-resolution.test.ts
similarity index 76%
rename from code/server/test/document/conflict-resolution.test.ts
rename to code/server/test/documents/conflict-resolution.test.ts
index d3bb86e6..d6d8ab2e 100644
--- a/code/server/test/document/conflict-resolution.test.ts
+++ b/code/server/test/documents/conflict-resolution.test.ts
@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
 import * as http from 'http';
-import request = require('supertest');
 import { Server } from 'socket.io';
 import { setup } from '../server.test';
 import { applyOperations } from './utils';
-import { Express } from 'express';
 import { io, Socket } from 'socket.io-client';
-import { InsertOperation, DeleteOperation, Operation } from '@notespace/shared/src/document/types/operations';
+import { InsertOperation, DeleteOperation } from '@notespace/shared/src/document/types/operations';
 import { FugueTree } from '@notespace/shared/src/document/FugueTree';
+import { requests as requestOperations } from '../utils/requests';
+import { randomString } from '../utils';
 
 const PORT = process.env.PORT || 8080;
 const BASE_URL = `http://localhost:${PORT}/document`;
 let ioServer: Server;
 let httpServer: http.Server;
-let app: Express;
+let requests: ReturnType<typeof requestOperations>;
 let client1: Socket;
 let client2: Socket;
 let tree = new FugueTree<string>();
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ beforeAll(done => {
   const { _http, _io, _app } = setup();
   httpServer = _http;
   ioServer = _io;
-  app = _app;
+  requests = requestOperations(_app);
 
   // ioServer.on('connection', onConnectionHandler);
   httpServer.listen(PORT, () => {
@@ -47,6 +47,15 @@ beforeEach(() => {
 
 describe('Operations must be commutative', () => {
   test('insert operations should be commutative', async () => {
+    // setup document
+    const wid = await requests.workspace.createWorkspace(randomString());
+    const id = await requests.document.createDocument(wid);
+
+    // clients join the document
+    client1.emit('join', id);
+    client2.emit('join', id);
+
+    // create insert operations
     const insert1: InsertOperation = {
       type: 'insert',
       id: { sender: 'A', counter: 0 },
@@ -61,14 +70,6 @@ describe('Operations must be commutative', () => {
       parent: { sender: 'root', counter: 0 },
       side: 'R',
     };
-    // create a document
-    const createdResponse = await request(app).post('/documents');
-    expect(createdResponse.status).toBe(201);
-    const id = createdResponse.body.id;
-
-    // clients join the document
-    client1.emit('join', id);
-    client2.emit('join', id);
 
     // client 1 inserts 'a' and client 2 inserts 'b'
     client1.emit('operation', [insert1]);
@@ -77,12 +78,10 @@ describe('Operations must be commutative', () => {
     await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, 500));
 
     // get the document
-    const response = await request(app).get('/documents/' + id);
-    expect(response.status).toBe(200);
-    const operations = response.body.operations as Operation[];
+    const document = await requests.document.getDocument(wid, id);
 
     // apply the operations to the tree
-    applyOperations(tree, operations);
+    applyOperations(tree, document.content);
 
     expect(tree.toString()).toBe('ab');
   });
@@ -90,6 +89,15 @@ describe('Operations must be commutative', () => {
 
 describe('Operations must be idempotent', () => {
   test('delete operations should be idempotent', async () => {
+    // setup document
+    const wid = await requests.workspace.createWorkspace(randomString());
+    const id = await requests.document.createDocument(wid);
+
+    // clients join the document
+    client1.emit('join', id);
+    client2.emit('join', id);
+
+    // create insert operations
     const insert1: InsertOperation = {
       type: 'insert',
       id: { sender: 'A', counter: 0 },
@@ -105,15 +113,6 @@ describe('Operations must be idempotent', () => {
       side: 'R',
     };
 
-    // create a document
-    const createdResponse = await request(app).post('/documents');
-    expect(createdResponse.status).toBe(201);
-    const id = createdResponse.body.id;
-
-    // clients join the document
-    client1.emit('join', id);
-    client2.emit('join', id);
-
     // both clients insert 'a'
     client1.emit('operation', [insert1]);
     client2.emit('operation', [insert2]);
@@ -130,9 +129,8 @@ describe('Operations must be idempotent', () => {
 
     await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, 500));
 
-    const response = await request(app).get('/documents/' + id);
-    const operations = response.body.operations as Operation[];
-    applyOperations(tree, operations);
+    const document = await requests.document.getDocument(wid, id);
+    applyOperations(tree, document.content);
     expect(tree.toString()).toBe('a');
   });
 });
diff --git a/code/server/test/document/utils.ts b/code/server/test/documents/utils.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from code/server/test/document/utils.ts
rename to code/server/test/documents/utils.ts
diff --git a/code/server/test/utils.ts b/code/server/test/utils.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..20cd08c4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/code/server/test/utils.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+export function randomString(length: number = 10): string {
+  return Math.random()
+    .toString(36)
+    .substring(2, 2 + length);
+}
diff --git a/code/server/test/utils/documentRequests.ts b/code/server/test/utils/documentRequests.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..edb00d77
--- /dev/null
+++ b/code/server/test/utils/documentRequests.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+import { Express } from 'express';
+import request = require('supertest');
+import { DocumentResource, ResourceInputModel, ResourceType } from '@notespace/shared/src/workspace/types/resource';
+
+export function documentRequests(app: Express) {
+  async function createDocument(wid: string, name?: string): Promise<string> {
+    const resource: ResourceInputModel = {
+      name: name || 'Untitled',
+      type: ResourceType.DOCUMENT,
+      parent: undefined,
+    };
+    const response = await request(app).post(`/workspaces/${wid}`).send(resource);
+    expect(response.status).toBe(201);
+    return response.body.id;
+  }
+
+  async function getDocument(wid: string, id: string): Promise<DocumentResource> {
+    const response = await request(app).get(`/workspaces/${wid}/${id}`);
+    expect(response.status).toBe(200);
+    if (response.body.type !== ResourceType.DOCUMENT) throw new Error('Resource is not a document');
+    return response.body;
+  }
+
+  async function updateDocument(wid: string, id: string, name: string) {
+    const response = await request(app).put(`/workspaces/${wid}/${id}`).send({ name });
+    expect(response.status).toBe(204);
+  }
+
+  async function deleteDocument(wid: string, id: string) {
+    const response = await request(app).delete(`/workspaces/${wid}/${id}`);
+    expect(response.status).toBe(204);
+  }
+
+  return { createDocument, getDocument, updateDocument, deleteDocument };
+}
diff --git a/code/server/test/utils/requests.ts b/code/server/test/utils/requests.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..bc08307e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/code/server/test/utils/requests.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+import { Express } from 'express';
+import { documentRequests } from './documentRequests';
+import { workspaceRequests } from './workspaceRequests';
+
+export function requests(app: Express) {
+  return {
+    document: documentRequests(app),
+    workspace: workspaceRequests(app),
+  };
+}
diff --git a/code/server/test/utils/workspaceRequests.ts b/code/server/test/utils/workspaceRequests.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..009604af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/code/server/test/utils/workspaceRequests.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+import { Express } from 'express';
+import request = require('supertest');
+import { WorkspaceMetaData } from '@notespace/shared/src/workspace/types/workspace';
+
+export function workspaceRequests(app: Express) {
+  async function createWorkspace(name: string): Promise<string> {
+    const response = await request(app).post('/workspaces').send({ name });
+    expect(response.status).toBe(201);
+    return response.body.id;
+  }
+
+  async function getWorkspaces(): Promise<WorkspaceMetaData[]> {
+    const response = await request(app).get('/workspaces');
+    expect(response.status).toBe(200);
+    return response.body;
+  }
+
+  async function getWorkspace(id: string, metaOnly: boolean): Promise<WorkspaceMetaData> {
+    const response = await request(app).get(`/workspaces/${id}?metaOnly=${metaOnly}`);
+    expect(response.status).toBe(200);
+    return response.body;
+  }
+
+  async function updateWorkspace(id: string, name: string) {
+    const response = await request(app).put(`/workspaces/${id}`).send({ name });
+    expect(response.status).toBe(204);
+  }
+
+  async function deleteWorkspace(id: string) {
+    const response = await request(app).delete(`/workspaces/${id}`);
+    expect(response.status).toBe(204);
+  }
+
+  return { createWorkspace, getWorkspaces, getWorkspace, updateWorkspace, deleteWorkspace };
+}
diff --git a/code/shared/src/workspace/types/resource.ts b/code/shared/src/workspace/types/resource.ts
index 2511d2d0..d2f7a904 100644
--- a/code/shared/src/workspace/types/resource.ts
+++ b/code/shared/src/workspace/types/resource.ts
@@ -11,10 +11,9 @@ export interface WorkspaceResource {
 }
 
 export interface ResourceInputModel {
-  workspace: string;
   name: string;
   type: ResourceType;
-  parent: string;
+  parent?: string;
 }
 
 export enum ResourceType {