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New Functions Documentation.txt
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New Functions Documentation.txt
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ALL ARGUMENTS ARE FLOATS UNLESS STATED OTHERWISE
"T": Any type
----------------------------------------------> [Base Script] <----------------------------------------------
--------------------------------> New Constants <--------------------------------
M_PI = pi ; 3.14159265358979323846
M_PI_2 = M_PI / 2 ; 1.57079632679489661923
M_PI_4 = M_PI / 4 ; 0.78539816339744830962
M_PI_X2 = M_PI * 2 ; 6.28318530717958647693
M_PI_X4 = M_PI * 4 ; 12.5663706143591729539
M_1_PI = 1 / M_PI ; 0.31830988618379067154
M_2_PI = 2 / M_PI ; 0.63661977236758134308
M_SQRTPI = sqrt(M_PI) ; 1.772453850905516027298
M_1_SQRTPI = 1 / sqrt(M_PI) ; 0.56418958354775628695
M_2_SQRTPI = 2 / sqrt(M_PI) ; 1.128379167095512573896
M_SQRT2 = sqrt(2) ; 1.4142135623730950488
M_SQRT2_2 = sqrt(2) / 2 ; 0.7071067811865475244
M_SQRT2_X2 = sqrt(2) * 2 ; 2.8284271247461900976
M_E = e ; 2.71828182845904523536
M_LOG2E = log2(e) ; 1.44269504088896340736
M_LOG10E = log10(e) ; 0.43429448190325182765
M_LN2 = ln(2) ; 0.69314718055994530942
M_LN10 = ln(10) ; 2.30258509299404568402
M_PHI = (1 + sqrt(5)) / 2 ; 1.61803398874989484821
M_1_PHI = 1 / M_PHI ; 0.6180339887498948482
INF = infinity float
NAN = NaN float
--------------------------------> Basic Operations <--------------------------------
__DEBUG_BREAK
Description:
Triggers a debug break. For developers.
wait
Arguments:
1) (int) frame
Description:
Pauses the execution for the given amount of frames.
Much faster than loop(n){yield;}
typeof
Arguments:
1) (T) value
Returns:
(int) type
Description:
Returns the type of the given value.
Example:
-60i -> VAR_INT
920 -> VAR_FLOAT
false -> VAR_BOOL
"str" -> VAR_STRING
[8, 0, 2] -> VAR_ARRAY
ftypeof
Arguments:
1) (T) value
Returns:
(int) type
Description:
Returns the root type of the given value.
Example:
920 -> VAR_FLOAT
false -> VAR_BOOL
"str" -> VAR_CHAR
[8, 0, 2] -> VAR_FLOAT
[[["a"]]] -> VAR_CHAR
resize
Arguments:
1) (T[]) array
2) (int) new size
Returns:
(T[]) result
Description:
Resizes the given array.
The array must not be a null array.
resize (Overload)
Arguments:
1) (T[]) array
2) (int) new size
3) (T) fill value
Returns:
(T[]) result
Description:
Overloaded with 3 arguments.
Resizes the given array.
If the new size is larger than the old size, newly inserted elements will be assigned the fill value.
Unless the array is a null array, the fill value's type must be convertible to the array's element type.
insert
Arguments:
1) (T[]) array
2) (int) insert position
3) (T) value
Returns:
(T[]) result
Description:
Inserts the given value into the given position of the array.
Insertion method is "insert-before".
contains
Arguments:
1) (T[]) array
2) (T) value
Returns:
(bool) result
Description:
Checks if the given value is present as an element of the given array.
replace
Arguments:
1) (T[]) array
2) (T) replace from
2) (T) replace to
Returns:
(T[]) result
Description:
Replaces all occurences of the given element with the other in the array.
remove
Arguments:
1) (T[]) array
2) (T) value
Returns:
(T[]) result
Description:
Removes all occurences of the given element in the array.
--------------------------------> Type Casting <--------------------------------
as_int
Arguments:
1) (T) value
Returns:
(int) result
Description:
Returns the given value casted to an int value.
as_float
Arguments:
1) (T) value
Returns:
(float) result
Description:
Returns the given value casted to a float value.
as_bool
Arguments:
1) (T) value
Returns:
(bool) result
Description:
Returns the given value casted to a bool value.
as_char
Arguments:
1) (T) value
Returns:
(char) result
Description:
Returns the given value casted to a char value.
as_int_array
Arguments:
1) (T[]) array
Returns:
(int[]) result
Description:
Casts array elements to ints, then returns the result.
Casting is recursive.
Example:
as_int_array([[true, true], [false, true]]); //-> [[1, 1], [0, 1]]
as_float_array
Arguments:
1) (T[]) array
Returns:
(float[]) result
Description:
Casts array elements to floats, then returns the result.
Casting is recursive.
as_bool_array
Arguments:
1) (T[]) array
Returns:
(bool[]) result
Description:
Casts array elements to bools, then returns the result.
Casting is recursive.
as_char_array
Arguments:
1) (T[]) array
Returns:
(char[]) result
Description:
Casts array elements to chars, then returns the result.
Casting is recursive.
Not an alias of ToString.
as_x_array
Arguments:
1) (T[]) array
2) (const) type
Returns:
(T[]) result
Description:
Casts array elements to the given type, then returns the result.
Supported types:
VAR_INT
VAR_FLOAT
VAR_BOOL
VAR_CHAR
Casting is recursive.
--------------------------------> Bitwise Operations <--------------------------------
bit_not
Arguments:
1) (int) value
Returns:
(int) result
Description:
Performs a bitwise NOT operation.
bit_and
Arguments:
1) (int) value 1
2) (int) value 2
Returns:
(int) result
Description:
Performs a bitwise AND operation.
bit_or
Arguments:
1) (int) value 1
2) (int) value 2
Returns:
(int) result
Description:
Performs a bitwise OR operation.
bit_xor
Arguments:
1) (int) value 1
2) (int) value 2
Returns:
(int) result
Description:
Performs a bitwise XOR operation.
bit_left
Arguments:
1) (int) value
2) (int) shift factor
Returns:
(int) result
Description:
Performs a bitwise left shift operation.
bit_right
Arguments:
1) (int) value
2) (int) shift factor
Returns:
(int) result
Description:
Performs a bitwise right shift operation.
--------------------------------> Float Utilities <--------------------------------
Float_Classify
Arguments:
1) x
Returns:
(const) result
Description:
Classifies the given float value.
Possible return values:
- FLOAT_TYPE_ZERO ; Value is either +0 or -0.
- FLOAT_TYPE_NORMAL ; Value is a normal float.
- FLOAT_TYPE_SUBNORMAL ; Value is a subnormal float. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subnormal_number)
- FLOAT_TYPE_INFINITY ; Value is either +infinity or -infinity.
- FLOAT_TYPE_NAN ; Value is not-a-number.
Float_IsNan
Arguments:
1) x
Returns:
(bool) result
Description:
Returns true if the given float is NaN.
Float_IsInf
Arguments:
1) x
Returns:
(bool) result
Description:
Returns true if the given float is +infinity or -infinity.
Float_GetSign
Arguments:
1) x
Returns:
(float) sign
Description:
Returns +1.0 if the given float is positive, and -1.0 if the given float is negative.
Float_CopySign
Arguments:
1) x
2) y
Returns:
(float) result
Description:
Copies the sign of x to y, and returns the result.
--------------------------------> Maths <--------------------------------
clamp
Arguments:
1) x
2) lower bound
3) upper bound
Returns:
(float) result
Description:
Returns x clamped between the specified range.
log2
Arguments:
1) x
Returns:
(float) result
Description:
Returns base-2 logarithm of x.
logn
Arguments:
1) x
2) base
Returns:
(float) result
Description:
Returns base-n logarithm of x.
erf
Arguments:
1) x
Returns:
(float) result
Description:
Returns the error function value of x.
erf(x) = (2/sqrt(pi)) * integral(0, x, "e^(-t^2) dt")
gamma
Arguments:
1) x
Returns:
(float) result
Description:
Returns the gamma function value of x.
gamma(z + 1) = integral(0, infinity, "(x^z)(e^(-x)) dx")
exp
Arguments:
1) value
Returns:
(float) result
Description:
Returns e (Euler's number) raised to the power of x.
sqrt
Arguments:
1) x
Returns:
(float) result
Description:
Returns the square root of x.
Much faster than pow(x, 0.5).
cbrt
Arguments:
1) x
Returns:
(float) result
Description:
Returns the cube root of x.
Equivalent to (x ^ (1/3)).
nroot
Arguments:
1) x
2) root
Returns:
(float) result
Description:
Returns the nth root of x.
Equivalent to pow(x, 1 / root).
hypot
Arguments:
1) a
2) b
Returns:
(float) result
Description:
Returns the hypotenuse of the triangle formed by the two given values.
hypot(a, b) = sqrt(a * a + b * b)
distance
Arguments:
1) x1
2) y1
3) x2
4) y2
Returns:
(float) result
Description:
Returns distance between the given two points.
distance(x1, y1, x2, y2) = hypot(x1 - x2, y1 - y2)
distancesq
Arguments:
1) x1
2) y1
3) x2
4) y2
Returns:
(float) result
Description:
Returns square of the distance between the given two points.
distancesq(x1, y1, x2, y2) = (x1 - x2)^2 + (y1 - y2)^2
dottheta
Arguments:
1) x1
2) y1
3) x2
4) y2
Returns:
(float) result (degrees)
Description:
Returns angle (in degrees) between the given two points.
dottheta(x1, y1, x2, y2) = atan2(y2 - y1, x2 - x1)
rdottheta
Arguments:
1) x1
2) y1
3) x2
4) y2
Returns:
(float) result (radians)
Description:
Returns angle (in radians) between the given two points.
rdottheta(x1, y1, x2, y2) = ratan2(y2 - y1, x2 - x1)
--------------------------------> Trigonometry and Angular Maths <--------------------------------
sincos
Arguments:
1) angle
Returns:
(float[2]) [sin(angle), cos(angle)]
rsin
Arguments:
1) angle
Returns:
(float) result
Description:
sin() for radians input.
rcos
Arguments:
1) angle (radians)
Returns:
(float) result
Description:
cos() for radians input.
rtan
Arguments:
1) angle (radians)
Returns:
(float) result
Description:
tan() for radians input.
rsincos
Arguments:
1) angle (radians)
Returns:
(float[2]) result
Description:
sincos() for radians input.
rasin
Arguments:
1) value
Returns:
(float) result
Description:
asin() for radians output.
racos
Arguments:
1) value
Returns:
(float) result
Description:
acos() for radians output.
ratan
Arguments:
1) y
2) x
Returns:
(float) result
Description:
atan() for radians output.
ratan2
Arguments:
1) value
Returns:
(float) result
Description:
atan2() for radians output.
ToDegrees
Arguments:
1) angle
Returns:
(float) result
Description:
Converts the given angle to degrees.
ToRadians
Arguments:
1) angle
Returns:
(float) result
Description:
Converts the given angle to radians.
NormalizeAngle
Arguments:
1) angle (degrees)
Returns:
(float) result
Description:
Normalizes the given angle. (Range = [0, 360))
NormalizeAngleR
Arguments:
1) angle (radians)
Returns:
(float) result
Description:
Normalizes the given angle. (Range = [0, 2pi))
AngularDistance
Arguments:
1) angle from (degrees)
2) angle to (degrees)
Returns:
(float) result
Description:
Calculates the shortest angular distance between the given angles. (Range = [-180, 180))
AngularDistanceR
Arguments:
1) angle from (radians)
2) angle to (radians)
Returns:
(float) result
Description:
Calculates the shortest angular distance between the given angles. (Range = [-pi, pi))
ReflectAngle
Arguments:
1) ray angle (degrees)
2) surface angle (degrees)
Returns:
(float) result
Description:
Calculates the given ray's angle of reflection upon a surface of the given angle. (Range = [0, 360))
ReflectAngleR
Arguments:
1) ray angle (radians)
2) surface angle (radians)
Returns:
(float) result
Description:
Calculates the given ray's angle of reflection upon a surface of the given angle. (Range = [0, 2pi))
--------------------------------> Interpolation <--------------------------------
For the functions in this section, refer to these Desmos graph plot.
"Basic" interpolations -> https://www.desmos.com/calculator/m8dnz348cq
Bezier interpolations -> https://www.desmos.com/calculator/q1uptzx8ti
Interpolate_Linear
Arguments:
1) a
2) b
3) x
Returns:
IF a, b are not arrays
(float) result
ELSE
(float[]) result array
Description:
Returns the result of interpolation between a and b, using x as the interpolation value.
Interpolation method is linear.
Direct formula is (a + (b - a) * (x))
Represented by the red graph.
When interpolating between two arrays, they must be of the same size.
Interpolate_Smooth
Arguments:
1) a
2) b
3) x
Returns:
IF a, b are not arrays
(float) result
ELSE
(float[]) result array
Description:
Returns the result of interpolation between a and b, using x as the interpolation value.
Interpolation method is first-order smoothstep curve.
Direct formula is (a + (b - a) * (x^2 * (3 - 2 * x)))
Represented by the blue graph.
When interpolating between two arrays, they must be of the same size.
Interpolate_Smoother
Arguments:
1) a
2) b
3) x
Returns:
IF a, b are not arrays
(float) result
ELSE
(float[]) result array
Description:
Returns the result of interpolation between a and b, using x as the interpolation value.
Interpolation method is second-order smoothstep curve.
Direct formula is (a + (b - a) * (x^3 * (x * (x * 6 - 15) + 10)))
Represented by the green graph.
When interpolating between two arrays, they must be of the same size.
Interpolate_Accelerate
Arguments:
1) a
2) b
3) x
Returns:
IF a, b are not arrays
(float) result
ELSE
(float[]) result array
Description:
Returns the result of interpolation between a and b, using x as the interpolation value.
Interpolation method is parabolic.
Direct formula is (a + (b - a) * (x^2))
Represented by the purple graph.
When interpolating between two arrays, they must be of the same size.
Interpolate_Decelerate
Arguments:
1) a
2) b
3) x
Returns:
IF a, b are not arrays
(float) result
ELSE
(float[]) result array
Description:
Returns the result of interpolation between a and b, using x as the interpolation value.
Interpolation method is inverse parabolic.
Direct formula is (a + (b - a) * (1 - (1 - x)^2))
Represented by the black graph.
When interpolating between two arrays, they must be of the same size.
Interpolate_Modulate
Arguments:
1) a
2) b
3) c
4) x
Returns:
(float) result
Description:
Returns the result of interpolation between a and b, using x as the interpolation value.
Interpolation method is sine.
Direct formula is (a + (b - a) * (x + (rsin(2pi * x) / (2pi)) * c))
Represented by the dotted red graph.
Interpolate_Overshoot
Arguments:
1) a
2) b
3) c
4) x
Returns:
(float) result
Description:
Returns the result of interpolation between a and b, using x as the interpolation value.
Interpolation method is half sine.
Direct formula is (a + (b - a) * (x + (rsin(pi * x) / pi) * c))
Represented by the dotted blue graph.
Interpolate_QuadraticBezier
Arguments:
1) a
2) b
3) c
4) x
Returns:
(float) result
Description:
Calculates a coordinate component of a quadratic Bezier curve.
Direct formula is ((a * (1 - x)^2) + (2 * c * x * (1 - x)) + (b * x^2))
Represented by the red graph.
Interpolate_CubicBezier
Arguments:
1) a
2) b
3) c1
4) c2
5) x
Returns:
(float) result
Description:
Calculates a coordinate component of a cubic Bezier curve.
Direct formula is ((a * (1 - x)^3) + (3 * c1 * x * (1 - x)^2) + (3 * c2 * x^2 * (1 - x)) + (b * x^3))
Represented by the blue graph.
Interpolate_Hermite
Arguments:
1) start x
2) start y
3) end x
4) end y
5) starting point tangent vector magnitude
6) starting point tangent vector angle (degrees)
5) ending point tangent vector magnitude
6) ending point tangent vector angle (degrees)
9) x
Returns:
(float[2]) [x, y]
Description:
Calculates the position along the given cubic Hermite spline curve.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cubic_Hermite_spline
Interpolate_X
Arguments:
1) a
2) b
3) x
4) (int) interpolation type
Returns:
IF a, b are not arrays
(float) result
ELSE
(float[]) result array
Description:
Interpolates between a and b using x with the given interpolation type.
Available interpolation types:
LERP_LINEAR:
Interpolate_Linear
LERP_SMOOTH:
Interpolate_Smooth
LERP_SMOOTHER:
Interpolate_Smoother
LERP_ACCELERATE:
Interpolate_Accelerate
LERP_DECELERATE:
Interpolate_Decelerate
Interpolate_X_PackedInt
Arguments:
1) (int) a
2) (int) b
3) x
4) (int) interpolation type
Returns:
(int) result
Description:
Divides a and b (both 8-byte ints) into eight 1-byte chunks, performs interpolation on each pair, and recombines them to return the result.
Example:
Interpolate_X_PackedInt(0x37ff4040, 0xaa001010, 0.5, LERP_LINEAR); //result = 0x707f2828
Interpolate_X_Angle
Arguments:
1) a (degrees)
2) b (degrees)
3) x
4) (int) interpolation type
Returns:
(float) angle (degrees)
Description:
Interpolates between angles a and b using x with the given interpolation type.
Equivalent to:
NormalizeAngle(a + Interpolate_X(0, AngularDistance(a, b), x, type));
Interpolate_X_AngleR
Arguments:
1) a (radians)
2) b (radians)
3) x
4) (int) interpolation type
Returns:
(float) angle (radians)
Description:
Interpolates between angles a and b using x with the given interpolation type.
Equivalent to:
NormalizeAngleR(a + Interpolate_X(0, AngularDistanceR(a, b), x, type));
Interpolate_X_Array
Arguments:
1) (T[]) values
2) x
3) (int) interpolation type
Returns:
(float) result
Description:
Interpolates between multiple elements of the array.
Examples:
Interpolate_X_Array([a, b, c, d], 0.2, LERP_LINEAR);
= Interpolate_X(a, b, 0.2, LERP_LINEAR);
Interpolate_X_Array([a, b, c, d], 1.5, LERP_LINEAR);
= Interpolate_X(b, c, 0.5, LERP_LINEAR);
Interpolate_X_Array([a, b, c, d], 2.9, LERP_LINEAR);
= Interpolate_X(c, d, 0.9, LERP_LINEAR);
--------------------------------> Random <--------------------------------
rand_int
Arguments:
1) (int) min
2) (int) max
Returns:
(int) random integer
Description:
Returns a random integer within the range [a, b].
rand_int(a, b) = as_int(rand(a, b + 0.99999))
prand
Arguments:
1) min
2) max
Returns:
(float) random value
Description:
Exactly like rand(), but the seed of which doesn't get saved to replays, and does not affect the state of rand().
prand_int
Arguments:
1) (int) min
2) (int) max
Returns:
(int) random integer
Description:
Returns a random integer within the range [a, b] using the prand() function.
prand_int(a, b) = as_int(prand(as_int(a), as_int(b) + 0.99999))
psrand
Arguments:
1) (int) seed
Description:
Sets the seed for prand and prand_int.
count_rand
Returns:
(int) count
Description:
Returns the amount of number rand or rand_int have been used.
Resets when restarting the game or exiting to the script select menu.
count_prand
Returns:
(int) count
Description:
Returns the amount of number prand or prand_int have been used.
Resets when restarting the game or exiting to the script select menu.
reset_count_rand
Description:
Sets the rand count to 0.
reset_count_prand
Description:
Sets the prand count to 0.
--------------------------------> Rotation Maths <--------------------------------
Rotate2D
Arguments:
1) x
2) y
3) angle
Returns:
(float[2]) rotated position [x, y]
Description:
Rotates the given (x, y) point around the origin (0, 0).
Direct formula is:
x = x * cos(angle) - y * sin(angle)
y = x * sin(angle) + y * cos(angle)
Rotate2D (overload)
Arguments:
1) x
2) y
3) angle
4) origin x
5) origin y
Returns:
(float[2]) rotated position [x, y]
Description:
Overloaded with 5 arguments.
Rotates the given (x, y) point around the given origin.
Direct formula is:
_x = x - ox
_y = y - oy
x = ox + (_x * cos(angle) - _y * sin(angle))
y = oy + (_x * sin(angle) + _y * cos(angle))
Rotate3D
Arguments:
1) x
2) y
3) z
4) X angle
5) Y angle
6) Z angle
Returns:
(float[3]) rotated position [x, y, z]
Description:
Rotates the given (x, y, z) point around the origin (0, 0) with the given Euler angles.
Direct formula is:
x = x * (cos(angY) * cos(angZ) - sin(angX) * sin(angY) * sin(angZ)) + y * (-cos(angX) * sin(angZ)) + z * (sin(angY) * cos(angZ) + sin(angX) * cos(angY) * sin(angZ))
y = x * (cos(angY) * sin(angZ) + sin(angX) * sin(angY) * cos(angZ)) + y * (cos(angX) * cos(angZ)) + z * (sin(angY) * sin(angZ) - sin(angX) * cos(angY) * cos(angZ))