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Vim

terminal text editor

Purpose

  • Only list the useful keys that I’m unfamiliar with here.

Offical Website

Recommended

My config files

Move Cursor

  • ^ o | ^ i [ Prev | Next ] Cursor Pos
  • { | } [ Prev | Next ] Blank Line
  • w | ⇧ W Head of Next [ Word / Str ]
  • e | ⇧ E Tail of Next [ Word / Str ]
  • b | ⇧ B Head of Prev [ Word / Str ]
  • ge | gE Tail of Prev [ Word / Str ]
  • ; Repeat the last manipulation about f t ⇧ F ⇧ T
  • 0 Head of Line
  • ^ = ⇧ 6 Head of Line ( Non-Whitespace )
  • $ = ⇧ 4 End of Line
  • " Switch to some Register
  • - Head of Prev Line
  • ⇧ + Head of Next Line

Emacs-like

Mimic Emacs in Insert Mode

  • ^ b = ←
  • ^ f = →
  • ^ p = ↑
  • ^ n = ↓
  • ^ a = Home
  • ^ e = End
  • ^ k Del to End of Line
  • ^ u Del to Head of Line
  • ^ t Exchange Chars ( Before & After Cursor )

CTags

Powered by plugin

  • ^ ] Find Declaration
  • ^ t Back from Declaration

Marks

  • `^ Last position of cursor in insert mode
    • '^ Head of line of last position of cursor in insert mode
  • `. Last change
    • '. Head of line of last change
  • `` Last jump
    • '' Head of line of last jump

EasyMotion

EasyMotion

  • It's a Vim plugin. spf13-vim makes it easier to use:
    • In normal mode ,, , ( Twice ) then input a cursor motion instruction,
      • such as w, e, b, f*, F*, t*, T* or etc.
    • The screen will display some keycues.
    • If you input one of the keycues, then your cursor will get to the specified place.

Edit Content

Range

  • ciw Del Word
  • caw Del Word including the Following Spaces 凵
  • dw Del until Head of Next Word
  • de Del to End of Cur Word
  • ci* Select & Manipulate the string surrounded by *.
  • ca* Select & Manipulate the string surrounded by * including *.

Paragraph

  • vip Select paragraph ( same as ⇧ V, ⇧ } ? )
  • vipip Select more paragraphs ( better : ⇧ V, ⇧ }, ⇧ }, … )
  • yip Yank inner paragraph
  • yap Yank paragraph (including newline) ( better than yip )

Delete

  • x Del Char Forward ⌦
  • ⇧ X Del Char Backward ⌫
  • s Del Char Forward & then Insert
  • ⇧ S Del Current Line & then Insert
  • ⇧ C Del to End of Line & then Insert
  • ⇧ D Del to End of Line

Exchange

  • xp Exchange the Current Char and the Next Char
  • ddp Exchange the Current Line and the Next Line

Copy & Join

  • ⇧ Y Copy from the cursor to the end of line
  • ⇧ K Join curren line and next line without breaking
  • ]p Paste under the current indentation level

Lower or Upper Case

  • ⇧ ~ Toggle Case & Mv Cursor to Next char
  • gu to Lowercase
    • or u after selecting range
  • gU to Uppercase
    • or ⇧ U after selecting range
  • guu | gugu Lowercase current line
  • gUU | gUgU Lowercase current line

Increase or Decrease Num

In Normal Mode

  • ^ a Increase Num
  • ^ x Decrease Num

Column Mode

Example

  1. In normal mode ^ v then select a block area
  2. ⇧ I then type some string to insert
  3. ⎋, ⎋ ( Twice ) to apply the insertion at each line heading of the selected block area

Files

  • gf Open Path where cursor is

Save & Quit

  • ^ s = :w Save ( valid in both Insert & Normal Mode )
  • ⇧ ZZ Save & Quit
  • ⇧ ZQ Quit without Saving

Window

  • ^w, n = :new<CR> New Horizontal Split ( editing new empty buffer )
  • ^w, s = :split<CR> Split Window Horizontally ( editing current buffer )
  • ^w, v = :vsplit<CR> Split Window Vertically ( editing current buffer )
  • ^w, c = :close<CR> Close Window
  • ^w, o = :only<CR> Close All Windows But only the Current
  • ^w, w Go to Next window
  • ^w, p Go to Prev window
  • ^w, ↑ Go to window Above
  • ^w, ↓ Go to window Below
  • ^w, ← Go to window on Left
  • ^w, → Go to window on Right

Tab

  • :tabe [path/to/file]<CR> | :tabedit [path/to/file]<CR> Open Existing File in New Tab
  • :tabp Previous Tab
  • :tabn Next Tab
  • :edit [path/to/file]<CR> Open Existing File in Current Tab
  • :tabnew<CR> Open New Empty Tab
  • :tabc<CR> Close Current Tab
  • :tabo<CR> Close all Other Tabs But only the Current

Custom

  • ,, t = :tabedit<space>
  • ,, e = :edit<space>
  • L = gt = :tabn<CR> Next Tab
  • H = gT = :tabp<CR> Prev Tab
  • ,, a = 1gt to Tab 1
  • ,, s = 2gt to Tab 2
  • … d f g h j k …
  • ,, l = 9gt to Tab 9
  • ,, ; = 10gt to Tab 10
  • ,, 1 = 11gt to Tab 11
  • ,, 2 = 12gt to Tab 12
  • …
  • ,, 9 = 19gt to Tab 19
  • ,, 0 = 20gt to Tab 20
  • ,, W = :tabm<space>-1<CR> Move Tab Left
  • ,, E = :tabm<space>+1<CR> Move Tab Right

Advenced

Repeat

  • . Repeat Command
  • ; Repeat Movement : f / F / t / T

Macro

  • q a~z|A~Z Start Recording Macro marked as a~z|A~Z
  • q Stop Recording
  • @ a~z|A~Z Play Macro marked as a~z|A~Z
  • @@ Repeat Macro that you last used

Search & Replace

  • :%s/search_str/replace_str/gci
    • : switch to Command Mode
    • % find each occurence of search_str
    • s replace operation
    • g replace globally
    • c ask for confirmation
    • i case insensitive , I case sensitive
  • :s/foo/bar/
    • On each line, replace the first occurrence of "foo" with "bar".
  • :'<,'>s/foo/bar/g
    • '<,'> replace within a visual selection (when compiled with +visual)
  • :5,12$/foo/bar/g
    • 5 , 12 start from line 5 to the line 12
  • :.,$/foo/bar/g
    • . , $ start from the current line to the last line
  • :.,+2s/foo/bar/g
    • . , +2 start from the current line to the next two lines
  • :'a,'bs/foo/bar/g
    • 'a , 'b start from the mark a to the mark b
  • :g/^baz/s/foo/bar/g
    • Change each 'foo' to 'bar' in each line starting with 'baz'
  • Reference : Search and replace & Vim 字符串替换及小技巧

Encoding Value

  • ga Show ASCII of Char
  • g8 Goto UTF-8 of Char

Toggle

Custom

  • ,, h = :set noh<CR> Deactivate Highlighted
  • ,, n = :set nu!<CR> Toggle Absolute Line Number
  • ,, r = :set rnu!<CR> Toggle Relative Line Number

.vimrc

  • Save all the current :map and :set settings to a file.
    • See :help mkexrc for details.
:mkvimrc
# or
:mkexrc

Input via command

  • 直接从命令行中获取内容并输出到文件中, 例如 :r !ls

Trouble Shooting

  • :scriptnames 查看使用到的文件 : 有没有使用 .vimrc ?
  • vim -u path/to/.vimrc 手动指定配置文件