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wires.php
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<?php include('header.php') ?>
<div class="headImage">
</div>
<div class="heading">
Wires
</div>
<div class="page">
<div class="blog-page">
<img src="img/images/wires/image18.gif" class="img-responsive floating-image right"><br>
The very first thing you would notice if you were to enter the zine lab for the first time is that there are
several reels of different types of wires all around. Wires and wiring are at the very centre of BEE and
robotics. They can very well be the difference between winning and losing in competitions. Proper wiring is one
of the most crucial conditions for your bot to work as intended. Remember our analogy with BEE being like the
heart of the human body. Well, wires are like the arteries and veins, and maybe even the nerves. Hence, as much
as a small hiccup in the wiring can lead to significant consequences. On the other hand, when your wiring works
perfectly it’s a feel of its own! <br><br>
To ensure that we don’t get “tangled” up in wires, we must at least know some common types of wires and their
uses. The very first type of wires we are going to take a look at are - Single-core wires. <br><br>
<h1>Single Core Wires</h1><br>
<img src="img/images/wires/image20.png" class="img-responsive floating-image left"><br>
As their name suggests, single-core wires have a single conductor (usually copper or aluminium) at their core
with insulation covering. They can be both solid and stranded. Solid ones have more strength, whereas stranded
ones provide better flexibility. <br><br>
<img src="img/images/wires/image14.jpg" class="img-responsive floating-image right"><br>
Uses of single-core wires include household appliances, computer panels and small gadgets such as power banks
and USB cables. Some disadvantages of these types of wires are that they are usually sensitive to external force
damage and susceptible to magnetic interference. We’ll look at how other types of wires overcome these
drawbacks. <br><br>
<strong>Pro Tip: </strong> PRO TIP: While making breadboard circuits, try using single-core wires for a firmer,
robust and more durable circuit. But what is this breadboard !? <br>
Something like this?<br>
<img src="img/images/wires/image9.jpg" class="img-responsive floating-image left"><br><br><br><br><br>
No!! But don’t worry we’ll soon get to it. For now, just keep this in mind.
<br>
Now for the next type, multi-core wires.
<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>
<h1>Multi Core Wires</h1>
<img src="img/images/wires/image3.png" class="img-responsive floating-image left"><br>
Multicore wires on the other hand combine multiple conductors all with their own insulation into a single outer
sheath of PVC or cross-linked Polyethylene. An aluminium cover is also sometimes used to provide electromagnetic
shielding, overcoming a major drawback of single-core wires. Let’s now look at some basic uses.
<br><br> They can excellently conduct large amounts of electricity and power large machines. They are also
widely used in the automobile sector.
<br><br> Multi-core wires are way more durable and tensile than single-core wires. However, they lose out on
flexibility and rating(because of less heat dissipation).
<br><br>
Guess which kind of wires are used in connectors for your Xboxes? Yep, Multi-core wires!
<br>
<img src="img/images/wires/image8.gif" class="img-responsive floating-image center"><br>
We have now understood the two basic types of wires. Let us further explore this lane and discuss some others.
<br><br>
<h1>Coaxial Cable</h1>
So, what exactly is a coaxial cable? It’s really simple!
<br><br>
A coaxial cable has four parts as illustrated. The signal in a coaxial cable is transferred simultaneously
through the inner conductor as well as the mesh. The main advantage of this being that the magnetic fields of
both cancel each other, allowing this wire to be used near electronic devices and metals without interacting
with them. <br><br>
<img src="img/images/wires/image13.jpg" class="img-responsive floating-image left"><br>
Coaxial cables are commonly used by cable operators, telephone companies and internet providers around the world
to transmit all kinds of data and information. So as such most of what we do on the internet and watch on
television, and even calling with our telephones, is made possible by these amazing wires. So the next time you
surf the internet endlessly or binge your favourite show, remember to thank Olivier Heaviside, the grandfather
of the modern coaxial cable. <br><br>
<img src="img/images/wires/image17.gif" class="img-responsive floating-image center"><br>
<h1>Non-Metallic Sheathed Cable
</h1><br>
<img src="img/images/wires/image4.jpg" class="img-responsive floating-image right"><br>
The next cable we have is the Non-Metallic Sheathed Cable, commonly known by its really interesting name Romex,
after a popular selling brand. <br><br>
So what is this “Romex”?<br><br>
These types of wires consist of at least two insulated conductors and a base conductor. The base conductor acts
as a ground for excess charge. The other two are the ones actually used.
<br><br>
These types of wires consist of at least two insulated conductors and a base conductor. The base conductor acts
as a ground for excess charge. The other two are the ones actually used. The colour of the insulation of a
Non-metallic sheathed cable is indicative of its capacity as
<br>
<img src="img/images/wires/image19.jpg" class="img-responsive floating-image center"><br>
Note that ga here stands for gauge which is a measure of the wire’s diameter.
As for the use, these cables are predominantly used in residential wiring. They are safer and cheaper and hence
their use has bumped up in recent years.
<h1>Twisted Pair Cable</h1>
<img src="img/images/wires/image1.gif" class="img-responsive floating-image center"><br>
Well, it’s in the name!
<br><br>
<img src="img/images/wires/image12.jpg" class="img-responsive floating-image center"><br>
The next type of wire is the twisted pair cable. In this type, a pair of two separately insulated conductors are
wound together. The concept behind the cable is similar to that of a coaxial cable. Two wires of a pair cancel
each other’s magnetic fields, making our wiring more “magnetically-compatible. Many such pairs are then
insulated together with a thick layer of insulation. Singular wires of a pair are usually solid single-core
wires. <br><br>
Twisted pair cables are generally used in ethernet and telephone systems and some security camera systems. Their
structure makes them endurable and hence they are also preferred in exterior cabling exposed to environmental
elements.
<br><br>
Onto the next one then,
<br><br>
<h1>Ribbon Cable</h1><br>
Now for the ribbon cable! In a ribbon cable, several conducting wires run parallel to each other in the same
plane. The ends of a ribbon cable have a connector attached for proper use.
<img src="img/images/wires/image11.jpg" class="img-responsive floating-image left"><br>
Ribbon cables are usually used to connect internal peripherals in a computer such as hard drives and CD drives.
On some older machines, they were also used for external connections. <br><br><br><br><br><br>
<h1>Optical Fibre Cable</h1>
<img src="img/images/wires/image6.jpg" class="img-responsive floating-image left"><br>
The next wire we have is the Optical Fibre Cable. We are sure you must have come across the name in your JEE
preparation and know the principle of working of these cables. Optical Fibre Cable is a medium of data
transmission using light waves travelling along a long fibre made of glass or plastic. They are an application
of the phenomenon of Total Internal Reflection, in which light moving from one medium to another …… Ummm, you
know T.I.R, let’s move forward. <br><br>
<img src="img/images/wires/image2.gif" class="img-responsive floating-image center"><br>
The Optical Fibre Cable has a wide range of applications. They can transfer large amounts of data at high speed
over long distances. They are beginning to replace traditional telephone wires and enable clearer, faster
connections. Optical fibre communication is secure and free from external interferences, and its use is
increasing in the military and aerospace fields as well as in medicine and surgical research.
<br><br> The next type of wires are probably the most important of all we have learnt so far. You will be using
these wires all the time and their connections will trouble you the most. Taking our human analogy even further,
these are the cranial nerves connecting the brain to various parts of the body.
<br><br> Drumroll please! <br><br>
<img src="img/images/wires/image21.gif" class="img-responsive floating-image center"><br>
<br>
Enter Jumper wires.
<br><br>
<h1>Jumper Wires</h1><br>
<img src="img/images/wires/image16.jpg" class="img-responsive floating-image left"><br>
<br>Jumper wires are quite simple really. They are wires with connector pins on both sides. So what makes them
so important? Let’s have a look. <br>
<img src="img/images/wires/image15.png" class="img-responsive floating-image right"><br>
They connect the brain of the robot to its various parts. What brain!?, you might ask. The answer to that
question is so vast, it is the topic of another upcoming blog. For the time being, understand that the blue
board on the left side is the brain of the robot that decides what the robot will do, how it will react to what
event. The board on the right side is called a breadboard(again, more on breadboards later) , it is a part of
the robot and jumpers connect it to the brain. Jumpers are essential to prototyping your robot. In Spite of
their vital applications, it doesn’t get much simpler than jumper wires. They are of three basic types
illustrated below:- <br>
<strong>Female to Female</strong>
<img src="img/images/wires/image5.png" class="img-responsive floating-image center"><br>
<strong>Male to Male</strong>
<img src="img/images/wires/image10.png" class="img-responsive floating-image center"><br>
<strong>Male to Female</strong>
<img src="img/images/wires/image22.png" class="img-responsive floating-image center"><br>
Their applications will get more apparent in the upcoming blogs. <br><br>
With this, we come to the end of this section. Hope that now you wouldn’t tangle up and fall facing various
kinds of wires.
<br><br><br>
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