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搭建Redis集群
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<p>发布于：2021年3月26日</p>
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<p>本篇主要内容：</p>
<p>1.安装Redis及Ruby环境</p>
<a id="more"></a>
<h2 id="一-安装Redis及Ruby环境">一.安装Redis及Ruby环境</h2>
<h3 id="1-前言">1.前言</h3>
<blockquote>
<p> 这里注意：我们这里搭建的Redis集群有 3 个节点，每个节点包括两个Redis实例（这两个是主从复制的），就是说我们一共需要有 6 个Redis实例。</p>
<ul>
<li>建议在三台主机上搭建该集群，每台主机拥有一个主从复制节点。</li>
<li>当然，你也可以在一台主机的 6 个不同的端口搭建该集群。</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="2-安装Redis">2.安装Redis</h3>
<ul>
<li>如果你使用的是多台主机，则需要在每台主机上都安装 Redis。</li>
<li>①安装编译环境：</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">yum install -y gcc-c++</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li>②在<a href="https://redis.io/download" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Redis官网</a>下载源码：</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">cd /opt/</span><br><span class="line">wget https://download.redis.io/releases/redis-6.2.1.tar.gz</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li>③解压源码：</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">tar -zxvf redis-6.2.1.tar.gz</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li>④编译：</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">cd /opt/redis-6.2.1</span><br><span class="line">make</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li>⑤安装：</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">make install PREFIX=/usr/local/redis</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> 进入安装目录，使用 redis-cli 测试即可</span></span><br><span class="line">cd /usr/local/redis/bin</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> 执行下面命令会提示：</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> Could not connect to Redis at 127.0.0.1:6379: Connection refused</span></span><br><span class="line">./redis-cli</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> 可以将redis的可执行文件链接到 /usr/bin/ 使之成为全局命令</span></span><br><span class="line">ln -s /usr/local/redis/bin/* /usr/bin/</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li>⑥启动一个Redis实例：</li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
<p> 通过这里我们知道使用 <code>redis-server</code> 一个 <code>*.conf</code> 即可启动一个 Redis 实例，因此，我们可以在一台主机上搭建出 Redis 伪集群。</p>
<ul>
<li>只需要有 6 个不同的 conf 文件即可。conf 文件的配置详解：<a href="#%E4%BA%8C-Redis%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE">Redis 配置</a>。</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> ①直接启动一个默认的Redis</span></span><br><span class="line">/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-server</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> ②通过配置文件启动一个Redis</span></span><br><span class="line">/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-server /opt/redis-6.2.1/redis.conf</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="3-安装Ruby">3.安装Ruby</h3>
<ul>
<li>注意：若是 Redis 5.0 之后的版本，可以直接使用<code>redis-cli</code>命令创建集群，而不需要用 <code>redis-trib.rb</code>，也不用安装 Ruby 环境。</li>
<li>注意：你可以使用yum安装低版本的 Ruby，高版本的请直接参看 <a href="https://www.cnblogs.com/molson/p/13522146.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">源码安装Ruby</a>。</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">yum install ruby</span><br><span class="line">yum install rubygems</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> 在线安装 redis*.gem 很可能会报错，它默认安装最新版的 gem</span></span><br><span class="line">gem install redis</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> 当然你可以下载离线版的 gem，之后离线安装</span></span><br><span class="line">gem install -f redis-*.*.*.gem</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<hr>
<h2 id="二-Redis配置">二.Redis配置</h2>
<h3 id="1-redis-conf">1. redis.conf</h3>
<ul>
<li>redis.conf 配置文件所有内容如下：</li>
</ul>
<details>
<summary>
redis.conf 配置文件： 👇
</summary>
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class="line">362</span><br><span class="line">363</span><br><span class="line">364</span><br><span class="line">365</span><br><span class="line">366</span><br><span class="line">367</span><br><span class="line">368</span><br><span class="line">369</span><br><span class="line">370</span><br><span class="line">371</span><br><span class="line">372</span><br><span class="line">373</span><br><span class="line">374</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"># Redis 服务启动命令</span><br><span class="line"># ./redis-server /path/to/redis.conf</span><br><span class="line">################################## INCLUDES ###################################</span><br><span class="line"># 引入其他配置文件</span><br><span class="line"># include /path/to/local.conf</span><br><span class="line"># include /path/to/other.conf</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">################################## MODULES #####################################</span><br><span class="line"># 启动时加载的模块</span><br><span class="line"># loadmodule /path/to/my_module.so</span><br><span class="line"># loadmodule /path/to/other_module.so</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">################################## NETWORK #####################################</span><br><span class="line"># bind 192.168.1.100 10.0.0.1 # l监听两个特定的 IPv4 地址</span><br><span class="line"># bind 127.0.0.1 ::1 # 监听本地 IPv4 和 IPv6 回环地址</span><br><span class="line"># bind * -::* # 监听所有网卡 # 旧版 Redis 不支持</span><br><span class="line">bind 127.0.0.1 -::1</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># 启用保护模式，禁止公网访问。启用的条件：没使用bind 或 没设置访问密码</span><br><span class="line">protected-mode yes</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># 设置 Redis 服务端口</span><br><span class="line">port 6379</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># TCP 队列数。在高并发环境下 该值与 超时时间内 Redis 的吞吐量有关</span><br><span class="line">tcp-backlog 511</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># Unix socket 路径</span><br><span class="line"># unixsocket /run/redis.sock</span><br><span class="line"># 访问权限</span><br><span class="line"># unixsocketperm 700</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># 当客户端闲置多少秒后关闭连接，0表示永不关闭</span><br><span class="line">timeout 0</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># 每隔 300s 会对客户端进行心跳检测</span><br><span class="line">tcp-keepalive 300</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">################################# TLS/SSL #####################################</span><br><span class="line">################################# GENERAL #####################################</span><br><span class="line"># 是否以守护模式启动，默认为no</span><br><span class="line">daemonize yes</span><br><span class="line"># 是否可以通过 upstart 和 systemd 管理 Redis 守护进程</span><br><span class="line"># supervised auto</span><br><span class="line"># pid 文件</span><br><span class="line">pidfile /var/run/redis_6379.pid</span><br><span class="line"># 日志级别</span><br><span class="line">loglevel notice</span><br><span class="line"># 日志文件名</span><br><span class="line">logfile ""</span><br><span class="line"># 数据库数量</span><br><span class="line">databases 16</span><br><span class="line"># 是否总是打印显示 logo</span><br><span class="line">always-show-logo no</span><br><span class="line"># 设置进程名/标题 # 旧版 Redis 不支持</span><br><span class="line">set-proc-title yes</span><br><span class="line"># 模板 # 旧版 Redis 不支持</span><br><span class="line">proc-title-template "{title} {listen-addr} {server-mode}"</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">################################ SNAPSHOTTING ################################</span><br><span class="line"># save <seconds> <changes></span><br><span class="line"># 数据持久化，在 seconds 秒内至少有 changes 个keys 发生改变则触发保存</span><br><span class="line"># save 3600 1</span><br><span class="line"># save 300 100</span><br><span class="line"># save 60 10000</span><br><span class="line"># 当后台持久化出错时，停止接受写操作</span><br><span class="line">stop-writes-on-bgsave-error yes</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># RDB 持久化模式是否压缩存储</span><br><span class="line">rdbcompression yes</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># 是否CRC64校验rdb文件</span><br><span class="line">rdbchecksum yes</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># RDB 持久化的文件名</span><br><span class="line">dbfilename dump.rdb</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># rdb文件 是否删除同步锁</span><br><span class="line">rdb-del-sync-files no</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># 数据库存放目录</span><br><span class="line">dir ./</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">################################# REPLICATION #################################</span><br><span class="line"># 设置本机为 slave</span><br><span class="line"># slaveof <masterip> <masterport></span><br><span class="line"># replicaof <masterip> <masterport></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># master 的密码</span><br><span class="line"># masterauth <master-password></span><br><span class="line"># master 的用户名</span><br><span class="line"># masteruser <username></span><br><span class="line"># AUTH <username> <password>.</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># 当slave与master失去联系 或 正在复制时，slave 仍应答客户端请求，但返回的数据可能不对</span><br><span class="line">replica-serve-stale-data yes</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># 设置 slave 只读</span><br><span class="line">replica-read-only yes</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># 是否使用 socket 进行数据同步</span><br><span class="line">repl-diskless-sync no</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># socket 进行数据同步延迟时间</span><br><span class="line">repl-diskless-sync-delay 5</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># 是否使用无磁盘加载</span><br><span class="line"># "disabled" - 不要使用无磁盘加载，先将rdb文件存储到磁盘</span><br><span class="line"># "on-empty-db" - 只有在完全安全的情况下才使用无磁盘加载</span><br><span class="line"># "swapdb" - 解析时在 RAM 中保留当前db内容的副本，直接从 socket 获取数据</span><br><span class="line">repl-diskless-load disabled</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># 指定slave定期ping master的周期</span><br><span class="line"># repl-ping-replica-period 10</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># 从服务ping主服务的超时时间</span><br><span class="line"># repl-timeout 60</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># master 立即发送同步数据，没有延迟</span><br><span class="line">repl-disable-tcp-nodelay no</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># 主从复制backlog容量大小</span><br><span class="line"># repl-backlog-size 1mb</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># 配置当master和slave失去联系多少秒之后，清空backlog释放空间</span><br><span class="line"># repl-backlog-ttl 3600</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># 当 master 宕机时，Redis Sentinel 会从 slaves 中选出一个新的 master，</span><br><span class="line"># 该值越小，越会被优先选中，0 表示永远不可能被选中。 默认优先级为 100</span><br><span class="line">replica-priority 100</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># 若主redis发现有超过 3 个从redis的连接延时大于 10 秒，那么主redis就停止接受外来的写请求</span><br><span class="line"># min-replicas-to-write 3</span><br><span class="line"># min-replicas-max-lag 10</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># 常用于端口转发或NAT场景下，对Master暴露真实IP和端口信息</span><br><span class="line"># replica-announce-ip 5.5.5.5</span><br><span class="line"># replica-announce-port 1234</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">############################### KEYS TRACKING #################################</span><br><span class="line">################################## SECURITY ###################################</span><br><span class="line"># ACL 日志存储在内存中并消耗内存，设置此项可以设置最大值来回收内存</span><br><span class="line">acllog-max-len 128</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># ACL 文件</span><br><span class="line"># aclfile /etc/redis/users.acl</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># 设置访问密码</span><br><span class="line"># requirepass foobared</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># 为了安全考虑，可以将某些重要的、危险的命令重命名。当你把某个命令重命名成空字符串的时候就等于取消了这个命令。</span><br><span class="line"># rename-command CONFIG ""</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">################################### CLIENTS ####################################</span><br><span class="line"># 客户端最大连接数</span><br><span class="line"># maxclients 10000</span><br><span class="line">############################## MEMORY MANAGEMENT ################################</span><br><span class="line"># Redis 能使用的最大内存</span><br><span class="line"># maxmemory <bytes></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># Redis达到最大内存时将如何选择要删除的内容：</span><br><span class="line"># volatile-lru -> Evict using approximated LRU, only keys with an expire set.</span><br><span class="line"># allkeys-lru -> Evict any key using approximated LRU.</span><br><span class="line"># volatile-lfu -> Evict using approximated LFU, only keys with an expire set.</span><br><span class="line"># allkeys-lfu -> Evict any key using approximated LFU.</span><br><span class="line"># volatile-random -> Remove a random key having an expire set.</span><br><span class="line"># allkeys-random -> Remove a random key, any key.</span><br><span class="line"># volatile-ttl -> Remove the key with the nearest expire time (minor TTL)</span><br><span class="line"># noeviction -> Don't evict anything, just return an error on write operations.</span><br><span class="line"># </span><br><span class="line"># maxmemory-policy noeviction</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># 设置样本，从 5 个样本中选出一个 KEY 进行移除</span><br><span class="line"># maxmemory-samples 5</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># 从机忽略内存删除策略，只有 master 才会执行过期删除策略</span><br><span class="line"># replica-ignore-maxmemory yes</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">############################# LAZY FREEING ####################################</span><br><span class="line"># 内存超限，是否采用lazy free机制</span><br><span class="line">lazyfree-lazy-eviction no</span><br><span class="line"># 针对 TTL 的键，达到过期后，被redis清理删除时是否采用lazy free机制</span><br><span class="line">lazyfree-lazy-expire no</span><br><span class="line"># 处理已存在的键时，隐式的DEL键的操作是否采用lazy free机制</span><br><span class="line">lazyfree-lazy-server-del no</span><br><span class="line"># 是否采用异常flush机制</span><br><span class="line">replica-lazy-flush no</span><br><span class="line">lazyfree-lazy-user-del no</span><br><span class="line"># 旧版 Redis 不支持</span><br><span class="line">lazyfree-lazy-user-flush no</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">################################ THREADED I/O #################################</span><br><span class="line">############################ KERNEL OOM CONTROL ##############################</span><br><span class="line">oom-score-adj no</span><br><span class="line">oom-score-adj-values 0 200 800</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">#################### KERNEL transparent hugepage CONTROL ######################</span><br><span class="line"># 旧版 Redis 不支持</span><br><span class="line">disable-thp yes</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">############################## APPEND ONLY MODE ###############################</span><br><span class="line"># 是否启用 AOF 持久化方式</span><br><span class="line">appendonly no</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># 持久化文件名</span><br><span class="line">appendfilename "appendonly.aof"</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># AOF 文件刷新的频率</span><br><span class="line">appendfsync everysec</span><br><span class="line"># appendfsync no</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># 是否在后台 AOF 文件rewrite期间调用fsync</span><br><span class="line">no-appendfsync-on-rewrite no</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># aof 文件增长比例，指当前 aof 文件比上次重写的增长比例大小</span><br><span class="line">auto-aof-rewrite-percentage 100</span><br><span class="line"># aof 文件重写最小的文件大小，AOF 文件达到 64 mb 会重写 AOF 文件</span><br><span class="line">auto-aof-rewrite-min-size 64mb</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># redis在恢复时，会忽略最后一条可能存在问题的指令</span><br><span class="line">aof-load-truncated yes</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># AOF重写产生的文件将同时包含RDB格式的内容和AOF格式的内容</span><br><span class="line"># 兼有RDB持久化和AOF持久化</span><br><span class="line">aof-use-rdb-preamble yes</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">################################ LUA SCRIPTING LUA 脚本 ###############################</span><br><span class="line"># 一个Lua脚本最长的执行时间 ms</span><br><span class="line">lua-time-limit 5000</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">################################ REDIS CLUSTER ###############################</span><br><span class="line"># 是否启用集群</span><br><span class="line"># cluster-enabled yes</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># 用户不可编辑的 conf</span><br><span class="line"># 该文件是Redis集群节点自动持久化每次配置的改变，以便在启动的时重新读取它</span><br><span class="line"># cluster-config-file nodes-6379.conf</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># 集群节点不可用的最大时间</span><br><span class="line"># cluster-node-timeout 15000</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># 最大失去连接的时间：cluster-node-timeout * cluster-replica-validity-factor</span><br><span class="line"># cluster-replica-validity-factor 10</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># 至少与其它多少slave保持连接的slave才有资格成为master</span><br><span class="line"># cluster-migration-barrier 1</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># no表示，当一个插槽节点不工作，则该槽位停止接收查询操作，集群仍然正常工作，如果为yes,则任意一个槽位不可用则整个集群不可用</span><br><span class="line"># cluster-require-full-coverage yes</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># 禁止主服务器转移</span><br><span class="line"># cluster-replica-no-failover no</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># 是否允许集群在宕机时读取</span><br><span class="line"># cluster-allow-reads-when-down no</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">########################## CLUSTER DOCKER/NAT support ########################</span><br><span class="line"># 宣布IP地址</span><br><span class="line"># cluster-announce-ip 10.1.1.5</span><br><span class="line"># 宣布服务端口</span><br><span class="line"># cluster-announce-port 6379</span><br><span class="line"># 宣布集群总线端口</span><br><span class="line"># cluster-announce-bus-port 6380</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">################################## SLOW LOG ###################################</span><br><span class="line"># 对执行时间大于多少微秒(microsecond，1秒 = 1,000,000 微秒)的查询进行记录</span><br><span class="line">slowlog-log-slower-than 10000</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># slow log 最多能保存多少条日志</span><br><span class="line">slowlog-max-len 128</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">################################ LATENCY MONITOR ##############################</span><br><span class="line"># 设置一个毫秒单位的延时阈值来开启延时监控</span><br><span class="line">latency-monitor-threshold 0</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">############################# EVENT NOTIFICATION ##############################</span><br><span class="line">notify-keyspace-events ""</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">############################### GOPHER SERVER #################################</span><br><span class="line"># 是否开启gopher功能</span><br><span class="line"># gopher-enabled no</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">############################### ADVANCED CONFIG ###############################</span><br><span class="line"># ziplist 中允许存储的最大条目个数</span><br><span class="line">hash-max-ziplist-entries 512</span><br><span class="line"># ziplist 中允许条目value值最大字节数</span><br><span class="line">hash-max-ziplist-value 64</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># -5: max size: 64 Kb <-- not recommended for normal workloads</span><br><span class="line"># -4: max size: 32 Kb <-- not recommended</span><br><span class="line"># -3: max size: 16 Kb <-- probably not recommended</span><br><span class="line"># -2: max size: 8 Kb <-- good</span><br><span class="line"># -1: max size: 4 Kb <-- good</span><br><span class="line"># ziplist 列表最大值</span><br><span class="line">list-max-ziplist-size -2</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># 一个 quicklist 两端不被压缩的节点个数</span><br><span class="line">list-compress-depth 0</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># 当集合中的元素全是整数,且长度不超过set-max-intset-entries(默认为512个)时,redis会选用intset作为内部编码，大于512用set</span><br><span class="line">set-max-intset-entries 512</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># 当有序集合元素个数小于zset-max-ziplist-entries配置(默认128),同时每个元素的值都小于zset-max-ziplist-value(默认是64B)时,</span><br><span class="line"># Redis会用ziplist来作为有序集合的内部编码实现,ziplist可以有效的减少内存的使用</span><br><span class="line">zset-max-ziplist-entries 128</span><br><span class="line">zset-max-ziplist-value 64</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">hll-sparse-max-bytes 3000</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">stream-node-max-bytes 4096</span><br><span class="line">stream-node-max-entries 100</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">activerehashing yes</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">client-output-buffer-limit normal 0 0 0</span><br><span class="line">client-output-buffer-limit replica 256mb 64mb 60</span><br><span class="line">client-output-buffer-limit pubsub 32mb 8mb 60</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># client-query-buffer-limit 1gb</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># proto-max-bulk-len 512mb</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">hz 10</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">dynamic-hz yes</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">aof-rewrite-incremental-fsync yes</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">rdb-save-incremental-fsync yes</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># lfu-log-factor 10</span><br><span class="line"># lfu-decay-time 1</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">########################### ACTIVE DEFRAGMENTATION #######################</span><br><span class="line"># Enabled active defragmentation</span><br><span class="line"># activedefrag no</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># Minimum amount of fragmentation waste to start active defrag</span><br><span class="line"># active-defrag-ignore-bytes 100mb</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># Minimum percentage of fragmentation to start active defrag</span><br><span class="line"># active-defrag-threshold-lower 10</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># Maximum percentage of fragmentation at which we use maximum effort</span><br><span class="line"># active-defrag-threshold-upper 100</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># Minimal effort for defrag in CPU percentage, to be used when the lower</span><br><span class="line"># threshold is reached</span><br><span class="line"># active-defrag-cycle-min 1</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># Maximal effort for defrag in CPU percentage, to be used when the upper</span><br><span class="line"># threshold is reached</span><br><span class="line"># active-defrag-cycle-max 25</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># Maximum number of set/hash/zset/list fields that will be processed from</span><br><span class="line"># the main dictionary scan</span><br><span class="line"># active-defrag-max-scan-fields 1000</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># Jemalloc background thread for purging will be enabled by default</span><br><span class="line">jemalloc-bg-thread yes</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># Set redis server/io threads to cpu affinity 0,2,4,6:</span><br><span class="line"># server_cpulist 0-7:2</span><br><span class="line">#</span><br><span class="line"># Set bio threads to cpu affinity 1,3:</span><br><span class="line"># bio_cpulist 1,3</span><br><span class="line">#</span><br><span class="line"># Set aof rewrite child process to cpu affinity 8,9,10,11:</span><br><span class="line"># aof_rewrite_cpulist 8-11</span><br><span class="line">#</span><br><span class="line"># Set bgsave child process to cpu affinity 1,10,11</span><br><span class="line"># bgsave_cpulist 1,10-11</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># ignore-warnings ARM64-COW-BUG</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</details>
<hr>
<h3 id="2-Redis常用配置">2. Redis常用配置</h3>
<ul>
<li>
<p>可以从 <a href="#1-redis-conf">redis.conf</a> 中提取出公共的配置，见：<a href="#3-common-conf">common.conf</a>。</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>单个 Redis 实例的个性配置如下：</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><code>bind</code>：要绑定的网络接口</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>port</code>：Redis 服务端口</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>daemonize</code>：是否后台运行</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>pidfile</code>：存放进程 pid 的文件</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>loglevel</code>：日志级别</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>logfile</code>：日志文件名</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>dbfilename</code>：RDB 持久化的文件名</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>dir</code>：数据库存放目录</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>replica-priority</code>：从机 的优先级</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>appendonly</code>：是否启用 AOF 持久化</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>appendfilename</code>：AOF 文件名</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>cluster-enabled</code>：是否启用集群</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>cluster-config-file</code>：集群节点配置文件</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>cluster-node-timeout</code>：集群节点不可用的最大时间</p>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">include /opt/redis/common.conf</span><br><span class="line">bind * -::*</span><br><span class="line">port 7000</span><br><span class="line">daemonize yes</span><br><span class="line">pidfile /opt/redis/redis_7000.pid</span><br><span class="line">loglevel notice</span><br><span class="line">logfile "redis_7000.log"</span><br><span class="line">dbfilename dump7000.rdb</span><br><span class="line">dir /opt/redis/</span><br><span class="line">replica-priority 100</span><br><span class="line">appendonly no</span><br><span class="line">appendfilename "appendonly7000.aof"</span><br><span class="line">#cluster-enabled yes</span><br><span class="line">#cluster-config-file nodes-7000.conf</span><br><span class="line">#cluster-node-timeout 15000</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="3-common-conf">3. common.conf</h3>
<ul>
<li>将通用的配置抽取出来放到一个单独的 conf 文件中，之后，在其他各自的配置文件中 include 即可。</li>
</ul>
<details>
<summary>
common.conf： 👇
</summary>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br><span class="line">58</span><br><span class="line">59</span><br><span class="line">60</span><br><span class="line">61</span><br><span class="line">62</span><br><span class="line">63</span><br><span class="line">64</span><br><span class="line">65</span><br><span class="line">66</span><br><span class="line">67</span><br><span class="line">68</span><br><span class="line">69</span><br><span class="line">70</span><br><span class="line">71</span><br><span class="line">72</span><br><span class="line">73</span><br><span class="line">74</span><br><span class="line">75</span><br><span class="line">76</span><br><span class="line">77</span><br><span class="line">78</span><br><span class="line">79</span><br><span class="line">80</span><br><span class="line">81</span><br><span class="line">82</span><br><span class="line">83</span><br><span class="line">84</span><br><span class="line">85</span><br><span class="line">86</span><br><span class="line">87</span><br><span class="line">88</span><br><span class="line">89</span><br><span class="line">90</span><br><span class="line">91</span><br><span class="line">92</span><br><span class="line">93</span><br><span class="line">94</span><br><span class="line">95</span><br><span class="line">96</span><br><span class="line">97</span><br><span class="line">98</span><br><span class="line">99</span><br><span class="line">100</span><br><span class="line">101</span><br><span class="line">102</span><br><span class="line">103</span><br><span class="line">104</span><br><span class="line">105</span><br><span class="line">106</span><br><span class="line">107</span><br><span class="line">108</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">################################## INCLUDES ###################################</span><br><span class="line">################################## MODULES #####################################</span><br><span class="line">################################## NETWORK #####################################</span><br><span class="line">protected-mode yes</span><br><span class="line">tcp-backlog 511</span><br><span class="line">timeout 0</span><br><span class="line">tcp-keepalive 300</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">################################# TLS/SSL #####################################</span><br><span class="line">################################# GENERAL #####################################</span><br><span class="line">databases 16</span><br><span class="line">always-show-logo no</span><br><span class="line">set-proc-title yes</span><br><span class="line">proc-title-template "{title} {listen-addr} {server-mode}"</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">################################ SNAPSHOTTING ################################</span><br><span class="line"># save 3600 1</span><br><span class="line"># save 300 100</span><br><span class="line"># save 60 10000</span><br><span class="line">stop-writes-on-bgsave-error yes</span><br><span class="line">rdbcompression yes</span><br><span class="line">rdbchecksum yes</span><br><span class="line">rdb-del-sync-files no</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">################################# REPLICATION #################################</span><br><span class="line">replica-serve-stale-data yes</span><br><span class="line">replica-read-only yes</span><br><span class="line">repl-diskless-sync no</span><br><span class="line">repl-diskless-sync-delay 5</span><br><span class="line">repl-diskless-load disabled</span><br><span class="line">repl-disable-tcp-nodelay no</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">############################### KEYS TRACKING #################################</span><br><span class="line">################################## SECURITY ###################################</span><br><span class="line">acllog-max-len 128</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">################################### CLIENTS ####################################</span><br><span class="line">############################## MEMORY MANAGEMENT ################################</span><br><span class="line">############################# LAZY FREEING ####################################</span><br><span class="line">lazyfree-lazy-eviction no</span><br><span class="line">lazyfree-lazy-expire no</span><br><span class="line">lazyfree-lazy-server-del no</span><br><span class="line">replica-lazy-flush no</span><br><span class="line">lazyfree-lazy-user-del no</span><br><span class="line">lazyfree-lazy-user-flush no</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">################################ THREADED I/O #################################</span><br><span class="line">############################ KERNEL OOM CONTROL ##############################</span><br><span class="line">oom-score-adj no</span><br><span class="line">oom-score-adj-values 0 200 800</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">#################### KERNEL transparent hugepage CONTROL ######################</span><br><span class="line">disable-thp yes</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">############################## APPEND ONLY MODE ###############################</span><br><span class="line">appendfsync everysec</span><br><span class="line">no-appendfsync-on-rewrite no</span><br><span class="line">auto-aof-rewrite-percentage 100</span><br><span class="line">auto-aof-rewrite-min-size 64mb</span><br><span class="line">aof-load-truncated yes</span><br><span class="line">aof-use-rdb-preamble yes</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">################################ LUA SCRIPTING LUA 脚本 ###############################</span><br><span class="line">lua-time-limit 5000</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">################################ REDIS CLUSTER ###############################</span><br><span class="line">########################## CLUSTER DOCKER/NAT support ########################</span><br><span class="line">################################## SLOW LOG ###################################</span><br><span class="line">slowlog-log-slower-than 10000</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">slowlog-max-len 128</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">################################ LATENCY MONITOR ##############################</span><br><span class="line">latency-monitor-threshold 0</span><br><span class="line">############################# EVENT NOTIFICATION ##############################</span><br><span class="line">notify-keyspace-events ""</span><br><span class="line">############################### GOPHER SERVER #################################</span><br><span class="line">############################### ADVANCED CONFIG ###############################</span><br><span class="line">hash-max-ziplist-entries 512</span><br><span class="line">hash-max-ziplist-value 64</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">list-max-ziplist-size -2</span><br><span class="line">list-compress-depth 0</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">set-max-intset-entries 512</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">zset-max-ziplist-entries 128</span><br><span class="line">zset-max-ziplist-value 64</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">hll-sparse-max-bytes 3000</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">stream-node-max-bytes 4096</span><br><span class="line">stream-node-max-entries 100</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">activerehashing yes</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">client-output-buffer-limit normal 0 0 0</span><br><span class="line">client-output-buffer-limit replica 256mb 64mb 60</span><br><span class="line">client-output-buffer-limit pubsub 32mb 8mb 60</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">hz 10</span><br><span class="line">dynamic-hz yes</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">aof-rewrite-incremental-fsync yes</span><br><span class="line">rdb-save-incremental-fsync yes</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># Jemalloc background thread for purging will be enabled by default</span><br><span class="line">jemalloc-bg-thread yes</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</details>
<hr>
<h2 id="三-Redis集群">三.Redis集群</h2>
<blockquote>
<p> 注意：这里搭建的伪分布式集群，在一台主机上，<code>redis-server</code> 了六个不同的 conf 文件。</p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="1-创建6个conf">1.创建6个conf</h3>
<ul>
<li>①执行命令：<code>mkdir /opt/redis/conf/</code>，创建配置文件存放目录。</li>
<li>②将 <a href="#3-common-conf">common.conf</a> 的内容复制到 <code>/opt/redis/conf/common.conf</code>中。</li>
<li>③创建6个不同的 conf 文件。</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">touch /opt/redis/conf/redis7000.conf</span><br><span class="line">touch /opt/redis/conf/redis7001.conf</span><br><span class="line">touch /opt/redis/conf/redis7002.conf</span><br><span class="line">touch /opt/redis/conf/redis7003.conf</span><br><span class="line">touch /opt/redis/conf/redis7004.conf</span><br><span class="line">touch /opt/redis/conf/redis7005.conf</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="2-集群配置">2.集群配置</h3>
<ul>
<li>①依次编辑 <code>/opt/redis/conf/redis****.conf</code> 等6个文件，添加下述内容（并将 <code>xxxx</code> 改为对应端口号）：</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">include /opt/redis/conf/common.conf</span><br><span class="line">bind * -::*</span><br><span class="line">port xxxx</span><br><span class="line">daemonize yes</span><br><span class="line">pidfile /opt/redis/redis_xxxx.pid</span><br><span class="line">loglevel notice</span><br><span class="line">logfile "redis_xxxx.log"</span><br><span class="line">dbfilename dump_xxxx.rdb</span><br><span class="line">dir /opt/redis/data/</span><br><span class="line">replica-priority 100</span><br><span class="line">appendonly no</span><br><span class="line">appendfilename "appendonly_xxxx.aof"</span><br><span class="line"># 开启集群</span><br><span class="line">cluster-enabled yes</span><br><span class="line">cluster-config-file nodes-xxxx.conf</span><br><span class="line">cluster-node-timeout 15000</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li>
<p>②执行<code>mkdir /opt/redis/data/</code> 命令。</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>③使用 <code>redis-server</code> 命令启动6个 Redis 实例：</p>
</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">SHELL=/bin/bash</span><br><span class="line">/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-server /opt/redis/conf/redis7000.conf</span><br><span class="line">/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-server /opt/redis/conf/redis7001.conf</span><br><span class="line">/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-server /opt/redis/conf/redis7002.conf</span><br><span class="line">/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-server /opt/redis/conf/redis7003.conf</span><br><span class="line">/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-server /opt/redis/conf/redis7004.conf</span><br><span class="line">/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-server /opt/redis/conf/redis7005.conf</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li>④使用命令 <code>ps -ef | grep redis</code> 查看 Redis 服务是否启动成功。</li>
</ul>
<p><img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/crainyday/blog@master/lazyload.svg" data-original="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/crainyday/blog@master/imgs/redis/redis_000.png" alt="Redis_000"></p>
<h3 id="3-使用命令搭建集群">3.使用命令搭建集群</h3>
<ul>
<li>
<p>注意：我这里是用 Ubuntu 20.04 在本地搭建的 伪分布式集群。若是服务器或虚拟机，别忘了修改 IP 地址。</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>①直接使用 <code>redis-cli</code> 命令创建集群：</p>
</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">redis-cli --cluster create 127.0.0.1:7000 127.0.0.1:7001 127.0.0.1:7002 127.0.0.1:7003 127.0.0.1:7004 127.0.0.1:7005 --cluster-replicas 1</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p><img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/crainyday/blog@master/lazyload.svg" data-original="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/crainyday/blog@master/imgs/redis/redis_001.png" alt="Redis_001"></p>
<p><img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/crainyday/blog@master/lazyload.svg" data-original="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/crainyday/blog@master/imgs/redis/redis_002.png" alt="Redis_002"></p>
<ul>
<li>②使用 Ruby 脚本创建集群：</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> 移动脚本</span></span><br><span class="line">cp /opt/redis-6.2.1/src/redis-trib.rb /opt/redis</span><br><span class="line">cd /opt/redis</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> 提权</span></span><br><span class="line">chmod +x redis-trib.rb</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> 创建集群</span></span><br><span class="line">./redis-trib.rb create --replicas 1 127.0.0.1:7000 127.0.0.1:7001 127.0.0.1:7002 127.0.0.1:7003 127.0.0.1:7004 127.0.0.1:7005</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="4-测试集群">4.测试集群</h3>
<ul>
<li>使用命令：<code>redis-cli -h 127.0.0.1 -p 7000 -c</code> 连接，测试即可。</li>
<li>注意：<code>-h</code>指定主机IP，<code>-p</code>指定端口号，<code>-c</code>表示连接集群。一定要加 <code>-c</code>。</li>
</ul>
<p><img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/crainyday/blog@master/lazyload.svg" data-original="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/crainyday/blog@master/imgs/redis/redis_003.png" alt="Redis_003"></p>
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