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版本控制工具: SVN、Git等.
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<a title='版本控制及Git简介' href='/Git_GitHub_01.html'><img class='thumbnail' src='https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/crainyday/blog@master/imgs/more/more07.png'></a>
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<a href="/Git_GitHub_01.html">
版本控制及Git简介
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<p>crainyday</p>
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<p>发布于：2020年3月26日</p>
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<p>版本控制思想及简单介绍.</p>
<p>版本控制工具: SVN、Git等.</p>
<p>Git的简单介绍.</p>
<a id="more"></a>
<h2 id="1-版本控制">1.版本控制</h2>
<h3 id="①为什么要进行版本控制">①为什么要进行版本控制</h3>
<blockquote>
<p> 对于个人来说:</p>
<ul>
<li>版本管理: 方便我们对代码版本的管理与维护.</li>
<li>数据备份: 能够保存整个项目所有的修改历史, 目录和文件的内容及状态. 当我们不小心<red>"永久删除"</red>了不该删除的文件时, 仍旧可以恢复.</li>
<li>分支管理: 可以根据正在开发管理的分支, 生成一个新的分支, 利用新的分支去完成一些新的功能, 而不影响主分支的运行, 就算是新分支开发失败, 直接删除就OK, 不会影响主分支. <red>你可以将分支理解为和原来一模一样的一个新的项目.</red></li>
<li>等等…</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
<p> 对于团队来说:</p>
<ul>
<li>上述对于个人开发者的好处不用再提.</li>
<li>协同开发: 支持多人同时修改服务器端的同一个文件. 当然, 你得先将服务器端的项目Pull一下, 才能向服务器Push你的代码.</li>
<li>权限控制: 可以严格的控制团队中的开发人员的权限. 其中Git工具支持, 对团队外开发者的代码进行审核并合并.</li>
<li>等等…</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="②版本控制工具">②版本控制工具</h3>
<div class="success">
<p> 版本控制工具分为: 集中式和分布式两种.</p>
<ul>
<li>集中式版本控制工具: SVN、CVS、VSS…一旦集中式的服务器单点故障, 一首《凉凉》吧.</li>
<li>分布式版本控制工具: Git、Bazaar、Darcs、Mercurial…</li>
</ul>
</div>
<p>现在为止, 最好用的, 也是最火的, 就是------<red>Git</red>.</p>
<hr>
<h2 id="2-Git">2.Git</h2>
<h3 id="Git的来历">Git的来历</h3>
<p><img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/crainyday/blog@master/lazyload.svg" data-original="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/crainyday/blog@master/imgs/Git/Git_GitHub_01_01.png" alt="Git_GitHub_01_01"></p>
<h3 id="Git的优势">Git的优势</h3>
<blockquote>
<ul>
<li>大部分操作本地即可完成，无需联网.</li>
<li>完整性保证(hash运算).</li>
<li>尽可能添加数据而不是删除或修改数据.</li>
<li>分支操作非常快捷流畅.</li>
<li>与 Linux 命令全面兼容(因为它的出现, 一开始就是为了管理Linux代码).</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="Git的安装">Git的安装</h3>
<blockquote>
<p>直接在<a href="https://git-scm.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">官网</a>下载安装包安装即可, <a href="https://git-scm.com/download/win" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Git For Windows</a>系统安装过程中注意:</p>
<ul>
<li>安装到无空格非中文目录.</li>
<li>建议使用Vim编辑器作为Git的默认编辑器.</li>
<li>Use Git From Git Bash Only, 无需修改系统Path变量仅在GitBash中使用Git即可.</li>
<li>剩下的就是无脑Next, 然后点击Install, 等待安装结束.</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<ul>
<li>这里我用的是Ubuntu客户端.</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">sudo add-apt-repository ppa:git-core/ppa</span><br><span class="line">sudo apt-get update</span><br><span class="line">sudo apt-get install git</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> 查看git版本, 有输出即安装成功</span></span><br><span class="line">git --version</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="Git的结构">Git的结构</h3>
<p><img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/crainyday/blog@master/lazyload.svg" data-original="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/crainyday/blog@master/imgs/Git/Git_GitHub_01_02.png" alt="Git_GitHub_01_02"></p>
<h3 id="Git与Git代码托管中心">Git与Git代码托管中心</h3>
<ul>
<li>
<p>局域网环境下:</p>
<ul>
<li>GitLab服务器------可以<a href="/Git_GitHub_04.html">自己搭建</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<p>外网环境下:</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://github.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">GitHub</a></li>
<li><a href="https://gitee.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">码云</a></li>
<li><a href="http://git.oschina.net/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">开源中国</a></li>
<li><a href="https://about.gitlab.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">GitLab</a></li>
<li>…</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="利用本地库和远程库完成团队内协作">利用本地库和远程库完成团队内协作</h3>
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<h3 id="利用本地库和远程库完成跨团队协作">利用本地库和远程库完成跨团队协作</h3>
<p><img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/crainyday/blog@master/lazyload.svg" data-original="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/crainyday/blog@master/imgs/Git/Git_GitHub_01_04.png" alt="Git_GitHub_01_04"></p>
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<ol class="toc"><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#1-版本控制"><span class="toc-text">1.版本控制</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#①为什么要进行版本控制"><span class="toc-text">①为什么要进行版本控制</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#②版本控制工具"><span class="toc-text">②版本控制工具</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#2-Git"><span class="toc-text">2.Git</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#Git的来历"><span class="toc-text">Git的来历</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#Git的优势"><span class="toc-text">Git的优势</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#Git的安装"><span class="toc-text">Git的安装</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#Git的结构"><span class="toc-text">Git的结构</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#Git与Git代码托管中心"><span class="toc-text">Git与Git代码托管中心</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#利用本地库和远程库完成团队内协作"><span class="toc-text">利用本地库和远程库完成团队内协作</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#利用本地库和远程库完成跨团队协作"><span class="toc-text">利用本地库和远程库完成跨团队协作</span></a></li></ol></li></ol>
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