WPML and HPPS: Duplicate entry error for lesson progress

[merkushin]

Steps to Reproduce

1. Install WPML, create a course and translate it. Please follow the instructions from this PR: Avoid creating new translation when it exists #7609
2. Go to Sensei LMS -> Settings -> Experimental Features.
3. Enable High-Performance Progress Storage (HPPS) and save changes.
4. Enable Progress storage synchronization and save changes.
5. Go to the translated course on the frontend.
6. Click on 'Take Course'. You appear in the first lesson.
7. Click on the title of the first lesson in the sidebar.
8. See error

What I Expected

I expect to see the same page without errors.

What Happened Instead

The error appeared.

PHP / WordPress / Sensei LMS version

6.5.3/4.24.0

Screenshot / Video

QdAk1b.mp4

Context / Source

#7609 (review)