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<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="zh-CN" data-theme="light"><head><meta charset="UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no"><title>Python进阶（四）异常 | BEIDAO.</title><meta name="keywords" content="面向对象编程,Python进阶"><meta name="author" content="Beidaos"><meta name="copyright" content="Beidaos"><meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"><meta name="theme-color" content="#C6B3B1"><meta name="mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes"><meta name="apple-touch-fullscreen" content="yes"><meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-title" content="Python进阶（四）异常"><meta name="application-name" content="Python进阶（四）异常"><meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes"><meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-status-bar-style" content="default"><link rel="bookmark" href="/img/siteicon/apple-touch-icon.png"><link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="180x180" href="/img/siteicon/apple-touch-icon.png"><link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="192x192" href="/img/siteicon/apple-touch-icon.png"><link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="512x512" href="/img/siteicon/apple-touch-icon.png"><link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" media="screen and (device-width:320px) and (device-height:568px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:2) and (orientation:landscape)" href="/img/siteicon/splashIcons/icon_1136x640.png"><link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" media="screen and (device-width:320px) and (device-height:568px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:2) and (orientation:portrait)" href="/img/siteicon/splashIcons/icon_640x1136.png"><link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" media="screen and (device-width:414px) and (device-height:896px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:3) and (orientation:landscape)" href="/img/siteicon/splashIcons/icon_2688x1242.png"><link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" media="screen and (device-width:414px) and (device-height:896px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:2) and (orientation:landscape)" href="/img/siteicon/splashIcons/icon_1792x828.png"><link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" media="screen and (device-width:375px) and (device-height:812px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:3) and (orientation:portrait)" href="/img/siteicon/splashIcons/icon_1125x2436.png"><link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" media="screen and (device-width:414px) and (device-height:896px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:2) and (orientation:portrait)" href="/img/siteicon/splashIcons/icon_828x1792.png"><link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" media="screen and (device-width:375px) and (device-height:812px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:3) and (orientation:landscape)" href="/img/siteicon/splashIcons/icon_2436x1125.png"><link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" media="screen and (device-width:414px) and (device-height:736px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:3) and (orientation:portrait)" href="/img/siteicon/splashIcons/icon_1242x2208.png"><link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" media="screen and (device-width:414px) and (device-height:736px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:3) and (orientation:landscape)" href="/img/siteicon/splashIcons/icon_2208x1242.png"><link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" media="screen and (device-width:375px) and (device-height:667px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:2) and (orientation:landscape)" href="/img/siteicon/splashIcons/icon_1334x750.png"><link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" media="screen and (device-width:375px) and (device-height:667px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:2) and (orientation:portrait)" href="/img/siteicon/splashIcons/icon_750x1334.png"><link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" media="screen and (device-width:1024px) and (device-height:1366px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:2) and (orientation:landscape)" href="/img/siteicon/splashIcons/icon_2732x2048.png"><meta name="description" content="目标 了解异常 捕获异常 异常的else 异常finally 异常的传递 自定义异常 一. 了解异常 当检测到一个错误时，解释器就无法继续执行了，反而出现了一些错误的提示，这就是所谓的"异常"。 例如：以r方式打开一个不存在的文件。 open(&#x27;test.txt&#x27;, &#x27;r&#x27;) 二. 异常的写法 2.1 语法 try: 可能发生">
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src="https://cdn.statically.io/gh/AnZhiJJ/Blog_Img@main/博客站点配图/python-logo.6puefdh4wtk0.png"></div></header><main class="layout" id="content-inner"><div id="post"><article class="post-content" id="article-container"><h1 id="目标">目标</h1>
<ul class="lvl-0">
<li class="lvl-2">了解异常</li>
<li class="lvl-2">捕获异常</li>
<li class="lvl-2">异常的else</li>
<li class="lvl-2">异常finally</li>
<li class="lvl-2">异常的传递</li>
<li class="lvl-2">自定义异常</li>
</ul>
<h1 id="一-了解异常">一. 了解异常</h1>
<p>当检测到一个错误时，解释器就无法继续执行了，反而出现了一些错误的提示，这就是所谓的"异常"。</p>
<p>例如：以<code>r</code>方式打开一个不存在的文件。</p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="built_in">open</span>(<span class="string">'test.txt'</span>, <span class="string">'r'</span>)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p><img src= "data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" data-lazy-src="https://cdn.statically.io/gh/AnZhiJJ/Blog_Img@Python/pythonStudy_img/image-20190305154200725.png" alt="image-2019030515420072"></p>
<h1 id="二-异常的写法">二. 异常的写法</h1>
<h2 id="2-1-语法">2.1 语法</h2>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">try</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> 可能发生错误的代码</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">except</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> 如果出现异常执行的代码</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="2-2-快速体验">2.2 快速体验</h2>
<p>需求：尝试以<code>r</code>模式打开文件，如果文件不存在，则以<code>w</code>方式打开。</p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">try</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> f = <span class="built_in">open</span>(<span class="string">'test.txt'</span>, <span class="string">'r'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">except</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> f = <span class="built_in">open</span>(<span class="string">'test.txt'</span>, <span class="string">'w'</span>)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="2-3-捕获指定异常（类型）">2.3 捕获指定异常（类型）</h2>
<h3 id="2-3-1-语法">2.3.1 语法</h3>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">try</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> 可能发生错误的代码</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">except</span> 异常类型:</span><br><span class="line"> 如果捕获到该异常类型执行的代码</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="2-3-2-体验">2.3.2 体验</h3>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">try</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(num)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">except</span> NameError:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'有错误'</span>)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<blockquote>
<p>注意：</p>
<ol>
<li class="lvl-3">如果尝试执行的代码的异常类型和要捕获的异常类型<font color='cornflowerblue'>不一致，则无法捕获异常。</font></li>
<li class="lvl-3"><strong>一般try下方只放一行尝试执行的代码。</strong></li>
</ol>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="2-3-3-捕获多个指定异常">2.3.3 捕获多个指定异常</h3>
<p><strong>当捕获多个异常时，可以把要捕获的异常类型的名字，放到except 后，并使用元组的方式进行书写。</strong></p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">try</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="number">1</span>/<span class="number">0</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">except</span> (NameError, ZeroDivisionError):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'有错误'</span>)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="2-3-4-捕获异常描述信息">2.3.4 捕获异常描述信息</h3>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">try</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(num)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">except</span> (NameError, ZeroDivisionError) <span class="keyword">as</span> result: <span class="comment"># 捕获异常描述信息 用‘as 变量’来接收异常信息</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(result)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="2-3-5-捕获所有异常">2.3.5 捕获所有异常</h3>
<p>**<font color='red'>Exception是所有 程序异常类的父类。</font>**可用于捕获代码执行错误的异常类型。</p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">try</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(num)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">except</span> Exception <span class="keyword">as</span> result: <span class="comment"># 利用Exception捕获程序异常描述信息</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(result)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="2-4-异常的else">2.4 异常的else</h2>
<p><strong>else表示的是如果没有异常要执行的代码。</strong></p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">try</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="number">1</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">except</span> Exception <span class="keyword">as</span> result:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(result)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">else</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'我是else，是没有异常的时候执行的代码'</span>)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="2-5-异常的finally">2.5 异常的finally</h2>
<p><strong>finally表示的是无论是否异常都要执行的代码，例如关闭文件。</strong></p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">try</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> f = <span class="built_in">open</span>(<span class="string">'test.txt'</span>, <span class="string">'r'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">except</span> Exception <span class="keyword">as</span> result:</span><br><span class="line"> f = <span class="built_in">open</span>(<span class="string">'test.txt'</span>, <span class="string">'w'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">else</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'没有异常，真开心'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">finally</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> f.close()</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h1 id="三-异常的传递">三. 异常的传递</h1>
<p>体验异常传递</p>
<p>需求：</p>
<p> 1. 尝试只读方式打开test.txt文件，如果文件存在则读取文件内容，文件不存在则提示用户即可。</p>
<p> 2. 读取内容要求：尝试循环读取内容，读取过程中如果检测到用户意外终止程序【去文件所在路径下执行cmd中输入<python <a target="_blank" rel="noopener external nofollow noreferrer" href="http://xn--5nqx7jp0r.py">文件名.py</a>> 执行中输入ctrl+c】，则<code>except</code>捕获异常并提示用户。</p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> time</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">try</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> f = <span class="built_in">open</span>(<span class="string">'test.txt'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">try</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">while</span> <span class="literal">True</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> content = f.readline()</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="built_in">len</span>(content) == <span class="number">0</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">break</span></span><br><span class="line"> time.sleep(<span class="number">2</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(content)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">except</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 如果在读取文件的过程中，产生了异常，那么就会捕获到</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 比如 按下了 ctrl+c</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'意外终止了读取数据'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">finally</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> f.close()</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'关闭文件'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">except</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">"没有这个文件"</span>)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h1 id="四-自定义异常类">四. 自定义异常类</h1>
<p>在Python中，抛出自定义异常的语法为<code> raise 异常类对象</code>。</p>
<p><strong>作用</strong>：<font color='red'>将不满足程序逻辑要求代码时进行报错。</font></p>
<p>需求：密码长度不足，则报异常（用户输入密码，如果输入的长度不足3位，则报错，即抛出自定义异常，并捕获该异常）。</p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 自定义异常类，继承Exception类：class Exception(object):</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">ShortInputError</span>(<span class="title class_ inherited__">Exception</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">__init__</span>(<span class="params">self, length, min_len</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> self.length = length</span><br><span class="line"> self.min_len = min_len</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 设置抛出异常的描述信息</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">__str__</span>(<span class="params">self</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="string">f'你输入的长度是<span class="subst">{self.length}</span>, 不能少于<span class="subst">{self.min_len}</span>个字符'</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">main</span>():</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">try</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> con = <span class="built_in">input</span>(<span class="string">'请输入密码：'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="built_in">len</span>(con) < <span class="number">3</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 抛出异常类创建的对象</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">raise</span> ShortInputError(<span class="built_in">len</span>(con), <span class="number">3</span>) <span class="comment"># 有异常执行自定义异常类</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 捕获该异常</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">except</span> Exception <span class="keyword">as</span> result: <span class="comment"># 多继承默认使用子类属性和方法</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(result)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">else</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'密码已经输入完成'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">main()</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h1 id="五-总结">五. 总结</h1>
<ul class="lvl-0">
<li class="lvl-2">
<p>异常语法</p>
</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">try</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> 可能发生异常的代码</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">except</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> 如果出现异常执行的代码</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">else</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> 没有异常执行的代码</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">finally</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> 无论是否异常都要执行的代码</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul class="lvl-0">
<li class="lvl-2">
<p>捕获异常</p>
</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">except</span> 异常类型:</span><br><span class="line"> 代码</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">except</span> 异常类型 <span class="keyword">as</span> xx:</span><br><span class="line"> 代码</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul class="lvl-0">
<li class="lvl-2">
<p>自定义异常</p>
</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 1. 自定义异常类，继承Exception类</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">异常类类名</span>(<span class="title class_ inherited__">Exception</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> 代码</span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 设置抛出异常的描述信息</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">__str__</span>(<span class="params">self</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> ...</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 2. 抛出异常，不满足条件逻辑时可设置</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">raise</span> 异常类名()</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 捕获异常</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">except</span> Exception...</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
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href="#%E4%BA%8C-%E5%BC%82%E5%B8%B8%E7%9A%84%E5%86%99%E6%B3%95"><span class="toc-text">二. 异常的写法</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#2-1-%E8%AF%AD%E6%B3%95"><span class="toc-text">2.1 语法</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#2-2-%E5%BF%AB%E9%80%9F%E4%BD%93%E9%AA%8C"><span class="toc-text">2.2 快速体验</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#2-3-%E6%8D%95%E8%8E%B7%E6%8C%87%E5%AE%9A%E5%BC%82%E5%B8%B8%EF%BC%88%E7%B1%BB%E5%9E%8B%EF%BC%89"><span class="toc-text">2.3 捕获指定异常（类型）</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#2-3-1-%E8%AF%AD%E6%B3%95"><span class="toc-text">2.3.1 语法</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#2-3-2-%E4%BD%93%E9%AA%8C"><span class="toc-text">2.3.2 体验</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#2-3-3-%E6%8D%95%E8%8E%B7%E5%A4%9A%E4%B8%AA%E6%8C%87%E5%AE%9A%E5%BC%82%E5%B8%B8"><span class="toc-text">2.3.3 捕获多个指定异常</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#2-3-4-%E6%8D%95%E8%8E%B7%E5%BC%82%E5%B8%B8%E6%8F%8F%E8%BF%B0%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF"><span class="toc-text">2.3.4 捕获异常描述信息</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#2-3-5-%E6%8D%95%E8%8E%B7%E6%89%80%E6%9C%89%E5%BC%82%E5%B8%B8"><span class="toc-text">2.3.5 捕获所有异常</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#2-4-%E5%BC%82%E5%B8%B8%E7%9A%84else"><span class="toc-text">2.4 异常的else</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#2-5-%E5%BC%82%E5%B8%B8%E7%9A%84finally"><span class="toc-text">2.5 异常的finally</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-1"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E4%B8%89-%E5%BC%82%E5%B8%B8%E7%9A%84%E4%BC%A0%E9%80%92"><span class="toc-text">三. 异常的传递</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-1"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E5%9B%9B-%E8%87%AA%E5%AE%9A%E4%B9%89%E5%BC%82%E5%B8%B8%E7%B1%BB"><span class="toc-text">四. 自定义异常类</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-1"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E4%BA%94-%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%93"><span class="toc-text">五. 总结</span></a></li></ol></div></div><div class="card-widget card-recent-post"><div class="item-headline"><i class="anzhiyufont anzhiyu-icon-history"></i><span>最新文章</span></div><div class="aside-list"><div class="aside-list-item"><a class="thumbnail" href="" title="卷积神经网络-CNN"><img src= "data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" data-lazy-src="https://cdn.statically.io/gh/AnZhiJJ/Blog_Img@Science+/read_paper/1.kupf912yxi8.webp" onerror="this.onerror=null;this.src='/img/404.jpg'" alt="卷积神经网络-CNN"/></a><div class="content"><a class="title" href="" title="卷积神经网络-CNN">卷积神经网络-CNN</a><time datetime="2023-07-26T00:00:00.000Z" title="发表于 2023-07-26 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observer.observe(postCommentTarget);
}
initCommentBarrage();
if (localStorage.getItem("commentBarrageSwitch") !== "false") {
document.querySelector(".comment-barrage").style.display = "flex";
document.querySelector(".menu-commentBarrage-text").textContent = "关闭热评";
} else {
document.querySelector(".comment-barrage").style.display = "none";
document.querySelector(".menu-commentBarrage-text").textContent = "显示热评";
}
document.addEventListener("pjax:send", function () {
clearInterval(commentInterval);
});
}</script><script data-pjax src="https://npm.elemecdn.com/[email protected]/catalog-bar/catalog-bar.js"></script><script async data-pjax src="https://npm.elemecdn.com/[email protected]/categoryBar/categoryBar.js"></script><script async data-pjax src="https://npm.elemecdn.com/[email protected]/waterfall/waterfall.js"></script><script src="https://lf3-cdn-tos.bytecdntp.com/cdn/expire-1-M/qrcodejs/1.0.0/qrcode.min.js"></script><script>// 初始化函数
let rm = {};
//禁止图片拖拽
let imgElements = document.getElementsByTagName("img");
for (let i = 0; i < imgElements.length; i++) {
imgElements[i].addEventListener("dragstart", function (event) {
event.preventDefault();
});
}
// 显示菜单
rm.showRightMenu = function (isTrue, x = 0, y = 0) {
console.info(x, y)
let rightMenu = document.getElementById("rightMenu");
rightMenu.style.top = x + "px";
rightMenu.style.left = y + "px";
if (isTrue) {
rightMenu.style.display = "block";
stopMaskScroll();
} else {
rightMenu.style.display = "none";
}
};
// 隐藏菜单
rm.hideRightMenu = function () {
rm.showRightMenu(false);
let rightMenuMask = document.querySelector("#rightmenu-mask");
rightMenuMask.style.display = "none";
};
// 尺寸
let rmWidth = document.getElementById("rightMenu").offsetWidth;
let rmHeight = document.getElementById("rightMenu").offsetHeight;
// 重新定义尺寸
rm.reloadrmSize = function () {
rightMenu.style.visibility = "hidden";
rightMenu.style.display = "block";
// 获取宽度和高度
rmWidth = document.getElementById("rightMenu").offsetWidth;
rmHeight = document.getElementById("rightMenu").offsetHeight;
rightMenu.style.visibility = "visible";
};
// 获取点击的href
let domhref = "";
let domImgSrc = "";
let globalEvent = null;
var oncontextmenuFunction = function (event) {
if (document.body.clientWidth > 768) {
let pageX = event.clientX + 10; //加10是为了防止显示时鼠标遮在菜单上
let pageY = event.clientY;
//其他额外菜单
const $rightMenuOther = document.querySelector(".rightMenuOther");
const $rightMenuPlugin = document.querySelector(".rightMenuPlugin");
const $rightMenuCopyText = document.querySelector("#menu-copytext");
const $rightMenuPasteText = document.querySelector("#menu-pastetext");
const $rightMenuCommentText = document.querySelector("#menu-commenttext");
const $rightMenuNewWindow = document.querySelector("#menu-newwindow");
const $rightMenuNewWindowImg = document.querySelector("#menu-newwindowimg");
const $rightMenuCopyLink = document.querySelector("#menu-copylink");
const $rightMenuCopyImg = document.querySelector("#menu-copyimg");
const $rightMenuDownloadImg = document.querySelector("#menu-downloadimg");
const $rightMenuSearch = document.querySelector("#menu-search");
const $rightMenuSearchBaidu = document.querySelector("#menu-searchBaidu");
const $rightMenuMusicToggle = document.querySelector("#menu-music-toggle");
const $rightMenuMusicBack = document.querySelector("#menu-music-back");
const $rightMenuMusicForward = document.querySelector("#menu-music-forward");
const $rightMenuMusicPlaylist = document.querySelector("#menu-music-playlist");
const $rightMenuMusicCopyMusicName = document.querySelector("#menu-music-copyMusicName");
let href = event.target.href;
let imgsrc = event.target.currentSrc;
// 判断模式 扩展模式为有事件
let pluginMode = false;
$rightMenuOther.style.display = "block";
globalEvent = event;
// 检查是否需要复制 是否有选中文本
if (selectTextNow && window.getSelection()) {
pluginMode = true;
$rightMenuCopyText.style.display = "block";
$rightMenuCommentText.style.display = "block";
$rightMenuSearch.style.display = "block";
$rightMenuSearchBaidu.style.display = "block";
} else {
$rightMenuCopyText.style.display = "none";
$rightMenuCommentText.style.display = "none";
$rightMenuSearchBaidu.style.display = "none";
$rightMenuSearch.style.display = "none";
}
//检查是否右键点击了链接a标签
if (href) {
pluginMode = true;
$rightMenuNewWindow.style.display = "block";
$rightMenuCopyLink.style.display = "block";
domhref = href;
} else {
$rightMenuNewWindow.style.display = "none";
$rightMenuCopyLink.style.display = "none";
}
//检查是否需要复制图片
if (imgsrc) {
pluginMode = true;
$rightMenuCopyImg.style.display = "block";
$rightMenuDownloadImg.style.display = "block";
$rightMenuNewWindowImg.style.display = "block";
document.getElementById("rightMenu").style.width="12rem"
domImgSrc = imgsrc;
} else {
$rightMenuCopyImg.style.display = "none";
$rightMenuDownloadImg.style.display = "none";
$rightMenuNewWindowImg.style.display = "none";
}
// 判断是否为输入框
if (event.target.tagName.toLowerCase() === "input" || event.target.tagName.toLowerCase() === "textarea") {
pluginMode = true;
$rightMenuPasteText.style.display = "block";
} else {
$rightMenuPasteText.style.display = "none";
}
const navMusicEl = document.querySelector("#nav-music");
//判断是否是音乐
if (navMusicEl && navMusicEl.contains(event.target)) {
pluginMode = true;
$rightMenuMusicToggle.style.display = "block";
$rightMenuMusicBack.style.display = "block";
$rightMenuMusicForward.style.display = "block";
$rightMenuMusicPlaylist.style.display = "block";
$rightMenuMusicCopyMusicName.style.display = "block";
} else {
$rightMenuMusicToggle.style.display = "none";
$rightMenuMusicBack.style.display = "none";
$rightMenuMusicForward.style.display = "none";
$rightMenuMusicPlaylist.style.display = "none";
$rightMenuMusicCopyMusicName.style.display = "none";
}
// 如果不是扩展模式则隐藏扩展模块
if (pluginMode) {
$rightMenuOther.style.display = "none";
$rightMenuPlugin.style.display = "block";
} else {
$rightMenuPlugin.style.display = "none";
}
rm.reloadrmSize();
// 鼠标默认显示在鼠标右下方，当鼠标靠右或靠下时，将菜单显示在鼠标左方\上方
if (pageX + rmWidth > window.innerWidth) {
pageX -= rmWidth + 10;
}
if (pageY + rmHeight > window.innerHeight) {
pageY -= pageY + rmHeight - window.innerHeight;
}
rm.showRightMenu(true, pageY, pageX);
document.getElementById("rightmenu-mask").style.display = "flex";
return false;
}
};
// 监听右键初始化
window.oncontextmenu = oncontextmenuFunction
// 下载图片状态
rm.downloadimging = false;
// 复制图片到剪贴板
rm.writeClipImg = function (imgsrc) {
console.log("按下复制");
rm.hideRightMenu();
anzhiyu.snackbarShow("正在下载中，请稍后", false, 10000);
if (rm.downloadimging == false) {
rm.downloadimging = true;
setTimeout(function () {
copyImage(imgsrc);
anzhiyu.snackbarShow("复制成功！图片已添加盲水印，请遵守版权协议");
rm.downloadimging = false;
}, "10000");
}
};
function imageToBlob(imageURL) {
const img = new Image();
const c = document.createElement("canvas");
const ctx = c.getContext("2d");
img.crossOrigin = "";
img.src = imageURL;
return new Promise(resolve => {
img.onload = function () {
c.width = this.naturalWidth;
c.height = this.naturalHeight;
ctx.drawImage(this, 0, 0);
c.toBlob(
blob => {
// here the image is a blob
resolve(blob);
},
"image/png",
0.75
);
};
});
}
async function copyImage(imageURL) {
const blob = await imageToBlob(imageURL);
const item = new ClipboardItem({ "image/png": blob });
navigator.clipboard.write([item]);
}
rm.switchDarkMode = function () {
// Switch Between Light And Dark Mode
const nowMode = document.documentElement.getAttribute("data-theme") === "dark" ? "dark" : "light";
if (nowMode === "light") {
activateDarkMode();
saveToLocal.set("theme", "dark", 2);
GLOBAL_CONFIG.Snackbar !== undefined && anzhiyu.snackbarShow(GLOBAL_CONFIG.Snackbar.day_to_night);
document.querySelector(".menu-darkmode-text").textContent = "浅色模式";
} else {
activateLightMode();
saveToLocal.set("theme", "light", 2);
GLOBAL_CONFIG.Snackbar !== undefined && anzhiyu.snackbarShow(GLOBAL_CONFIG.Snackbar.night_to_day);
document.querySelector(".menu-darkmode-text").textContent = "深色模式";
}
// handle some cases
typeof runMermaid === "function" && window.runMermaid();
rm.hideRightMenu();
anzhiyu.darkModeStatus();
};
rm.copyUrl = function (id) {
const input = document.createElement("input"); // Create a new <input> element
input.id = "copyVal"; // Set the id of the new element to "copyVal"
document.body.appendChild(input); // Append the new element to the end of the <body> element
const text = id;
input.value = text;
input.select();
input.setSelectionRange(0, input.value.length);
document.execCommand("copy");
input.remove(); // Remove the <input> element from the DOM