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<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="zh-CN" data-theme="light"><head><meta charset="UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no"><title>阅读笔记（一）：双向梯形夹芯板对压成形的数值模拟研究 | BEIDAO.</title><meta name="keywords" content="文献笔记"><meta name="author" content="Beidaos"><meta name="copyright" content="Beidaos"><meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"><meta name="theme-color" content="#C6B3B1"><meta name="mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes"><meta name="apple-touch-fullscreen" content="yes"><meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-title" content="阅读笔记（一）：双向梯形夹芯板对压成形的数值模拟研究"><meta name="application-name" content="阅读笔记（一）：双向梯形夹芯板对压成形的数值模拟研究"><meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes"><meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-status-bar-style" content="default"><link rel="bookmark" href="/img/siteicon/apple-touch-icon.png"><link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="180x180" href="/img/siteicon/apple-touch-icon.png"><link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="192x192" href="/img/siteicon/apple-touch-icon.png"><link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="512x512" href="/img/siteicon/apple-touch-icon.png"><link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" media="screen and (device-width:320px) and (device-height:568px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:2) and (orientation:landscape)" href="/img/siteicon/splashIcons/icon_1136x640.png"><link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" media="screen and (device-width:320px) and (device-height:568px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:2) and (orientation:portrait)" href="/img/siteicon/splashIcons/icon_640x1136.png"><link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" media="screen and (device-width:414px) and (device-height:896px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:3) and (orientation:landscape)" href="/img/siteicon/splashIcons/icon_2688x1242.png"><link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" media="screen and (device-width:414px) and (device-height:896px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:2) and (orientation:landscape)" href="/img/siteicon/splashIcons/icon_1792x828.png"><link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" media="screen and (device-width:375px) and (device-height:812px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:3) and (orientation:portrait)" href="/img/siteicon/splashIcons/icon_1125x2436.png"><link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" media="screen and (device-width:414px) and (device-height:896px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:2) and (orientation:portrait)" href="/img/siteicon/splashIcons/icon_828x1792.png"><link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" media="screen and (device-width:375px) and (device-height:812px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:3) and (orientation:landscape)" href="/img/siteicon/splashIcons/icon_2436x1125.png"><link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" media="screen and (device-width:414px) and (device-height:736px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:3) and (orientation:portrait)" href="/img/siteicon/splashIcons/icon_1242x2208.png"><link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" media="screen and (device-width:414px) and (device-height:736px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:3) and (orientation:landscape)" href="/img/siteicon/splashIcons/icon_2208x1242.png"><link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" media="screen and (device-width:375px) and (device-height:667px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:2) and (orientation:landscape)" href="/img/siteicon/splashIcons/icon_1334x750.png"><link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" media="screen and (device-width:375px) and (device-height:667px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:2) and (orientation:portrait)" href="/img/siteicon/splashIcons/icon_750x1334.png"><link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" media="screen and (device-width:1024px) and (device-height:1366px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:2) and (orientation:landscape)" href="/img/siteicon/splashIcons/icon_2732x2048.png"><meta name="description" content="第1章 绪论 1.1 研究背景 1.1.1 夹芯板构成 夹芯板由上、下两块高强度面板及在垂直于面板方向有足够刚度的较厚、轻质的芯材组成，采用一定的成型工艺使三者组合在一起。即面板+芯层结构+面板 由于夹芯板结构的具体形式以及面板、芯材材料的多样性，可以通过合理的搭配组合来有效地提高材料利用率。 面板材料 面板材料通常可以选择钢板、铝板、硬质料板、胶合板、纸板、复合材料层合板甚至混泥土板等 芯层材料">
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<meta property="og:description" content="第1章 绪论 1.1 研究背景 1.1.1 夹芯板构成 夹芯板由上、下两块高强度面板及在垂直于面板方向有足够刚度的较厚、轻质的芯材组成，采用一定的成型工艺使三者组合在一起。即面板+芯层结构+面板 由于夹芯板结构的具体形式以及面板、芯材材料的多样性，可以通过合理的搭配组合来有效地提高材料利用率。 面板材料 面板材料通常可以选择钢板、铝板、硬质料板、胶合板、纸板、复合材料层合板甚至混泥土板等 芯层材料">
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class="post-meta-position" title="作者IP属地为北京"><i class="anzhiyufont anzhiyu-icon-location-dot"></i>北京</span></div></div></div><section class="main-hero-waves-area waves-area"><svg class="waves-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" viewBox="0 24 150 28" preserveAspectRatio="none" shape-rendering="auto"><defs><path id="gentle-wave" d="M -160 44 c 30 0 58 -18 88 -18 s 58 18 88 18 s 58 -18 88 -18 s 58 18 88 18 v 44 h -352 Z"></path></defs><g class="parallax"><use href="#gentle-wave" x="48" y="0"></use><use href="#gentle-wave" x="48" y="3"></use><use href="#gentle-wave" x="48" y="5"></use><use href="#gentle-wave" x="48" y="7"></use></g></svg></section><div id="post-top-cover"><img class="nolazyload" id="post-top-bg" src="https://cdn.statically.io/gh/AnZhiJJ/Blog_Img@main/博客站点配图/58549087b0d8455eb399ff0dba34f6c0.455cuw9jqqg0.webp"></div></header><main class="layout" id="content-inner"><div id="post"><article class="post-content" id="article-container"><link rel="stylesheet external nofollow noreferrer" type="text/css" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/hint.css/2.4.1/hint.min.css"><h1 id="第1章-绪论">第1章 绪论</h1>
<h2 id="1-1-研究背景">1.1 研究背景</h2>
<h3 id="1-1-1-夹芯板构成">1.1.1 夹芯板构成</h3>
<p>夹芯板由上、下两块高强度面板及在垂直于面板方向有足够刚度的较厚、轻质的芯材组成，采用一定的成型工艺使三者组合在一起。即<strong>面板+芯层结构+面板</strong></p>
<p>由于夹芯板结构的具体形式以及面板、芯材材料的多样性，可以通过合理的搭配组合来有效地提高材料利用率。</p>
<h4 id="面板材料">面板材料</h4>
<p>面板材料通常可以选择钢板、铝板、硬质料板、胶合板、纸板、复合材料层合板甚至混泥土板等</p>
<h4 id="芯层材料">芯层材料</h4>
<p>芯层材料根据实际需要可分为软夹芯和硬夹芯，其中，</p>
<p>软夹芯可以是泡沫塑料如泡沫铝、高分子合成泡沫、铝箔、玻璃纤维强塑料、碳纤维布等，</p>
<p>硬夹芯包括金属丝编织物、陶瓷、橡胶阻尼材料、轻质木材等[^4-6]。</p>
<h3 id="1-1-2-常见夹芯结构">1.1.2 常见夹芯结构</h3>
<p>如果按照夹层结构芯层的材料分，常见的夹芯结构可以大致分为三类：泡沫铝夹芯夹层板、金属型材夹芯夹层板和聚合物泡沫夹芯夹层板。</p>
<h4 id="泡沫铝夹芯夹层板">泡沫铝夹芯夹层板</h4>
<p>泡沫铝夹芯夹层板的<strong>夹芯层材料选用具有优异吸声、吸能、减震、抗冲击的泡沫铝，上、下面板通常采用具有一定强度的不锈钢板、铝合金板等材料</strong>,这样可以弥补泡沫铝多孔结构导致强度比较低的缺陷。</p>
<p>为了提高夹芯结构整体刚度和强度，有的泡沫铝芯层板往往在内部植入加强筋[^7,8]。聚合物泡沫也是夹芯板的常见芯材之一，具有质量轻、比强度高、抗疲劳性能好、抗冲击吸 能强、绝热、隔音、减震等一系列优异性能。</p>
<h4 id="型材夹心板">型材夹心板</h4>
<p>夹芯板的芯材除了泡沫铝和聚合物，型材也是主要芯材之一，根据型材的具体形式不同，<strong>型材夹芯板主要分为蜂窝夹芯板和异型夹芯板两种。</strong></p>
<p><strong>蜂窝夹芯板</strong></p>
<p>金属蜂窝夹芯板[^9-14]的成型工艺是将预先制备好的铝蜂窝芯和上、下面板进行胶结或者焊合。</p>
<p>使用焊接法制造的焊接蜂窝板的力能性能院高于同规格的胶粘蜂窝板，被越来越多地应用于航空、航天、交 通运输、军事领域。</p>
<p><strong>异型夹芯板</strong></p>
<p>异型夹芯板也可以称为点阵夹芯板，主要有 V 型、X 型、梯形、O 型、Z 型、I 型等，几种夹芯结构如图 1.1 所示。</p>
<p><img src= "data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" data-lazy-src="https://cdn.statically.io/gh/AnZhiJJ/Blog_Img@Science+/%E5%B0%8F%E8%AE%BA%E6%96%87/image-20230526100151493.png" alt="^image-20230526100151493"></p>
<p><strong>波纹夹芯板也属于异型夹芯板的一种</strong>，上下面板通常使用不锈钢、高强钢、低碳钢、铝合金等金属材料，夹芯采用各种形状的波纹形板或型材板，按具体形式的不同可 以主要分为以下三类：曲线类波纹夹芯板、折线类波纹夹芯板和型材类夹芯板，如图 1.2 所示。</p>
<p><img src= "data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" data-lazy-src="https://cdn.statically.io/gh/AnZhiJJ/Blog_Img@Science+/read_note/image-20230526100518206.png" alt="^image-20230526100518206"></p>
<p>波纹夹芯板有许多显著的优点，<strong>如能够减小零件的质量进而提高比强度和比刚度来实现轻量化、降噪减震、改善抗撞击性、低畸变无需校准、内部防腐蚀、增强热绝缘性和防火安全性以及可通过精确预制标准件便于快速组装以降低制造成本等</strong>，这些优点使 其得以广泛地应用，同时获得比较明显的经济效益<sup id="fnref:15"><a href="#fn:15" rel="footnote"><span class="hint--top hint--error hint--medium hint--rounded hint--bounce" aria-label="">15</span></a></sup>。</p>
<h3 id="1-1-3-本文研究对象">1.1.3 本文研究对象</h3>
<p>本文研究的<strong>双向梯形夹芯板</strong>是波纹夹芯板的衍生出来的一种结构形式，夹芯是带有梯形凸台、凹坑的铝板，通过模具冲压而成，然后与上下铝板通过钎焊焊接在一起。与 传统的蜂窝板不同，该芯层结构是由整块铝合金板加工而成，芯板内部不会存在由粘接或焊接造成的缺陷。与传统的波纹板相比，在正交两个方向上都具有一定的抗弯刚度， 使其获得更好的抵抗不同方向变形的承载性能。</p>
<h2 id="1-2-夹芯板的特点及应用">1.2 夹芯板的特点及应用</h2>
<h3 id="1-2-1-夹芯板的特点">1.2.1 夹芯板的特点</h3>
<p>夹芯板具有许多传统常规材料所不具备的特点，总结起来主要有以下几点：</p>
<p>（1）密度小、质量轻、刚度大</p>
<blockquote>
<p>夹芯板的芯层结构多为空洞，实体部分截面积很小，使它的密度相比于钢板、铝板等普通板材来说要小的多，所以夹芯板的质量很轻。<strong>夹芯部分厚且轻，将上下面板分离使其两者之间的距离变大，并且与两个面板用一定的工艺连接在一起成为一个整体，其结构特性类似于工字梁，上面板相当于工字梁翼缘，夹芯相当于工字梁腹板。中间夹芯层的高度远大于上、下面板的厚度，这样使得上下面板被架高而远离原来中心轴，由惯性矩公式可知横截面惯性矩被放大很多倍，同时夹芯层也具有一定的刚度，可以支撑面板不易发生失稳，使得这种结构在面板很薄的情况下同样具有很大的刚度，从而达到了轻量化的效果，这就是“三明治”刚度效应。</strong></p>
</blockquote>
<p>（2）隔（吸）热性好、减振能力强</p>
<blockquote>
<p>夹层结构与一般的防护材料相比，在有效地抵制爆炸时的强烈冲击的同时也隔绝了巨大的热量，此外还避免了刚体位移过大导致的非强度破坏，体现了很好的隔热性和减振性。蜂窝板中的夹芯结构互不相通，空气被完全封闭而不能流动，可以达到阻碍热量和声波传递的目的，因此蜂窝板具有很好的隔音隔热性。 此外，夹层材料有多种选择，可供选择的材料包括金属材料和非金属材料，金属材料有碳纤维、玻璃纤维、芳纶纤维等复合材料<sup id="fnref:16"><a href="#fn:16" rel="footnote"><span class="hint--top hint--error hint--medium hint--rounded hint--bounce" aria-label="">16</span></a></sup>，金属材料有铝合金、钛合金、不锈钢等。高分子化合物因其良好的比强度高性能被越来越多地用于作为夹层结构的材料。面板材料通常可以选择钢板、铝板、硬质料板、胶合板、纸板、复合材料层合板甚至混泥 土板等。通过合理搭配上下面板材料和夹芯材料可以制作不同的夹层结构，进而发挥出 不同场合不同领域所需要实现的不同功能。</p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="1-2-2-夹芯板的应用">1.2.2 夹芯板的应用</h3>
<p>夹层结构最早主要应用于航空领域<sup id="fnref:17"><a href="#fn:17" rel="footnote"><span class="hint--top hint--error hint--medium hint--rounded hint--bounce" aria-label="">17</span></a></sup>，并在 1969 年美国宇宙飞船登上月球的过程 中发挥了关键作用。从 20 世纪 60 年代开始，夹层技术逐渐地应用在其他的领域，如飞机、卫星、航天飞行器、轨道车辆、船舶和建筑等，从而进入了夹层结构多元化应用的 时代。目前，夹层结构主要应用在以下几个方面：</p>
<p>（1）飞机</p>
<p>飞机结构设计的一大原则就是在满足强度要求的前提下保证结构尽可能轻、薄[^18-20]。为了达到轻量化的目的，具有高比刚度的夹层结构显然是有效的选择。蜂窝夹层结构在机翼前缘方向舵，后缘壁板、尾翼壁板、直升机的旋翼、发动机罩、发动 机舱门、发动机整流罩等结构中有夹层结构的大量应用<sup id="fnref:21"><a href="#fn:21" rel="footnote"><span class="hint--top hint--error hint--medium hint--rounded hint--bounce" aria-label="">21</span></a></sup>。</p>
<p>（2）卫星和航天运载飞行器</p>
<p>由于夹层结构的诸多优点，使其得以广泛地应用于国内外卫星上的抛物面天线、太 阳能电池帆板、仪器安装板和各种载荷舱等主要构件。</p>
<p>卫星上经常使用的一种夹层板是由以碳纤维复合材料作为面板与蜂窝夹芯组合的，然后再经过后期的优化设计使其膨胀系数降为零，这样即使在温差较大的环境中其形状位置也不会发生较大的变化。卫星的主体结构主要都采用了这种碳纤维复合材料的夹芯板，它不仅可以有效地抵抗温差，还 有很高的比强度和比刚度，在保持较小的重量情况下可以有效地承载各种的载荷。</p>
<p>法国通讯一号卫星上使用的是蜂窝夹芯板，在夹芯层中填充了泡沫材料后使其具有了减振和 吸收冲击波的功能，在这个卫星的信号反射器上还将这种夹芯板做成了抛物面使其得以 更好地发挥优势作用。</p>
<p>（3）轨道车辆、船舶</p>
<p>国内最早将夹层结构应用在铁路客车上要追溯到长春客车厂生产的第一批北京地铁客车，车门门板使用的就是蜂窝铝板<sup id="fnref:23"><a href="#fn:23" rel="footnote"><span class="hint--top hint--error hint--medium hint--rounded hint--bounce" aria-label="">23</span></a></sup>，随后生产的25A型客车上也出现了这种蜂窝结构，并成功开发了制造这种结构的成型工艺和相应的大幅面热压机<sup id="fnref:24"><a href="#fn:24" rel="footnote"><span class="hint--top hint--error hint--medium hint--rounded hint--bounce" aria-label="">24</span></a></sup>。</p>
<p>夹层结构在汽车上也有较多的应用，常常出现在车身外蒙皮、车身结构、车架结构、保险杠、座椅、车门等结构中，很好的起到了减轻车体重量的作用。例如，将纸蜂窝芯和上下以防锈钢板为面板用一定工艺制成的蜂窝板，用在汽车地板和车顶衬里，会表现出较好的吸声性能<sup id="fnref:25"><a href="#fn:25" rel="footnote"><span class="hint--top hint--error hint--medium hint--rounded hint--bounce" aria-label="">25</span></a></sup>。</p>
<p>夹层结构开始在各种轮船的承载部位上有了用武之地，如船体甲板、船壳等结构。据统计显示，夹层结构的结构件和非结构件分别比传统材料（木材、金属等）制造的构件轻50%和75%以上，可见夹层结构在减轻船体重量实现轻量化方面起到了不可替代的作用，节约的资源不可估量<sup id="fnref:26"><a href="#fn:26" rel="footnote"><span class="hint--top hint--error hint--medium hint--rounded hint--bounce" aria-label="">26</span></a></sup>。</p>
<p>（4）建筑</p>
<p>不同的夹芯材料和结构与不同的面板材料可搭配组合成多种芯层结构，能够满足不同的建筑需要，如工业厂房、公共建筑、组合房屋、净化工程等多个建筑领域<sup id="fnref:27"><a href="#fn:27" rel="footnote"><span class="hint--top hint--error hint--medium hint--rounded hint--bounce" aria-label="">27</span></a></sup>。泡沫夹芯结构和蜂窝夹芯结构都具有质量轻、隔热隔音、较好的保温性能等优点，应用在屋面或墙体维护结构上都可以大幅度地减轻建筑物的自重，并且有较好的承载能力，外观精美，同时地震时也可减轻人员伤亡和经济损失。国内也开始逐渐使用蜂窝铝板和纸蜂窝板等材料，如东方明珠电视塔、上海虹桥机场候机楼墙等著名建筑的幕墙都采用了蜂窝铝幕墙[^28-29]。图1.10为夹层结构在建筑幕墙上的应用情况。</p>
<h2 id="1-3-夹芯板的研究现状">1.3 夹芯板的研究现状</h2>
<h3 id="1-3-1-夹芯板理论研究">1.3.1 夹芯板理论研究</h3>
<p>目前关于夹芯板的力学分析模型主要有三种，包括单层板壳模型、三维实体模型、三层板模型<sup id="fnref:30"><a href="#fn:30" rel="footnote"><span class="hint--top hint--error hint--medium hint--rounded hint--bounce" aria-label="">30</span></a></sup></p>
<p><strong>单层板壳模型</strong></p>
<p>单层板壳模型是将夹芯板等效成单层板，并具有一定的厚度，只能运用中厚板理论进行分析，这种模型通常使用两种等效模型，即静态等效模型和动态等效模型。Q.H.Cheng<sup id="fnref:31"><a href="#fn:31" rel="footnote"><span class="hint--top hint--error hint--medium hint--rounded hint--bounce" aria-label="">31</span></a></sup>运用静态等效理论将夹芯板看作一块普通的各向同性板，进而得出了关于波纹夹芯板的等效弹性模量的计算方法；T.S.Lok<sup id="fnref:32"><a href="#fn:32" rel="footnote"><span class="hint--top hint--error hint--medium hint--rounded hint--bounce" aria-label="">32</span></a></sup>采用动态等效理论将夹芯板看作尺寸和刚度都不变的正交各向异性板，对夹层结构的动态响应问题进行了相关的研究。但这种模型将夹芯板等效为整体的一块板，精度必然大大降低。</p>
<p><strong>三维实体模型</strong></p>
<p>三维实体模型是基于均匀性和连续性的假设，运用三维弹性理论来研究夹芯板。基于这种理论，Noor<sup id="fnref:33"><a href="#fn:33" rel="footnote"><span class="hint--top hint--error hint--medium hint--rounded hint--bounce" aria-label="">33</span></a></sup>研究了夹芯板的屈曲与振动问题，Burton<sup id="fnref:34"><a href="#fn:34" rel="footnote"><span class="hint--top hint--error hint--medium hint--rounded hint--bounce" aria-label="">34</span></a></sup>则对夹层圆柱壳在静力热载荷下的振动问题进行了详细的研究。但这种模型的计算过程非常复杂，实用性不强。</p>
<p><strong>三层板模型</strong></p>
<p>前两种模型的缺点在一定程度上都限制了其广泛的应用，而三层模型恰恰弥补了它们的缺点，该理论是将夹芯板等效成上下面板和中间夹芯三层，当面板为层合板时则分为多层，目前此理论被应用于大多数的夹层结构分析中。</p>
<p><strong>线性理论和非线性理论</strong></p>
<p>学者们通过组合各种假设产生了多种理论，具体可以分为线性理论和非线性理论。</p>
<p>相比于非线性理论，线性理论（一阶剪切理论）的位移模式和力学分析过程都比较简单，精度也比较高，使其得以广泛地应用。这些理论主要有：Reissner理论<sup id="fnref:35"><a href="#fn:35" rel="footnote"><span class="hint--top hint--error hint--medium hint--rounded hint--bounce" aria-label="">35</span></a></sup>、Hoff理论<sup id="fnref:36"><a href="#fn:36" rel="footnote"><span class="hint--top hint--error hint--medium hint--rounded hint--bounce" aria-label="">36</span></a></sup>、普鲁卡克夫—杜庆华理论<sup id="fnref:37"><a href="#fn:37" rel="footnote"><span class="hint--top hint--error hint--medium hint--rounded hint--bounce" aria-label="">37</span></a></sup>。自上世纪四五十年代起，研究学者们在这些理论的基础上对夹层板的力学分析做了大量的相关研究，这其中具有代表性的有中科院北京力学研究所关于夹层板的弯曲稳定和振动的研究<sup id="fnref:38"><a href="#fn:38" rel="footnote"><span class="hint--top hint--error hint--medium hint--rounded hint--bounce" aria-label="">38</span></a></sup>，综合考虑各种主要因素，提出了各种力学因素的作用，使用不同的方程参数，理论上解释其相互关系，为以后研究人员合理的选择简化方程提供了思路；另外，<strong>胡海昌院士在复变函数理论的基础上，简化了弯曲基本方程，用两个新的函数来表示方程中的函数，很大程度地简化了求解过程，完美解决了夹芯板的反对称小挠度的一些难题<sup id="fnref:39"><a href="#fn:39" rel="footnote"><span class="hint--top hint--error hint--medium hint--rounded hint--bounce" aria-label="">39</span></a></sup>。</strong></p>
<p>此外，国内外还有大批学者在以上三种经典的线性理论基础上，加以修正或运用不同的数学方法，对夹芯板的力学分析问题进行了相关了研究工作。<strong>马超、邓宗白等人在2011年修正了Reissner理论，在原有理论方程的基础上增加了夹芯的刚度项，并将夹芯层的面内应力和弯曲刚度考虑在内，使用同样的解耦方法得到了挠度和转角的表达式</strong><sup id="fnref:40"><a href="#fn:40" rel="footnote"><span class="hint--top hint--error hint--medium hint--rounded hint--bounce" aria-label="">40</span></a></sup>。<strong>李东华在2012年基于Reissner理论，对夹芯层为功能梯度材料的夹芯板在均匀载荷作用下的弯曲问题进行了相关研究，推导出了平衡方程并用三角级数展开法实现了方程的求解</strong><sup id="fnref:41"><a href="#fn:41" rel="footnote"><span class="hint--top hint--error hint--medium hint--rounded hint--bounce" aria-label="">41</span></a></sup>。<strong>D.A.Maturi在2014年研究了夹芯板的静力学和自由振动问题，运用了新的分层理论加以分析，其中每层都使用了独立的自由度，这种思想也有一定的借鉴意义</strong><sup id="fnref:42"><a href="#fn:42" rel="footnote"><span class="hint--top hint--error hint--medium hint--rounded hint--bounce" aria-label="">42</span></a></sup>。</p>
<h3 id="1-3-2-夹芯板的力学性能研究">1.3.2 夹芯板的力学性能研究</h3>
<p>对于金属夹芯板的研究大多集中于蜂窝板和波纹板，蜂窝板的应用较广泛，研究也相对成熟，在蜂窝板的力学性能研究方面根据不同的受力方式可分为平压、侧压、三点弯曲及其他力学性能。</p>
<p>（1）平压性能</p>
<blockquote>
<p>对蜂窝板结构静态压缩过程变形失稳和破坏现象的研究最早是由Gibson等人<sup id="fnref:43"><a href="#fn:43" rel="footnote"><span class="hint--top hint--error hint--medium hint--rounded hint--bounce" aria-label="">43</span></a></sup>完成的，提出了蜂窝板的两种失稳机制，即弹性屈曲和结构塑性崩塌，并得到了两种失稳和破坏的宏观极限应力。McFVarland<sup id="fnref:44"><a href="#fn:44" rel="footnote"><span class="hint--top hint--error hint--medium hint--rounded hint--bounce" aria-label="">44</span></a></sup>和Wierzbicki<sup id="fnref:45"><a href="#fn:45" rel="footnote"><span class="hint--top hint--error hint--medium hint--rounded hint--bounce" aria-label="">45</span></a></sup>对由塑性屈曲造成的六边形蜂窝结构轴向坍塌现象进行了相关研究，发现了孔壁会按波长渐进地折叠，此波长约为孔壁边长，并得出了可匹配的塌陷模式，得出塑性屈曲应力的估算式。王飞等<sup id="fnref:46"><a href="#fn:46" rel="footnote"><span class="hint--top hint--error hint--medium hint--rounded hint--bounce" aria-label="">46</span></a></sup>采用数值模拟的方法系统地分析了结构失稳和破坏的三种特征以及相应的力学机制，得出的结论是导致结构失稳或破坏的直接原因是结构变形分岔。付应海<sup id="fnref:47"><a href="#fn:47" rel="footnote"><span class="hint--top hint--error hint--medium hint--rounded hint--bounce" aria-label="">47</span></a></sup>基于实验研究了芯子开槽后蜂窝板的平压强度变化情况，得出其压缩特性曲线。孙亚平等人<sup id="fnref:48"><a href="#fn:48" rel="footnote"><span class="hint--top hint--error hint--medium hint--rounded hint--bounce" aria-label="">48</span></a></sup>基于薄板大挠度理论对具有正交各向异性、孔壁有初始变形的纸蜂窝结构在面外压力作用下表现出来的破坏形式进行了相关的研究，得出了纸蜂窝结构的面外载荷理论模型，并得到了相关的临界载荷计算公式，更进一步地分析了蜂窝板的各个结构参数对面外承载能力的影响。</p>
</blockquote>
<p>（2）侧压性能</p>
<blockquote>
<p>计宏伟等人<sup id="fnref:49"><a href="#fn:49" rel="footnote"><span class="hint--top hint--error hint--medium hint--rounded hint--bounce" aria-label="">49</span></a></sup>通过蜂窝板的侧压强度试验方法系统地分析了温度、湿度、加载速度等主要因素对侧压强度的影响，得出的结论是：蜂窝板的侧压强度随着温度的升高先增大后减小，临界温度为50度；相对湿度对侧压强度的影响是负面的；而蜂窝板的侧压强度会随着加载速度的增大而增大。邵文全等人<sup id="fnref:50"><a href="#fn:50" rel="footnote"><span class="hint--top hint--error hint--medium hint--rounded hint--bounce" aria-label="">50</span></a></sup>研究了含有脱硫缺陷的蜂窝纸板的侧压强度以及在侧压载荷下的变形特征及破坏形式，得出了侧压强度的实验测量结果和脱硫缺陷对其所造成的影响。中科院北京力学研究所<sup id="fnref:51"><a href="#fn:51" rel="footnote"><span class="hint--top hint--error hint--medium hint--rounded hint--bounce" aria-label="">51</span></a></sup>对四边简支的正交各向异性的蜂窝板在受到纵向均匀压力时表现出的稳定性进行了详细的研究工作。周祝林<sup id="fnref:52"><a href="#fn:52" rel="footnote"><span class="hint--top hint--error hint--medium hint--rounded hint--bounce" aria-label="">52</span></a></sup>通过胶粘蜂窝板的侧压实验得出了其六种破坏形式，并分别得出了纵向承载能力理论计算公式。</p>
</blockquote>
<p>（3）三点弯曲性能</p>
<blockquote>
<p>主要通过数值模拟和实验两个方面来研究蜂窝板的三点弯曲性能。KelseyS等人<sup id="fnref:53"><a href="#fn:53" rel="footnote"><span class="hint--top hint--error hint--medium hint--rounded hint--bounce" aria-label="">53</span></a></sup>研究了蜂窝芯的等效刚度，通过位移法和力法得出了蜂窝夹芯的面外等效剪切模量的上下极限值。祝涛等人<sup id="fnref:54"><a href="#fn:54" rel="footnote"><span class="hint--top hint--error hint--medium hint--rounded hint--bounce" aria-label="">54</span></a></sup>修正了Gibson公式，得到了蜂窝板面内载荷对壁板弯曲的影响，给出了蜂窝芯层非线性等效拉伸弹性模量的拟合方法。王萍萍等人<sup id="fnref:55"><a href="#fn:55" rel="footnote"><span class="hint--top hint--error hint--medium hint--rounded hint--bounce" aria-label="">55</span></a></sup>基于薄板弯曲理论计算出单蜂窝等效弹性模量。KapilM等人<sup id="fnref:56"><a href="#fn:56" rel="footnote"><span class="hint--top hint--error hint--medium hint--rounded hint--bounce" aria-label="">56</span></a></sup>对泡沫铝夹层板在弯曲载荷作用下进行了数值模拟研究，得出了其主要的破坏模式。彭明军等人<sup id="fnref:57"><a href="#fn:57" rel="footnote"><span class="hint--top hint--error hint--medium hint--rounded hint--bounce" aria-label="">57</span></a></sup>通过数值模拟分析了蜂窝芯两个方向的边长和壁厚对蜂窝板在三点弯曲载荷下疲劳强度的影响。<strong>Zou等人<sup id="fnref:58"><a href="#fn:58" rel="footnote"><span class="hint--top hint--error hint--medium hint--rounded hint--bounce" aria-label="">58</span></a></sup>使用有限元软件对蜂窝板的三点弯曲过程进行了数值模拟仿真，发现了夹芯板与等效板之间应力状态的差别</strong>。Jeom等人<sup id="fnref:59"><a href="#fn:59" rel="footnote"><span class="hint--top hint--error hint--medium hint--rounded hint--bounce" aria-label="">59</span></a></sup>对铝蜂窝板的三点弯曲过程进行了实验研究，发现壁厚的增加可以推迟塑性变形的发生，增大了破坏强度。Onck等人<sup id="fnref:60"><a href="#fn:60" rel="footnote"><span class="hint--top hint--error hint--medium hint--rounded hint--bounce" aria-label="">60</span></a></sup>通过三点弯曲实验得到了蜂窝板在受单向压力载荷时芯层的高度与破坏形式之间的关系。</p>
</blockquote>
<p>（4）其他力学性能</p>
<blockquote>
<p>蜂窝板的其他力学性能的研究主要集中在蜂窝结构的冲击性能。从1998年之后的数年间，程小全、寇长河等人<sup id="fnref:61"><a href="#fn:61" rel="footnote"><span class="hint--top hint--error hint--medium hint--rounded hint--bounce" aria-label="">61</span></a></sup>对蜂窝板受低速冲击做了大量的研究，全面地研究了蜂窝板的损伤情况，研究结果表明，内部损伤大于外部损伤，上面板的各界面出现了分层现象并伴随着局部开裂；蜂窝芯的主要破坏形式是壁板皱曲，损伤面积要比面板大两倍左右。**卢文浩等人<sup id="fnref:62"><a href="#fn:62" rel="footnote"><span class="hint--top hint--error hint--medium hint--rounded hint--bounce" aria-label="">62</span></a></sup>基于对单个蜂窝单元进行的理论分析，用有限元软件模拟了蜂窝结构在受到冲击载荷下的变形情况，结果发现变形模式较为稳定，可以吸收大量的能量，很好的起到了缓冲吸能的作用。**Zhao和Gary<sup id="fnref:63"><a href="#fn:63" rel="footnote"><span class="hint--top hint--error hint--medium hint--rounded hint--bounce" aria-label="">63</span></a></sup>对蜂窝结构在动态冲击下的变形情况进行了实验研究，得出载荷速率对面板的破坏模式影响很大，对面内的破坏行为却没有影响。</p>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="1-4-选题意义和主要研究内容">1.4 选题意义和主要研究内容</h2>
<h3 id="1-4-1-选题意义">1.4.1 选题意义</h3>
<p>但是目前国内外关于夹芯板的研究主要集中在力学性能和小挠度变形方面， 如平压性能、侧压性能、三点弯曲性能、吸能性能的研究等，而对夹芯板成形方面的研究工作较少。因此，<strong>本文以双向梯形夹芯板为对象，着重研究其成形特点以及改变各截面参数对成形结果的影响，这一工作对夹芯板曲面结构件的生产和优化设计有一定的指 导意义。</strong></p>
<h3 id="1-4-2-研究内容">1.4.2 研究内容</h3>
<p>本文主要的研究内容包括以下几个部分：</p>
<p>（1）基于修正 Reissner 夹芯板理论的假设分析了双向梯形夹芯板的弯曲问题，得出了刚度常数和弹性常数之间的关系；采用有限元分析法对夹芯进行等效分析，得到了夹芯的等效弹性常数。 （2）<strong>利用有限元软件 ABAQUS 中 Explicit 模块对双向梯形夹芯板的对压成形过程建立有限元模型</strong>，以夹芯板柱面、球面这两种典型几何形状的成形件为研究对象，探究成形过程中可能出现的缺陷，并分析总结出相应的成形特点。</p>
<p>（3）以夹芯板柱面为研究对象，对双向梯形夹芯板的对压成形过程进行数值模拟，探讨上面板厚度、下面板厚度、夹芯板厚度、焊接区尺寸等截面参数对双向梯形夹芯板成形性能的影响。</p>
<p>（4）以多点成形方法作为成形手段，在多点成形压力机上进行对压实验，成形出柱面、球面件，并运用三维扫描仪 PRO CMM 对成形件进行测量，然后通过后处理软件对试验件进行分析，验证数值模拟的准确性。</p>
<h1 id="第-3-章-双向梯形夹芯板的成形数值模拟研究">第 3 章 双向梯形夹芯板的成形数值模拟研究</h1>
<p>本章将使用有限元软件 ABAQUS 对双向梯形夹芯板的对压成形过程进行数值模拟，以柱面和球面为研究对象，分析双向梯形夹芯板成形单曲度曲面和双曲度曲面时的成形特点与规律。</p>
<h2 id="3-1-有限元模型的建立">3.1 有限元模型的建立</h2>
<p><strong>多点成形技术</strong>：多点成形是金属板材三维曲面成形的一种柔性加工方法，原理是将整体模具离散化，由一系列有序布置、高度可调的基本体（或称冲头）组成柔性模具代替传统冲压成形的整体模具[^68-71]。通过计算机可以单独调节每个基本体的高度从而形成不同的包络面，最终实现对不同形状的三维曲面 件的柔性成形。</p>
<p><strong>以柱面、球面这两种典型几何形状的曲面为研究对象</strong>，利用有限元软件 ABAQUS 中 Explicit 模块对双向梯形夹芯板在无压边条件下多点成形单曲度曲面和双曲度曲面的过程建立有限元模型，研究成形过程中可能出现的缺陷，并分析总结出相应的成形特点与规律。</p>
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href="#%E7%AC%AC1%E7%AB%A0-%E7%BB%AA%E8%AE%BA"><span class="toc-text">第1章 绪论</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#1-1-%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E8%83%8C%E6%99%AF"><span class="toc-text">1.1 研究背景</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#1-1-1-%E5%A4%B9%E8%8A%AF%E6%9D%BF%E6%9E%84%E6%88%90"><span class="toc-text">1.1.1 夹芯板构成</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E9%9D%A2%E6%9D%BF%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99"><span class="toc-text">面板材料</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E8%8A%AF%E5%B1%82%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99"><span class="toc-text">芯层材料</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#1-1-2-%E5%B8%B8%E8%A7%81%E5%A4%B9%E8%8A%AF%E7%BB%93%E6%9E%84"><span class="toc-text">1.1.2 常见夹芯结构</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E6%B3%A1%E6%B2%AB%E9%93%9D%E5%A4%B9%E8%8A%AF%E5%A4%B9%E5%B1%82%E6%9D%BF"><span class="toc-text">泡沫铝夹芯夹层板</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E5%9E%8B%E6%9D%90%E5%A4%B9%E5%BF%83%E6%9D%BF"><span class="toc-text">型材夹心板</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#1-1-3-%E6%9C%AC%E6%96%87%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E5%AF%B9%E8%B1%A1"><span class="toc-text">1.1.3 本文研究对象</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#1-2-%E5%A4%B9%E8%8A%AF%E6%9D%BF%E7%9A%84%E7%89%B9%E7%82%B9%E5%8F%8A%E5%BA%94%E7%94%A8"><span class="toc-text">1.2 夹芯板的特点及应用</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#1-2-1-%E5%A4%B9%E8%8A%AF%E6%9D%BF%E7%9A%84%E7%89%B9%E7%82%B9"><span class="toc-text">1.2.1 夹芯板的特点</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#1-2-2-%E5%A4%B9%E8%8A%AF%E6%9D%BF%E7%9A%84%E5%BA%94%E7%94%A8"><span class="toc-text">1.2.2 夹芯板的应用</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#1-3-%E5%A4%B9%E8%8A%AF%E6%9D%BF%E7%9A%84%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E7%8E%B0%E7%8A%B6"><span class="toc-text">1.3 夹芯板的研究现状</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#1-3-1-%E5%A4%B9%E8%8A%AF%E6%9D%BF%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6"><span class="toc-text">1.3.1 夹芯板理论研究</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#1-3-2-%E5%A4%B9%E8%8A%AF%E6%9D%BF%E7%9A%84%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6%E6%80%A7%E8%83%BD%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6"><span class="toc-text">1.3.2 夹芯板的力学性能研究</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#1-4-%E9%80%89%E9%A2%98%E6%84%8F%E4%B9%89%E5%92%8C%E4%B8%BB%E8%A6%81%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E5%86%85%E5%AE%B9"><span class="toc-text">1.4 选题意义和主要研究内容</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#1-4-1-%E9%80%89%E9%A2%98%E6%84%8F%E4%B9%89"><span class="toc-text">1.4.1 选题意义</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#1-4-2-%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E5%86%85%E5%AE%B9"><span class="toc-text">1.4.2 研究内容</span></a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-1"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E7%AC%AC-3-%E7%AB%A0-%E5%8F%8C%E5%90%91%E6%A2%AF%E5%BD%A2%E5%A4%B9%E8%8A%AF%E6%9D%BF%E7%9A%84%E6%88%90%E5%BD%A2%E6%95%B0%E5%80%BC%E6%A8%A1%E6%8B%9F%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6"><span class="toc-text">第 3 章 双向梯形夹芯板的成形数值模拟研究</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#3-1-%E6%9C%89%E9%99%90%E5%85%83%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B%E7%9A%84%E5%BB%BA%E7%AB%8B"><span class="toc-text">3.1 有限元模型的建立</span></a></li></ol></li></ol></div></div><div class="card-widget card-recent-post"><div class="item-headline"><i class="anzhiyufont anzhiyu-icon-history"></i><span>最新文章</span></div><div class="aside-list"><div class="aside-list-item"><a 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observer.observe(postCommentTarget);
}
initCommentBarrage();
if (localStorage.getItem("commentBarrageSwitch") !== "false") {
document.querySelector(".comment-barrage").style.display = "flex";
document.querySelector(".menu-commentBarrage-text").textContent = "关闭热评";
} else {
document.querySelector(".comment-barrage").style.display = "none";
document.querySelector(".menu-commentBarrage-text").textContent = "显示热评";
}
document.addEventListener("pjax:send", function () {
clearInterval(commentInterval);
});
}</script><script data-pjax src="https://npm.elemecdn.com/[email protected]/catalog-bar/catalog-bar.js"></script><script async data-pjax src="https://npm.elemecdn.com/[email protected]/categoryBar/categoryBar.js"></script><script async data-pjax src="https://npm.elemecdn.com/[email protected]/waterfall/waterfall.js"></script><script src="https://lf3-cdn-tos.bytecdntp.com/cdn/expire-1-M/qrcodejs/1.0.0/qrcode.min.js"></script><script>// 初始化函数
let rm = {};
//禁止图片拖拽
let imgElements = document.getElementsByTagName("img");
for (let i = 0; i < imgElements.length; i++) {
imgElements[i].addEventListener("dragstart", function (event) {
event.preventDefault();
});
}
// 显示菜单
rm.showRightMenu = function (isTrue, x = 0, y = 0) {
console.info(x, y)
let rightMenu = document.getElementById("rightMenu");
rightMenu.style.top = x + "px";
rightMenu.style.left = y + "px";
if (isTrue) {
rightMenu.style.display = "block";
stopMaskScroll();
} else {
rightMenu.style.display = "none";
}
};
// 隐藏菜单
rm.hideRightMenu = function () {
rm.showRightMenu(false);
let rightMenuMask = document.querySelector("#rightmenu-mask");
rightMenuMask.style.display = "none";
};
// 尺寸
let rmWidth = document.getElementById("rightMenu").offsetWidth;
let rmHeight = document.getElementById("rightMenu").offsetHeight;
// 重新定义尺寸
rm.reloadrmSize = function () {
rightMenu.style.visibility = "hidden";
rightMenu.style.display = "block";
// 获取宽度和高度
rmWidth = document.getElementById("rightMenu").offsetWidth;
rmHeight = document.getElementById("rightMenu").offsetHeight;
rightMenu.style.visibility = "visible";
};
// 获取点击的href
let domhref = "";
let domImgSrc = "";
let globalEvent = null;
var oncontextmenuFunction = function (event) {
if (document.body.clientWidth > 768) {
let pageX = event.clientX + 10; //加10是为了防止显示时鼠标遮在菜单上
let pageY = event.clientY;
//其他额外菜单
const $rightMenuOther = document.querySelector(".rightMenuOther");
const $rightMenuPlugin = document.querySelector(".rightMenuPlugin");
const $rightMenuCopyText = document.querySelector("#menu-copytext");
const $rightMenuPasteText = document.querySelector("#menu-pastetext");
const $rightMenuCommentText = document.querySelector("#menu-commenttext");
const $rightMenuNewWindow = document.querySelector("#menu-newwindow");
const $rightMenuNewWindowImg = document.querySelector("#menu-newwindowimg");
const $rightMenuCopyLink = document.querySelector("#menu-copylink");
const $rightMenuCopyImg = document.querySelector("#menu-copyimg");
const $rightMenuDownloadImg = document.querySelector("#menu-downloadimg");
const $rightMenuSearch = document.querySelector("#menu-search");
const $rightMenuSearchBaidu = document.querySelector("#menu-searchBaidu");
const $rightMenuMusicToggle = document.querySelector("#menu-music-toggle");
const $rightMenuMusicBack = document.querySelector("#menu-music-back");
const $rightMenuMusicForward = document.querySelector("#menu-music-forward");
const $rightMenuMusicPlaylist = document.querySelector("#menu-music-playlist");
const $rightMenuMusicCopyMusicName = document.querySelector("#menu-music-copyMusicName");
let href = event.target.href;
let imgsrc = event.target.currentSrc;
// 判断模式 扩展模式为有事件
let pluginMode = false;
$rightMenuOther.style.display = "block";
globalEvent = event;
// 检查是否需要复制 是否有选中文本
if (selectTextNow && window.getSelection()) {
pluginMode = true;
$rightMenuCopyText.style.display = "block";
$rightMenuCommentText.style.display = "block";
$rightMenuSearch.style.display = "block";
$rightMenuSearchBaidu.style.display = "block";
} else {
$rightMenuCopyText.style.display = "none";
$rightMenuCommentText.style.display = "none";
$rightMenuSearchBaidu.style.display = "none";
$rightMenuSearch.style.display = "none";
}
//检查是否右键点击了链接a标签
if (href) {
pluginMode = true;
$rightMenuNewWindow.style.display = "block";
$rightMenuCopyLink.style.display = "block";
domhref = href;
} else {
$rightMenuNewWindow.style.display = "none";
$rightMenuCopyLink.style.display = "none";
}
//检查是否需要复制图片
if (imgsrc) {
pluginMode = true;
$rightMenuCopyImg.style.display = "block";
$rightMenuDownloadImg.style.display = "block";
$rightMenuNewWindowImg.style.display = "block";
document.getElementById("rightMenu").style.width="12rem"
domImgSrc = imgsrc;
} else {
$rightMenuCopyImg.style.display = "none";
$rightMenuDownloadImg.style.display = "none";
$rightMenuNewWindowImg.style.display = "none";
}
// 判断是否为输入框
if (event.target.tagName.toLowerCase() === "input" || event.target.tagName.toLowerCase() === "textarea") {
pluginMode = true;
$rightMenuPasteText.style.display = "block";
} else {
$rightMenuPasteText.style.display = "none";
}
const navMusicEl = document.querySelector("#nav-music");
//判断是否是音乐
if (navMusicEl && navMusicEl.contains(event.target)) {
pluginMode = true;
$rightMenuMusicToggle.style.display = "block";
$rightMenuMusicBack.style.display = "block";
$rightMenuMusicForward.style.display = "block";
$rightMenuMusicPlaylist.style.display = "block";
$rightMenuMusicCopyMusicName.style.display = "block";
} else {
$rightMenuMusicToggle.style.display = "none";
$rightMenuMusicBack.style.display = "none";
$rightMenuMusicForward.style.display = "none";
$rightMenuMusicPlaylist.style.display = "none";
$rightMenuMusicCopyMusicName.style.display = "none";
}
// 如果不是扩展模式则隐藏扩展模块
if (pluginMode) {
$rightMenuOther.style.display = "none";
$rightMenuPlugin.style.display = "block";
} else {
$rightMenuPlugin.style.display = "none";
}
rm.reloadrmSize();
// 鼠标默认显示在鼠标右下方，当鼠标靠右或靠下时，将菜单显示在鼠标左方\上方
if (pageX + rmWidth > window.innerWidth) {
pageX -= rmWidth + 10;
}
if (pageY + rmHeight > window.innerHeight) {
pageY -= pageY + rmHeight - window.innerHeight;
}
rm.showRightMenu(true, pageY, pageX);
document.getElementById("rightmenu-mask").style.display = "flex";
return false;
}
};
// 监听右键初始化
window.oncontextmenu = oncontextmenuFunction
// 下载图片状态
rm.downloadimging = false;
// 复制图片到剪贴板
rm.writeClipImg = function (imgsrc) {
console.log("按下复制");
rm.hideRightMenu();
anzhiyu.snackbarShow("正在下载中，请稍后", false, 10000);
if (rm.downloadimging == false) {
rm.downloadimging = true;
setTimeout(function () {
copyImage(imgsrc);
anzhiyu.snackbarShow("复制成功！图片已添加盲水印，请遵守版权协议");
rm.downloadimging = false;
}, "10000");
}
};
function imageToBlob(imageURL) {
const img = new Image();
const c = document.createElement("canvas");
const ctx = c.getContext("2d");
img.crossOrigin = "";
img.src = imageURL;
return new Promise(resolve => {
img.onload = function () {
c.width = this.naturalWidth;
c.height = this.naturalHeight;
ctx.drawImage(this, 0, 0);
c.toBlob(
blob => {
// here the image is a blob
resolve(blob);
},
"image/png",
0.75
);
};
});
}
async function copyImage(imageURL) {
const blob = await imageToBlob(imageURL);
const item = new ClipboardItem({ "image/png": blob });
navigator.clipboard.write([item]);
}
rm.switchDarkMode = function () {
// Switch Between Light And Dark Mode
const nowMode = document.documentElement.getAttribute("data-theme") === "dark" ? "dark" : "light";
if (nowMode === "light") {
activateDarkMode();
saveToLocal.set("theme", "dark", 2);
GLOBAL_CONFIG.Snackbar !== undefined && anzhiyu.snackbarShow(GLOBAL_CONFIG.Snackbar.day_to_night);
document.querySelector(".menu-darkmode-text").textContent = "浅色模式";
} else {
activateLightMode();
saveToLocal.set("theme", "light", 2);